Genetic Values Research Articles

Investigation of genetic diversity among autochthonous grape cultivars grown in Türkiye using molecular primers

AbstractGrape is a type of fruit widely grown globally and in Türkiye thanks to its importance in human nutrition and diversity of usage areas. Türkiye has a long history of grape cultivation, and the genetic diversity of local grapes grown in some regions has still not been revealed. This study showed the genetic diversity between 60 local grape genotypes selected from north Central Anatolia and nine reference grape cultivars;10 inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and 7 inter-primer binding site (IPBS) retrotransposon primers were used. The mean values of genetic diversity indices in ISSR and IPBS retrotransposon primers were calculated as expected allelic frequency (p) 0.476/0.195, observed allelic frequency (q) 0.524/0.805, number of effective alleles (Ne) 1.326/1.378, Shannon’s information index (I) 0.308/0.367, expected heterozygosity (He) 0.199/0.232 and unbiased expected heterozygosity (uHe) 0.201/0.234, respectively. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and model-based STRUCTURE analysis divided the studied germplasm into two groups. However, local genotypes were not grouped per the regions where they grew. As a result of the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis, the inter-population variation was determined to be 11%, and the intra-population variation was determined to be 89%. The mean genetic differentiation value (Fst) between populations was 0.303. The results showed that ISSR and IPBS retrotransposon primers effectively explained the genetic diversity.

Description of a new species of Phoxinus from the Ergene River (Aegean Sea Basin) in Türkiye (Actinopterygii, Leuciscidae)

Phoxinus radeki, a new species, is described from the Ergene River (Aegean Sea Basin). It is distinguished from Phoxinus species in Türkiye and the adjacent area by having the scales of the breast, scaled but separated unscaled area anteriorly, short dark rectangular blotches along the lateral line between the lateral line and belly yellowish in both males and females, body depth dorsal fin origin 16–21% SL, caudal peduncle depth 8–10% SL. Additionally, molecular results demonstrated that the new species differed from its closest congeners with a mean genetic distance value of 3.08% (min. 2.82–max. 3.29) and moderately support values in cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene partial sequences (1064 bp.). Further, the species delimitation analysis identified the new species as a single MOTU independent of other Phoxinus species.

Anti-predator defences are linked with high levels of genetic differentiation in frogs.

Predator-prey interactions have been suggested as drivers of diversity in different lineages, and the presence of anti-predator defences in some clades is linked to higher rates of diversification. Warning signals are some of the most widespread defences in the animal world, and there is evidence of higher diversification rates in aposematic lineages. The mechanisms behind such species richness, however, are still unclear. Here, we test whether lineages that use aposematism as anti-predator defence exhibit higher levels of genetic differentiation between populations, leading to increased opportunities for divergence. We collated from the literature more than 3000 pairwise genetic differentiation values across more than 700 populations from over 60 amphibian species. We find evidence that over short geographical distances, populations of species of aposematic lineages exhibit greater genetic divergence relative to species that are not aposematic. Our results support a scenario where the use of warning signals could restrict gene flow, and suggest that anti-predator defences could impact divergence between populations and potentially have effects at a macro-evolutionary scale.

GENETIC EVALUATION FOR SEED YIELD AND ITS COMPONENT TRAITS IN SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.) USING LINE × TESTER APPROACH

Sunflower is a vital oilseed crop, but yield improvement remains a major objective. Exploring germplasm and exploiting non-additive gene action can help overcome yield limitations and identify superior parental lines and crosses for hybrid development through GCA and SCA. Four parental lines (A-1, A-2, A-3, and A-4) were crossed with three testers (B-1, B-2, B-3) in a line × tester fashion to generate F0 seeds. These seeds were planted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicate plots in the field to ensure unbiased results. Data on various growth and yield parameters is collected and analyzed using Analysis of variance and combining ability analysis. Lines A-3 and A-4 and tester B-3 demonstrated consistently positive GCA effects for several traits, signifying their broad genetic value for hybrid development. The hybrid A-4 × B-1 emerged as the top performer, exhibiting exceptional SCA effects in days to flowering, seed yield per head and height of the plant, indicating exceptional compatibility between these parental lines. Lines A-3 and A-4 displayed significant positive GCA effects for key parameters like head diameter and seed yield. Tester B-3 also contributed to enhanced yield traits in hybrid combinations. Lines A-3 and A-4, tester B-3, and hybrid A-4 × B-1 emerged as promising parents for sunflower hybrid development due to their superior GCA and SCA effects. These findings offer valuable resources for future breeding programs that enhance sunflower yield and productivity.

