Education Of Girls Research Articles

Level of Education and Menstrual Challenges for Adolescent Girls in Rural Tanzania

Level of Education and Menstrual Challenges for Adolescent Girls in Rural Tanzania

Access to Secondary School Education among Girls from Pastoral Communities: A case of the Barbaig in Hanang District, Manyara Region of Tanzania

Access to education for girls in many societies faces significant challenges, often leading to girls being viewed as inferior to boys. However, little is known about the unique challenges facing girls from pastoral societies and their access to schooling. Therefore, this paper sheds light on girls' access to secondary school education in the Barbaig pastoral community in the Hanang District, Manyara Region of Tanzania. Specifically, it examines the challenges girls face in accessing secondary education in their area. The study uses a cross-sectional research design and involved 210 girls from Dirma, Chief Gejaru, and Mwahu secondary schools. Proportional sampling and simple random sampling techniques were used to obtain respondents for this study. Data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions, and documentary reviews. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used in data analysis. The results revealed that a shortage of girls’ facilities and services in schools, families' low socio-economic status, and harmful gender norms, traditions, and practices were among the challenges. Other challenges include early pregnancies and early marriage, parents’ desire for wealth, nomadic lifestyle, large family size, and long distance from home to school. It is recommended that the Education Department in Hanang District implement educational policies that ensure students in every school have sufficient resources. Furthermore, community leaders should insist on the importance of girls’ education. This will only be possible if local authorities actively collaborate with relevant stakeholders to solve the educational challenges facing the girls from the Barbaig tribe.

Milk, money, and gender: Exploring the link between women's decision‐making in dairy production and welfare investments in boys versus girls

AbstractGreater women's bargaining power and decision‐making within a household have been shown to increase investments in human capital. This study links women's participation in decision‐making in dairy production with household investment in girls and boys in health, nutrition, and education. We survey households in the urbanizing region of Bangalore, India. We utilize a multinomial treatment effects model to analyze the individual and household factors that are associated with women's participation in sole or joint decision‐making. We then assess how the type of decision‐making influences a household's investments. The results first show that female decision‐making households are more disadvantaged on average than other types of decision‐making households. Second, we observe that female decision‐makers for dairy production are more likely to have more children and earn a higher income than their husbands. Third, the main findings show that households in which women engage in joint decision‐making have higher levels of investment across all categories for girls. Conversely, investments decrease in education and nutrition for both girls and boys when the wife is the sole decision‐maker. Lastly, investments are enhanced further for girls when households can sell milk at a higher price.

PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN REMAJA PUTRI ANEMIA MELALUI SUPLEMENTASI BUBUR KACANG HIJAU DAN MERAH

Mung beans and red beans contain vitamin A, calcium, and potassium, which can increase hemoglobin levels in the body. The prevalence of anemia in Indonesia is 23.7%, with the incidence of anemia in females being much higher than in males, at 27.2% in females and 20.3% in males in 2018, showing an increase from 2013 to 2018. Therefore, this community service aims to increase hemoglobin levels in anemic adolescent girls through supplementation with mung bean and red bean porridge. The methods used include nutrition education, training on making bean porridge, and regular health monitoring, with evaluations using questionnaires, structured interviews, and participatory observation. The evaluation results showed a significant increase in hemoglobin levels in all 10 adolescent girls (100%) involved in the program after supplementation, as well as high satisfaction with the materials and the benefits of the information provided. In conclusion, this program is effective in increasing hemoglobin levels and providing beneficial nutrition education for anemic adolescent girls.

