Geopolymer Concrete Mix Research Articles

A study on development of pavement quality geopolymer concrete for low volume roads

The world's rural roads are extensively interconnected with all conventional OPC (Ordinary Portland cement) concrete roads and with little traffic. The main ingredient in concrete pavements is ordinary Portland cement which has serious environmental issues like CO2 emissions during the production. A replacement for traditional cement-based concrete is available in the form of geo-polymer concrete (GPC). The current work mainly emphasis on the mix development of Fly Ash (FA)-Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) based GPC for rigid pavements application in low volume concrete roads (LVCR). The study consists of preparing GPC mixes with total of 8 combinations comprising GGBFS and fly-ash as binders (GGBFS-40% and 50% replacement to FA), two different alkaline solution/binder ratio (As/Bi = 0.45 and 0.50) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions of 8 and 10 Molarities with a constant proportion of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is 2.5 by 1. All the specimens were kept under outdoor curing only. The guidelines by IRC:SP:62-2014 recommended that the characteristic compressive strength of concrete at 28 days used to pave ruralcountry roads be at least 30 MPa, while the 28 days flexural strength should not be less than 3.8 MPa. From the experimental study it was noticed that, when the GGBFS content and NaOH molarity increases, the mix’s workability is getting reduced and mechanical properties were improved significantly whereas when the As/Bi increases from 0.45 to 0.50, the mix workability increases and also mechanical properties too. And also concluded that, the FA-GGBFS based GPC mix for low volume concrete roads is attained with GGBFS content 40% to 50% replacement for fly ash and NaOH Concentration of 10 M with a binder content of 400 kg/m3 at an As/Bi ratio of 0.45 and 0.50 are adequate to meet the requirements for low volume concrete road standards.

Experimental studies on strength and durability of alkali activated slag and coal bottom ash based geopolymer concrete

This thesis work describes the experimental evaluation of the durability and strength properties of nominally mixed conventional concrete of grade M35, Alkali Activated Slag Based Geopolymer Concrete. Research on Rapid Chloride Permeability Test (RCPT) durability properties has been conducted. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium Chloride (NaCl) must be mixed in a 2.5:1 M ratio and at molarities of 12 and 16, respectively, in order to make alkali activators, with dry curing and open-air curing serving as distinct curing regimes. NaOH concentrations of 12 M and 16 M were used to make nine distinct mixes, one of which was designated as the control mix. Then, these mixtures were cured at room temperature in the open air. Prior to the testing day, they were maintained at room temperature after a 24-hour dry curing procedure at 90 °C in a hot air oven. Each of the nine mixes underwent split tensile and flexural strength and durability testing after 90 days. Compressive strength tests are conducted at 28, 56, and 90 days. The results show that tensile strength increases as NaOH solution concentration decreases, but compressive and flexural strength increase as NaOH solution concentration increases. However, it was discovered that the Geopolymer concrete made from Alkali Activated Slag and Coal Bottom Ash (CBA) did not perform well in tests of water fast chloride penetrability because surface cracking predominated. When compared to the results of the control mix, the Alkali Activated Slag and Coal Bottom Ash (CBA)-based geopolymer concrete mix shows a superior improvement in strength measures than standard concrete. At this time, it seems that making geopolymer concrete costs less than regular concrete.

Study on Mechanical and Durability Characteristics of Sustainable Geopolymer Concrete

Abstract: The concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased quickly as a result of anthropogenic activities that cause global warming. To solve this issue, Portland cement-free geopolymer concrete is created by using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as the primary binder and micronized biomass silica (MBS) in varying proportions in composition of GGBS. The outcomes of this experimental investigation demonstrate the mechanical properties and robustness of geopolymer concrete. In the creation of MBS, rice husk is utilized. Besides from compression, flexural, split tensile strength, and elastic modulus testing, further measurements of water absorption, water sorptivity and rapid chloride permeability test were also carried out. It is found that a geopolymer concrete mix with 10% MBS and 90% GGBS as a binder had the best strength and durability. Also, the compressive strengths of each geopolymer concrete mixture exceeded the required design strength. This experimental investigation shows the possibility of employing MBS as a binder raw material in the production of geopolymer concrete.

