General State Research Articles

МЕТОДИ ОЦІНКИ СТАНУ ТА ДИНАМІКИ РОЗВИТКУ НЕУРЯДОВИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ

The article is devoted to the analysis of common methodologies for evaluating the activities of civil society organizations (CSOs). The main two areas of assessment of the sector of the Romanian society are analyzed, namely, a general assessment of the state of development of CSOs in a certain geographical region, which involves a broad study of the landscape of civil society in a specific country or region, which makes it possible to understand the general state and functioning of the sector and the assessment of the activities of individual CSOs. which focuses on the performance and impact of specific organizations or groups of organizations, allowing for a more detailed and individual understanding of their performance. Generalized stages of general assessment, which can be adapted to different types of research, have been studied and defined. The assessment of the overall viability of the civil society sector in Ukraine during 2018–2022 was carried out using the analysis of the Civil Society Organizations Sustainability Index (CSOSI), the most optimal quantitative indicator for the general assessment of the civil society sector, which showed an improvement in the general indicator of the viability of the civil society sector on average by 3% and its individual aspects. Thus, as of 2021, Ukrainian CSOs are at the stage of «sustainability development», which means a sufficiently high level of viability of the sector, as well as a high potential for development. The state of activity of civil society organizations (CSOs) in Ukraine during the war was studied. The main problems most often indicated by organizations are the need for financing (in particular, administrative costs), insufficient material and technical infrastructure, emotional burnout, shortage of human resources and insufficient cooperation with local authorities. New organizations established in 2022-2023 were the most affected by the financial shortfall, while those established since 2001 were the least affected. In a significant number of organizations, there was a lack of specialized professional positions.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО КАПИТАЛА НА СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ РЕГИОНОВ РФ

This paper reveals the essence of human capital, with the study of its importance both at the macro level and at the micro level. In addition, in the course of writing this paper we analyzed the general state of human capital in each individual region of the Russian Federation. A comparative char-acterization was carried out with the identification of the 10 most developed regions according to the Human Development Index and a similar characterization of the regions with the least degree of develop-ment of the index under consideration. Undoubtedly, the chosen topic of our research is relevant to date. This is primarily due to the fact that human capital serves as a fundamental factor that ensures economic growth and development of competitiveness of both the region and the whole country. In our country, the development of human capital as one of the most important elements in achieving sustainable growth is given a special place, primarily due to the huge variety of natural resources that increase the economic potential of the country. After all, it is human capital that is responsible for improving the quality of life of the population, ensuring economic growth and sustainable development of the economic system. Thus, we can conclude that human capital for our country serves as an important tool to ensure sustainable economic growth and a high level of competitiveness. In our opinion, in order to solve the existing prob-lems in the category under consideration, we need a comprehensive approach, which will include various transformations in the educational sphere, health care and social policy.

Menadžerski aspekti organizacije javnog sektora u Srbiji

S: Management in the public sector represents the basic function of positioning and directing the economic and financial activities of state collectivities, that is, the public sector towards the execution of the set goals and tasks for which they were formed. According to classical understandings, the state should intervene in the economy only when the market mechanism does not contribute to optimally efficient solutions, and limit its interference in the economy to the following areas: preventing monopolistic behavior, neutralizing negative external effects and providing public goods. The functions of state bodies and organizations have a fiscal character. The fiscal character observed in this way primarily refers to the general state sector, and only in part of its competences and through agencies and commercial parts, so that these activities are marked as quasi-fiscal in order to emphasize that the primary activity of these agencies does not have fiscal features.

The general state of water resources in Montenegro

The general state of water resources in Montenegro

Capacity Of The President Of The Republic In Relation To The National Parliament And The Government Of Timor-Leste (2024)

Introduction: The President of the Republic is the Head of State, symbol and guarantor of national independence, the unity of the state and the regular functioning of democratic institutions under the terms of paragraph 1 of article 74 of the CRDTL, the President of the Republic through his constitutional powers provided for in clause F) of article 86 of the CRDTL, with the President of the Republic to dissolve the National Parliament in the event of a serious constitutional crisis that does not allow the formation of the government or the non-approval of the General State Budget.

Mozambique public investment in the water and sanitation sector and the targets of SDG6.

