Generational Status Research Articles

Diabetes quality of life, Chemical Intolerance, and generational status in a Latino sample: an RRNeT study

ObjectivesThe impact of diabetes on quality of life (QoL) includes deficits in physical functioning and emotional and mental health. Individuals with diabetes can experience significant distress related to diabetes management and burden. Comorbid conditions can contribute to QoL among individuals with diabetes. Chemical Intolerance (CI) has received minimal attention in the context of diabetes. CI is characterized by multi-systemic symptoms initiated by a one-time high dose or persistent low-dose exposure to environmental toxins. Latinos experience diabetes distress and are exposed to environmental factors at disproportionate rates. This study sought to investigate generational differences in diabetes QoL and CI in a Latino sample across generational status.MethodsTo assess the modifying effect of CI between QoL and generations, the analysis was stratified by those with and without CI.ResultsCompared to 2nd generation Latinos, Latino immigrants were more likely to indicate that without diabetes, their life would be better across several QoL domains. Latino immigrants had a lower A1C and BMI than2nd generation Latinos. Additionally, they were less likely to have scores indicative of CI than U.S.-born Latinos. QoL varied by generational status and suggested a greater emphasis on family and social relationships among immigrants than U.S.-born Latinos. There were no differences in health services measures across generations.ConclusionsThis study highlights generational differences in the impact of diabetes on QoL. It is one of the few studies to seek to understand the impact of CI on QoL in the context of a chronic condition such as type 2 diabetes.

Employment, Precarious Employment, and Unemployment Among Female Immigrant Youth in the United States

This article utilizes data sourced from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to investigate the influence of various factors on the labor-force participation of young American women, including immigrant generational status, race/ethnicity, peer- and neighborhood-based indicators of social capital, and other predictors. The study defines labor-force participation according to three distinct outcomes: employment status, underemployment, and precarious employment. The findings reveal notable distinctions between generational immigrant groups; specifically, first-generation immigrants exhibit a lower likelihood of employment but a higher likelihood of underemployment and precarious employment when compared with third-generation women. Additionally, a positive association emerged between the mother’s education and employment, on the one hand, and her daughter’s employment, on the other.

“It’s the Best of Both Worlds!”: Investigating Bicultural Stress in Adult Bicultural Canadians

This study delves into the ecological factors that predict bicultural stress among bicultural adult Canadians while uncovering common themes surrounding their bicultural identity and developmental journey. A sample of bicultural Canadians (N = 147; 88% female, Mage = 20.72) participated in an online survey consisting of standardized self-report measures and open-ended inquiries about their bicultural experience. The study identified factors contributing to current levels of bicultural stress through regression analysis. Additionally, thematic analysis was conducted to explore participants’ narratives about their bicultural experiences. Participants were of diverse racial/ethnic Canadian backgrounds (Middle Eastern, n = 50; East and Southeast Asian, n = 22; South Asian, n = 27; Black, n = 21; multiple ethnicities, n = 22; Latin, n = 5). The regression results demonstrated that ethnic identity, family cultural socialization towards heritage culture, perceived discrimination, and generational status contributed to feelings of bicultural stress. Thematic analysis revealed a developmental trajectory encompassing participants’ realization of their bicultural identity, navigating bicultural stress, and cultivating an appreciation for their dual cultures. Findings suggest that bicultural individuals’ interactions with their social environment may develop their bicultural identity towards more positive outcomes as they approach adulthood.

Perceived insider status and innovative behaviour of the new generation of employees: Mediating effect of innovative self-efficacy and moderation of group competitive climate

Based on social identity theory, this study investigated the perceived insider status and innovative behaviour relationships in new generation employees by their innovative self-efficacy and group competitive climate in the work context. New generation employees (n = 338) drawn from 52 teams working in 10 high-tech enterprises in the People’s Republic of China were participants (female = 41.4%; mean age = 31.83 years, SD = 3.80 years). Following multilevel structural equation modelling, results indicated that perceived insider status predicted innovative behaviour. Innovative self-efficacy played a mediating role in the relationship between perceived insider status and innovative behaviour, resulting in higher innovative behaviour. Group competitive climate lowers the relationship between perceived insider status and innovative behaviour, through innovative self-efficacy. This study suggests that innovative behaviour support in new employees (through cultivating their innovative self-efficacy for regulating the group’s competitive climate rationally) may motivate new employees to increase their organisational competitiveness.

