General Methodological Principles Research Articles

Предрассудок как предмет междисциплинарного исследования

The subject of the study is the phenomenon of prejudice, studied in various specialized discourses and con-texts – linguistic, philosophical and psychological. In this regard, the problem under study can quite reasonably be attributed to the objects of multidisciplinary research. An attempt has been made to consider and rethink the well-known term and the problems behind it in a fairly wide field of view. An additional objective of the study is to justify the need to rethink both the very nature of prejudice and the role it actually plays. In accordance with the aim of the study, a wide range of methods was used, used in specific local areas, but requiring a certain general unifying methodological link, technique or principle. This, according to the author, is the so-called sys-temic or rational eclecticism, used in various fields of humanities. Its use allowed, within certain limits, to com-bine ideas contained in relatively localized scientific fields, as well as to turn to artistic and literary genres of creativity as an illustrative background. The main conclusion of the study was the proposition that the phenom-enon of prejudice contains not only a negative emotional and affective connotation, but can also be used as an effective tool to counter undesirable phenomena in specific cognitive, psychological, sociocultural discourses and areas of behavior. The main result that can be used in solving actual specific cognitive, ideological and behavioral problems is proposed to understand the phenomenon of prejudice, where an unprejudiced attitude should be formed towards the prejudice itself, that is, this would mean actually getting rid of prejudice in the opinion regarding the prejudice itself as a phenomenon.

METHODS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN JURISPRUDENCE

The article reveals the content of the category "methodology", the general philosophical and methodological principles of cognition, which are usually defined by the term "philosophical foundations of science"; tasks in the development of general scientific, conceptual problems, conceptual and categorical apparatus, which are concretized by the relevant legal sciences.The article is dedicated to the study of cognitive methods, research in law, incl. In the civil law. It examines the principles of humanities methodology, the system of scientific knowledge methods, its structure, the elements of which are: (1) general (philosophical) method; (2) general scientific methods; (3) interdisciplinary methods; (4) methods of individual legal disciplines, the essence of which is determined, first of all, by the subject of research, the degree of generality of the tasks to be solved. Among recent general cognitive methods, such methods as: synergistic, systemic-dialectical, system approach method, deterministic method are often mentioned.Levels of cognition are characterized, the main criteria for their differences (theoretical and empirical cognition) are: (1) the nature of the research subject; 2) type of research tools used; (3) features of the method, as well as the interaction of the acquired knowledge and its conceptual interpretation, explaining the genesis and interaction of the acquired knowledge, its conceptual interpretation.The aim of the study is to analyze the opinions expressed about the concepts, nature, structure and meaning of cognitive (research) methods: law, the nature of general law and the features of sectoral methods in creating the structure of law in general, their systematization, as well as the nature and structure of the method of legal regulation of civil rights.The object of research is the concept, essence, structure, role and meaning of cognitive (research) methods.The tasks of the research are determined by its purpose, and they consist of the identification of the theoretical approaches of law, their nature, structure, and legal knowledge (research) methods.The article highlights the main aspects characteristic of any cognitive method: (1) objective-content; (2) operative; (3) praxeological aspect.Attention is drawn to the fact that nowadays, in addition to the materialistic dialectic, the idealistic dialectic can certainly be used in scientific research.

Selection of Similar Objects While Valuation and Forensic Structural Engineering to Determine Market Value of Civil Buildings

The article is devoted to problematic issues faced by forensic experts during evaluation of civil buildings with premises of various functional purposes. This article purpose is to determine essence, content, general methodological principles and specifics of a unified approach while determining market value of civil objects, including premises of various functional purposes. Attention is focused on the fact that usually forensic experts can use market and non-market types of values. Characteristics of consumer and exchange forms of manifestation of real estate value are given. Current National Property Valuation Standards are listed that are mandatory for appraisers to perform while appraising real estate of all forms of ownership and in all cases. A list of the main types of values and methodical approaches to evaluation of civil buildings with premises of various functional purposes is provided. In addition, the main types of free-standing buildings and the peculiarities of selecting analogues of buildings for sale including premises of various functional purposes, while determining their market value are outlined. Peculiarities of the application of the method of building identification according to the state classifier of buildings and structures: ДК 018-2000 and the algorithm of actions of forensic experts for selecting similar objects are highlighted with an illustrative example of its application.