Investigating the fresh and mechanical properties of wood sawdust-modified lightweight geopolymer concrete

Geopolymer concrete has developed as a potential alternative to ordinary Portland cement-based concrete, wherein various industrial by-products have been converted as beneficial spin-offs. Apart from appropriate compressive strength in the construction sector worldwide, the durability, sound absorption, thermal conductivity, and weight of concrete are also major concerns. Lightweight geopolymer concretes have gained attention because of their superior strength, durability, lower environmental impact, and sustainable characteristics. In this view, the current study examined the feasibility of using sawdust as a natural fine and coarse aggregate substitution in fly ash (FA)-granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) based geopolymer concrete. Four mixes with a different percentage of sawdust (25, 50, 75, and 100) substituting natural aggregate were designed to examine the effects of sawdust on fresh and hardened features of geopolymer concrete compared to those conventional FA-GBFS-based geopolymer concrete with natural aggregate. Sodium silicate (NS) and sodium hydroxide (NH) (with NS/NH ratio of 0.75) were utilized to dissolve the alumina silicate from FA and GBFS. Informational models were developed using an experimental dataset to estimate the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete mix designs. Besides, using the weight of the developed network, a global sensitivity (GS) analysis was developed to identify the sensitivity of compressive strength to the waste sawdust content. Test results confirmed that by substituting natural aggregate with 100% sawdust, there was around a 35% decrease in compressive strength. Nevertheless, the sound absorption coefficient was increased by an average of 38% in frequencies range between 1800 and 2500 HZ, and thermal conductivity decreased by around 4.5 times once the natural aggregate was substituted by 100% sawdust.

Preparation and validation of sustainable metakaolin based geopolymer concrete for structural application

Geopolymer is one of the trending research areas in composite materials; there are many areas in geopolymer that unexplored still need to be explored. In this paper, an attempt is made to explore such an area and develop high-performance concrete. The optimal percentage of slag and activators, such as potassium and calcium hydroxide ratio, were investigated in metakaolin-based geopolymer. At ambient conditions, alkaline to binder (A/B) ratios of 0.25, 0.35, and 0.45 were used to cast the different proportions of geopolymer concrete at ambient conditions when tested at 7, 28, and 90 days. The fresh, mechanical properties, probability, matrix andsmoothening plot for modulus of elasticity of geopolymer were investigated. Ishikawa diagram,which signifies cause-and-effect factors of geopolymer concrete is discussed. Geopolymer was observed to have medium workability and mechanical properties and showed excellent results compared with traditional concrete at 30 % slag usage at a 0.35 ratio of A/B. At 30 % of GGBS, geopolymer concrete optimum mix maximum strength was observed.trix Matrix, and smoothening analysis show that linear relationships vary among the parameters used for analyses.

Durability Performance of Geopolymer Concrete of Various Strength

Geopolymers, primarily composed of fly ash, have proved an excellent substitute for ordinary portland cement (OPC) in terms of sustainability and productivity. In order to determine the geopolymer concrete's (GPC) resistance to chemical assaults and water permeability, it is necessary to obtain geopolymer concrete (GPC) of varying strengths after normal curing. The objectives of the research was to test the durability performances of the GPC of various strength under normal curing and investigating the optimum strength based on durability testing of the GPC. For this research, different type of cement-to-fly ash ratio was used for various strength data. The appropriate mixture was conducted by using the trial mix method in order to obtain better accuracy of the results data during the mixing design process. To satisfy the varied strength designs, a small proportion of OPC is added to the GPC mixture as part of the mix design. After 28 days of curing, this durability testing is undertaken after the concrete has reached its maximum strength. The compressive strength test and weights were performed and compared to the GPC mix design at 60 °C after heat curing. The 8% OPC replacement has greater resistance to sulfate attack, saltwater exposure, and water permeability compared to the 6% and 7% OPC alternatives. Consequently, the experiment reveals that the GPC's durability and strength increase as the percentage of OPC increases.