Transnational Remittance Practices Among Latinos: Analyzing Differences Based on Nativity, Generational Status, and Social Capital

Using data from the Chicago Area Survey (CAS), our study explores the impact of individual characteristics and factors linked to assimilation and ethnic attachment on the financial behaviors of Latinos in the United States. We particularly examine generational variations in the amount and determinants of remittance behavior among Latinos in the Chicago Metropolitan area. Our findings reveal distinct generational patterns in remittance practices as a transnational activity. While second-generation Latinos engage in remittance activities comparably to their foreign-born parents, a significant decrease is observed in third and subsequent generations. Interestingly, remittance behavior appears to be inversely related to traditional assimilation measures. Contradicting straightforward assimilation theories and aligning more with a transnational viewpoint, our multivariate models suggest a positive correlation between remittance activities and various integration indicators for both foreign-born and U.S.-born Latinos in the Chicago area. While a generational decline in remittance behavior supports assimilation theory, the positive ties between socioeconomic status or assimilation indicators and remittance activities prompt a reevaluation of the assimilation model's dominance. Our results suggest a complex interplay between assimilation processes and remittance behavior, indicating that the latter doesn't necessarily decrease as the former progresses. This calls for more research into the intricate relationship between these two dynamics.

A Review Paper on Current State of the Worldwide Solar Energy Generation

A worldwide evaluation of the present status of renewable-energy generation, with a focus on photo-voltaic (PV) solar energy for the production of electricity. The most pertinent elements of the development and experiences of nations working to build and use these technologies are covered in this article. It also cites studies that highlight the efforts made by nations to reduce their emissions of green-house gas or to enhance the quality and accessibility of electric energy generation in light of their unique geographic and environmental circumstances. These studies focus in particular on remote communities that have limited access to the national power grid due to technological or financial constraints. This paper focusses on renewable-energy might serve as a starting point for assessing how clean energy affects the world's energy supply and demand, they are becoming an increasingly popular option in terms of cost and efficiency, which can attract new investors. By analysing recent data, case studies, and literature, this review aims to provide stakeholders with insights into the achievements and hurdles of solar energy, fostering informed decisions towards a sustainable and resilient energy future.

The Role of the MSME Sector; Its Implicit Growth and Contribution to Entrepreneurship and Employment Generation in Dimapur, Nagaland

MSMEs are important to the economy and have been shown to be particularly effective in eliminating poverty in the lowest-income regions as well as regional imbalances. This study’s primary goal is to evaluate the effectiveness and contribution of Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs), which foster entrepreneurship and create jobs for a variety of people, thus boosting the economy’s growth on both a regional and national level. Through comprehensive analysis and empirical investigation, the study aims to uncover the implicit growth trajectories of the MSME sector and its significant contributions to entrepreneurial endeavours and the creation of sustainable employment avenues. By shedding light on these vital aspects, the research seeks to provide valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and practitioners aimed at fostering economic development and fostering a conducive environment for MSME growth in the region. However, the total number of beneficiaries during the designated time frame is 443. The status of employment generation under the MSMEs is seen to be increasing at a rapid rate from 3301 in F.Y. 2020 -2021 to 14117 in F.Y. 2023 – 2024.

Impact of Microcredit on Income and Social Status of Rural Women Microentrepreneurs in Southeast Nigeria

This study investigates the impact of microcredit on poverty reduction and social status enhancement among rural women microentrepreneurs in patriarchal Southeast Nigeria. The objective is to assess whether microcredit improves economic conditions and elevates social standing within a traditionally patriarchal society. Employing a quantitative approach, the study surveyed 340 rural women who have accessed microcredit across four states in Southeast Nigeria. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate the effects of microcredit on income generation and social status. The findings reveal that while microcredit significantly boosts income generation, its impact on social status is less pronounced, constrained by persistent patriarchal norms and limited supportive measures. To address this limited impact, it is recommended that microcredit programs be complemented with comprehensive social support services. Such initiatives should focus on improving community relationships and addressing gender-specific barriers within the socio-cultural context. By integrating these support mechanisms, microcredit programs can more effectively enhance both the economic and social standing of women, fostering a more supportive environment for their empowerment.