Effects of maternal antral follicle count in Bos taurus indicus cattle on the genetic merit of male offspring and antral follicle count of female offspring

This study evaluated the effects of antral follicle count (AFC) in female cattle on offspring characteristics. Recently calved multiparous Bos indicus cows (Nelore; n = 222) were evaluated using ultrasonography on random days of their estrous cycle to determine the AFC and were classified into “low” (≤15 follicles), “intermediate” (≥16 and ≤ 29 follicles), and “high” (≥30 follicles) AFC groups. Weight and scrotal circumference (SC) of male offspring from these cows (n = 127) were determined from 20 to 27 months, and the data were added to a genetic evaluation program (economic total genetic merit, MGTe and TOP value) that uses the kinship matrix to evaluate the genetic relationship between animals. The AFC of female offspring from these cows (n = 95) was evaluated to analyze the relationship between the AFC of mothers and daughters. The effects of maternal AFC on the genetic merit of male and female offspring were analyzed using GLIMMIX and GLM, respectively. Correlations were assessed using the Pearson's coefficient. Male offspring of cows with high AFC had superior MGTe (P = 0.005) and TOP values (P = 0.01) than those from cows with low AFC. Additionally, the AFC of mothers was positively correlated with MGTe (R = 0.33; P < 0.0001) and negatively correlated with TOP values (R = −0.32; P < 0.0001). The SC (P = 0.01), but not body weight of the offspring (P = 0.46) was affected by maternal AFC. The daughters' AFC were correlated (R = 0.29; P = 0.004) with mothers' AFC and were influenced by maternal (P = 0.05) but not paternal (P = 0.77) effect. In conclusion, cows with high AFC produced males with greater MGTe, superior TOP values and higher SC. Maternal AFC did not influence the weight of male offspring but was correlated with the AFC of daughters.

Molecular diversity of Pseudoscorpiones in southern High Appalachian leaf litter.

The Pseudoscorpiones fauna of North America is diverse, but in regions like the southern Appalachian Mountains, they are still poorly documented with respect to their species diversity, distributions and ecology. Several families have been reported from these mountains and neighbouring areas. Here we analyse barcoding data of 136 specimens collected in leaf litter, most of them from high-elevation coniferous forest. We used ASAP as a species delimitation method to obtain an estimation of the number of species present in the region. For this and based on interspecific genetic distance values previously reported in Pseudoscorpions, we considered three different genetic Kimura two-parameter distance thresholds (3%/5%/8%), to produce more or less conservative estimates. These distance thresholds resulted in 64/47/27 distinct potential species representing the families Chthoniidae (33/22/12 species) and Neobisiidae (31/25/15) and at least six different genera within them. The diversity pattern seems to be affected by the Asheville Depression, a major biogeographic barrier in this area, with a higher diversity to the west of this geographic feature, particularly within the family Neobisiidae. The absence of representatives from other families amongst our studied samples may be explained by differences in their ecological requirements and occupation of different microhabitats.

Population structure, dispersion patterns and genetic diversity of two major invasive and commensal zoonotic disease hosts (Rattus norvegicus and Rattus tanezumi) from the southeastern coast of China.

Background: The invasive brownrat (Rattus norvegicus) and the Oriental rats (Rattus tanezumi) are common commensal murid that are important hosts for rodent-borne diseases in southeast Asia. Understanding their population structure and genetic diversity is essential to uncover their invasion biology and distribution dynamics that are essential for controlling rodent-borne diseases. Methods: TA total of 103 R. norvegicus and 85 R. tanezumi were collected from 13 to 9 coastal areas of six provincial monitoring sentinel sites, respectivelyto assess patterns in their microsatellite loci and their mitochondrial coxl gene region. Results: Eleven sampled populations of R. norvegicus were divided into two major clusters by region. The observed heterozygosity values of all regional populations were smaller than expected genetic diversity heterozygosity values and deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium Nine sample populations of R. tanezumi were divided into three clusters; two that included sample from Hainan and Fujian provinces, and one that included samples from the other provinces and cities. The genetic diversity of R. tanezumi was highest in samples from Jiangsu and Guangdong provinces. Conclusion: The data in this paper confirm the two invasive rodent species from the southeastern coastal region of China may have relied on maritime transport to spread from the southern region of China to the Yangtze River basin. R. tanezumi may then hanve migrated unidirectionally, along the southeastern provinces of China towards the north, while R. norvegicus spread in a complex and multidirectional manner in Hainan, Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces of the country.