High quality geopolymer concrete by using binder nano metakaolin

Iraqi Metakaolin was used to produce geopolymer mortar and concrete with high specifications. To convert Kaolin to Metakaolin, the De-hydroxylation process was carried out by burning Kaolin at 700°C. Metakaolin was crushed and ground by a ball mill to obtain the Metakaolin at the nanoscale. The large specific surface area of total nanoparticles gives unique properties during their interaction with an alkali-activated solution to form the geopolymer. Nano metakaolin geopolymer mortar mixtures were manufactured entirely according to specification ASTM C109/C109M-16a with different concentrations of alkaline solution (8 - 10 - 12 – 14) molarity. Through mortar test, it was noted the best result of geopolymer at 12 molarity, gives the advantage of dissolving alumina and silica nanoparticles to forming a geopolymer with high specifications. The highest rate of compressive strength of geopolymer mortar is 73 MPa. But in the geopolymer concrete mix with other nanomaterials replaced as a percentage by weight of the nano metakaolin binder, where incorporated (3%) nano-glass blended with (0.01%) carbon nanotube to observe the superior compressive strength reached 74.7 MPa. The effect of freezing and thawing has been, and no effect on compressive strength. During the water absorption test, observed that the absorbance is close to 1.7 %. The main benefit of the total binder nano metakaolin geopolymer is no heat treatment is used for the polymerization process and obtaining high specifications due to the effectiveness and high pozzolan effect of nanomaterials leads to improving compressive strength and other durability properties.

Experimental modal analysis of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete specimens via modal circles, mode indication functions, and mode shape animations

The polymerization process of geopolymer concrete is entirely different from the hydration process of ordinary Portland cement concrete. Therefore, it is necessary to re-examine this new material's engineering properties from the ground up. To date, researchers have investigated many engineering properties, but in the whole literature, the available information about the modal characteristics is minimal. Additionally, since the evaluations in the literature are made only on the A ratio (sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio), no significant relationship has been reported between damping and activators. So, this study is conducted to draw attention to this gap in the literature and examine the effect of fundamental geopolymer concrete component ratios on modal characteristics. For these purposes, large-scale heat-cured low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete mix variations are produced and investigated by performing experimental modal analysis via the advanced modal circle method and mode indication functions. It is found that individually analyzing the total amount of water from the activators and the pure chemical dosages provides more meaningful results than the traditional A ratio. According to the analysis from this perspective, increasing the dosage of pure sodium silicate in the mixture generally increases the damping; on the other hand, it decreases the resonance frequency and dynamic elasticity modulus. Obtained findings of this study reveal some of the methods and benefits of appropriately designing this sustainable material against dynamic loads.

Properties of modified metakaolin-based geopolymer concrete with crumbed rubber waste from damaged car tires

Waste rubber tires are materials that have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, it is essential to use waste rubber recycled from damaged tires (CRWA) in geopolymer concrete (GPC) by different partial volumetric replacements to natural coarse aggregate (0, 10, 20, 25%) after preparation to a gradation similar to that for natural coarse aggregate. Calcium oxide and silica fume were substituted in metakaolin (MK) at 5 wt%. The GPC mix consisted of MK after modification, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate sodium hydroxide solution, sodium silicate solution, superplasticizer, and extra water, with quantities of 372, 911, 83, 192, 4, and 52 kg/m3, respectively. It is clear from the experimental results that the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete decreased with the increase in the content of the crumbed rubber waste aggregate. The compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strengths decreased by approximately 38.6, 44.6, and 52.6%; 10.6, 15.2 and 21.2%; and 6.25, 12.75, and 16.5% when the crumbed rubber aggregate was 10, 20 and 25%, respectively. In addition to recycling the rubber waste from damaged tires, desirable properties can be obtained, starting from not using water in curing GPC and rapid strength development at early ages. There is a clear improvement in the thermal properties and weight of GPC containing CRWA by reducing the thermal conductivity and dry density by including 10, 20, and 25% CRWA compared with the reference GPC without this waste material.