Trends, spatiotemporal variation and decomposition analysis of pregnancy termination among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopian demographic and health survey, from 2000 to 2016

BackgroundPregnancy termination is a major public health problem, and complications of unsafe abortion are among the proximate and major causes of maternal mortality. Mapping the trend and spatiotemporal variation and identifying factors that are responsible for the changes in pregnancy termination help achieve the sustainable development goal of reducing maternal mortality in Ethiopia by understanding the epidemiology and regional variations. MethodsData from the 2000–2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey were analyzed with a total weighted sample of 40,983 women of reproductive age. Variables with a p-value <0.05 in a logit multivariable decomposition analysis were considered significant predictors of the decline in pregnancy termination over time. Spatial analysis was used separately for each survey to show the changes in regional disparities in pregnancy termination in Ethiopia. ResultsThe magnitude of pregnancy termination among women of reproductive age decreased by 39.5 %, from 17.7 % in 2000 to 10.7 % in 2016. The difference in the effects of literacy, working status, marital status, age at first intercourse, age at first cohabitation, knowledge about contraceptives, and knowledge of the ovulatory cycle were the significant predictors that contributed to the change in pregnancy termination over time. Significant clusters of pregnancy terminations were observed in central and northern Ethiopia (Addis Ababa, eastern Amhara, and Tigray regions). ConclusionsDespite the substantial decrease in terminated pregnancies over time in Ethiopia, the magnitude is still high. The government should focus on promoting education for girls and women, providing reproductive health education, including access to contraceptives, and raising the minimum age for girls to engage in sexual activities or marriage by implementing policies.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH EDUCATION TRAINING WITH THE PHANTOM MEDIA DEMONSTRATION METHOD ON KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS SKILLS IN SMA NEGERI 3 SAMARINDA

In Indonesia, when it comes to female cancers, breast cancer is by far the most lethal. Treatment was delayed because of a lack of education about breast cancer and how to perform a breast self-examination (BSE) for early diagnosis. Real-world targets can learn from and mimic the behaviour displayed in examples through the demonstration technique. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of health training using demonstrative techniques and dummy media on female students' knowledge and ability to deal with BSE. Research Metodes: This investigation was quantitative in nature, and a one-group pretest-posttest design was adopted. There were potentially as many as 198 kids at SMA Negeri 3 Samarinda, hence a sample size of 66 was used. Simple random sampling was used. A knowledge and skills questionnaire with a value of 0.05 served as the instrument for this study. Results: A significant effect of health education on female students' knowledge and skills on BSE was found, as indicated by a wilcoxon test p value of 0.05. Conclusion: Health education on BSE delivered using the phantom media demonstration approach has an impact on elevating SMA Negeri 3 students' understanding of the topic. It is anticipated that it can serve as a source of inspiration and education for high school girls. Keywords: Demonstration, SADARI, Knowledge, Skills, Teenager.

Menstrual education programs for girls and young women with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A systematic review.

Providing menstrual education and guidance for menstrual management for girls and young women with intellectual disabilities is recommended to ensure smooth pubertal transitions and to support menstrual self-agency. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore menstrual education interventions for girls and young women with intellectual disabilities. Nine studies were included. Interventions were provided in small groups (n = 4) and individually (n = 5). Most studies used dolls (n = 7) and task analysis (n = 7) to teach pad-replacement skills. All reported significant improvements in participant skills and/or knowledge following the intervention. Only one study addressed self-agency and self-esteem as an outcome of the intervention. Menstrual education for girls and young women with intellectual disabilities is largely focused on pad-replacement skills. Further research is needed to understand the impact of menstrual health and hygiene education on variables apart from skill improvement such as self-agency and long-term health outcomes related to menstrual health.

Effects of Women Education on Child Labor in South Asia

Lack of education and poverty are major factors contributing to child labor. A crucial component of economic and social growth is education of the society. This study contribution looks at how educating women affect child labor in South Asia. It used yearly data from 1990 to 2020. The Cross-Sectional Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) model use for short run and long run predictions. The significant impact of female education on reducing child labor, emphasizes the significance of participating in girls' education. Policies aimed at enhancing access to and quality of education for girls can help mitigate child labor by authorizing women and breaking poverty cycle. Development of Urban strategies must rank the providing of education, health and social security facilities to the residents of urban areas.

