Georgia Institute Of Technology Research Articles

The Biological Robots Are Coming! But Note They Have Been Here for ∼3.5 Billion Years

The Biological Robots Are Coming! But Note They Have Been Here for ∼3.5 Billion Years

Constant Regret Resolving Heuristics for Price-Based Revenue Management

Title: Constant Regret Resolving Heuristics for Price-Based Revenue Management Network revenue management (NRM) and its corresponding pricing question is one of the most fundamental problems in operations management. To alleviate the curse of dimensionality and the prohibitive cost of computing an exact solution using dynamic programming, computationally efficient resolving algorithms are proposed. The state-of-the-art analysis of the resolving heuristic establishes a logarithmic additive regret for price-based NRM problems. In “Constant Regret Resolving Heuristics for Price-Based Revenue Management,” Y. Wang and H. Wang from the University of Florida and Georgia Institute of Technology, respectively, significantly advance the state-of-the-art analysis by showing a constant regret for resolving heuristics. Their theoretical advance is made possible by a novel, direct analysis of the exact DP solution.

Featurette: Blockchain Ecologies: Ownership Beyond Extraction

April 01 2022 Featurette: Blockchain Ecologies: Ownership Beyond Extraction Brittany Utting, Brittany Utting Brittany Utting is Assistant Professor of Architecture at Rice University and co-founder of the research and design collaborative HOME-OFFICE. Her work examines the spatial, political, and ecological forms of collective life. Currently, she is working on a book project entitled Architectures of Care: From the Intimate to the Common (Routledge, 2023). She previously taught at the University of Michigan as the 2017–2018 Willard A. Oberdick Fellow. Brittany received her Master of Architecture from Yale University and a B.S. in Architecture from the Georgia Institute of Technology. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Daniel Jacobs Daniel Jacobs Daniel Jacobs is Adjunct Faculty in Architecture at the University of Houston and co-founder of HOME-OFFICE. His research and writing centers around the labor production and material ecologies of the built environment. He has previously served as the secretary of the National Organizing Committee of the Architecture Lobby, taught as a Lecturer at Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning at the University of Michigan, and practiced as an Associate at SHoP Architects in New York. Daniel received his Master of Architecture from the Yale University School of Architecture and a B.S. in Architecture from Washington University in St. Louis. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Brittany Utting Brittany Utting is Assistant Professor of Architecture at Rice University and co-founder of the research and design collaborative HOME-OFFICE. Her work examines the spatial, political, and ecological forms of collective life. Currently, she is working on a book project entitled Architectures of Care: From the Intimate to the Common (Routledge, 2023). She previously taught at the University of Michigan as the 2017–2018 Willard A. Oberdick Fellow. Brittany received her Master of Architecture from Yale University and a B.S. in Architecture from the Georgia Institute of Technology. Daniel Jacobs Daniel Jacobs is Adjunct Faculty in Architecture at the University of Houston and co-founder of HOME-OFFICE. His research and writing centers around the labor production and material ecologies of the built environment. He has previously served as the secretary of the National Organizing Committee of the Architecture Lobby, taught as a Lecturer at Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning at the University of Michigan, and practiced as an Associate at SHoP Architects in New York. Daniel received his Master of Architecture from the Yale University School of Architecture and a B.S. in Architecture from Washington University in St. Louis. Online Issn: 2572-7338 Print Issn: 1091-711X © 2022 Brittany Utting and Daniel Jacobs2022Brittany Utting and Daniel Jacobs Thresholds (2022) (50): 100–102. https://doi.org/10.1162/thld_a_00760 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Brittany Utting, Daniel Jacobs; Featurette: Blockchain Ecologies: Ownership Beyond Extraction. Thresholds 2022; (50): 100–102. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/thld_a_00760 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsThresholds Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2022 Brittany Utting and Daniel Jacobs2022Brittany Utting and Daniel Jacobs Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Extreme weather and electricity markets: Key lessons from the February 2021 Texas crisis