RoCoF Constrained Unit Commitment Considering Spatial Difference in Frequency Dynamics

The post-disturbance rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) is a critical index for low-inertia power system frequency stability. This paper proposes a RoCoF constrained unit commitment model so as to enhance the frequency stability in operation time-scale, where the spatial difference in frequency dynamics is considered and the RoCoF constraint is enforced for each node. The maximum of node RoCoF is approximated by two terms, i.e., the initial post-disturbance node RoCoF and the maximum of the center of inertia (COI) RoCoF. Analytical expressions of the node initial RoCoF under typical disturbances are derived. Then, a tractable relationship between the node initial RoCoF and the working status of generators is obtained by the piecewise linearization approach. Simulation results carried out on the IEEE 39-bus system demonstrate the proposed model can limit the node RoCoF in an economic and accurate manner. The adaptability to renewable power generation and online application are also discussed.

Supplemental Material for Examining Changes in Adolescents’ High School Math and Science Motivational Beliefs and Their Relations to Parental STEM Support and STEM Major Choice at the Intersectionality of Gender and College Generation Status

Supplemental Material for Examining Changes in Adolescents’ High School Math and Science Motivational Beliefs and Their Relations to Parental STEM Support and STEM Major Choice at the Intersectionality of Gender and College Generation Status

Digital Fatigue: Assessing Burnout In The Virtual Offices Era (Sandwich Generation Viewpoint)

The perspective of the majority of individuals reflects the view that working from home is actually more tiring compared to the experience of working face-to-face. WFH workers are often faced with difficulties in managing and optimizing the use of their time, even though they are physically at home. This research aims to conduct an in-depth evaluation of the impacts that influence digital fatigue experienced by workers in the virtual office era, especially those with Sandwich Generation status. Quantitative methods with the SEM-PLS approach were used with a census sample of 582 respondents. The findings indicate that the digital fatigue experienced by the Sandwich Generation is not influenced by work pressure. This research makes a contribution by placing a focus on sandwich generation workers. This creates novelty because it brings a specific dimension of the sandwich generation into the virtual office context.

Review of Research on Consumer Behavior of Generation Z: Based on a Systematic Literature Review

The young consumer group represented by Generation Z is rising strongly and will have a multi-dimensional impact on the entire consumer market. Therefore, systematically reviewing and analyzing the current research status of domestic Generation Z consumer behavior is conducive to accurately grasping the characteristics and problems, main motives and influencing factors of Generation Z's consumer behavior.

Three-stage dynamic equivalent modeling approach for wind farm using accurate crowbar status identification and voltage differences among wind turbines

With increasing wind farm scale, dynamic modeling and simulating the low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) process of wind farms are time- and source-consuming. Thus, a dynamic equivalent model of a wind farm considering the LVRT process is necessary and vital for power system analysis. However, the crowbar status of each doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), voltage, and wind speed differences among will influence the LVRT process and equivalent results. To consider these three factors comprehensively and eliminate the error, this paper proposes a three-stage dynamic equivalent modeling approach, using accurate crowbar identification and voltage differences among DFIGs. Stage I: DFIGs are divided by crowbar status. A new accurate crowbar identification method is proposed to consider the interference from other DFIGs, using the experimental two-machine system and several dynamic simulations to correct fault voltage. Stage II: The often-overlooked voltage differences are considered, and DFIGs are divided into different clusters for accurate fault dynamics. Stage III: To eliminate errors resulting from wind speed differences, the DFIG active power reference is corrected based on the analytical function of the wind farm LVRT process. The proposed model can accurately identify crowbar status and consider the voltage and wind speed differences without detailed model simulation results, improving the accuracy. Case studies are undertaken on a wind farm with fifty DFIGs. Simulation results indicated that the proposed model can match the detailed model under different wind scenarios and fault voltages, and it also increases simulation efficiency, which is suitable for studying the effect of LVRT on power systems.