Updates on Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris: A Scoping Review.

Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is a rare, inflammatory papulosquamous skin disease with unknown exact etiology. Historically, PRP has been challenging to diagnose, especially during the acute phase, and to treat, due to its unclear pathogenesis. To better inform clinical practice, a literature review was conducted employing a broad search strategy to capture PRP-related published studies between January 1, 2012 to October 31, 2022. Two hundred twenty-one studies were identified, which were categorized into 9 themes: (1) potential causes and triggering factors, (2) comorbidities, (3) diagnostic difficulties, (4) genetics, (5) clinical manifestations and laboratory values, (6) treatment, (7) treatment-related adverse events, (8) quality of life, and (9) other. COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 vaccination, and malignancy were the most commonly reported potential triggering factors. Misdiagnosis is very common during the early acute stages. Pathogenesis and genetic studies have further implicated caspase recruitment domain family member 14 (CARD14) mutations in the development of familial PRP (Type V) and have underlined the overlap between psoriasis and PRP. To date, there are currently no specific and validated scoring systems or tools to assess the severity of PRP. While large, randomized trials are still lacking, biologic agents remain the most effective therapy.

Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of Asterothamnus centraliasiaticus Novopokr. (Asteraceae: Asterothamnus)

Asterothamnus centraliasiaticus Novopokr., a species of perennial deciduous semi-shrub within the family Asteraceae, has excellent medical, economic, ecological and genetic value. In this study, the chloroplast genome of A. centraliasiaticus was first assembled using Illumina HiSeq2500 sequences. The results indicate that the complete cp genome of A. centraliasiaticus is 152,205 bp in length, and comprises a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 25,031 bp each, a large single-copy (LSC) region of 83,956 bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,187 bp. The GC content of A. centraliasiaticus is 37.3%. A total of 130 genes were successfully annotated containing 85 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA genes. The maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis based on the complete chloroplast genome data highly supported that A. centraliasiaticus was close to Aster lavandulifolius. These results will provide significant genetic information for the germplasm protection and reasonable development.

Inclusão de conhecimento prévio em modelos bayesianos para avaliação genética no melhoramento de soja

Abstract The objective of this work was to compare the use of noninformative and informative priors in Bayesian models, as well as to evaluate the viability of including informative priors in the estimation of variance components and genetic values in soybean breeding programs. The used phenotypic data refer to the evaluation of 80 soybean genotypes in ten environments over three years. For each evaluated crop year, informative and noninformative priors were used, and the parameters were estimated using the Gibbs sampler algorithm. Parameter estimates from the previous crop year were used as prior information for the next evaluated crop year. The goodness-of-fit was calculated using the deviance information criterion (DIC). Selective accuracy showed the highest values for the models chosen through DIC for both crop years. However, the intervals of the highest posterior density are narrower for all models that adopted informative priors. Adding information into Bayesian inference does not always result in a better model fitting.

Co-expression of prepulse inhibition and Schizophrenia genes in the mouse and human brain

Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder with genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Accumulating rare and genome-wide association study (GWAS) common risk variant information has yet to yield robust mechanistic insight. Leveraging large-scale gene deletion mouse phenomic data thus has potential to functionally interrogate and prioritize human disease genes. To this end, we applied a cross-species network-based approach to parse an extensive mouse gene set (188 genes) associated with disrupted prepulse inhibition (PPI), a Schizophrenia endophenotype. Integrating PPI genes with high-resolution mouse and human brain transcriptomic data, we identified functional and disease coherent co-expression modules through hierarchical clustering and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). In two modules, Schizophrenia risk and mouse PPI genes converged based on telencephalic patterning. The associated neuronal genes were highly expressed in cingulate cortex and hippocampus; implicated in synaptic function and neurotransmission and overlapped with the greatest proportion of rare variants. Concordant neuroanatomical patterning revealed novel core Schizophrenia-relevant genes consistent with the Omnigenic hypothesis of complex traits. Among other genes discussed, the developmental and post-synaptic scaffold TANC2 (Tetratricopeptide repeat, ankyrin repeat and coiled-coil containing 2) emerged from both networks as a novel core genetic driver of Schizophrenia altering PPI. Aspects of psychiatric disease comorbidity and phenotypic heterogeneity are also explored. Overall, this study provides a framework and galvanizes the value of mouse preclinical genetics and PPI to prioritize both existing and novel human Schizophrenia candidate genes as druggable targets.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОВ И АЛГОРИТМОВ РЕДУКЦИИ НЕЧЕТКИХ ПРАВИЛ В МОДЕЛЯХ ОЦЕНКИ ДИСКРЕТНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ОБЪЕКТОВ

The article describes the stages and results of the study of methods and genetic algorithms used to reduce fuzzy rules in models for assessing the discrete state of objects. Such models are fuzzy knowledge bases and fuzzy logical inference algorithms. A study was conducted of the influence of the parameter values of genetic algorithms on the results of reduction of the initial and intermediate knowledge bases (on the reduction of the number of rules in the knowledge bases and on the values of classification quality metrics). The following stages of research were implemented: selection of data sets from publicly available sources, formation of research knowledge bases, study of the influence of genetic algorithm parameter values on the results of knowledge base reduction, analysis of research results and development of recommendations for choosing optimal values of genetic algorithm parameters to achieve the best reduction results. Data for analysis was obtained from the public source UCI Machine Learning Repository. The selected sets are: Iris, Banknote Authentication and User Knowledge Modeling. To create research knowledge bases, the software package “Neuro-fuzzy system for generating fuzzy models for assessing the discrete state of objects” was used. Based on the analysis of the Iris data set, 3 research knowledge bases were formed, including 269, 339 and 542 fuzzy rules. For the Banknote Authentication data set, corresponding knowledge bases with 335, 643 and 1038 fuzzy rules were generated. For the User Knowledge Modeling set - with 877, 2094 and 2797 rules. For each of the knowledge bases, the values of the classification quality metrics Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F1-Score were calculated on the training and test samples. The reduction of knowledge bases was carried out in two successive stages, at each of which the corresponding genetic algorithm was used. Based on the results of the research, recommendations were developed for choosing the optimal values of the parameters of each of the genetic algorithms. The reduction of research knowledge bases based on the developed methods and algorithms made it possible to significantly reduce the number of their fuzzy rules (by an average of 85%) and at the same time slightly increase the generalizing ability of fuzzy models (by an average of 1.5%). In general, this made it possible to reduce the complexity of fuzzy models and their constituent knowledge bases, increase the accuracy of estimating the discrete state of objects and improve the interpretability of the generated solutions.

Structure, diversity, and genetic delimitation of two Magnolia species endemic to eastern Mexico

Abstract In Mexico, Magnolia species of the section Macrophylla have been segregated based on phenotypic characteristics. However, the wide environmental variation throughout their distribution area in the eastern region of the country could be the main cause of the high degree of morphological variation among the taxa of this section. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out studies at the genetic level to confirm the taxonomic identity of these species. In the present study, the diversity and genetic structure of the populations of Magnolia rzedowskiana and M. zotictla were estimated using simple sequence repeat markers. We evaluated whether the taxonomic delimitation as independent species is consistent with their degree of genetic differentiation, comparing three regions of chloroplast DNA: trnH-psbA, ORF350, and rpl32-trnL. The DNA was obtained from four populations of the two species, which are distributed in the states of Hidalgo, Querétaro and San Luis Potosí. The populations presented intermediate–high genetic diversity (He = 0.52–0.60), limited gene flow (Nm = 0.62) and high genetic differentiation (Fst = 0.288), which may be related to their low density and strong geographic isolation, caused by the high degree of fragmentation of their habitat. The phylogenetic analysis and the genetic differentiation values indicate that each of the populations of the two Magnolia species analyzed behaves as an independent evolutionary unit, so the taxonomic delimitation of the three M. rzedowskiana populations must be reconsidered. The results obtained could be very useful for implementing management and conservation strategies for these populations in the short term.

