General Plan Research Articles

Gestión del dolor agudo postoperatorio: condiciones para garantizar la seguridad y la efectividad de los tratamientos analgésicos

The evidence on postoperative pain management is of low or insufficient quality. The SEDAR Acute Pain Working Group has prepared this guideline-document to apply the best available scientific evidence to clinical practice, individualizing it based on factors specific to the patient and the procedure, and encompassing different organizational options, attempting to individualize it based on specific factors of the patient and the procedure, and encompassing the different organizational options for pain control.The document updates concepts and minimum requirements necessary for optimal postoperative analgesia, a multidisciplinary approach and the management of acute postoperative pain. Strategic lines and different management models are defined. A general perioperative action plan is established based on collaboration with the surgical departments involved, on the joint review of the evidence and on preparation of protocols by the procedure. Finally, a follow-up plan and a series of minimum indicators necessary for quality control of postoperative pain are presented.

Threshold dynamics and regional optimal control of a malaria model with spatial heterogeneity and ivermectin therapy

The recent experimental results illustrate that adding ivermectin to artemisinin-based combination therapy can target malaria parasite and its vector, which may be a new treatment option. In this paper, we present a new malaria transmission model, which incorporates spatial heterogeneity, general incidence rate and treatment plan with ivermectin. The basic reproduction number R0 is introduced as a threshold parameter to determine whether malaria will eventually die out or not. Further, we propose and analyze the regional optimal control problem to minimize mosquito population, exposed and infectious humans as well as cost. Numerically, we investigate the transmission and control of malaria in The Gambia. Results show that the treatment plans with ivermectin and without ivermectin have the same contribution to R0, but have different effects on the epidemic level of malaria. This conclusion also holds for different incidence rates with some assumptions. Moreover, by comparing the cost and benefit of different strategies, the most cost-effective strategy is found.

Research on Path Planning and Path Tracking Control of Autonomous Vehicles Based on Improved APF and SMC.

Path planning and tracking control is an essential part of autonomous vehicle research. In terms of path planning, the artificial potential field (APF) algorithm has attracted much attention due to its completeness. However, it has many limitations, such as local minima, unreachable targets, and inadequate safety. This study proposes an improved APF algorithm that addresses these issues. Firstly, a repulsion field action area is designed to consider the velocity of the nearest obstacle. Secondly, a road repulsion field is introduced to ensure the safety of the vehicle while driving. Thirdly, the distance factor between the target point and the virtual sub-target point is established to facilitate smooth driving and parking. Fourthly, a velocity repulsion field is created to avoid collisions. Finally, these repulsive fields are merged to derive a new formula, which facilitates the planning of a route that aligns with the structured road. After path planning, a cubic B-spline path optimization method is proposed to optimize the path obtained using the improved APF algorithm. In terms of path tracking, an improved sliding mode controller is designed. This controller integrates lateral and heading errors, improves the sliding mode function, and enhances the accuracy of path tracking. The MATLAB platform is used to verify the effectiveness of the improved APF algorithm. The results demonstrate that it effectively plans a path that considers car kinematics, resulting in smaller and more continuous heading angles and curvatures compared with general APF planning. In a tracking control experiment conducted on the Carsim-Simulink platform, the lateral error of the vehicle is controlled within 0.06 m at both high and low speeds, and the yaw angle error is controlled within 0.3 rad. These results validate the traceability of the improved APF method proposed in this study and the high tracking accuracy of the controller.

Rule of Law History and Development in China: in Comparison of Australia

The article discusses the rule of law development and application in China compared with Australia. In August 2021, the Chinese Central Government issued the Implementation Outline for the Construction of a Government Under the Rule of Law (2021-2025), which indicated the general plan to improve rule of law for the next five years. In the past few years, the Chinese government has made great efforts to promote the rule of law theory. China enforced judicial reform, which improves the judicial independence and professional ability of legal practitioners. Chinese rule of law formation has been influenced by western countries due to previous foreign legal aid and Australian judicial practice has also been influenced by Chinese theory. In Australia, people are encouraged to solve civil disputes via mediation and other alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods, which may be influenced by Chinese theory of “Fengqiao Experience”. It is important to continue increasing rule of law in China, but it is improper to transplant the Australian theory to China directly due to the different legal culture and history between two countries. Generally, more efforts need to be made for strengthening rule of law in China.