A comparative cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of geopolymer concrete produced from industrial side streams in comparison with traditional concrete

Traditional concrete production is a major contributor to global warming. Industrially produced geopolymer concrete is a viable substitute to limit the negative impacts of concrete production. Thus, this study developed novel geopolymer concrete mix designs using industrial side streams, such as bark boiler ash, construction and demolition waste (CDW), fibre waste, and mine tailings. A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was conducted to evaluate the potential impacts of these different geopolymer concrete (GPC) mix designs in comparison with traditional concrete. The results showed that industrial-based geopolymer concrete with lower amounts of sodium silicate and metakaolin exhibited better environmental performance. Specifically, a 10 % reduction in metakaolin content reduces the global warming impact by 16 % compared with traditional concrete. The processing and curing of industrial waste for concrete formulations has an environmental impact of less than 1 %. From a sustainability perspective, the environmental performance of geopolymer concrete produced from industrial side streams can be further improved by increasing the concentration of recycled waste in the concrete mixes. In addition, the effective use of industrial side streams can improve the waste management, sustainability, and strength of concrete.

Strength parameters of flyash based geopolymer concrete: An analytical approach

Concrete is a high strength material when compared to the other construction materials. The condition of the concrete means its mix and proportion will give good strength to the construction. The durable nature will give the long life to the construction. In India as per the temperature and monsoon conditions most of the constructions are being constructed using concrete. For this the ingredients required for the concrete like fine and coarse aggregates and cement usage is most required. When the requirement is more means it is decreasing the river and mine sources. It is being affecting the environment by digging the river basins and mining. To overcome this situation a partial replacement of materials is to be initiated. This study's methodology involves substituting fly ash for cement and polymers in order to reinforce concrete. M25 Grade of concrete is chosen for this approach and the geo polymer concrete is supposed to find out its strength characteristics by conducting Compression strength Tests. The 150*150*150 mm Prepared cube moulds are casted for cement concrete mix design and Geo polymer concrete mix design. Geo-polyemer concrete is a novel concept in the construction industry, however so far it has been tested mostly in academic settings. Managing the heat of hydration that concrete produces ushers in a new age and a revolution. The cubes were water cured and oven dried for cement concrete and geo polymer concrete cubes. The comparative test results have shown the suitable usage for various construction works.

Enhancement of the Mechanical Properties of a Geopolymer Concrete Due to Chemical and Microstructural Interaction of the Binder Material

Many experimentation and researchers were made in the recent decades in concrete and advancement in the field of concrete technology were given a major focus. In the years of research, many new replacement materials were identified and further details studies over the materials were made to have a clear and better idea about the material. In this study, the binder which is to be cement basically is replaced with a combination of Alccofine-1203(A), Metakaolin (MK), and Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag (GGBS) in different ratios to arrive a geopolymer concrete mix. In addition, the study also focuses on the chemical interaction of the replacement material and its microstructure interaction. The liquid binder (l/b) ratios varied between 0.48 to 0.54, and about seven geopolymer concrete mixes were arrived and experimental investigation done for mechanical property. The maximum compressive strength obtained from the mix proportions G50M35A15 at an l/b ratio of 0.50 was taken as a mix design for the Geopolymer mix. The identified combination of Granulated Blast-furnace Slag, Metakaolin, Alccofine-1203 (GMA) is used for further study. In general, when finer particles were replaced or added to the material, the finer particle will reduce the voids and thereby increasing the strength of the concrete by developing a denser material combination. Experimentally, results proves that there is a significant hike in the mechanical behaviour of the concrete. The microstructure investigation is carried out through SEM analysis and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) which indicated a good interlocking characteristics of the materials which inturn directly impacts the mechanical properties of the concrete.

Design of Low Alkali activator Geopolymer Concrete Mixtures

<p class="Abstract">This paper presents the results of research on the design of geopolymer concrete mixes. The main objective of this research is to develop an efficient and easy design of low-alkaline activator geopolymer concrete mixture, which until now has been the biggest obstacle in the use of geopolymer concrete. The variables reviewed were the amount of alkaline activator was quite low at 4%, room temperature and 60oC ratio of alkaline activator/fly ash (AAS/FA) were 0.35, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6. The test results show the parameters of geopolymer concrete with low alkali activator 4%, sodium silicate/sodium hydroxide ratio 2.5%, sodium hydroxide molarity 14M, type F fly ash and the discovery of the relationship model of compressive strength and the ratio of alkali activator/fly ash with a very high correlation as basic development of geopolymer concrete mix design. The design of the geopolymer concrete mix developed is easy because it is application-based and efficient because it only requires 4% alkaline activator.</p>