Noise pollution of the territories adjacent to the automobile road and some means of fighting it

Problem. The article discusses the issues related to environmental pollution by road traffic noise and considers possible solutions to these problems. The article has a review character and applies a systematic approach based on general scientific methodological principles that take into account objects as systems. The objects of study in this article are the noise load from the highway and the means of protection against it.
 Several methods of protection against noise pollution of residential areas adjacent to the highway are considered. Goal. The goal is to analyze noise pollution from highways and analyze solutions to reduce this pollution. Methodology. This research is aimed at analyzing measures to reduce the level of noise arising from traffic and create comfortable conditions for residents of settlements located near highways. Results. Environmental sustainability can be taken into account in the design and construction of noise barriers by using, for example, materials with high renewable amendability or materials that can be recycled. With the right choice of materials, design and placement of noise barriers, a significant reduction in environmental noise levels can be achieved and the quality of life of the occupants can be improved. In each case, a sound engineering assessment should be carried out and an individualized plan developed to achieve optimal noise protection results. The overall effectiveness of noise barriers will be determined by a large number of factors, and each project should be analyzed and designed in detail to meet specific needs and conditions. Practical value. These measures help to improve the quality of life and preserve the health of residents by creating comfortable and safe living conditions. The general approach to noise protection in residential areas involves integrated planning, which takes into account the noise characteristics of transport routes and roads, as well as the design of buildings and the internal layout of housing. This helps to create favourable conditions for residents and reduce the negative impact of noise on their physical and psychological health.

About Discipline “Scientific Communication in Foreign Language” in Postgraduate Studies

Purpose of research. Nowadays the ability to implement scientific communication in a foreign language is an indicator of university teacher`s professional competence. This determines the relevance of the inclusion of the discipline "Scientific communication in a foreign language" into the curricula of postgraduate studies. The purpose of the research is to determine the role of this discipline regarding postgraduate students` preparation to scientific research.Methods. As a methodological basis, the authors apply the communicative approach involving postgraduate students in oral and written communication in the foreign language. The authors consider the formation of foreign language communicative competence taking into account general methodological principles of foreign language teaching.Results. The results of the research reveal the importance of mastering foreign language skills both in oral and written scientific communication in the context of publishing activities, presentation of research results and participation in scientific conferences. It is noted that knowledge of professional terminology in a foreign language increases the competitiveness of a specialist. The importance of communicative practice is specially noted. The annual round table of postgraduate students "Modern world trends in the development of science and technology" is described as an opportunity to practice public speech in a foreign language.Conclusion. The authors have come to the conclusion that the discipline "Scientific communication in a foreign language" forms the competence of a researcher dealing with the following activities: preparation for publication in a foreign scientific journal; participation in scientific conferences, use of a foreign language in teaching.

SPECIAL PURPOSE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

The article discusses the principles of human-machine control communication systems for special purposes, which belong to the class of controlled systems. In addition, the authors' attention is drawn to the methodological principles of the study of such systems; the functional architecture of a special purpose communication system (SPCS) in the form of a three-level conceptual model is considered. The most general methodological principles of communication system research, considered in the work is a systematic approach. Within the framework of this approach, an interconnected special-purpose communication system is considered as an integral part of the control system of higher-order systems. The authors believe that the methodology of the study of such systems is mainly based on a combination of methods of induction (from particular to complex) and deduction (decomposition), that is, consideration from general to particular, from simple to complex. The hierarchy of the SPCS description is used as a method of eliminating contradictions between simplicity and taking into account the remaining multiple parameters of the system. Each level of the hierarchy corresponds to specific features, functions, laws and principles, terms and concepts, using which it is best possible to predict and describe the functioning of the SPCS.

Homemaking away from home: a semiotic cultural psychology perspective.

How do migrants create a sense of home in the context of migration? What does it mean for a person to physically move away from one home and psychologically move toward another one somewhere else? How do migrants create a sense of continuity between the home that is no longer there and the home that is not yet here? This theoretical article is an invitation to address these questions from a semiotic cultural psychology perspective. The article emphasizes the importance of both geographical and semiotic movements in understanding the migration process. It shifts the focus away from tangible aspects of migration and toward the imagined and desired aspects of the process of homemaking. The concept of home is explored as a semiotic construction that guides human meaning-making processes, emphasizing its affective value and highlighting the dynamic dialectics of home and non-home. This alternative conceptualization offers new ways of understanding homemaking and being at home, beyond the commonly celebrated ideals of being settled or always being on the move. Finally, the article discusses the dynamic and developmental nature of migration, which can both threaten and open up opportunities for transformation and development, and suggests some general methodological principles that could guide research concerning the interplay between homemaking, migration, and culture.