Management of acute postoperative pain: Conditions to guarantee the safety and effectiveness of analgesic treatments

The evidence on postoperative pain management is of low or insufficient quality. The SEDAR Acute Pain Working Group has prepared this guideline-document to apply the best available scientific evidence to clinical practice, individualizing it based on factors specific to the patient and the procedure, and encompassing different organizational options, attempting to individualize it based on specific factors of the patient and the procedure, and encompassing the different organizational options for pain control.The document updates concepts and minimum requirements necessary for optimal postoperative analgesia, a multidisciplinary approach and the management of Acute Postoperative Pain. Strategic lines and different management models are defined. A general perioperative action plan is established based on collaboration with the surgical departments involved, on the joint review of the evidence and on preparation of protocols by the procedure. Finally, a follow-up plan and a series of minimum indicators necessary for quality control of postoperative pain are presented.

Design strategies for residential buildings in the post pandemic era

During and after the pandemic the home became the epicenter for many people. Everything happened at home: work, school, exercise, play, and everything in between. Families’ priorities and needs have changed in many ways, and how they use their homes is at the top of their list. An emerging priority among homeowners is health and wellness. People now not only want their homes to protect their health with great indoor air quality, but they also want adequate space to attend to their daily life activities at home. Furthermore, homeowners now realize their homes must fill many roles. No longer are homes mainly a place to gather and rest, but they must also serve as schools, offices with dedicated workspaces, gyms, outdoor living, and many other spaces. For this, are suggested modular interiors, with more segmented approaches than open floor plans. This paper will present design strategies for residential buildings, in three scenarios, with different terrain conditions (flat terrain, slightly sloppy terrain, and very sloppy terrain) and low construction intensity, according to the “General Local Plan and Territorial Strategy”, in the city of Lezha. Three different building design typologies (Linear Typologies, Box Massing Typology, Unit House Typology) are chosen as the more suitable to be applied to the different terrain conditions. For each, it is going to be presented a conceptual project, based on modular volumes, which integrate into alternative ways, in terms of different crisis conditions such as the pandemic situation. The environmental conditions which have an impact on buildings are variable, but these design strategies are chosen to reduce the negative environmental impact of a built environment by using modular adaptive and repetitive typologies Also, to enhance indoor environmental quality is used natural ventilation. The three different building typologies are going to be applied in three different terrain conditions: A - The first scenario is the “Linear typology” in flat terrain; B - The second scenario is the “Box massing typology” in a slightly sloping ground near a hill; C - The third scenario is a “Unit house typology” in very sloping ground. This study aims to propose new adaptive typologies and establish a set of design standards, taking into account the impact of the pandemic. By examining these strategies, we, designers and architects can understand the defects of the design products in the pre-epidemic period and make good design decisions in the post-epidemic era. The purpose of the study is to propose new residential communities, rather than a single multi-unit house appearing in the city.

The Phoenician-Punic Sanctuary of Ras il-Wardija (Gozo): A Reassessment of the Cult and Ritual of Astarte in the Light of Recent Discoveries by the Sapienza Archaeological Mission at Gozo–Ras il-Wardija Project (2021–2022)

ABSTRACT The promontory of Ras il-Wardija, on the northwestern cusp of the Island of Gozo, holds one of the most spectacular temples of the ancient Mediterranean dedicated to the Phoenician goddess Astarte. It dates to the fourth century BCE and hosted an important cult of Astarte/Hera/Juno throughout the Roman period (third–second centuries CE). The general plan has been clarified by the excavations of the Italian Mission between 1963 and 1967. In 2021 Sapienza University, thanks to an agreement with Heritage Malta and the Superintendence of Cultural Heritage, resumed research activities at Ras il-Wardija, studying the sanctuary’s cult and rituals through the pottery and small finds unearthed in the 1960s, but following new avenues of research. The discovery of several Punic dedication formulas similar to those found at Tas-Silġ suggests a link between the two cult places, probably stemming from festivities such as the Anagógia and Katagógia mentioned in classical sources.

Economic assessment of integrating fast-charging stations and energy communities in grid planning

Distribution grid companies and distribution system operators (DSOs) still mostly follow a traditional framework for grid planning. Such frameworks have so far served DSOs well in the economic assessment and cost–benefit analysis of passive measures, such as grid reinforcement. However, the development towards active distribution grids requires DSOs to also be able to assess an extended set of active measures. To this aim, this paper extends and implements a general planning framework for active distribution grids that builds upon the well-proven traditional framework. The methodology integrated in the framework includes: (1) decoupled models for (i) operation with active measures and (ii) optimal grid investment, and (2) methods for economic assessment considering active measures from both (i) a DSO cost–benefit analysis perspective and (ii) a willingness-to-pay perspective. In this paper, operational models are integrated for two examples of active measures, namely the use of fast-charging stations (FCS) and local energy communities (LEC). The methodology is demonstrated in a long-term grid planning case study for a realistic Norwegian medium voltage distribution system. For this case, grid planning with FCS as an active measure reduces the present value of grid investment costs by 70% compared with a passive grid planning strategy. The results also demonstrate how the methodology can be used in negotiating the price of active measures between the DSO and distribution system actors such as LEC and FCS operators.