Experimental and Artificial Neural Network-Based Study on the Sorptivity Characteristics of Geopolymer Concrete with Recycled Cementitious Materials and Basalt Fibres

The environmental concerns regarding the production of the most widely consumed cement construction material have led to the need for developing sustainable alternatives. Using recycled industry waste products such as fly ash and slag via geopolymerisation has led to the development of geopolymer cement—an efficient replacement for ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Adopting geopolymer cement and concrete as a construction material reduces greenhouse gas and promotes the recycling of waste products. This study explores the suitability of a unique geopolymer concrete mix made of recycled cementitious materials including industry waste products such as fly ash, micro fly ash and slag for use in aggressive environments. Sorptivity tests are conducted to assess the durability of concrete and indicate the cementitious material’s ability to transmit water through the capillary forces. This study thus reports on the sorptivity characteristics of a newly developed self-compacting geopolymer concrete and two other fibre geopolymer concrete mixes containing 1% (by weight) of 12 mm- or 30 mm-long basalt fibres. The addition of basalt fibres indicated less water absorption and moisture ingress than the mix without fibres. The study used 18 specimens from three geopolymer concrete mixes, and the results showed that adding fibres improved the durability performance in terms of resistance to moisture ingress. Finally, an artificial neural network model is developed to predict the absorption rates of geopolymer concrete specimens using MATLAB. The prediction models reported excellent agreement between experimental and simulated datasets.

Development of High-Strength Geopolymer Concrete Incorporating High-Volume Copper Slag and Micro Silica

The present work investigates the mechanical and chemical characteristics and durability of high-strength geopolymer concrete (HSGPC) developed using high-volume copper slag and micro silica. The objective of the study was to explore the feasibility of deploying high-volume copper slag as a replacement for river sand in the fabrication of high-strength geopolymer concrete. In total, 11 different trials were cast by varying copper slag up to 100% as a potential alternative for the river sand. The mixture of alkaline activators for the preparation of the geopolymer concrete (GPC), such as sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (12 M NaOH), was used in the ratio 2.5:1. The optimum mix was selected from different copper slag dosages based on the characteristics of the HSGPC, such as mechanical strength and workability. For the selected optimized mix, micro silica was added up to 5% by volume of the binder (i.e., 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%) to improve the particle packing density of the developed HSGPC mix which in turn further enhances the strength and durability properties. Two different curing methods, including (a) ambient curing and (b) steam curing at 80 °C, were deployed for achieving the polymerization reaction (i.e., the formation of Na-Al-Si-H gel). Experimental outcomes reveal a maximum compressive strength of 79.0 MPa when 2% micro silica was added to the optimized GPC mix. In addition to the mechanical tests, the quality of the developed HSGPC was assessed using the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests, water-absorption tests, sorptivity tests and microstructural analyses.

Exemplification of sustainable sodium silicate waste sediments as coarse aggregates in the performance evaluation of geopolymer concrete

This investigation presents the experimental studies on mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete (GPC) developed with the addition of sodium silicate waste sediments (SSW) as coarse aggregates. Conventional crushed granite coarse aggregate (CA) was replaced by SSW from the sodium silicate manufacturing plant. The GPC was developed by replacing the natural CA with SSW from 0% − 70% with a trend in exercising circular economy in the concrete. The GPC with 100% CA was used as the control specimen to compare the results of different replacement levels of SSW. A low calcium Fly ash (FA) and Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) were used as binder materials, along with sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions as activator solutions. The sodium hydroxide of 4 M and sodium hydroxide to sodium silicate ratio of 1:1.5 were used in the development of the mixes. Two types of curing conditions namely, ambient and oven curing were adopted. The M30 grade design mix was used for control and CA replaced specimens. The mechanical properties such as compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths along with the elastic modulus of GPC at the ages of 7-, and 28-day were investigated. Microstructural analysis was conducted to examine the influence of SSW on the strength characteristics of GPC. The analyses were performed to evaluate the energy requirement and CO2 emission of GPC and OPCC (Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete) in the production of 1 m3 concrete based on the previous literature. The significance of the proposed research work emphasizes the utilization of waste SSW as an aggregate material for the development of GPC. Therefore, a sustainable GPC mix can be developed with lower energy requirement and CO2 emission. The results revealed that the specimens with 40% SSW cured at 60 °C produced the targeted strength of 34.6 MPa. Meanwhile, the mixes with 40% − 70% of SSW exhibited superior performance in terms of cost and eco-efficiencies.