Many developing countries may not reach the targets of providing access to safe water sources and sanitation services for all by 2030. Census data from Mozambique show that the country's population is one of fastest growing in the Sub-Saharan region. Between the 2007 and 2017 censuses more than seven million people were added to the total population. By 2030 about 11 million people will be added to Mozambique's population. This will pose a huge challenge for the water and sanitation services. Access to these services is a fundamental requirement for the wellbeing of individuals and the development of nations. The last data from a Survey on Mozambique Family Budgets (IOF 2019/20), show that 55.7% of a total population has access to safe water sources. In contrast, access to sanitation services (31% of the population), has not kept pace with the progress made in water access. In this study, based on data from the General State Account of Mozambique, which includes the description of the annual investment made by the government and using the results of the Family Budget Surveys, it can be seen that if the average percentage values of public investment of 2009 to 2021 are the same in the following years as regards the water and sanitation sector, Mozambique will not reach the Sustainable Development Goals 6 targets in 2030.

ДІАГНОСТИКА СТАНУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ НЕЧІТКОГО АНАЛІЗУ

The article develops a methodical approach for assessing the overall state of an enterprise, taking into account the conditions of uncertainty in which it operates. It is based on the application of the strategic diagnostics tools, fuzzy set theory and fuzzy multi-criteria analysis. The article identifies the “state of the enterprise” concept. Diagnostics of the state of the enterprise is divided into two stages namely preliminary analysis of the general state of the enterprise and the stage of the direct assessment. We apply classic methods of strategic analysis and competitive analysis at the stage of preliminary analysis of the general state of the enterprise. The stage of the direct assessment is examined in detail. The study introduces a general algorithm for assessing the overall state of the enterprise by means of the fuzzy set theory tools. The algorithm contains seven stages: Stage 1. Establishing an expert group for assessing the state of the enterprise. Stage 2. Decomposition of the state of the enterprise into local components. Stage 3. Applying the Fuzzy AHP method to determine the importance of local components of the state of the enterprise. Stage 4. Decomposition of each local component of the enterprise’s state into assessment indicators. Stage 5. Applying the Fuzzy AHP method to determine the importance of the assessment indicators. Stage 6. Fuzzy assessment of the state of the enterprise by local components using the Fuzzy SAW method. Stage 7. Calculation of the integral assessment of the state of the enterprise applying the Fuzzy SAW method. The article provides a brief description of each of the above mentioned diagnostic stages. It is emphasized that the state of the enterprise is a multi-vector characteristic of the activity of any enterprise. For assessment, the conditional structure of the state of the enterprise is presented in the form of the local components, on the basis of which it is possible to calculate the integral indicator of the state of the enterprise. Considering the fuzziness of the source data, it is advisable to use expert assessments with their translation into triangular fuzzy numbers for assessing the state of the enterprise based on local components. We suggest applying the Fuzzy AHP method to determine the importance of the local components of the state of the enterprise and their assessment indicators and the Fuzzy SAW method to calculate the integral assessment of the state of the enterprise. Special attention is paid to the issues accompanying the process of assessing the state of the enterprise by means of a fuzzy approach. The results of assessing the state of the enterprise (in dynamics) and their interpretation allows the management of the enterprise to develop recommendations and take measures aimed at improving the local components of the state of the enterprise, and as a result, increase the level of the overall condition of the enterprise.

Peculiarities of cryptocurrency regulation in the European Union

The definition of the concept of cryptocurrency (bitcoin) is revealed, which is based on cryptographic methods, and as a rule, its accounting is decentralized. The general state of the crypto market in modern conditions is investigated. The price determinants are substantiated and grouped, in particular: market forces, i.e., supply and demand factors; macro-financial factors; public and investor interest; and news coverage (popularization). The author analyzes the main factors that directly affect the price of cryptocurrencies are attractive to investors and determine public interest in the media. The dynamics of prices for the three most popular cryptocurrencies over the past few years are analyzed. It proves that the price of bitcoin can be influenced by the macroeconomic index and the asset price index. The main reasons for the fall of cryptocurrencies in early 2022 are identified. The market capitalization for 2019–2022 is analyzed. Based on a study of the general situation in the cryptocurrency market, the author reveals significant price volatility due to the general global situation and crisis phenomena that have a negative impact on this market. It is noted that today the legalization of cryptocurrency is one of the most important breakthroughs not only in the global economy but also in Ukraine. A comparative analysis of the capitalization of cryptocurrencies and cryptocurrencies of 2019–2022 is made. The regulation of the cryptocurrency market in the example of the EU is analyzed. The author analyzes the «big breakthrough» in the field of digital governance – the draft law «On Electronic Assets»and defines its purpose. It is substantiated that the draft Regulation is the result of the active spread of cryptocurrencies, which began in 2017 and caused a surge in public and political interest and additional investment in cryptocurrencies. The purpose and main significance of the draft EU Regulation are determined. The categories of crypto assets are defined. It is substantiated that, according to the researchers, the draft EU Regulation is aimed «at ensuring certainty in terms of legal regulation of cryptoassets which are not covered by current EU financial services legislation and at establishing common rules for service providers and issuers at the EU level». It is noted that the draft EU Regulation is intended to address the issues of legal regulation in the field of stablecoin circulation, as well as the activities of Crypto Asset Services Providers (CASPs). The main objectives of the EU Regulation in the field of cryptocurrency regulation are revealed. The author identifies three categories of crypto assets based on the draft Regulation, in particular: asset-related tokens; electronic money tokens; other crypto assets. Conclusions on the peculiarities of cryptocurrency regulation in the EU are provided.