Intențiile profesionale versus resursele personale la persoanele cu dizabilități

The orientation of psychological assistance towards the activation of the inner psychological resources of the disabled person, the development potential, the formation of professional and personal mobility becomes a condition for facilitating the professional orientation of these persons. The article presents the results of the experimental study of professional intentions and personal resources in people with typical development compared to that of people with disabilities. The similarities and differences are elucida- ted in the identification of general plans, professional intentions, knowledge about the chosen profession, self-as- sessment of one’s own capacities for the profession, evaluation of the professional self-determination of knowledge but also of the respondents’ knowledge regarding personal resources, determining the factors that influence rapid exhaustion and the establishment of resources used for recovery.

HABITABLE CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR SPACE SETTLEMENT

Space habitats have been among the most discussed topics for decades. Many models have also been designed to sustain humanity in space. Among them are The Bernal sphere, The ONeill cylinder, and The Stanford Torus. The Stanford torus being the most acceptable model, designed the settlement as a torus located in the L5 point between the earth and the moon. By keeping the basic structure and location of the torus similar to it, a few structural changes have been suggested here, aiming to create better living conditions in the space habitat: dividing the torus into two and providing a general residential plan. Along with it, some other essential living criteria are also highlighted, such as the waste and water management systems.

Узгодження фінансових потоків усередині організаційно-технологічної системи

The research examines the issue of planning and control of the break-even operation of organizational and technological systems at innovatively active enterprises throughout the entire period of implementation of the production program for the release of innovative products. Attention is paid to the characteristics of the main indicator of profitability and financial stability of innovative production – profitability. It is emphasized that in each planning period, the profitability of the system depends on the amount of direct costs for the formation of orders and fixed costs of the entire innovative enterprise. Using the method of a multistep process, the formation of the payment table was formalized during the execution of the developed program. The formation of the payment system is closely related to the problem of managing financial flows and it should be considered from the standpoint of general planning and control of cash flows between the system and external economic entities, internal flows of the system. The definition of the algorithm of the mathematical model of the task of determining the financial flows of the organizational and technological system with the early cycle of innovative production is presented.

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ АРХИТЕКТУРНОГО ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И ГРАДОСТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ КРУПНЕЙШИХ СТАДИОНОВ

Currently, Russia at the state level actively supports and popularizes sports and a healthy lifestyle. In this regard, the development of sports infrastructure facilities, including demonstration ones, such as stadiums, is underway. The article briefly describes the world experience in the formation of the planning structure of stadiums. Five years after the commissioning of the stadiums leased as part of the 2018 World Cup, an analysis of the functional and planning structure is carried out, the impact on the transformation of the adjacent territories is determined. On this basis, the features of the urban planning of the largest stadiums are identified. Taking into account the location, the main layout schemes are identified and described, the enlarged most characteristic aspects of the functional and planning structure of the largest modern stadiums are presented. Modern trends in the formation of the planning structure of stadiums related to urban planning and technological aspects are presented. Three options for the location of stadiums are described, in view of the urban planning situation. In accordance with this, the general plan structure and the planning structure of the facility are determined. Modern stadiums are multifunctional objects that have a complex planning structure with the possibility of transformation for holding various kinds of events, as well as including different functional objects taking into account the specific urban planning situation.

Regional Goods Management in Supporting Activity Planning at the Regional Secretariat of Merangin District

Background. The existence of assets at this time gave birth to a paradox in terms of efforts to increase income (PAD). As a result, the great potential that lies ahead is not optimally explored. Instead they found any source of PAD results to be uncertain. Purpose. Assets should be very large areas that are better managed so as to produce optimal profits. It would be nice if the Regional Head from the Regent, Mayor, to the Governor when he is appointed immediately recognizes and understands the exact condition of the assets and then reports back to the community periodically. Method. In this study, researchers used a qualitative descriptive approach. Taking the location which is located in Merangin Regency, Jambi Province with a total sample of 18 people. In carrying out the research conducted using several data collection techniques including interviews, observation, questionnaires. Results. Problems related to the management of goods are also urgent but can still be handled ideally, including at the Secretariat General of the Merangin District Section. Based on the researchers' observations, there are several fundamental problems that have caused the management of goods to not operate effectively and can be used as indicators to support planning activities at the Regional Secretariat Section of Merangin Regency. Goods Management in Support of the General Plan of Activities in Merangin Regency Regional Assets and are still not optimal. Conclusion. Efforts made to overcome obstacles in the Management of Goods in support of activity planning in the Regional Secretariat Section are to improve the technical capabilities of existing personnel management goods, maximize the management of goods to and encourage the process of internal control mechanisms in the General Section to maximize the management of regional property in supporting activities planning.