DESIGN THINKING IN THE VISUALIZATION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN THE AGRARIAN SPHERE: SCIENCE AND ART

The article represents an attempt to comprehend the possibilities of applying general methodological principles of design thinking in the process of planning and developing innovative economic development projects in the agricultural sector. The relations of design and visualization as the science and art processes in the economy are outlined. It is noted that smart agriculture uses advanced technologies such as sensors, devices, machines and information technology, robots, GPS technologies, which will allow farms to be more profitable, efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly. The authors claim that the goal of digitalization of agriculture is to achieve a significant increase in the efficiency and sustainability of its functioning through fundamental changes in the quality of management of both technological processes and decision-making processes at all levels of the hierarchy, based on modern production methods, and the further use of information about the state of controlled elements and subsystems, as well as states of the economic environment of agriculture. Based on a study of the use of visualization technologies within the framework of the philosophy of design thinking, it is shown that the introduction of digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex will dramatically increase labor productivity and reduce risks in agriculture. In modern conditions of intense competition, digitalization based on such projects will give the agricultural sector of any country (which is especially important for developing countries) great competitive advantages.

Новый подход к координации системы управления трудовым потенциалом предприятия

The management of the industrial personnel labor potential in conditions of uncertainty is a relevant scientific problem. The purpose of the study is to improve the coordination of the enterprise's labor potential management system. The advantage of the labor potential category is its multilevel nature, which makes it possible to study the labor potential of an individual employee as well as personnel of the enterprise as a whole. The article considers labor potential coordination management through a set of basic principles, interacting quantitative and qualitative characteristics that exhibit dynamically changing integration qualities. The specification of the principles makes it possible to ensure the coordination of the enterprise’s labor potential management system. The author identifies the factors that can be influenced by the enterprise management; specify the measurable factors, which can help the enterprise to coordinate the labor potential management system; evaluate the influence of each group of factors. The study uses the general methodological principle of the management systems of industrial enterprises study and a management survey for the diagnosis of internal problems.

ВИКЛИКИ ВІЙСЬКОВОГО ЧАСУ ДЛЯ ДП «ДЕРЖДОРНДІ» ТА ШЛЯХИ ЇХ ПОДОЛАННЯ

Introduction. On February 24, Ukrainian scientists (as well as the entire state) found themselves in the new terrible realities of a great war that is still ongoing, and today no one will predict the time and conditions of its end. But despite the changed and complicated conditions of today, scientific institutions continue to work fruitfully and effectively. DerzhdorNDI SE Institute is one of such institutions. In the extremely difficult conditions, DerzhdorNDI SE team is doing everything to maintain its powerful scientific potential and direct it to strengthen the country's defense capability, restoration and reconstruction of road infrastructure. Problems. The topic is to clearly define the ways (methods, mechanisms) to overcome the difficulties faced by the scientific enterprise since the beginning of the military invasion, to analyze their impact on the enterprise activities, to identify and prescribe effective countermeasures with minimal impact on the workforce and production process. Objective. To highlight the main challenges faced by the Institute during the war, to identify ways to solve them to ensure not only the effective functioning of the enterprise under martial law, but also to ensure the further rapid restoration of the damaged and destroyed road infrastructure of Ukraine. Materials and methods. The article is a review. The article uses a systematic approach, which is a set of general scientific methodological principles (requirements) based on the consideration of objects as systems. The object in this article is DerzhdorNDI SE enterprise. Results. The article highlights the peculiarities of its functioning at the enterprise level since the beginning of the military invasion, which continues to work effectively in the scientific field of road industry, taking into account the difficult conditions and challenges of the external environment.