Todd Levin is a principal energy systems engineer in the Center for Energy, Environmental and Economic Systems Analysis (CEEESA) at Argonne National Laboratory. His research interests focus on utilizing advanced optimization and simulation methodologies to model complex interactions in electricity markets and quantify the implications of domestic energy policies and regulations. He also maintains a strong interest in international energy development, examining optimal centralized and decentralized rural electrification strategies and a range of global energy security issues. Dr. Levin holds a BA in physics from Northwestern University and a PhD in industrial engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology. Audun Botterud is a principal energy systems engineer in CEEESA at Argonne National Laboratory with a co-appointment in Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He analyzes the complex interactions between engineering, economics, and policy in electricity markets, in support of the transition toward a cost-efficient and reliable low-carbon energy system. He is particularly interested in grid integration of renewable energy and energy storage. Audun holds an MSc (industrial engineering) and PhD (electrical power engineering) from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and was previously with SINTEF Energy Research in Trondheim, Norway. W. Neal Mann is a postdoctoral appointee in CEEESA and the Nuclear Science and Engineering Division at Argonne National Laboratory. His research interests include energy system modeling and design, nuclear energy, and energy storage for climate change mitigation and adaptation. He holds a BA in physics and music from Southwestern University and an MSE and PhD in mechanical engineering (nuclear and radiation engineering focus) from the University of Texas at Austin. Jonghwan Kwon is an energy systems engineer in CEEESA at Argonne National Laboratory. His research interests include operations research applied to electric power systems, power systems operations and planning, management of distributed energy resources, and market design and pricing. Dr. Kwon holds a PhD in electrical engineering power system from Arizona State University. Zhi Zhou is a principal computational scientist in CEEESA at Argonne National Laboratory. His research interests include optimization, machine-learning-based forecasting, decision making under uncertainty, and applications to power grid, electricity markets, renewable energy, and the interdependency between power grids and other infrastructure systems. Zhi Zhou received his BE in computer sciences from Wuhan University, MS in operations research and statistics, and PhD in decision sciences and engineering systems from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

Catherine Murray-Rust. Library Next: Seven Action Steps for Reinvention. Chicago, IL: ALA Editions, 2021. 110p. Paper, $54.99 (ISBN: 978-0-8389-4839-2). https://www.alastore.ala.org/librarynext

Libraries are in a continual state of identity crisis, transforming and reinventing new services and initiatives in an effort to remain relevant. Catherine Murray-Rust argues in Library Next: Seven Action Steps for Reinvention that our institutions need reinvention for “our uncertain future” (viii). Whether libraries need to be reinvented remains to be decided, but Murray-Rust makes her case. She provides advice on how libraries can successfully navigate and implement large-scale change. As the recently retired Dean of Libraries at the Georgia Institute of Technology, Murray-Rust gives seven actionable directions for libraries seeking to transform themselves.

Surveillance-to-Diagnostic Testing Program for Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections on a Large, Urban Campus in Fall 2020.

Six months into the COVID-19 pandemic, college campuses faced uncertainty regarding the likely prevalence and spread of disease, necessitating large-scale testing to help guide policy following re-entry. A SARS-CoV-2 testing program combining pooled saliva sample surveillance leading to diagnosis and intervention surveyed over 112,000 samples from 18,029 students, staff and faculty, as part of integrative efforts to mitigate transmission at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Fall 2020. Cumulatively, we confirmed 1,508 individuals diagnostically, 62% of these through the surveillance program and the remainder through diagnostic tests of symptomatic individuals administered on or off campus. The total strategy, including intensification of testing given case clusters early in the semester, was associated with reduced transmission following rapid case increases upon entry in Fall semester in August 2020, again in early November 2020, and upon re-entry for Spring semester in January 2021. During the Fall semester daily asymptomatic test positivity initially peaked at 4.1% but fell below 0.5% by mid-semester, averaging 0.84% across the Fall semester, with similar levels of control in Spring 2021. Owing to broad adoption by the campus community, we estimate that the program protected higher risk staff and faculty while allowing some normalization of education and research activities.