The Role of the General Plan in the Development of Modern Cities on the Example of St. Petersburg

This article discusses the process of forming the General Plan of St. Petersburg. The short-comings of the existing General Plan of St. Petersburg are revealed. The concepts of the General Plan, territorial planning documents, the process of making changes to the General Plan of St. Petersburg are analyzed. Based on the conducted research, the author proposed a solution aimed at the optimal functioning of the General Plan.

Research on influencing factors and governance of disinformation dissemination on science and technology topics: an empirical study on the topic of “metaverse”

PurposeThe online Question and Answer community is full of a large number of science and technology topics, the discussion and dissemination of which play an important role in promoting the popularization of new technologies and cultivating public enthusiasm for science. However, the spread of false information and rumors weakens the community's positive effect, making the community more difficult for people to obtain useful information on such topics. Research on the influencing factors and governance of the spread of false information on science and technology topics has become the key to the spread of popular science.Design/methodology/approachTherefore, this paper uses the Elaboration Likelihood Model as the theoretical framework to examine the role of the factors influencing the spread of false information on science and technology topics in Zhihu community on the information persuasion and the impact on public behavior attitude from the core path and the edge path. This paper compiles a crawler program to capture 12,893 response information under the “Metaverse” topic in Zhihu community as an empirical sample and uses text mining and conducts visual correlation analysis to explore the key factors affecting the persuasive transmission path of information on science and technology topics.FindingsThe research finds that the content specialization, content consistency and content coherence of science and technology topics affect personal judgment from the aspect of information content through the core path and have a positive correlation with information persuasion; the number of comments, the length of the text and the publishing authors' influence from the edge image characteristics through the edge path are positively correlated with the information persuasion. Then, from the perspective of topic platform, government and topic participants, this paper puts forward a general plan to improve the information persuasion of science and technology topics so as to deal with false information.Originality/valueCompared with the small data set of the traditional questionnaire survey, the research based on community empirical big data is more reliable. The model takes into account the attitude and behavior of users and is more suitable for the research on the transmission path of scientific and technological information in the internet era. This research provides a direction for analyzing the text characteristics and development trends of information in the field of science and technology and is conducive to promoting the optimization of the network information environment and building a good ecology, with the spread of rumors about science and technology topics curbed and the governance of false information strengthened.

Employee Professionality in the Bureau General Planning and Budget Polda Gorontalo

This study aims to determine the Professionality of Employees in the General Planning and Budget Bureau of the Gorontalo Regional Police. The research method uses a qualitative type. The results showed that the professionalism of employees in the General Planning and Budget Bureau of the Gorontalo Regional Police was not optimal. This can be seen from the 3 (three) indicators used as research benchmarks, only one indicator is considered fulfilled, namely the response indicator indicated by the speed of employees in providing services to line work units related to socialization requests, supervision and budget allocations. The other two indicators, namely the creativity indicator and the innovation indicator, are considered to have not been fulfilled, this is because some employees or personnel do not have the authority to carry out an innovation because they do not have the qualifications and competencies in their position so that so far the existing employees or personnel only work according to regulations. existing or in other words work normatively.

Design Optimization of Hammer Blade Crusher to Improve the Crushing Performance

China is a large agricultural country, each year will produce a large number of straw. The recycling of straw to China's agricultural development and environmental protection are very helpful, the recycling of straw is mainly energy, fertilizer, feed several uses, different uses need different crushing fineness, so adjust the crushing fineness can improve the recycling rate of straw. This paper mainly on the impact of straw crushing fineness factors for This paper focuses on the theoretical analysis and study of the factors affecting the fineness of straw crushing, and provides a general design plan for the crushing chamber.Firstly, the effect of different hammer and sieve gaps on the pulverisation fineness is studied and the straw pulverisation fineness is changed by changing the hammer and sieve gaps. The effect of hammer blade material, structure, arrangement, distribution density and hammer blade speed on the fineness of the straw is studied. Study the effect of the aperture size and arrangement of the sieve on the fineness of the crushing, and adjust the fineness of the crushing by changing the aperture size of the sieve. The study of the material in the crushing process generated by the "ring flow layer" mechanism, and by changing the shape of the crushing chamber structure to destroy the "ring flow layer" on the impact of the crushing performance of the crusher.Secondly, according to the production requirements of the hammer mill, the structure and material of the hammer blade and screen plate are designed and selected, and the hammer blade is analysed statically using Ansys, the rotor is analysed modally, a complete model of the crushing chamber is designed, and a three-dimensional model of the crushing chamber is built using SolidWorks.Finally, after simulation calculations, the design of the rotor headquarters structure is reasonable. An adjustable hammer and sieve clearance was achieved, reducing costs and improving the efficiency of the pulveriser crushing.