Morphological and molecular data on Pseudozoogonoides ugui Shimazu, 1974 (Digenea: Microphalloidea: Zoogonidae) ex Pseudaspius hakonensis (Günther, 1877) and taxonomic problems in Zoogoninae genera.

New morphological and molecular data were generated for trematodes recovered from the intestines of the fish Pseudaspius hakonensis from two locations in the south of the Russian Far East. Morphologically, these trematodes are identical to Pseudozoogonoides ugui (Microphalloidea: Zoogonidae) from Japan. According to results of phylogenetic analysis based on 28S rDNA sequence data, P. ugui was closely related to Zoogonoides viviparus, and P. subaequiporus appears as a sister taxon to these two species. Genetic distance values, calculated based on both 28S rDNA and ITS2 rDNA, between P. ugui and Z. viviparus represents an interspecific differentiation level. Our results have an ambiguous explanation, indicating that the implication of the presence of one or two compact vitellarial aggregations for the differentiation of Zoogonoides and Pseudozoogonoides should be reconsidered or that our results open up the question of the taxonomical status of trematodes previously denoted as Z. viviparus and P. subaequiporus.

DNA Barcoding of Nematode Parasites Infecting Ompok bimaculatus and Nemacheilus anguilla From Barvi Reservoir, Maharashtra

In the present study, the DNA barcoding of the nematode parasite infecting Ompok bimaculatus and Nemacheilus anguilla fish species was carried out in Barvi Reservoir, Maharashtra. To ascertain the taxonomic status of these nematode parasites, an 18S gene marker was used. Accurate identification of fish parasites is essential to formulate preventive strategies and to study host–environment relations. The present study did barcoding of the nematode parasites of the fishes caught from the Barvi Reservoir using the nuclear 18S rDNA (SSU) sequence. The nuclear 18S rDNA (SSU) was amplified into two overlapping amplicons and sequenced to identify the species based on the sequence similarity with the NCBI GenBank database. The present study sequences (both fragments) showed 98% similarity with the species of Eustrongylides. The average genetic distance value between the present study sample and species of Eustrongylides was 0.003. In the phylogenetic tree also, the sequence was clustered with the species of Eustrongylides with significant bootstrap values. The present study identified the nematode parasite of the fish caught from the Barvi Reservoir, as species of Eustrongylides. The species‐level identification could not be possible due to the insufficient/lack of reference sequences in the database. It indicates the knowledge gap concerning the species‐specific molecular markers for nematode parasites of the fish.

Estratégias de seleção simultânea de características aplicadas à seleção genômica ampla para identificação de genótipos superiores

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of direct and indirect selection in genome-wide selection (GWS) and to compare multivariate strategies applied to GWS via selection indices. Ten F2 populations with 800 individuals were simulated, considering four traits with different heritabilities. The simulated data were subjected to genomic selection analyses. The five following strategies of selection indices were developed and applied to GWS: weighting of marker effects by residual variance; coding and standardization of marker effects; application of the average to the marker effects; application of the Mulamba &amp; Mock index to genomic genetic values; and coding and standardization of phenotypic values before the GWS analyses. The GWS methods were more efficient than phenotypic selection. The multivariate strategies provide a higher selection efficiency than the direct and indirect phenotypic selections and than the direct and indirect selections based on genomic genetic values and on the phenotypic selection index.

Desempenho de quatro métodos de seleção genômica com uso de diferentes herdabilidades e números de QTL

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate how heritability and the number of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling the trait can influence the prediction of genetic value by genomic selection methods. A prediction equation was established to estimate genetic correlation based on phenotypic correlation, using an F2 population with 1,000 individuals, simulated in different scenarios. Heritability (5, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 99%) and QTL number (60, 120, 180, and 240) varied in each scenario. The following four genomic selection methods were used in the analyses: ridge-regression best linear unbiased prediction (RR-BLUP), genomic BLUP (GBLUP), Bayesian estimation method B (Bayes B), and reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces regression (RKHS). The phenotypic and genotypic predictive abilities were calculated for each method, and Tukey’s test was used to compare means. The effect of heritability and of the number of QTL controlling the trait was evaluated by the regression analysis. Tukey’s test revealed differences between the methods, with Bayes B and RR-BLUP being superior to the others in almost all scenarios. Heritability presents a positive linear relationship with phenotypic predictive ability and a positive quadratic relationship with genotypic predictive ability. The number of QTL controlling the trait has no relationship with the phenotypic and genotypic predictive abilities.