«Мы – содружество, мы – общество, но мы не школа…»: к столетию объединения «Серапионовы братья»

This article reviews the materials of a multi-author monograph dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the literary association “Serapion brothers”. This project has united researchers from Saratov, Moscow, St Petersburg, considered to be renowned experts in the history of Russian literature of the 1920–1930s. The research is based on the unique documents from the Serapion brothers’ legacy being introduced into the scientific circulation (K. Fedin, Vs. Ivanov, N. Tikhonov, V. Kaverin, I. Gruzdev). The documents are kept in the funds of the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow), Literary Museum of the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences (The Pushkin House), National Library of Russia (Saint Petersburg), State Museum of K. A. Fedin (Saratov). Their interpretation allows to fill the factual gaps in the history of the association and in the biographies of its members, to define the system of creative and interpersonal relationships between them more precisely. The monograph’s intention is unified by the material itself, by the general methodological principles of working with archive materials, by the presence of several recurrent plots, appearing in different articles. Among them there is a plot, rather appropriate for the anniversary edition, about different anniversaries of Serapion brothers, discussions of Eurasianism, of the nature of genre, of the “red Pinkerton”. The issues of censorship and self-censorship, questions of text studies and principles of ego-documents’ publication hold a prominent place on the pages of the monograph. These questions are not only theoretical, they have a rather practical significance in preparing the full texts of K. A. Fedin’s diaries for publication, on which the creative team is working. The monograph itself manifests the implementation of the proclaimed principles, as it is supplemented by wide-ranging reference materials, which offer great opportunities of further research of the literary phenomenon of Serapion brothers.

Recommendations for the removal of contradictions and lacunas in the effective orthography of the borrowing words

The article analyzes the section “Spelling of words of foreign origin” in the current edi­tion of “Ukrainian Spelling”, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine on May 22, 2019. Attention is focused on contradictions in the transmission of the phonetic and graphic structure of borrowings in the wording of some rules. They were found primarily in the consistent non-distinction of the methods of transcribing and transliterating to convey the sound or letter structure of the prototypes of individual groups of words in the source languages of borrowing. The traditional spelling of some words also needs justification. Emphasis is placed on the need to determine the chronology, area of distri­bution, and authority of the writings to which the definitions “usually” and “according to tradition” are applied in this section. Attention was also drawn to the inaccuracy of such definitions as “imitation of the sound in the original language” or “entered into the Ukrainian language in an adapted form”, which should be replaced by precise in­structions on the use of transcription or transliteration to convey in Ukrainian writing this or that word of foreign origin. It is also emphasized the need to present in the spelling code of the language the general methodological principles of transmitting the formal structure of words of foreign origin. In such an introductory part, the definition of the concept of “words of foreign origin”, its relationship with the concepts of “borrowing”, “tracing” and others, should be given, as well as the criteria for choosing the spelling of those words, the spelling of which is difficult and requires special rules. The improvement of Ukrainian spelling in its new editions also involves a careful and thoughtful selection of examples and text illustrations. Its Ukrainian-centricity is emphasized as a reference to the system of the Ukrainian language, typological features of its nomination and predication, defining components of Ukrainian national and lin­guistic identity. Keywords: Ukrainian orthography, borrowing words, adaption, transcription, transliteration.

ИММАНУИЛ КАНТ У ИСТОКОВ КОНЦЕПТУАЛИЗАЦИИ ФЕНОМЕНА «МИРОВОЗЗРЕНИЕ»

The author refers to the philosophical heritage of I. Kant, analyzes the general methodological principles of the integrity of his criti-cal philosophy, which had an impact on the formation and further conceptualization of the phenomenon of "worldview". In this regard, the significance of Kant's "anthropological turn" of philosophy, the idea of a priori, transcendental dialectics and transcen-dental aesthetics is substantiated. Emphasis is placed on the work "Criticism of the ability of judgment", in the context of which the thinker uses and interprets the concept of "worldview" for the first time.

Модель формирования профессионально-важных качеств кадет в системе дополнительного образования московской школы

The purpose of the study is theoretical substantiation and empirical verification of the effectiveness of the process of formation of professionally important qualities among cadets in the system of additional education within the framework of the project “Cadet class in Moscow school”. The task of the study necessitated the development of a model for the formation of professionally important qualities of cadets in the additional education of the Moscow school, to determine the indicators and levels that evaluate the effectiveness of their formation. The study used activity-based, personality-oriented, culturological methodological approaches, united by the general methodological principle of consistency. A model for the formation of professionally important qualities of cadets has been developed, which allows for theoretical and applied research. The pedagogical conditions for the formation of professionally important qualities of cadets that contribute to improving the effectiveness of the system of additional education of the Moscow school are determined. The expected social consequences of the practical use of the research results will be the high readiness of cadets to study at military universities. The originality of the research remains relevant and valuable not only due to the short duration of the project, which led to the fact that such a phenomenon as the formation of professionally important qualities of cadets of the project “Cadet class in Moscow school” has not found proper consideration in psychological and pedagogical research, but also in the fact that the above process is different complexity, has different dynamics of formation, features of its manifestation in students.