CHANGES IN THE CROPLAND AREAS OVER 250 YEARS (CASE STUDY A KEY PLOT IN THE MOSCOW REGION)

Based on data from old and modern maps and satellite images we reconstructed the arable land borders within a key plot (100 km2) in the Moscow region for 8 time periods, from the General Land Survey (1767) to the present day. Brief descriptions for the special geometric plans of the Bogorodsk, Dmitrov and Moscow districts (“uyezd”) of the Moscow province (“guberniya”) were analyzed for accurately describing the land use displayed on the General Land Survey plans. The contours of arable lands on the general land survey plans (1767) of the studied area refer to those under constant cultivation, while periodically abandoned land were described and measured separately. The dynamics of arable land borders for the studied period was analyzed using the scheme of landscape zoning, and data on the lithological and geomorphologic structure of the territory and morphometric characteristics of its relief. The prevailing slope gradients and the area of arable lands are identified for each time period. The maximum percentage of arable land under constant cultivation (42%) is characteristic for the end of the 18th century; the minimum (8%) is in evidence at the present time. It was found that the proximity to settlements and the degree of soil drainage were the principal factors determining the spatial structure of arable lands.

Mass casualty incident response: Assessment of the level of preparedness among hospital pharmacists

Objectives: Mass casualty incidents (MCIs) and outcomes depend on the resources of the admitting institutions and their preparedness, respectively. We assessed the preparedness of hospital pharmacists for MCIs. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 132 pharmacists working in hospitals in Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria, over 1 month, using a 26-item self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version 21). A Chi-square test was used for further analysis. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The response rate was 79.5% (105/132). Most respondents were 26–30 years, 31.4%, had been practicing for <10 years, 44.8%, and were female, 59.0%. Overall, 42.9% of the respondents had >400 beds, 66 (62.9%), and 48 (45.7%) had general and pharmacy-specific disaster preparedness plans, respectively. Respondents agreed that the hospital committee consensus determined medications to be stocked, 64 (60.9%) and that disaster plans were mainly for natural disasters, 73 (35.4%). Only 7 (6.6%) respondents practiced mock disaster preparedness. There was a significant association between respondents’ year of practice and response on including disaster events in the institutional plan (χ2 = 95.637, df. = 72, P = 0.033). Most respondents, 95 (90.0%), were positive (mean ± SD: 4.42 ± 0.875) about the need for analgesics during disaster events. Conclusion: Preparation for disaster preparedness was suboptimal based on the number of beds, pharmacy-specific disaster preparedness plan, and practice for mock disasters. This calls for immediate awareness to address these shortfalls through orientation, training, and retraining on preparedness for MCIs.

General practice as a place to receive help for domestic abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative interview study in England and Wales.

General practice is an important place for patients experiencing or perpetrating domestic violence and abuse (DVA), and for their children to seek and receive help. While the incidence of DVA may have increased during the COVID- 19 pandemic, there has been a reduction in DVA identifications and referrals to specialist services from general practice. Concurrently there has been the imposition of lockdown measures and a shift to remote care in general practices in the UK. To understand the patient perspective of seeking and receiving help for DVA in general practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was then compared with experiences of general practice healthcare professionals. A qualitative interview study in seven urban general practices in England and Wales, as part of a feasibility study of IRIS+, an integrated primary care DVA system-level training and support intervention. Semi-structured interviews with 21 patients affected by DVA and 13 general practice healthcare professionals who had received IRIS+ training. Analysis involved a Framework approach. Patients recounted positive experiences of seeking help for DVA in general practice during the pandemic. However, there have been perceived problems with the availability of general practice and a strong preference for face-to-face consultations, over remote consultations, for the opportunities of non- verbal communication. There were also concerns from healthcare professionals regarding the invisibility of children affected by DVA. Perspectives of patients and their families affected by DVA should be prioritised in general practice service planning, including during periods of transition and change.