Geographic Information System Technology Research Articles

Application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Technologies to Assess the Impact of Mining: A Case Study at Emalahleni

This article presents an assessment of the impact of mining activities in the Emalahleni municipality, using GIS and RS technologies. The random forest algorithm was used to classify the land use and land cover in the Emalahleni municipality over a three-decade period (1990–2020). The classifications are settlement, water, mining area, vegetation, and bare land. The majority of the study area was found to be rocky ground, accounting for approximately 60% of the total study area. Change detection maps were created for vegetation and mining to assess the extent of land degradation in the study area over the three-decade period. The findings in this study highlight the importance of understanding the changes in land use and vegetation cover in the study area and its impact on the environment, as well as the local community. It is crucial to develop sustainable land management strategies that ensure that a reasonable balance concerning the economic development activities is achieved, such as mining with environmental management for its long-term viability for future generations. The data presented in this study provides a useful baseline for further research and can inform land-use planning and decision-making processes in Emalahleni.

Environmental Quality Analysis of Settlement Around the Electric Steam Power Plant (PLTU) Palabuhanratu, Sukabumi, West Java

According to the Central Statistics Agency, Indonesia's population growth rate will reach 1.17% in 2022 and will continue to increase exponentially annually. Moreover, the increasing number of population growth leads to several issues, including environmental quality of settlement. This study examined the quality of the environmental settlement around the Electric Steam Power Plant (PLTU) Palabuhanratu. The data used in this study is a combination of open-source data and field survey data. The method used is an interpretation technique (satellite imagery) assisted by geographic information system (GIS) technology with six-parameters, there are settlement density, settlement layout, settlement location, road conditions, building conditions and availability of health facilities. The results of this study are information including settlement quality and recommendations related to the quality of the environmental settlement around the PLTU Palabuhanratu which can be used as input in spatial planning in the Palabuhanratu area for sustainable regional development. Overall, this research shows that the environmental quality of settlements around PLTU Palabuhanratu is dominated by good category. However, it is possible that the quality of settlements will deteriorate in the future because the percentage of population density which almost close to 40%.

Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System To Make Baghdad More Beautiful

The ground of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) has become interesting and attractive with expanding opportunities. It provides critical tools that can be used at various levels to guide decision-making toward long-term sustainability, which in this paper, remote sensing application has used in GIS various fields. These fields such as urban plan city, education, economic development, and natural resource conservation. GIS and remote sensing technology have seen rapid growth over the last decade. This paper presents the most commonly used processing procedures for remotely sensed data, specifically image processing algorithms, as well as the application capabilities of GIS technologies. A study was conducted for the purpose of identify and mapping the temporal variability of land cover types prevalent in Baghdad Governorate using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Because of classified urban areas has increased continuously with time of the shortage and other factors in the category of water bodies over time. For this reason, we first presented processing procedures for remotely sensed data, specifically image processing techniques, as well as the application capabilities of GIS technologies. to reach the develop urban area, given green belt around Baghdad as result, second put the steps of the of urban area plan as show in Figure 1.

Examining rehabilitation access disparities: an integrated analysis of electronic health record data and population characteristics through bivariate choropleth mapping.

Despite efforts to view electronic health records (EHR) data through an equity lens, crucial contextual information regarding patients' social environments remains limited. Integrating EHR data and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology can give deeper insights into the relationships between patients' social environments, health outcomes, and geographic factors. This study aims to identify regions with the fastest and slowest access to outpatient physical therapy services using bivariate choropleth maps to provide contextual insights that may contribute to health disparity in access. This was a retrospective cohort study of patients' access timelines for the first visit to outpatient physical therapy services (n = 10,363). The three timelines evaluated were (1) referral-to-scheduled appointment time, (2) scheduled appointment to first visit time, and (3) referral to first visit time. Hot and coldspot analyses (CI 95%) determined the fastest and slowest access times with patient-level characteristics and bivariate choropleth maps that were developed to visualize associations between access patterns and disadvantaged areas using Area Deprivation Index scores. Data were collected between January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2020. EHR data were geocoded via GIS technology to calculate geospatial statistics (Gi∗ statistic from ArcGIS Pro) in an urban area. Statistically significant differences were found for all three access timelines between coldspot (i.e., fast access group) and hotspot (i.e., slow access group) comparisons (p < .05). The hotspot regions had higher deprivation scores; higher proportions of residents who were older, privately insured, female, lived further from clinics; and a higher proportion of Black patients with orthopaedic diagnoses compared to the coldspot regions. Our study identified and described local areas with higher densities of patients that experienced longer access times to outpatient physical therapy services. Integration of EHR and GIS data is a more robust method to identify health disparities in access to care. With this approach, we can better understand the intricate interplay between social, economic, and environmental factors contributing to health disparities in access to care.

Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems for Precision Agriculture: A Review

Precision agriculture aims to optimize crop production and minimise environmental impacts by using information technology, remote sensing, satellite positioning systems, and proximal data gathering. This review paper examines current applications and future directions of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) for precision agriculture. Remote sensing provides data on crop health, soil conditions, water status, and yield which can guide variable rate applications within fields. Satellite and aerial platforms allow multispectral and hyperspectral imaging for vegetation indices analysis, crop classification, and stress detection. GIS technology integrates these data layers to model and map variations, develop prescription maps, and analyse spatial relationships. Key research frontiers include high-resolution satellite and drone data for within-field analysis, better integration of proximal and remote sensing, online nutrient and yield monitors, real-time prescription modelling, and predictive analytics using machine learning. Adoption continues to increase with better data analytics tools and greater economic returns realized. Remote sensing and GIS provide an integral platform for variable rate technologies, predictive modelling, and data-driven decision-making for precision agriculture.

A review of soil erosion modeling in Nigeria using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model

AbstractSoil erosion is a severe soil degradation problem that endangers the actualization of Sustainable Development Goals. It affects agricultural production by reducing soil fertility via topsoil translocation, leading to soil quality deterioration. A review of soil erosion modeling using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model shows that Nigeria lags behind other developing countries like Ethiopia despite the massive improvements provided by remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technologies. Fewer than 50 articles were found on the Google Scholar search engine that used the RUSLE model for empirical studies on soil erosion. Only four research articles were found on the ScienceDirect website. Additionally, there were differences in the findings from studies across Nigeria. Such disparities were due to differences in the approaches used to estimate key factors in the RUSLE model. Therefore, we recommend that the Ministries of Agriculture and Environment take soil erosion research seriously by adopting proactive soil conservation and management measures. Ensemble models can be used including machine learning approaches rather than focusing mainly on structural intervention. In addition, there should be a harmonized look‐up table for the cover management factor and conservation practices factor that fairly represent the various ecoclimatic regions. The limitations to the model's use are highlighted, and a way forward is suggested.

THE USE OF GIS TECHNOLOGIES IN THE MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF LAND RESOURCES

This article explores the utilization of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technologies in the management and monitoring of land resources. GIS has emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing spatial data, facilitating informed decision-making, and enhancing resource management practices. This article provides an overview of the key components of GIS technology and its applications in land resource management. By leveraging spatial data and analytical tools, GIS enhances decision-making processes, supports sustainable land use practices, and contributes to the conservation and sustainable development of land resources on a global scale.

THE USE OF GIS FOR ECOLOGICAL AND LANDSCAPE LAND MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS

The issue of forming an analytical and informational base for management decisions in the field of land affairs is particularly relevant given the global trend of systemic social transformations. It requires active implementation of the latest information technologies. The study aims to comprehensively analyze the aspects of using geographic information systems (GIS) for ecological and landscape land management of human settlements. The research was carried out using general scientific methods of cognition: logical and structural analysis, induction and deduction, comparison, abstraction, specification, generalization, and formalization. The article investigates the basics of GIS and variations of their implementation in the field of land management. It highlights the main provisions and algorithmic structure of the process. The authors described the typical features of modern GIS technologies and their capabilities in the spheres of mapping, monitoring, and other aspects of land management. The main problems, challenges, and achievements of the GIS utilization process are considered. It has been determined that the effective utilization of GIS capabilities is a promising priority area for optimizing the land utilization system. The practical significance of the findings of this paper is manifested in the feasibility of using them in developing suitable programs to improve the efficiency of ecological and landscape land management of settlements. Also, the study's results can be used to form a universal effective model of GIS technologies application during the process of land utilization management.

