The fruitful collaboration between German and Russian neurologists has its roots in the last century. In the formation of neurological science in both countries, such outstanding Russian scientists as V.M. Bekhterev, L.O. Darkshevich, Korsakov, Minor, Krol, as well as German neurologists Grisinger, Strumpel, Oppenheim. As a result of well-known historical events, this creative connection, mutually beneficial for both scientists and patients, was interrupted for 60 years. Only after the fall of the Iron Curtain, both on the one and on the other side, there was a desire to end the Ice Age and begin the path to rapprochement. The first meetings between scientists from both countries and the exchange of views on issues of interest to them served as the impetus for the first scientific conference dedicated to a wide range of neurological diseases, the diagnosis and treatment of which leave much to be desired.