Здравоохранение и народная медицина на Тобольском Севере: взгляд политических ссыльных конца XIX в.

This article, based on memoirs, correspondence and works of political exiles, examines the specifics of medical practice and traditional medicine in the Tobolsk North at the end of the 19th century. The point of view of patients, the dynamics of relations between them and their attending physicians in the context of the harsh natural and climatic conditions of the North and a different sanitary and hygienic culture are analyzed. The problems of alcoholism of doctors, lack of medical personnel, the negative influence of local officials and the neglectful attitude of the tsarist government are studied. Based on historical sources, the features of traditional medicine, witchcraft and shamanism, their significance in the worldview of the local population are considered. In conclusion, the general state of health care and its importance in the daily life of political exiles, the role of provincial authorities in the system of political exile in the North of Western Siberia are assessed.

Прогнозування залишкового ресурсу рейок залізничних доріг

The article is devoted to defining modern methods for assessing the residual resource of railway tracks. Since steel rails are one of the main components of railway transportation, predicting the service life and determining the residual resource of rails are important for ensuring the safe operation of railways. The main sectoral international and domestic regulatory documents have been analyzed, and the general state of the problem has been investigated. It has been estab-lished that the service life of railway tracks is determined mainly by the degree of dynamic loading, the number of initial defects during manufacture, the quality of steel rails, and the in-fluence of climatic and electromagnetic loads. Some methods and approaches to determining the residual resource in the world practice, which are based on experimental laboratory tests for the durability of decommissioned defective rails, have been studied. On the basis of the discov-ered mechanisms for the formation and development of defects, some specific recommenda-tions have been developed in order to increase the operational resource of railway tracks. How-ever, these methods do not take into account the stochastic aspects of the physics of degradation and destruction processes. Therefore, the most effective method for determining the residual resource of various objects is the probabilistic-physical method, which is based on the analysis of the dynamics of the change of the determining parameter. In accordance with the methodolo-gy of DSTU 8646:2016, given the data on the initial, current, and limited missed tonnage in which there are no rail failures, the calculation of the residual resource of railway rails is given. Calculations of the residual resource using the probabilistic-physical method on the example of heat-treated rails of passenger railways and using the relative values of the resource parameter have shown results that correspond to statistical data from the operation. The use of the method based on DM-distribution of failures helps to extend the life of rails and reduce operating costs by optimizing maintenance and repair processes.

Creation of a general state program of national patriotic education. Explanation of the fundamental basics of state security, its essence based on national history and authenticity

Creation of a general state program of national patriotic education. Explanation of the fundamental basics of state security, its essence based on national history and authenticity

Методичний інструментарій оцінювання загального стану підприємства

The aim of the article is to generalize the methodical instruments for assessing the general state of enterprise on the basis of taking into account its multi-vector nature. There is a large array of effective methods of comprehensive analysis and diagnostics of the general condition of the enterprise. Their combination will allow you to get an objective assessment and develop recommendations for optimizing the enterprise’s activities. The paper provides a general overview of methods and techniques for assessing the state of enterprise: SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, SPACE analysis, matrix methods, methods of multi-criteria analysis, graphical methods, methods of expert assessment, methods based on the theory of fuzzy sets, etc. A brief description of some of the presented assessment methods (advantages and disadvantages) is provided. It is noted that the efficiency of assessment of the state of enterprise is increased through the use of methods of fuzzy multi-criteria analysis, which allow the analyst to partially reduce the uncertainty of the original data array. Attention is focused on the problems that accompany the process of assessing the state of enterprise. The relevance of systematic diagnostics of the state of enterprise for control and timely productive response to negative dynamics, determination of strategic directions of development of enterprise is substantiated, since the activity of domestic enterprises currently takes place in conditions of a high level of uncertainty. It is noted that taking into account the multi-vector nature of the indicator of «state of enterprise» is the main prerequisite for conducting an effective assessment of the general state of enterprise, therefore, the identification of structural components of the state of enterprise with possible variation depending on a number of factors requires further research. The combination of classical and innovative methods, in particular fuzzy analysis, provides the analyst with instruments for assessing the state of the enterprise, taking into account its multi-vector nature.