The Accurate Measurement of Students’ Learning in E-Learning Environments

The ultimate goal of E-learning environments is to improve students’ learning. To achieve that goal, it is crucial to accurately measure students’ learning. In the field of educational measurement, it is well known that the key issue in the measurement of learning is to place test scores on a common metric. Despite the crucial role of a common metric in the measurement of learning, however, less attention has been paid to this important issue in E-learning studies. In this study, we propose to use fixed-parameter calibration (FPC) in an item response theory (IRT) framework to set up a common metric in E-learning environments. To demonstrate FPC, we used the data from the MOOC “Introduction to Psychology as a Science” offered through Coursera collaboratively by Georgia Institute of Technology (GIT) and Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in 2013. Our analysis showed that the students’ learning gains were substantially different with and without FPC.

AdaptNet: Human Activity Recognition via Bilateral Domain Adaptation Using Semi-Supervised Deep Translation Networks

This study demonstrates robust human activity recognition from a single triaxial accelerometer via bilateral domain adaptation using semi-supervised deep translation networks. Datasets were obtained from previously published studies: University of Michigan (Domain 1) and Georgia Institute of Technology (Domain 2) where triaxial accelerometry was obtained on subjects during defined conditions with the goal of recognizing standing rest, walking (level ground), walking (decline), and walking (incline) with and without stairs (activity classes). Collected accelerometer data was preprocessed then analyzed by AdaptNet, a deep translation network composed of Variational Autoencoders and Generative Adversarial Networks trained with additional cycle-consistency losses to combine information from two data domains over shared latent space. Visualization and quantitative analyses demonstrated that AdaptNet successfully reconstructs self-domain wavelet scalogram inputs and generates realistic cross-domain translations. We found AdaptNet provides up to 36 percentage points (0.75 compared to 0.39) better classification performance measured by average macro-F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> score compared to the existing domain adaptation methods when a small amount of labeled data is provided for both domains. AdaptNet yielded more robust performance than other methods when the sensor placements are different across two domains. By enabling improved ability to fuse datasets with scarce and weak labels, AdaptNet provides valid recognition of real-world locomotor activities, which can be further utilized in digital health tools such as status assessment of patients with chronic diseases.

The need for a portfolio of solutions rooted in common messaging to facilitate negative emissions science

The need for a portfolio of solutions rooted in common messaging to facilitate negative emissions science

The Role of Nanoscale Science for Advancing Batteries.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEViewpointNEXTThe Role of Nanoscale Science for Advancing BatteriesMatthew T. McDowell*Matthew T. McDowellG. W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States*Email: [email protected]More by Matthew T. McDowellhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-3456Cite this: Nano Lett. 2021, 21, 15, 6353–6355Publication Date (Web):July 22, 2021Publication History Published online22 July 2021Published inissue 11 August 2021https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02395Copyright © Published 2021 by American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2092Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (575 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Degradation,Electrochemical cells,Batteries,Nanoscale,Materials Get e-Alerts

Next Generation Immunotherapies – Emerging Strategies for Immune Modulation against Cancer, Infections, and Beyond

Next Generation Immunotherapies – Emerging Strategies for Immune Modulation against Cancer, Infections, and Beyond

Commentaries on Viewpoint: Fragile bones of elite cyclists: to treat or not to treat?

Commentaries on Viewpoint: Fragile bones of elite cyclists: to treat or not to treat?

A Tribute to Ajit Yoganathan's Cardiovascular Fluid Mechanics Lab: A Survey of Its Contributions to Our Understanding of the Physiology and Management of Single-Ventricle Patients.