Influence of Gender Discrimination on Girl Child Education in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria

This study aims to investigate the prevalence of gender discrimination and its impact on girl child education in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study are to assess the level of awareness of gender discrimination in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun State, to identify societal beliefs influencing girl child education, to explore factors hindering girl child participation in education, and to examine the effects of gender discrimination on societal development. The study utilized a descriptive survey method with a sample size of 120 respondents, including both male and female teachers from 10 schools in Odogbolu. A researcher-designed questionnaire with a validity index of 0.86 was employed for data collection. Data analysis was conducted using mean and standard deviation. The study revealed an alarming level of awareness regarding gender discrimination in Odogbolu, with a majority of girls being treated as inferior. Significant relationships between societal beliefs and girl child education were identified. Discrimination against the girl child was found to be more prevalent in rural areas. Factors such as early marriage, cultural issues, domestic violence, teenage pregnancy, and religious bias were identified as hindrances to girl child education. The effects of gender discrimination on societal development include dropout rates, mental health issues, inadequate female representation, poor academic performance among teachers, and limited access to education for girls. The major recommendations are to implement awareness programs to address gender discrimination, enforce policies to protect the rights of girl children, provide support systems for girls facing societal barriers, and promote community involvement in advocating for girl child education.

The Problem of Girls' Religious Education in Ultra-Orthodox Judaism: The Case of Sarah Schenirer and Bais Yaakov Movement

In the ultra-Orthodox Jewish tradition, there are different types of schools for men and women, providing education for their varying social and religious roles. This difference is particularly visible in the religious education curricula. Until 1917, the religious education that women were able to receive, albeit to a lesser extent than the religious education received by men, was not systematised. In the late nineteenth century, the rapidly growing interest in the secular world among girls was mainly characterised by the lack of religious education for Jewish girls, and Sarah Schenirer (1883-1935) found it necessary to open religious schools for Jewish girls as a solution. With this initiative, Schenirer called for change in an anti-innovationist culture and aimed to help Ultra-Orthodox girls retain their Jewish identity and remain connected to the community. To this end, Schenirer founded the first Bais Yaakov school in 1917, and within a few years the school grew rapidly into an extensive “network of schools” across Europe, and became known as the Bais Yaakov movement. This initiative acted as the domino that initiated the change in the addressee profile of religious education within the anti-innovationist Ultra-Orthodox Judaism. In this respect, knowing Sarah Schenirer is key to analysing how Bais Yaakov legitimised itself within Ultra-Orthodox Judaism and how this innovation in girls' education found a foundation within a tradition that seemed to lack the necessary resources and support. Considering that there are not enough studies on religious education in Ultra-Orthodox Judaism in Turkey, we believe that this study on the educational activities of Bais Yaakov will contribute to the field of history of religions.

Fiqh education for adolescent girls: Study of the latanun nisa in temanggung, indonesia

Many adolescent girls in Brongkol Village lack understanding regarding the distinction between menstrual bleeding (haid) and abnormal vaginal bleeding (istihadhah), crucial aspects of the fiqh of worship governing Muslim women's daily lives. This study aims to explore the urgency, implications, advantages, and disadvantages of women's fiqh education through the Ianatun Nisa book among adolescent girls in Brongkol Village, Temanggung Sub-District. Conducted as field research, this qualitative study adopts a phenomenological approach, gathering data through interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis involves collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, with data validity ensured through source triangulation. Findings indicate the significance of women's fiqh education for adolescent girls in Brongkol Village. Studying menstrual bleeding (haid) and abnormal vaginal bleeding (istihadhah) is obligatory, impacting their daily worship practices like prayer and fasting. Positive impacts include improved understanding through expository and reflective approaches, facilitated by lecture and discussion methods. However, challenges such as limited Arabic pegon Javanese script literacy among adolescent girls and methodological constraints hinder effective implementation.