Genetic parameters of sheep growth curve traits reared within rangelands under uncertain paternity.

This work aims to improve the selection program of the Timahdit breed through the use of the parameters of the Von Bertalanffy model as selection criteria and the treatment of uncertain paternity found in pastoral systems. A database containing 12,029 animals and a pedigree file integrating the probabilities of the parents with a total of 48,292 animals were used in the analysis. An individual estimation of the parameters of the model studied by the nonlinear regression procedure Proc NLIN of SAS was carried out, followed by the determination of the fixed effects which influence these parameters by means of a general linear model using the GLM procedure of the SAS software. The treatment of uncertain paternity is solved by an R code translating Average Numerator Relationship Matrix Model (ANRM). Then, the variance and (co)variance components were estimated by a Bayesian approach using the BRMS package. The high heritability values obtained, between 0.52 and 0.55 for the parameters studied, suggest good prospects for genetic responses to selection and the maintenance of sustained genetic progress, especially when environmental conditions are unfavorable. The positive correlations between all the parameters studied show that animals with rapid development tend to have lower weight performance. Finally, with optimal selection based on the genetic values associated with these parameters, we can make the desired changes to the growth curve by choosing breeders that achieve high weight performances as quickly as possible, and that would allow improving the feed efficiency for these animals, as well as increasing the profitability of sheep farms.

Possibilities of Using “BUGA” Named Software for Breeding Value Estimation of Anatolian Water Buffalo Population of Istanbul

In this study, variance components and breeding value estimations of Anatolian water buffaloes were estimated from the data obtained within the scope of community based water buffalo improvement program of Anatolian water buffalo population of İstanbul. The "BUGA" named software, which was started to be developed with the support of Harran University Scientific Research Project Unit (HUBAP) for use in the estimation of (co)variance components and breeding value were used in this study. The BUGA software used in the research can predict genetic and environmental effects together with variance components as Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) with the Restricted Maximum Log likelihood (REML) method. Unlike its counterparts of another software of foreign origin, it has a visual interface. The language of use is Turkish. The dataset includes records such as city, district, village, genealogy information, date of birth, gender, calving date, lactation parity, number of test day milk yield, lactation milk yield and previous calving date of 442 Anatolian buffaloes raised in this population. The records were analysed using the repeatability model with BUGA software and the additive genetic and permanent environmental effects of all animals in the dataset were estimated. Random environment variance, genotypic variance and permanent environment variance values were estimated as 107112.60 kg2, 20045.22 kg2 and 1259.50 kg2, respectively, while heritability (h2) and degree of repeatability (r) were determined as 0.1561 and 0.1659, respectively. The results obtained as an example of case study applied for the possibility of usage the BUGA software in the estimation of genetic parameters and breeding values showed that BUGA software can be easily used in farm recording conditions with the advantage of friendly user features.

STUDY OF PHENOTYPIC AND GENETIC VARIABILITY IN MAIZE CROSSINGS BETWEEN CYCLE I INBRED LINES AND ELITE LINES (CYCLE II)

Maize inbred lines derived from local populations (Cycle I lines) were tested using cycle II elite inbred lines. In the cross system, hybrids have a wide variability for yield (6601-10571 kg/ha), the highest differences between hybrids are due to the non-additive genetic effects; undesirable traits transmitted by cycle I inbred lines are weak resistance to stalk breaking and fallen plants; for the percentage of unbroken plants, the genetic variability is high, the percentage of unbroken plants for simple hybrids has a range value between 65.02% and 89.70%.There were calculated the correlations coefficients between ”per se” values for the correlation of inbred lines from crossbreeding system and additive genetic effects values calculated in the crossbreeding system ”m x n”. Positive correlations were identified between the values per se and the positive genetic effects for yield, ear weight, ear length, numbers of kernels per ear, TKW, kernel depth. These high positive correlation values indicate the possibility to use phenotypic markers in the process of inbred lines creation.