Among patients with congenital heart disease, those born with only a single working ventricle represent a particularly complex sub-population, typically requiring multiple surgeries and suffering from high levels of mortality and morbidity. Their cardiac care is complex and has evolved considerably since surgical palliation was first introduced more than 50 years ago. Improvements in treatment have been driven both by growing clinical experience and by knowledge gained through experimental and computational studies of blood flow in these patients. The Cardiovascular Fluid Mechanics Lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology, founded 30 years ago by Dr. Ajit Yoganathan, has pioneered work in this field. In this review, key contributions of Dr. Yoganathan's Cardiovascular Fluid Dynamics Lab are surveyed, including experimental flow loop studies as well as computational fluid dynamics analyses that address many of the critical challenges that cardiologists and surgeons face in treating these patients, including how to reconstruct cardiovascular anatomy to minimize power loss, balance blood flow distribution at key bifurcation points, and avoid other unfavorable hemodynamic conditions. Among many contributions in this field, work from the Cardiovascular Fluid Mechanics Lab has led to novel medical devices and patient-specific computational modeling workflows and software tools. These key contributions from this group have enhanced our understanding of the physiology and management of single-ventricle patients.

Icy microneedles transport cells across skin

A new microneedle patch offers a cool way to deliver therapeutic cells across skin. Microneedles made of ice with suspended cells frozen in the tips penetrate skin before melting and releasing the cells. Microneedles have been successfully used to deliver a variety of drugs, often with their payloads dissolved in liquid that seeps through the skin penetrations made by the needles. Delivering cells with microneedles has required drying and then reconstituting cells, which doesn’t work well for mammalian cells. Or delivery has involved hollow microneedles, which sacrifice some of the advantages of other types of microneedles, says Mark R. Prausnitz, an expert on microneedle drug delivery at the Georgia Institute of Technology. To address these problems, Chenjie Xu of the City University of Hong Kong and coworkers made microneedles of ice to preserve cells and deliver them through skin ( Nat. Biomed. Eng. 2021, DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00720-1 ). Such devices could

Application of Dempster–Shafer Networks to a Real-Time Unmanned Systems Risk Analysis Framework

Unmanned aerial systems (UASs) are continuing to proliferate. Quantitative risk assessment for UAS operations, both a priori and during the operation, are necessary for governing authorities and insurance companies to understand the risks and properly approve operations and assign insurance premiums, respectively. In this paper, the problem of UAS risk analysis and decision making is treated through a novel application of Dempster–Shafer (DS) networks using auto-updating transition matrices. This method was motivated by the results of the 2018 UAS Safety Symposium held at the Georgia Institute of Technology, which was conducted as part of the research detailed in this paper. The paper describes training a DS network based on simulated operation data, testing the capabilities of the trained network to make real-time decisions on a small UAS against a baseline system in a representative mission, and exploring how this system would extend to a more inclusive UAS ecosystem. Conclusions are drawn with respect to the research performed, and additional research directions are proposed.

Susan A. Odom

Susan A. Odom, 41, died April 18 in Lexington, Kentucky. “Susan A. Odom was an innovative and passionate researcher developing new chemistries for energy storage. Her commitment to excellence is documented by 54 papers (9 cited more than 100 times; 1 cited more than 800 times) and her receipt of a Rising Star Award. She collaborated widely and had six active grants when she died. She was a committed educator and displayed courage and integrity in championing change for good. She was supportive of her students and colleagues, coordinating countless events, including scientific symposia and the Faculty Women’s Sanity Club. With Susan’s passing, we have lost a light.”—A.-F. Miller, J. DeRouchey, and E. Glazer, friends and colleagues Most recent title: Associate professor of chemistry, University of Kentucky Education: BSc, chemistry, University of Kentucky, 2003; PhD, chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008 Survivors: Mother, Janice To recognize your late loved one

Building Entrepreneurial Confidence

The Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) has developed a course, Technology Entrepreneurship, that combines the process-oriented strengths of engineering with entrepreneurial skills. Entrepreneurial education is not just for students who hope to create their own company. It is also for those who want to succeed as intrapreneurs-engineers working within a company to develop innovative products or services. Our goal is to provide the necessary foundation of vocabulary, knowledge, skills, and experience to succeed as an entrepreneur or intrapreneur.