COMPUTER MODELING OF ECONOMIC PROCESSES USING FRACTAL ANALYSIS METHODS

The development of modern information and analytical technologies opens up new opportunities for economic analysis and forecasting of market situations. Many technologies of modern financial analysis are based on the efficient market hypothesis, according to which price changes in the securities market in logarithmic coordinates represent a random (Gauss) process. However, studies of the last 30 years show that this is not the case and the usual statistical model is not suitable for analyzing most economic indicators. The effective roar hypothesis is replaced by the fractal theory and the fractal market hypothesis based on the concept of self-similarity in different time scales. The article is devoted to the mathematical and statistical analysis of the dynamics of economic indicators based on the theory of fractals. The results of the fractal analysis of the time series of the dynamics of the EUR/RUB exchange rate for the period 2013-2022 by the method of the normalized Hearst swing are presented. The result of the study was the identification of the fractal properties of the specified time series, the proof of its nonlinearity and the presence of the effect of long-term memory in the dynamics. The results obtained prove the necessity of using specialized fractal methods for further research and forecasting the dynamics of time series with a self-similar statistical structure.
 Purpose of the work is to analyze economic processes based on the tools of fractal mathematics.
 The method or methodology of work: in the course of the research, general methodological principles of scientific cognition were used: comparative, analytical, abstract-logical analyses, economic-mathematical, economic-statistical models and modeling using modern software. The calculations were carried out using the application programs Microsoft Excel, Statistica, R, Matrixer.
 Results: we have identified fractal properties of the financial time series, justified the need to use new methods of forecasting economic indicators.
 Scope of the results: it is advisable to apply the obtained results to economists, traders and business analysts studying the dynamics of economic and financial indicators.

Integration of survey data and digital footprints: an overview of the main methodological approaches

The main purpose of current study is to review the main existing methodological approaches to the integration of survey data and digital traces that are used in sociological research. The paper examines key arguments in the current methodological discussion about the place of big digital data in contemporary social science research. The authors make an attempt to scrutinize the practice of integrating survey data and digital traces through the concept of “reactive – nonreactive” measurement. The possible functions of digital traces in the design of the study are indicated (on the example of social media data). On the example of three research areas (the study of media consumption, media effects and electoral behavior) general methodological principles for integrating data of different nature are demonstrated and possible prospects for the development of these approaches is described. The article discusses a wide range of methodological issues: problems of the data linking validity; potential threats to the validity of digital traces; opportunities to improve survey questionnaire, to enrich data, to search for new valid indicators of socio-political processes and to provide cross-validation of research results. The current practices of integrating administrative data are considered as well.

Approaches to studies of the profitability of businesses in the war economy conditions

Research aim. The purpose of the study is to form a complete and clear idea of approaches to calculating the profitability of Ukrainian enterprises in the conditions of a war economy, which is especially relevant in the conditions of a full-scale war between the Russian Federation and Ukraine.Research methods: positivism, which assumes the presence and application of various scientific paradigms and theories within certain scientific disciplines; systematic approach; general methodological principles of the system approach, empirical method and method of idealization; comparison, analysis, synthesis, interpretation, generalization.Research results. A complete and clear understanding of approaches to calculating the profitability of Ukrainian enterprises in the conditions of the military economy was formed. The concept of the military economy was also clarified. Under peaceful conditions and a market economy, as well as under conditions of a hybrid war while maintaining market relations in part of the state’s territories, three main groups of indicators should be used to calculate the profitability of enterprises: cost, income, and resource. To calculate the profitability of enterprises of the military-industrial complex, it is also worth using a specific indicator, which consists in weighing the combat effect of manufactured products on their cost price.Potential application of the research results: on the basis of the developed provisions, it is possible to develop organizational and methodical provisions for the analysis of profitability in the conditions of the military economy.Conclusions. The branches of the war economy were examined, and the fact that they were all related to the branches of the normal peacetime market economy was emphasized. After considering the existing classifications, a generalized version was given that divides the military economy into the following areas: 1) purely military production of means of armed struggle, 2) civilian production of means of armed struggle, 3) civilian production of ordinary civilian products, 4) military economy.In the traditional form, the concept of profitability in the conditions of the war economy is absent. Instead, in order to analyze at least the efficiency of the production process, it is suggested to limit the use of indicators of the productivity of the enterprise’s activity and to estimate labor productivity in the calculation of one employee or per unit of working time.
 JEL classіfіcatіon: D20, H56

