General Exercise Research Articles

Effects of Post-Activation Performance Enhancement on Competitive Swimmers’ Performance: A Systematic Review

Study purpose. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of post-activation potentiation/post-activation performance enhancement (PAP/PAPE) warm-up protocols on swimmers’ performance. Materials and methods. The searches were carried out on the electronic database PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO platforms. Studies from 2010 to May 2022 related to PAP/PAPE and its effect on swimming performance in swimmers aged between 18 and 35 were included. Results. Nine of 333 studies were included in this review. In two studies, peak thrust improved by 13% to 19% for PAP vs non-PAP and by 3% on performance. One study showed improvements by 10% on speed and speed fluctuation in 25 m all-out PAP vs non-PAP. Rate of force development (RFD) 15 m maximum effort was higher for dry land warm up (DLWU) than swimming warm up (SWU). One study had higher velocity in 5 m for repetition maximum warm-up (RMWU) and eccentric fly-wheel warm-up (EWU) vs SWU. One study demonstrated enhancements for upper-body PAP (UBPAP), low-body PAP (LBPAP) and MIX (UBPAP/LBPAP) vs warm up based on general exercises (GEN) in time to 25 m freestyle (T25FS). Two studies found improvements for band squats PAP compared to swimming specific warm up (SSWU) in time to 15 m. One study demonstrated that PAP trial (PAPT) was faster than control time trial (CTT) in 50 m and 100 m freestyle trial. Dive velocity (DV) was faster for RMWU/EWU vs SWU. One study showed significant increase in power vertical force (PVF) and power horizontal force (PHF) after the PAP vs SSWU. Conclusions. PAP/PAPE is one more tool that can be beneficial if adapted to the conditions of swimmers, controlling fatigue levels, where it is performed (land or water), and most importantly, described by many coaches, the specificity of movement.

A multicomponent physical activity home-based intervention for fibromyalgia patients: effects on clinical and skin biopsy features.

Adapted physical activity (APA) has been recommended for fibromyalgia (FM) treatment as an essential component of a biopsychosocial therapeutic approach for patients. Previous studies report that aerobic and resistance training are the most effective programs in improving the quality of life and psycho-physical well-being. Patients with FM are frequently affected by an impairment of small fibers innervation, which is evident in the proximal somatic districts. Therefore, this pilot randomised controlled not pharmacological trial aimed to investigate if a 12-week home-based multicomponent (aerobic and resistance training and mobility) physical activity (PA) intervention was effective in improving pain perception, FM-related disability, and IntraEpidermal Nerve Fibers Density (IENFD) in adult FM patients. Thirty-four female subjects with a fibromyalgia diagnosis (51.5±11.88 years) were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=17) that received a supervised home-based multicomponent PA intervention twice a week and a control group (n=17) that received a generic program of aerobic exercise. Skin biopsy was performed before the physical program and after 18 months with constant execution of the supervised PA intervention or generic aerobic exercise. Both groups assumed pharmacological treatment with duloxetine and/or pregabalin. We found that the group performing physical activity in a supervised and regular way showed a significant improvement in the Fibromyalgia-linked invalidity questionnaire (FIQ) as well as epidermal fibers density at proximal and distal sites. Physical activity could improve FM outcomes, with a possible beneficial impact on peripheral factors contributing to pain-related disability.

#4699 QUALITY OF LIFE AS REPRESENTED BY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY WAS IMPROVING AFTER FULL CORRECTION OF POST-TRANSPLANT ANEMIA

Abstract Background and Aims Recent studies showed positive impact of correction of post-transplant anemia (PTA) on general health, exercise capacity, and physical scores. So we conducted this prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess quality of life after full correction of post-transplant anemia in renal recipients receiving erythropoietin stimulating agents. Method We recruited 247 kidney transplant recipients with stable graft function in this RCT with 2 groups according to their target hemoglobin (11-12 g/dl, group 1, n = 183) and (13:15 g/dl (group 2, n = 64) which was achieved using erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESA). Monthly clinical and laboratory evaluation of kidney graft function was carried out. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed –using 25 and 36 questionnaires-at the start and 12 months. Results We observed more females in group 1 and the original kidney disease was chronic glomerulonephritis was significantly higher in group 2 (37.5%) followed by diabetic nephropathy (15.7%) while in group 1 it came as 25.7% and 22.4% respectively (p<0.05).The studied groups were comparable regarding pre-transplant co-morbidities. Most patients received thymoglobulin as induction and most of them were maintained on cyclosporine. We did not find any significant difference between the two groups concerning post-transplant co-morbidities (p >0.05), however better graft function was observed in group 2 at 6 months (p< 0.05). At 12 months, the assessment of QoL using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, group 1 showed better post-transplant physical features and higher emotional factors related inactivity at 12 month (p<0.05), while group 2 showed significantly higher basal and 12 months activity state (p = 0.05). Basal inactivity was comparable in group 2 with that at 12 months (p>0.05), emotional factors related inactivity was significantly higher at 12 months in group 1. Graft outcome was comparable between both groups (p = 0.125), (p = 0.005). Conclusion Quality of life as represented by physical activity was improving by full correction of PTA in renal transplant recipients receiving ESA.