What is Suitable Education for Girls? Women’s Participation and Statistical Arguments in Sweden’s 1888 Girls’ School Committee

What is Suitable Education for Girls? Women’s Participation and Statistical Arguments in Sweden’s 1888 Girls’ School Committee

A REVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF WOMEN LITERACY AND POVERTY REDUCTION ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

Despite the potential of the strategies put in place by successive governments in Nigeria, women's literacy and poverty reduction for sustainable development, Nigeria continue to grapple with persistent challenges in realizing the full transformative impact of educated and empowered women in the country. This paper examined the effects of women literacy and poverty alleviation on sustainable development in Nigeria. The paper relied on documentary sources of data obtained from textbooks, journal articles, official gazettes, conference papers and the internet. The paper deployed the Liberal Feminism theory to provide a theoretical guide for the study. The paper observed that the relationship between women's literacy, poverty alleviation, and sustainable development in Nigeria is complex and multifaceted and emphasized that empowering women is not only a matter of social justice but a catalyst for sustainable development. It recommends a conscious implementation of policies and programs that should aim to eliminate barriers to education for girls and women, including addressing financial constraints, cultural norms, and discriminatory practices as well as the development and implementation of targeted economic empowerment initiatives, such as vocational training and entrepreneurship programs, to enhance women's skills and make them job creators rather than job seekers, thereby increasing their participation in the formal economy.

Burden of Musculoskeletal Pains and Injuries from Water-Carrying Among School-Going Adolescent Girls in Kinshasa’s Peri-Urban Settings, Democratic Republic of Congo

The peri-urban settings of Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of Congo are mostly characterized by uneven terrain and limited access to water. A cross-sectional epidemiological study of school-going adolescent girls identified public health risks associated with daily water carrying. Data were collected using a semi-structured paper questionnaire, whereas descriptive and regression analysis was performed using SPSS software. The study established that Head-load transportation of water was the most common mode for 92.3% of the interviewed adolescent girls. Compared to other modes, this mode was most likely to expose adolescent girls to musculoskeletal pains and injuries (p &lt; 0.0001). Most adolescent girls interviewed (79.4%) crossed hilly and mountainous terrain. Some 59.4% of adolescent girls experienced falls, 38.6% and 17.4%, respectively, experienced injuries and strains associated with hilly terrain. Almost all the study participants reported pain (96.3%), with 73% reporting back and chest pains. Other reported problems included permanent muscular pain (59.5%), neck pain (55.6%), permanent headaches (50.6%), lower abdominal pain (23.1%), and prolonged painful menstruation (6.7%). Although these data are based on self-reported pain and injuries, their effects could negatively impact adolescent girls’ school attendance and performance. Evidence from this research first supports policies that provide home water supply systems. Such a supply system offers the advantage of relieving the burden of transporting heavy loads of water over long distances and mountainous terrains. Second, evidence demonstrates that the city of Kinshasa struggles to achieve the 6th SDG, which implies negative impacts on the 3rd and 4th SDGs related to health and equitable education for adolescent girls.

The Role of Education in Promoting Empowerment as Agency in the Lives of Women and Girls in Somaliland

This article draws on 100 qualitative interviews with young women who participated in a girls’ education programme known as SOMGEP (Somali Girls Education Programme). The underpinning research sought to explore the impact of SOMGEP education on and for the later life outcomes of the participating girls now women. Researchers were able to revisit former SOMGEP students 7 years after the end of the programme. The findings made links between higher levels of educational attendance and attainment and its positive impact on agency. What also emerged was the ways in which the expression of agency is hampered by wider contextual factors that often act as a backlash to the transformative potential of a secular education.

ANALYSIS OF THE TREND IN PASS RATES OF GIRLS IN NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF GUINEA

This presentstudy examines trends in girls baccalaureatesuccess rates in Guinea over a ten-yearperiod. Using data collectedfrom the national archives of examinationresultspublished by the National Institute of Statistics, weanalyzed the success rates in the differentsectors (Maths, Experimental and Social Sciences), explored the influentialfactors, and constructedpredictionmodels to understand trends and identify persistent challenges in girls education. Our results show a generalincrease in success rates, but alsoreveal persistent disparitiesbetweensectors. This studyhighlights the importance of supporting girls education in Guinea and offersrecommendations to improvetheiracademicsuccess.