Integrated Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and GIS techniques based Soil Erosion Susceptibility Mapping in Chite Watershed, Mizoram, India

Soil erosion is a significant form of land degradation that profoundly affects agricultural and ecosystem sustainability. The present study aimed at addressing this issue by developing precise and feasible erosion susceptibility map in Chite watershed, India, using integrated approach combining the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Geographic Information System (GIS). To evaluate erosion susceptibility conditions, multiple causative factors including elevation, slope, drainage density, distance from streams, land use / land cover, rainfall intensity, normalized difference vegetation index, lithology, soil texture and lineament density were selected. These factors and their sub-classes were prioritized by AHP method based on their relative influence on soil erosion. Subsequently, the calculated AHP weights were utilized for generating a spatial dataset of soil erosion susceptibility through GIS technology. Accuracy assessment by the area under the ROC curve (AUC) reveals considerably acceptable results for the predicted map when compared to erosion inventory, producing an accuracy level of 0.812 (81%) and 0.922 (92%) for erosion and non-erosion points respectively. Thus, the present study manifests the efficiency of integrating the AHP and GIS techniques for erosion susceptibility mapping in the Chite watershed and this may serve as a valuable tool for sustainable land management and erosion control.

Design and application of VRGIS 3D simulation system for power grid soil and water conservation

Under the development trend of economic globalization, the rapid development of social economy and science and technology provides a new direction for the research of soil and water conservation technology in power grid. As an organic combination of geographic information system and virtual reality technology, VRGIS not only continues the basic functions of traditional spatial data storage and processing, but also has the unreal interface of virtual reality technology, building a new platform for the construction and management of smart grid in the new era. Therefore, after understanding the research status of smart grid construction, this paper mainly studies the design and application measures of 3D simulation system for water and soil conservation of power grid according to the application advantages of VRGIS technology in smart grid management, so as to provide an effective basis for the development of smart grid.

Detection of Population Density, LULC Variation and Cross-Regional Similarities Using K-Means Clustering Algorithm in Istanbul Example

In this study, the effect of urban sprawl on land change in Istanbul was examined using Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies and the CORINE Land Cover (CLC) data set produced for the years 1990-2018 and population information. According to this; It has been determined that urban sprawl in the study area has increased due to population growth, especially industrial units, city structures, mines and construction sites have increased by approximately 9%, while maquis areas, arable, mixed agricultural areas and forest areas have decreased by 9%. According to the K-means application, similarities in the districts were revealed between 1990 and 2018. According to the results obtained, it was determined that the districts that were in clusters with similar characteristics in the 1990s changed over time and were located in different clusters. As a result, it is predicted in the study that urban sprawl will increase further due to population growth in Istanbul.

Application and Assessment of GIS Technology in Flash Flood Risk Management

This paper aims to explore the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology in the risk management of flash flood disasters and its role in safety assessment. Initially, the article briefly introduces the basic principles and functionalities of GIS technology, as well as how it can be effectively used in the monitoring, analysis, and prediction of flash flood disasters. Subsequently, the paper delves into the key applications of GIS in the risk assessment of flash floods, including the identification of disaster-prone areas, classification of risk levels, and planning of response strategies. The article also emphasizes the advantages of GIS technology in integrating multi-source data, achieving dynamic monitoring, and enhancing the efficiency of emergency response. Finally, through an analysis of existing research, the paper points out the potential and future directions of GIS in the field of safety evaluation of flash flood disasters. This study aims to provide more effective technical support and decision-making references for the risk management of flash flood disasters.

A Systematic Review of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Agriculture for Evidence-Based Decision Making and Sustainability

The aim of this study was to consolidate current information on the utilization of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) in the agricultural sector, with a focus on their role in promoting evidence-based policies and practices to enhance agricultural sustainability. Additionally, this review sought to identify the challenges hindering the widespread adoption of GIS and RS applications, particularly in low- and middle-income nations. This study employed the methodology of systematic literature review. The findings indicate that the utilization of GIS technology in the agricultural sector has experienced a notable increase over the past few years. The primary areas of use for GIS that have been identified encompass crop yield estimation, assessment of soil fertility, monitoring of cropping patterns, evaluation of drought conditions, detection and management of pests and crop diseases, implementation of precision agriculture techniques, and management of fertilizer and weed control. GIS technology possesses the capacity to augment the sustainability of agriculture by incorporating the spatial aspect of agricultural practices into agricultural policies. Furthermore, the potential of GIS in facilitating evidence-based decision making is expanding. Given the escalating peril of climate change on agriculture and food security, there exists a heightened imperative to include GIS into policy formulation and decision-making processes to enhance the sustainability of agricultural practices. The findings of this study might be beneficial in informing the development of policies that effectively integrate sustainable and climate-smart practices in agriculture.