Pressing challenges in halide perovskite photovoltaics—from the atomic to module level

Carlo A.R. Perini is a post-doctoral researcher at Georgia Institute of Technology, Energy Materials Lab. His studies focus on the development and understanding of interface passivation of 3D metal halide perovskites using vapor deposition routes. He has a PhD in Physics at Politecnico di Milano, in collaboration with the Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), focused on the study of energy efficient, scalable, and environmentally friendly deposition routes for lead halide perovskites. Tiarnan A. S. Doherty is a PhD student in the Cavendish laboratory at the University of Cambridge working on nanoscale structure property relationships in metal-halide perovskites. He received the gold graduate student award at the Fall Materials Research Society meeting. Samuel D. Stranks is a University Lecturer in Energy and Royal Society University Research Fellow at the University of Cambridge. His group's research focuses on the optical and electronic properties of emerging semiconductors for low-cost, transformative electronics applications including light-harvesting (e.g., photovoltaic) and light-emission (e.g., LED) devices. He received the 2018 Henry Moseley Award and Medal from the Institute of Physics, the 2019 Marlow Award from the Royal Society of Chemistry, and is a co-founder of Swift Solar, a startup developing lightweight perovskite PV panels. Juan-Pablo Correa-Baena is an Assistant Professor and Goizueta Junior Faculty Chair in the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology. His group focuses on the understanding and control of electronic dynamics at the nanoscale for low-cost semiconductors, such as halide perovskites. He completed his PhD at the University of Connecticut, followed by a postdoctoral fellowship at EPFL, Switzerland, then a US Department of Energy postdoctoral fellowship at MIT, USA. Robert L. Z. Hoye is a Lecturer (Assistant Professor) at Imperial College London. He leads the Energy Materials and Devices group, which is working on developing defect-tolerant semiconductors and their application in optoelectronic devices. This includes tandem photovoltaics, indoor solar cells, and light-emitting diodes. Robert has received the Young Engineer of the Year Award from the Royal Academy of Engineering, the Sir Henry Royce Medal from the Institution of Engineering and Technology, and the Rising Star Award from the Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology.

The Impact of I-Corps on Accelerating Venture Discontinuation in a Southeastern US University

Abstract This study contributes to the literature on accelerators which focuses on private sector accelerators by providing an analysis of an accelerator in the public sphere that works with early-stage, science-driven applications, the National Science Foundation’s Innovation-Corps (I-Corps) program. The methodology is based on a comparison of the ability of the services delivered through the I-Corps program to teams at the Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) to speed their venture project discontinuation decisions over and above those of researchers receiving baseline commercialization services only. We find modest evidence that the I-Corps program helped Georgia Tech I-Corps teams make faster decisions to discontinue venture projects. The total savings of quicker I-Corps project discontinuation are estimated at more than $3.6 million over the 8-year observation period.

Vernon Morris

Vitals Hometown: 10 cities (US Air Force brat) Education: BS, Morehouse College, 1985; PhD, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991 Current position: Director, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, and professor of chemistry and environmental sciences, Arizona State University Book that made an impact on him: The Souls of Black Folk , by W. E. B. Du Bois. It allowed me to better understand American culture and society, put into words many of my experiences and thoughts, and revealed that Black people had possessed this deeper insight for centuries. Best professional advice he’s received: Trust in yourself, but put in the work to justify that trust. There’s a whole hidden molecular world floating around above our heads, and atmospheric chemist Vernon Morris is determined to demystify it. Morris, previously a professor at Howard University and now a director at Arizona State University’s New College