COVID-19 target Sphere in English-language media text (based on The Economist magazine)

The subject of the study is a conceptual metaphor in the English-language media text. The current vocabulary associated with coronavirus infection is taken as an analysis. The cognitive paradigm of language research is based on the general methodological principle of cognitive linguistics: to draw conclusions about the structures of consciousness from the facts of language. The article examines certain images in relation to the description of COVID-19 in the modern English-language media text. Special attention is paid to the selection of ontological, orientation and structural metaphors, where the target sphere is SARS COV-2. Metaphorical expressions are analyzed, which are recognized as an important tool for the study of the conceptual sphere of a person. The main conclusions of the study are the fact that the COVID in the English text is considered as an ENTITY, an ANIMAL and the SEA. Highlighting the conceptual metaphors COVID-19 IS A SUBSTANCE, COVID-19 IS AN ANIMAL, COVID-19 IS A SEA, we came to the conclusion that the British consider coronavirus infection as something tangible, dangerous and endless.Different metaphors highlight different sides of the same phenomenon, and the speaker/writer always chooses between them, guided by current communicative goals. Each metaphor inevitably emphasizes, or highlights, some aspects of a particular concept, and obscures others.

Ukrainian industry in the world "landscape": trends in the context of long-term development objectives

The article presents results of a scientific and analytical study of the main trends in the Ukrainian industry, which characterize the features of its functioning and development in the last two decades against the background of similar processes in the world. The main accents are made on the analysis of the compliance of tendencies in Ukraine with the world and European trends of dynamic and structural development of industry. The processes of implementation in the national industry of the SDG-9 sectoral goal as a set of tasks within the framework of the concept of sustainable and inclusive development of manufacturing have also been studied. For comparative analytical studies, information and analytical resources of recognized international institutions were used, which systematically carry out constant monitoring and rating assessments of the current state and development of processes in the world economy on general methodological principles. It has been established that currently the industry of Ukraine is dominated mainly by short-term trends, which are formed and quickly change under the influence of market fluctuations. Starting from 2013, the leading role in accelerating the negative phenomena is played by the foreign policy factor – the military aggression of the Russian Federation. A factor that significantly worsens the current state of competitiveness and the potential for long-term industrial development of Ukraine is the decline of high-tech industries share in the manufacturing industry. This led to a decrease in the pace and relative volumes of value added creation in Ukrainian industry in comparison with global and regional indicators. Based on the data of well-known world ratings (CIP, SDG), the most problematic areas of the national industry were identified in the context of solving priority tasks of long-term development in conditions of accelerating technological transformations. Strategic directions are proposed that should fall into the focus of a long-term state industrial policy – structural development, stable internal demand, balanced exports.

Influence of Elastic–Plastic Deformation on the Structure and Magnetic Characteristics of 13Cr-V Alloyed Steel Pipe

The principle of symmetry is one of the general methodological principles of science. The effects of any external influences, such as deformation, stresses, temperature, etc., could lead to the anisotropy (asymmetry) of properties in constructional materials. During operation, metal structures and machine parts are exposed to time-varying external mechanical loads, which can cause changes in the metal structure, the initiation of cracks, and, as a result, the destruction of the product. The application of nondestructive testing methods prevents changes in the stress–strain state and, consequently, the destruction of the object. This article contains the results of studying the effects of elastic–plastic deformation by uniaxial tension and torsion on the change in the structure and magnetic parameters of low-alloy 13Cr-V pipe steel. Modern methods of metallography and magnetic nondestructive testing methods were used as part of this study. The results of the EBSD analysis showed that deformation during torsion, in contrast to uniaxial tension, is unevenly distributed over the sample cross section. In the cross section of the sample, the most severely deformed grains with a change in their geometry are observed near the surface; in the center, there is no change in geometry. During tension, the deformation over the cross section of the sample is uniformly distributed. Correlations between the applied normal and tangential stresses and magnetic characteristics of the 13Cr-V structural steel were determined. Informative parameters that could be used for the development of nondestructive testing methodologies for solving concrete tasks were determined. Different methods of deformation lead to diverse structural changes in grain structure.