Care seek behavior for low back pain in southern Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic: a panel data analysis

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, people with low back pain (LBP) might have avoided seeking care for their pain. We aimed to investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected LBP care seeking behavior among adults.MethodsData from four assessments of the PAMPA cohort were analyzed. Participants who reported experiencing LBP during wave one both before and during social restrictions (n = 1,753 and n = 1,712, respectively), wave two (n = 2,009), and wave three (n = 2,482) were included. We asked participants about sociodemographic, behavioral, and health factors and outcomes related to LBP. Poisson regression analyses were conducted, and data are presented as prevalence ratios (PR) and respective 95% confidence interval (95%CI).ResultsOverall, care seeking behavior decreased by half in the first months of restrictions, from 51.5% to 25.2%. Although there was an increase in care seeking behavior observed in the other two assessments (nearly 10 and 16 months after restrictions), it was insufficient to reach pre-pandemic levels. In the first months of restrictions, a similar scenario was observed for specific care, such as general practitioner and exercise professional care, with proportions of pre-pandemic levels reached after 10 and 16 months. Women were more likely to seek care for LBP 10 and 16 months after restrictions (PR 1.30 95%CI 1.11; 1.52, PR 1.22 95%CI 1.06; 1.39, respectively). Also, those participants who worked, were physically active, and reported pain-related disability and high pain levels were more likely to seek care at all time points assessed.ConclusionOverall, care-seeking behavior for LBP significantly decreased in the first months of restrictions and increased in the following months; however, this behavior remained lower than pre-pandemic levels.

(116) A Pilot Randomized Trial of a Telehealth Pelvic Yoga Program for Women with Chronic Pelvic Pain

Abstract Introduction One in seven women suffer from chronic pelvic pain (CPP), a syndrome associated with decreased sexual desire, decreased enjoyment of sexual activity, and increased conflict with sexual partners. Pelvic yoga has been recommended as a complementary community-based management strategy for CPP, given its potential to address multiple contributors to this complex pain syndrome. However, it is unclear whether pelvic yoga instruction can be delivered in a way that is accessible and acceptable for diverse women with CPP in the community. Objective To evaluate the feasibility of a telehealth-based pelvic yoga program for women with CPP and examine preliminary changes in pain-related sexual and overall functioning with yoga instruction and practice. Methods The Program to Overcome Pelvic Pain studY (POPPY) is a pilot randomized trial of a telehealth-based pelvic yoga program designed by an expert yoga panel to address multiple contributors to CPP in women. From 2020 to 2022, women who reported pelvic pain for at least 6 months and at least 4 out of 10 on a pain severity scale were recruited from multiple communities in northern California and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the telehealth-based study yoga program or an equivalent-time stretching-strengthening control program. Women in the yoga program participated in twice-weekly group videoconference yoga classes supplemented by weekly individual practice of study-specific Hatha yoga techniques; women in the control group took part in equivalent-time group classes and individual practice of general muscle stretching-strengthening exercises that avoided engaging the pelvic floor. Structured diaries and questionnaires assessed participants’ adherence and self-efficacy in practicing intervention techniques as well as their pain-related functioning after 2 months of intervention instruction and another 2 months of maintenance practice. Results Among 36 women randomized over 3 intervention waves (12 women per wave), mean age was 51 (range 27 to 77) years, 33% self-identified as racial or ethnic minorities, and 81% were married or had sexual partners. Eighty-six percent completed the 2-month intervention programs; of these, 87% completed at least 14 of 16 group telehealth classes. Among women completing yoga instruction, 86% felt it was easier to attend yoga classes by telehealth rather than in person. The yoga intervention was associated with improvements in multiple domains of the validated Impact of Female Chronic Pelvic Pain Questionnaire (IFCPPQ), with mean (SD) scores on the IFCPPQ sexual impact subscale decreasing 12.0 (±25.4) points after 2 months of yoga instruction (P=.15) and 20.0 (±21.2) points after another 2 months of maintenance practice (P=.02). Modest improvements in multiple IFCPPQ domains were also observed in the stretching-strengthening control group, although changes in IFCPPQ sexual impact scores did not reach statistical significance among controls (Table 1). Conclusions Findings demonstrate the feasibility of engaging women with chronic pelvic pain in a telehealth-based pelvic yoga program and provide preliminary evidence of improvement in pelvic pain-related sexual function associated with yoga practice. If yoga can be taught in a way that is appropriate and accessible to diverse women in the community, it may offer a promising complementary management strategy for CPP. Disclosure No