ФАКТОРИ РОЗВИТКУ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ПРИВАБЛИВОСТІ ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ СФЕРИ КРАЇНИ

The article is devoted to the definition and systematization of factors of influence and development on the investment attractiveness of the tourism and recreation industry. The insufficient level of information support reduces the interest of investors in financing tourism in Ukraine. The available information does not fully reflect the development of the industry, which does not stimulate investors. Despite the created legislative framework, complex procedures for harmonizing documents create barriers for investors. Investments are concentrated in the western and southern regions, where tourism is a priority. Economic justification, profitability calculations, payback period and business plan are required to attract investments. The formation of a favorable investment climate requires complex measures to improve the conditions of investors' activity and expand the mechanisms of investment projects. A system of influencing factors on the investment attractiveness of the country's tourism sphere is proposed, including factors reflecting the general state of the country's economy and its social stability; indicators that determine the degree of development and organization of tourist services; factors including assessment of physical infrastructure necessary for tourism development; availability of tourist resources; indicators including the total volume and dynamics of investments in the tourism sphere; factors that determine the legislative and regulatory framework that regulates tourist activity. A set of internal and external factors of investment attractiveness of the tourism and recreation industry is substantiated. Where among the domestic staffing of the tourism and recreation industry; availability of cross-border cooperation in the field of tourism and recreation with neighboring states; the level of technological equipment and the level of expenses and socio-economic indicators of the state's development. External ones include: the political and economic situation in the state; investment attractiveness of the state; guarantees of inviolability of investments; natural resource; and the cultural and historical potential of the state. Taking into account these factors will help to develop effective strategies for attracting investments and developing tourism infrastructure, which will contribute to the overall economic growth of the country.

Inhaled salbutamol intoxication

In the specialized literature, there are few cases of inhaled salbutamol intoxication, being the most used bronchodilator in children’s asthma. We describe the situation of a 15-year-old teenager who inhaled salbutamol, in the context of an asthma attack, with each episode of coughing. At admission, the patient was conscious with a serious general state, afebrile, conscious, psychomotor agitation, tachycardic (heart rate=140/bpm), precordial pain, polypnea, dyspnea, with respiratory effort, hemodynamically stable, blood pressure=130/77 mmHg. Investigations showed hyperglycemia and hypokalemia. After the treatment, the evolution was favorable.

The Effect Of Product And Service Quality On Customer Loyalty Mediated By Customer Satisfaction In Micro Small Business Multi Cipta Semarang

Research located at Toko Multi Cipta Semarang has objectives that are divided into two types, namely the general purpose is to analyze and explain the effect of products and service quality on customer loyalty mediated by customer satisfaction in Micro Small Enterprises Multi Cipta Semarang, and for its special purpose is to analyze and explain: 1) the effect of products on customer satisfaction, 2) the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction, 3) the effect of the product on customer loyalty, 4) the effect of service quality on customer loyalty. 5) the effect of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty, 6) the effect of products on customer loyalty mediated by customer satisfaction, and 7) the effect of service quality on customer loyalty mediated by customer satisfaction . The sample used in this study was 138 people, then given the opportunity to answer questionnaires that would be processed using the SPSS 25.0 application to produce numbers which were then tested for feasibility using validity tests and reliability tests. For data analysis techniques used are multiple regression analysis, model testing and hypothesis testing .The results of the study concluded that: the general conclusion states that customer satisfaction does not mediate the effect of product and service quality on customer loyalty, while the specific conclusion states that: 1) product affects customer satisfaction, 2) service quality affects customer satisfaction, 3) product affects customer loyalty, 4) service quality affects customer loyalty, 5) customer satisfaction affects customer loyalty. Customer loyalty, 6) customer satisfaction does not mediate the effect of the product on customer loyalty, and 7) customer satisfaction does not mediate the effect of service quality on customer loyalty.

ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПОМОЩЬ МЕДИЦИНСКИМ РАБОТНИКАМ В ПЕРИОД ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19 НА ПРИМЕРЕ ВОЛГОГРАДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The scientific studies show that, carrying out professional activities in approximately equal conditions, some medical workers demonstrate pronounced signs of burnout and/or neurotic conditions, while others do not, which is associated not only with predictors, but also with individual factors of medical workers. At the same time, a number of authors emphasize the interdependence of emotional burnout and neurotic states, which indicates the need for their joint research and correction. The purpose of the study is to determine possible ways of psychological correction of emotional burnout and neurotic states of medical workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The methodological tools used were the method of emotional burnout by V. V. Boyko and the questionnaire of neurotic states by K. K. Yakhina, D. M. Mendelevich. It was found out that the symptoms of emotional burnout and neurotic states of medical workers during the COVID-19 period are heterogeneous and can be grouped into specific symptom complexes. The techniques and methods selected by the authors, implemented during a group psychocorrection program and aimed at each of the identified symptom complexes, made it possible to improve the general mental state of medical workers, relieve emotional stress, and develop the necessary skills for further professional activities.

Analysis and Forecasting the Price of the S&P 500 Index Using the Arima Model

The results of the research allowed to determine that the chosen S&P 500 index can serve as a reflection of the state and forecasts of economic development of the United States. A successful forecast of the index can serve not only as a key point in building an individual investment strategy, but also as an indicator of the general state of the economy. The mathematical model for predicting the dynamics of the index was built. Through exploratory data analysis, a better understanding of the time series and its characteristics was obtained. The application of various statistical methods, such as moving statistics and stationarity tests, made it possible to identify trends and seasonality in the data. Seasonal decomposition and logarithmic transformation helped to better understand the contribution of each component to the overall index dynamics, and special attention was paid to the stationary ADF test, where was considered not only the code but also the significant formulas. The optimal selection of parameters was done automatically. ARIMA model showed good results – the evaluation of the model accuracy included the comparison of the predicted values with the actual values of the SP500 index, both visually and using several metrics – MAE, MSE, RMSE, MAPE. The result of the work is a model for predicting the dynamics of the S & P 500 index, implemented using the Python programming language with a MAPE of about 1.9%, the accuracy of the model is 98.1%. and such good results indicate the possibility of using this tool by market participants in real conditions.

Understanding the Electoral Preferences of Beginner Voters in the 2020 Bulukumba Local Elections

Law no. 10 of 2008 concerning general elections states that first-time voters are those who are voting for the first time and are 17 years old or more or are/have been married and have the right to vote in general elections (and the Regional Head Election). New voters who have just entered voting age also do not have a broad political reach to determine where they should vote. So, sometimes what they choose is not what they expected. The aim of the research is to find out the preferences of novice voters in the 2020 Bulukumba regional elections. The type of research used is qualitative with a case study approach. The informants in this research were six (6) people consisting of the Bulukumba KPUD, political parties and first-time voters. The results of the research regarding the Political Preferences of Beginner Voters in the 2020 Pilkada in Bulukumba Regency are: first, sociological, the condition of beginner voters who are still unstable and have minimal understanding of politics tends to make their political attitudes and direction of support follow the family and community in the voter's environment. Second, psychologically, the emotional closeness and image of the candidate to first-time voters makes new voters participate as volunteers in supporting the candidate through campaign activities using a social media approach and competition activities. Third, Rational, the level of education of novice voters is a determining factor in voters' attitudes in determining political attitudes, where only a few novice voters make their choices through program analysis and candidate profiles obtained from various information.

Influence of Russian Culture on The Development of Ukrainian Goldsmithing in the 17th-19th Centuries

The purpose of this article is to study the destructive manifestations of the Moscow state's influence on Ukraine, in particular its culture and goldsmithing industry. The scientific methods used in this study included analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, terminological research principle, historical, historiographical method and generalization. The research examined the influence of Russian culture on representatives of the Ukrainian jewellery industry, the development of the precious metals sector in the country, and the general state of goldsmithing under the direct influence of first Muscovy, then the Russian Empire. The paper reveals destructive aspects of the Russian pressure on the creation of the creative heritage of representatives of the art of goldsmithing and Ukrainian culture in general. The research identified elements of Russia's influence on the goldsmith culture of Ukraine in the form of requirements to include elements of another country's culture in the manufacture of jewellery. The research revealed the negative consequences of the Russian pressure on Ukrainian culture, which led to the levelling of the art of goldsmithing in Ukraine.

«The score of emotions» as a component of the interpretative strategy in an ensemble performance

«The score of emotions» as a component of the interpretative strategy in an ensemble performance