Responsibility towards future generations is a strong predictor of proenvironmental engagement

Although humanity is already experiencing negative consequences of climate change, future generations may experience even worse outcomes in the absence of concerted, collective effort to mitigate and adapt. At the same time, temporal and interpersonal discounting breed inaction in the face of collective action problems that unfold over long time horizons such as climate change. Some research suggests that higher levels of perceived responsibility to future generations is associated with greater motivation to act on climate change. We re-evaluated this claim in a large (N = 13,749), highly-powered, and nationally representative sample of the U.S. population. We found that people report feeling a high amount of responsibility to protect the environment on behalf of future generations. This sense of responsibility is endorsed more strongly than other reasons for addressing climate change and appears to be endorsed to a high degree across geographic regions, income levels, education attainment, gender, race, generation status, religious affiliation and political party membership. Further, even after accounting for established demographic predictors of proenvironmental behavior, perceived responsibility to future generations predicted a host (i.e., 27) of proenvironmental outcomes. We conclude that by potentially targeting a widely endorsed responsibility, interventions might prove effective across the political and religious spectrum in American society.

Состояние здоровья детей и подростков дальневосточного федерального округа

It is well-known that investigation of the features of incidence among children and adolescents in certain human environment aimed at identification of promising prevention vectors in the region is a priority in the development of healthcare system and the state’s social policy. The study was aimed to explore the regional features of the pediatric population health in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD). A retrospective analytical study was conducted; the values and structure of incidence in children and adolescents in 11 FEFD regions were assessed. It was found that classes X (Diseases of the respiratory system) and XIX (Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes) occupied the leading places in the structure of the long-term average annual incidence by disease classes in FEFD among children aged 0–14 and adolescents aged 15–17. The lowest incidence was reported for class III (Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism). Significant differences in the long-term average annual levels of the studied indicator between age groups in FEFD and significant differences from the all-Russian values were revealed. The findings can be used to predict the health status of the younger generation and determine the strategic direction of healthcare system in the macroregion.

Lean-circular maturity model (LCMM) for companies' self-assessment in terms of process, product and life cycle thinking

Rapidly diagnosing the status of resource efficiency and waste generation throughout the entire value chain is considered one of the key future advancements towards achieving more sustainable production. This study aimed to develop and implement a self-assessment tool to assist companies in decision-making processes for establishing circular flows based on the principles of Lean Manufacturing (LM) and Circular Economy (CE). The self-assessment tool employed a maturity model comprising several stages, which were designed through a combination of design science research and scenario planning. The Lean-Circular Maturity Model (LCMM) consisted of maturity levels ranging from 0 to 4, assessing strategies such as Resource Efficiency, Energy Management, Water and Wastewater Management, Materials and Solid Waste Management, and Chemicals and Emissions Management. The model was applied to nine companies varying in sector, size, region, and nationality. Their engagement in LM, and CE, differed, as did their strategy maturity metrics. Primary sector companies showed higher maturity in water-waste and chemical-emissions management. Larger enterprises focused on these strategies, with nuances based on region. The main findings indicated that 66% of the companies sought cleaner alternatives prior to mapping their production processes, which could lead to errors in planning and prioritizing improvement actions. Furthermore, 61% of the companies lacked sufficient training and employee awareness regarding the efficient utilization of resources. The absence of comprehensive actions to manage the life cycle of products throughout the value chain emerged as the primary barrier identified. To address these gaps, the LCMM offers a set of tailored recommendations for each company to enhance processes, products, and the value chain based on the final score obtained from utilizing the LCMM self-assessment tool.

Increasing risk of hepatocellular carcinoma with successive generations in the United States among Mexican American adults: The Multiethnic Cohort.