Experimental Investigation on Fresh and Hardened Properties of High Calcium Flyash Based Geopolymer Concrete

The most important cause of the climate changes in the past few decades are due to the emission of CO2.It may be due to human or natural processes such as disposal of waste material from the thermal power plant, consuming natural resources or production of cement etc. Due to increase in infrastructure created the demand of more construction industries. Increasing importance of environmental protection and energy storage has led to the investigation of alternative binders to replace the cement. Geopolymers are an alternative binder for cement concrete production because of their superior mechanical properties. In the present investigation, for developing the Geopolymer concrete (GPC), high calcium fly ash is used as an alternative binder with Na2SiO3 and NaOH as alkaline liquids. Fresh and hardened properties of GPC are examined by appropriate experiments. Alkaline liquid to High calcium Fly ash ratio (AL: HCF) of 0.45, 0.55,0.6 and 0.65 are used with 8M of NaOH and the developed GPC is kept in ambient curing for 7 days, 28 days, and 56 days. It was observed that with an increase of AL to HCF ratio in the fresh GPC increased the workability of GPC. Increase of AL to HCF ratio in GPC mix increased the compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength up to a certain limit.

The impact of alkaline solution to fly ash ratio with different molarities of sodium hydroxide on self-compacted geopolymer concrete

This study article examines the effect of changing the alkaline solution to flash ratio on the strength and workability of a self-compacted geopolymer concrete mix, including fly ash. To create geopolymer concrete mixes, a ratio of alkaline solution to fly ash of 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 is utilized, while the ratio of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) to sodium hydroxide (NaOH) remained constant at 3. A sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) mixer with three sodium hydroxide molarities (10 M, 12 M and 14 M correspondingly) has produced the alkaline solution. The specimen was cured at 80 degrees Celsius for 24 h and kept at room temperature until testing. The experimental results suggest that when the ratio of alkaline solution to fly ash increases, the workability of geopolymer concrete rises, but the compressive strength falls. Therefore, “alkaline Solution to Fly Ash ratio” of 0.6 to 0.7 is most likely recommended for self-compacting concrete mixing and hardening property of fresh geopolymer concrete. Additionally, it is demonstrated that increasing the sodium hydroxide dose decreases the workability of fresh concrete but increases the compressive strength.

Behavior of reinforced concrete beams cast with a proposed geopolymer concrete (GPC) mix

Behavior of reinforced concrete beams cast with a proposed geopolymer concrete (GPC) mix

Engineering properties of Self-cured Geopolymer concrete binded with supplementary cementitious materials

The majority of recent research has been on creating substitutes for traditional portland cement concrete, which uses an excessive amount of natural resources and pollutes the environment with carbon emissions. In this sense, Geopolymer concrete is a unique substance that might lessen the negative effects of conventional portland cement production. The features of fly ash-based Geopolymer concrete that was heated to a high temperature have been the subject of several earlier research, although heat curing is another energy-intensive method. In order to provide a thorough understanding of self-cured Geopolymer concrete confined with industrial by-products such as fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag, this study focuses on the engineering properties compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of rupture, density, and ultrasonic pulse velocity, as well as the analysis of test results. The laboratory results on various Geopolymer concrete mix designs compared to portland cement concrete demonstrated that Geopolymer concrete has produced results that are superior to those of conventional concrete. The results of the destructive test were compared to the results of the non-destructive test, which exhibit excellent correlation, and an R2 coefficient value of 0.9801 was obtained.