Education for girls, GDP hike reduce antibiotic use

Education for girls, GDP hike reduce antibiotic use

Cognitive Regulation and Its Influence on the Performance of Volleyball Serve Skill

This study aims to identify the level of cognitive regulation and the level of serve skill performance among female students, and to identify the relationship, contribution and impact of cognitive regulation to the performance of their serve skill. This descriptive correlational study targeted sophomores at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls/University of Baghdad. The study included a purposive sample of (32)،. Participants’ opinions were surveyed using the cognitive regulation scale in volleyball for female students then skillfully testing then using the performance of serve skill considering their accomplishment of learning performing such a skill in their academic courses. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) to be the conclusions and recommendations that the level of cognitive regulation among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Girls was acceptable, as well as the performance of their serve skill was acceptable, and that cognitive regulation relates, contributes, and positively affects the performance of serve skill among the study participants. It is necessary to pay attention to mental measurement when teaching the serve skill, especially cognitive regulation owing to its positive role in the performance of this skill. It is also necessary to increase the teachers’ experience with the importance of paying attention to improving the level of cognitive regulation of students, as this awareness is reflected in the positives in achieving the goals of improving performance in the physical education lesson for volleyball

Mendelian randomization analyses for the causal relationship between early age at first sexual intercourse, early age at first live birth, and postpartum depression in pregnant women.

There are insufficient epidemiological studies on the impact of age at first sexual intercourse (AFS) and age at first live birth (AFB) on postpartum depression (PPD) in pregnant women, and the conclusions of these studies are inconsistent. We performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to determine the causal relationship between AFS or AFB and the risk of PPD. The summary data were extracted from genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets. We selected the instrumental variables according to the P value of exposure-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (P<5 ×10-9 for AFS and P<5 ×10-8 for AFB) and estimated the linkage disequilibrium using the clump parameter (10,000 kb, r2 < 0.001). Single nucleotide polymorphisms were considered instrumental variables that were significantly associated with exposure factors without linkage disequilibrium. The F-statistics of the instrumental variables should all be larger than 10.A random-effects model of IVW was constructed as the main method in our study. MR studies based on GWAS data revealed that both AFS (OR = 0.4, P <0.001) and AFB (OR = 0.38, P <0.001) were negatively correlated with the risk of PPD. Early AFS and early AFB should be studied as possible risk factors for PPD in the future. Public health departments should attach importance to sex education for young girls. The results of our TSMR should be verified by high-quality prospective epidemiological studies in the future.

The Contribution Rate of Some Mental Abilities Accurately to the Performance of the Stabbing Movement with the Epee Weapon

The research assumed that there is a differentiated contribution to mental abilities (concentration of attention, diversion of attention, perception of the sense of purpose) on the performance of the stabbing movement with the Epee weapon, so the research sample was chosen from the original community, represented by the fencing team for students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for girls / University of Baghdad, which numbered (20) players and adopted the intentional method in selecting the sample, where we excluded the students who participated in the exploratory experiment, which numbered (4) students. Hence, the research sample became (16) students from the original community. The tests under study have been conducted on them. classification and treated statistically and then concluded the existence of a significant correlation between mental abilities and the accuracy of the performance of the stabbing movement with the Epee weapon.as well as a high contribution rate of mental abilities to the accuracy of the performance of the stabbing movement .In light of the results reached by the two researchers, the need to pay attention to mental abilities in the sports field in general and in the sport of fencing in particular, with the development of a special training curriculum to develop those abilities. The effect of mental abilities in other sports and on different samples, more studies were conducted on the percentage of the contribution of mental abilities of different variables to the level of physical performance and skills in fencing.