Narrative review – Barriers and facilitators to promotion of physical activity in primary care

AbstractThe objectiveto provide an overview of the literature on the barriers and facilitators to physical activity (PA) promotion in primary care, as experienced by practitioners and patients.MethodA search strategy of the English‐language literature was conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE and the COCHRANE LIBRARY. Search terms were primary care OR general practice OR family medicine OR family practitioner AND physical activity OR exercise AND barriers OR facilitators. Databases were searched from inception until 21 October 2022.ResultsAfter screening, 63 articles were included within the summary and content analysis of this review. Analysis of the barriers to the implementation of PA highlighted four main themes perceived by practitioners: time, knowledge/skills, resources/support and financial implications. Analysis of the patient perspective identified themes which were categorised into individual (pre‐existing health conditions, knowledge of benefits of PA, time/capacity), societal (social support and cultural norms) and environmental (availability of facilities and weather).ConclusionsAs the importance of PA increases through the manifestation of sedentary behaviour‐related disease, a combined primary care and public health approach to increase PA is required. By identifying the main barriers to PA promotion in primary care, resources and funding can be directed to address this. This is particularly relevant in the United Kingdom, with the re‐negotiation of the primary care contract and the changes to healthcare delivery as a consequence of the Covid‐19 pandemic. Throughout this review, we have explored ways of addressing the identified barriers through evidence‐based interventions.

Validation of upper thermal thresholds for outdoor sports using thermal physiology modelling

ABSTRACT Thermal safety guidelines with upper thresholds aim to protect athletes’ health, yet evidence-based sport-specific thresholds remain unestablished. Experimenting with athletes in severely hot conditions raises ethical concerns, so we used a thermo-physiological model to validate the thresholds of guidelines for outdoor sports. First, the reproducibility of the joint system thermoregulation model (JOS-3) of core temperature has been validated for 18 sports experiments (n = 213) and 11 general exercise experiments (n = 121) using the Bland – Altman analysis. Then, core temperatures were predicted using the JOS-3 in conditions corresponding to the upper thresholds, and if the 90th–99.7th percentile core temperature value (corresponding to 0.3%–10% of the participants) exceeded 40°C, the thresholds were judged as potentially hazardous. Finally, we proposed revisions for sports with potentially hazardous thresholds. As a result, the JOS-3 could simulate core temperature increases in most experiments (27/29) for six sports and general exercises with an accuracy of 0.5°C. The current upper thresholds for marathons, triathlons, and football are potentially hazardous. Suggested revisions, based on specified percentiles, include: Football: revise from wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) 32°C to 29–31°C or not revise. Marathon: revise from WBGT 28°C to 24–27°C. Triathlon: revise from WBGT 32.2°C to 23–26°C. If conducting sports events under the revised upper thresholds proves difficult, taking measures for a possible high incidence of heat illness becomes crucial, such as placing additional medical resources, assisting heat acclimatization and cooling strategies for participants, and rule changes such as shorter match times and increased breaks.

Implementation of the key competence of lifelong learning in physical education

The article reveals issues related to ways of implementing the key competency "Learning throughout life" in the physical education of schoolchildren in general secondary education institutions. Pedagogical situations and methodical techniques that physical culture teachers can use during class and outside of school are outlined. On the basis of the modular control work, which is a mandatory component of the program of advanced training courses "Modernization of school physical education in the conditions of the new Ukrainian school" for physical education teachers, which are held on the basis of Ivan Boberskyi Lviv State University of Physical Education, the ways of implementing this key competence by means of physical education. Physical education teachers during course retraining (134 people, of them: 72 people of the highest qualification category, which is 53,74%; 29 people – I category (21,64%); 12 – II category (8,96%); 18 – specialists (13,43%); 3 – young specialists (2,24%) carried out simulations of a physical education lesson based on the competence approach, created pedagogical situations and methodological techniques, with the help of which innovations were introduced into various forms of physical education. that in the development of the key competence "Lifelong learning" it is possible to highlight pedagogical situations, methodical techniques that encourage solving educational, health-related, developmental tasks during the physical education lesson and in extracurricular time. from the medical group, to show creativity and creativity in compiling individual complexes of general developmental exercises taking into account individual characteristics, interest reasons and motives.
 It was established that, according to the results of the modular control work, the formation of the key competence "Learning throughout life" is of particular importance for students who are directed to preparatory and special medical groups, since improving the health of students is the main motive in the search and assimilation of the necessary information.