Evaluating the variation characteristics of ecological resilience along expressways in developing countries: the case of the Phnom Penh-Sihanoukville Expressway in Cambodia.

Expressway construction has caused a significant threat to the ecological environment in developing countries, and therefore the variation characteristics of ecological resilience along the expressway in developing countries are of major importance. This empirical study focuses on a typical area within a 2-km range of the Phnom Penh-Sihanoukville Expressway in Cambodia and uses remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) technology to analyze the variation characteristics of ecological resilience along the expressway. The results of the study reveal that due to the construction of expressways, the land use types transferred into or out of the land use types increase and furthermore the land use types show a trend of decreasing natural attributes and increasing human attributes. It is found that expressway construction has an observed effect on the transfer rate of the center of gravity of land use type, and the direction of the center of gravity shifts in the direction of expressway construction. The impact of construction on the ecological resilience of the western region with higher vegetation coverage was higher than that of the eastern region with higher urbanization. The research develops a theoretical evaluation model based on land use type of the variation characteristics of ecological resilience along the expressway, which can be used to enable the sustainability of expressway construction and maintain the regional ecological environment.

Study of assessment and monitoring of pastures land areas in hills based on GIS technologies (case study Southern Uzbekistan)

In this study, we have undertaken a comprehensive exploration of vegetation monitoring and biomass assessment in the mountainous and sub-mountainous regions of southern Uzbekistan, leveraging the capabilities of Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies and remote sensing data. Our research has focused on the critical analysis of biomass levels during the primary plant season, as well as continuous plant monitoring. Our methodology involved the utilization of Landsat 9 satellite image data, further analyzed through the application of two essential vegetation indices, namely the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Soil- Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI). One of the key objectives of our investigation was to assess the potential for extrapolating the biomass model for plant cover using GIS technologies. This extrapolation aims to extend our understanding to encompass the period of continuous vegetation coverage monitoring. The combination of GIS, remote sensing data, and advanced vegetation indices serves as a powerful framework for gaining insights into the dynamics of plant growth and biomass variations. Such research not only enhances our understanding of the ecological landscape but also provides valuable information for sustainable land management and agriculture practices in the region

GIS technologies for assessing hydroecological state of rivers in the Aral sea basin

This article analyzes the results of a study on the difficulties and possibilities of using information technology to support the adoption of novel approaches in hydroecology and hydropower. Additionally, it examines the advancement of geographic information systems (GIS) for hydroecological and hydro-technical monitoring and their utilization as educational tools for students. Researching the utilization of information systems to develop environmentally friendly approaches for managing hydraulic infrastructure. The paper centred on the present subject of developing GIS systems for hydro-ecological monitoring, which are valuable tools for improving the information systems of the Aral Sea basin. Furthermore, it assists in optimizing models to create ecologically sustainable approaches for utilizing hydrotechnical constructions. Utilizing the amalgamation of findings from many scientific studies inside a single GIS database may be both feasible and advantageous, serving as a versatile instrument for modeling. An illustration of this methodology may be seen as a unified system where the amalgamation yields outcomes: the water-salt balancing system across all rivers in Uzbekistan. The digital mapping system and schemes are used to build ecologically sustainable methods for operating hydraulic and hydroelectric plants in Uzbekistan. The Aral Sea basin monitoring system (ASBMS) is a computerized system that uses ArcView to monitor the hydroecological quality of surface waters in the Aral Sea basin. Keywords: ecological situation, hydroecology, hydroecological maps, GIS technology, Aral Sea basin.