US-born Latinos have a higher incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than foreign-born Latinos. Acculturation to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and an immigrant self-selection effect may play a role. In this study, the authors examined the influence of generational status on HCC risk among Mexican American adults. The analytic cohort included 31,377 self-reported Mexican Americans from the Multiethnic Cohort Study (MEC). Generational status was categorized as: first-generation (Mexico-born; n=13,382), second-generation (US-born with one or two parents born in Mexico; n=13,081), or third-generation (US-born with both parents born in the United States; n=4914). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to examine the association between generational status and HCC incidence. In total, 213 incident HCC cases were identified during an average follow-up of 19.5years. After adjusting for lifestyle and neighborhood-level risk factors, second-generation and third-generation Mexican Americans had a 37% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98-1.92) and 66% (HR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.11-2.49) increased risk of HCC, respectively, compared with first-generation Mexican Americans (p for trend=0.012). The increased risk associated with generational status was mainly observed in males (second-generation vs. first-generation: HR, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.05-2.44]; third-generation vs. first-generation: HR, 2.08 [95% CI, 1.29-3.37]). Increasing generational status of Mexican Americans is associated with a higher risk of HCC. Further studies are needed to identify factors that contribute to this increased risk.

Survey: Automatic generation of attack trees and attack graphs

Graphical security models constitute a well-known, user-friendly way to represent the security of a system. These classes of models are used by security experts to identify vulnerabilities and assess the security of a system. The manual construction of these models can be tedious, especially for large enterprises. Consequently, the research community is trying to address this issue by proposing methods for the automatic generation of such models. In this work, we present a survey illustrating the current status of the automatic generation of two popular kinds of graphical security models: Attack Trees and Attack Graphs. The goal of this survey is to present the current methodologies used in the field, compare them, and present the challenges and future directions to the research community.

Quantifying the impact of municipal solid waste litter using environmental status index in urban areas

The municipal solid waste litter (MSWL) generation has been a growing concern for urban areas. It causes unpleasant aesthetic environment and health hazardous for pedestrian and residents living nearby. Although several studies related to the impact of littering on beaches and water bodies have been reported, there is insufficient information on MSWL in the urban settings. Therefore, the study was aimed to access the present status of MSWL generation and its management scheme in Nagpur, a tier two city of India. The characterization of MSWL and environmental assessment for five different categories of street was carried out using common weighted (CW) method. An environmental status index (ESI) model was developed to evaluate the existing scenario of MSWL management in urban settings. The MSWL generation rate varied from 1.5 to 4.6 kg per 100 m. The average MSWL generation rate from shopping street (SS), market street (MKS), major street (MS), residential and commercial streets (RCS), open spaces (OS) and hilly terrains streets (HTS) was found to be 62, 82, 53, 47, 78 and 42 kg/month, respectively. The ESI score for SS, MKS, MS, OS and HTS was found to be 382, 448.5, 301, 773.5 and 404, respectively. Further, the collected MSWL data set was analyzed using exploratory data analysis (EDA) to group similar data points together based on their attributes. The application of cluster (K) algorithm was found to be efficient to identify areas or regions with higher MSWL generation rate.

Cumulative antibiogram preparation among hospitals participating in the Japan Surveillance for Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology

BackgroundThe cumulative antibiogram is essential to guide empirical therapy for infectious diseases and monitor the trend of antimicrobial resistance. However, the status of antibiogram generation at medical institutions in Japan is uncertain. MethodsA web-based questionnaire survey was conducted in February 2023 on the status of antibiogram preparation among facilities participating in the Japan Surveillance for Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology (J-SIPHE), an infection control surveillance system in Japan. ResultsThe questionnaire collection rate was 19.6% (379/1931). Of all facilities, 47% (178/379) performed microbiological tests mainly in-house, while 53% (201/379) performed microbiological tests mainly outsourced. Of all facilities, 78% (296/379) prepared antibiograms. Of those without antibiograms, 33% (27/83) were considering the development in the future. Some facilities cited staff shortage as a barrier to preparing antibiograms. Of the 214 facilities with antibiograms that could use the J-SIPHE system to prepare antibiograms, 19% (41/214) were using the J-SIPHE system to prepare their antibiograms. ConclusionsOne-quarter of the facilities that responded to the survey had not prepared antibiograms. Technical support for surveillance and awareness activity for using cumulative antibiograms might promote antibiogram preparation in Japan, which may improve antimicrobial stewardship and antimicrobial resistance measures.