Spatiotemporal Siltation Patterns in Moroccan Dam Reservoirs: A Geographic Information System Approach

Siltation of dams appears as an urgent global concern, especially in arid and semi-arid regions concerned by the challenges of managing their limited water resources. These challenges worsen by the increase in water demand driven by population growth, aggravated by the adverse effects of climate change, in particular the siltation of dam reservoirs. This article focuses on the spatiotemporal analysis of the accumulation of sediments in Moroccan dam reservoirs. The methodology involves the collection, verification, correction, and interpolation of bathymetric data, which are organized and visualized in temporal and spatial dimensions using a dedicated Geographic Information System (GIS). The spatial distribution maps generated facilitate the identification of the area most severely impacted by the siltation of dams. The analysis emphasizes that siltation affects all Moroccan watersheds, with a particular emphasis on the Moulouya watershed due to the characteristics of its soil and its arid climate, further aggravated by heavy rainfall and deforestation. This integrated approach, combining bathymetric data with GIS technologies, improves our understanding of dam siltation in Morocco. The results provide valuable information for decision-makers and water resource managers, providing essential information for strategic planning and the implementation of measures to mitigate the impact of siltation.

Towards sustainable food crop production: Drivers of shift from crop production to mining activities in Ghana's Arable Lands

This study contributes to the observed reduction of arable lands discourse by examining the shift in land use patterns as well as factors influencing farmers' shift from crop production to mining activities. To achieve this, we employed a combination of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and Cragg's Double Hurdle Econometric Model as analytical tools. Our approach integrates an econometric model of land use with GIS simulations that predict the spatial pattern of land-use change. The results revealed that crop production lands have been converted into artisanal small-scale mining (galamsey) sites, a development which has implications on food security, life on land and effective utilizations of land and water resources. The results also showed that membership in Farmer-Based Organizations (FBOs), access to credit, and low yield of food crops influenced farmers to shift from crop production to participate in mining activities. In addition, the extent of participation in mining was influenced by family size, membership in FBOs, and low crop yield. While mining operations offer substantial economic benefits, it is crucial to strike a balance between land use for mining activities and food crop production. This is because it has the potential to worsen recent hikes in food prices and subsequently leading to rising inflation rates in Ghana. Our findings have implications on achieving multiple SDGs, viz. SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and SDG 15 (Life on Land) as minimizing illegal mining helps increase food production as well as protect water bodies and land. We therefore suggest that government should take steps to make credit accessible to farmers by collaborating with financial institutions and also collaborate with Crops Research Institutes to develop high-yielding crop varieties. Future research could focus on exploring the impact of participating in mining activities on the profitability of food crop production in Ghana.

Quantitative assessment of personal risk during storm surge disaster

Storm surge is the most severe marine disaster in China, threatening the lives of coastal residents. Quantitative assessment of personal risk is an important prerequisite for identifying risk areas and designing emergency strategies. This paper aims to propose an economical and efficient quantitative assessment method for personal risk under storm surge disasters, including the assessment of the affected population and emergency relocation population, as well as their number and distribution. Remote Sensing products and Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies are used to form a technical framework, including the method of inundation scenario construction and personal risk assessment, which is realized by GIS spatial analysis. Based on the technical framework, the personal risk caused by “Hato” in Guangdong was assessed. The results show that the affected population is concentrated in the Pearl River Delta and dispersed in surrounding cities. The number of the affected population is assessed as 1,032,455, with an accuracy of 91.48%. The emergency relocation population is concentrated in the coastal areas of Guangzhou, Dongguan and Zhuhai, which have high population density and are far from the safety or partial safety zone. The number of the emergency relocation population is assessed as 199,973, with an accuracy of 87.25%. “Hato” verified that this method is economical, efficient, and accurate. It is expected to enrich and develop the theories and methods of personal risk assessment.

Study on the historical landscape evolution of the core reserve of Guangfu Ancient City based on computer simulation

Abstract In the conservation of the historical landscape within the Guangfu Ancient City Core Protection Area, traditional descriptions via drawings and textual narratives often exhibit subjective biases. To address this, a theoretical model for the historical architectural landscape has been developed to objectively measure and characterize the spatial patterns and morphologies of the landscape. This study introduces Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) techniques, utilizing spatial weights and spatial correlation measures as primary analytical tools. Additionally, meta-cellular automata are employed to simulate the spatial and temporal evolution of the historical landscape. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies have been leveraged to establish a spatial database and facilitate the visualization of the historical landscape’s evolutionary processes. This integrated model and technological approach enable a detailed analysis of the architectural landscape characteristics and the spatial structure’s evolution within the study area. The findings reveal distinct spatial distribution characteristics, with an undulation index ranging from 5 to 20 and a predominant index over 7, accounting for 15.67% of the land. Based on these insights, the study proposes strategic interventions to safeguard the historical integrity of Guangfu Ancient City’s core conservation area.