THE APPLICATION OF GENERAL ENDURANCE EXERCISES TO IMPROVE 3000-METER ARMED RUNS OF MALE MILITIA FORCES AGED 25-28 IN HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM

A 3000-meter run with guns, a common physical exercise to train endurance in military force, is one of the training and competition contents for male soldiers of the Vietnam People's Armed Forces in general and militia forces in particular. The purpose of this study was to build up a general endurance exercise for male militia forces aged 25-28 in Ho Chi Minh City. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the difference between the experimental and control groups, while Paired sample t-test was used to identify the difference between the pre- and post-experimental. By using the general methods in sport, 12 general endurance exercises were selected and applied for male militia forces in 3000-meter armed runs. Besides, the result showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups (the experimental group had higher scores when compared with the control one) after eight weeks of training.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0004/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Association of dietary glycemic load during pregnancy with gestational weight gain and fetal physical development

To investigate the situation of women's dietary glycemic load during pregnancy and explore the correlations between dietary glycemic index(GI) and gestational weight gain and fetal physical development. The study was conducted in women in the third trimester of pregnancy and their new-born babies. The gestational dietary information was collected through a 3-day 24-hour dietary review. The general demographic information, diet and physical exercise, and weight were collected in questionnaire investigations, and the glycemic load during pregnancy were calculated. Participant were dived into low-glycemic-load group, middle-glycemic-load group and high-glycemic-load group according to the glycemic load. Gestational weigh gain, birth weight and birth length were measured. Multiple linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between glycemic load during pregnancy and gestational weight gain and fetal growth. The mean gestational glycemic load was 149.21±46.33. Women in high-glycemic-load group had higher intake of grain, potato, bacteria and algae, fruit, poultry and dairy but lower intake of aquatic product(P<0.05). The mean gestational weight gain was(15.03±4.35)kg. The mean fetal weight and birth length was(3229.18±375.09)g and(49.60±1.48)cm. Women in high-glycemic-load group had higher gestational weight gain(P<0.05). Multiple linear regression indicated that dietary glycemic load during pregnancy was postively correlated with gestational weight gain and birth length(β_1=0.011, β=0.003, P<0.05). The higher dietary glycemic load during pregnancy is, the higher gestational weight gain and birth length will be.

Effect of capsular stretch on frozen shoulder

Frozen shoulder is a chronic disabling disease of the shoulder. The management of the frozen shoulder are numerous, but the studies show their own limitation. Biomechanically, it was noted that the cause of the frozen shoulder is capsular tightness. However, previous studies are not explained this well. So, this study was designed to identify the effect of capsular stretch on a frozen shoulder. Study was conducted at the OPD of physiotherapy, Chettinad Super Specialist Hospital, Chennai. Two hundred and twenty participants were selected for the study. Screening was conducted for these participants, and eighty were recruited for the study. They were all randomly allocated into two groups, with twenty-five (25) in each. Group I, with 25 subjects,, was given capsular stretching for 15 minutes and moist heat therapy for 10 mins. Group II, with 25 subjects, was given general shoulder exercises for 15 minutes and moist heat therapy for 10 mins. All the subjects were taught with Codman’s pendular exercises as a home programme. Study was conducted for eight (8) weeks. The outcomes selected in this study are pain and range of motion (Abduction & External rotation). This was assessed using a Numerical pain rating scale and Goniometer. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0. The NPR and ROM variables were examined using the unpaired ‘t’-test with the 0.05%. The result of the study shows that the ‘t’ value for the NPR is 20.25 ± 0.15 with p< 0.05%, the Abduction range of motion is 15.6 ± 2.77, and External rotation is 15.04 ± 1.53. This indicates a marked difference obtained among Group I and Group II, as well as a substantial variation between the pre-intervention and post-intervention values. This study concluded that capsular stretching had significantly improved pain and shoulder range of motion more than shoulder exercises.

중둔근 강화 운동을 포함한 무릎관절 재활 운동 프로그램이 무릎관절 전치환술 환자의 무릎관절 기능장애 및 근기능에 미치는 영향

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of exercise programs, including gluteus medius muscle strengthening on knee joint function score, strength, and pain for 12 weeks at the beginning after total knee replacement. The subjects were selected for 14 patients, 7 were randomly distributed to the general rehabilitation exercise group and 7 to the gluteus medius exercise group. The subjects performed exercise three times a week, 30 to 50 minutes per session. In K-WOMAC, the gluteus medius exercise group was applied significantly decreased(p=.016), and there was a significant difference in both groups in the post-measurement between groups(p=.034). In VAS, both groups showed a significant decrease (p=.002), (p=.007) compared to prior and post(p=.047). In muscle function of the knee joint, both groups significantly increased in extension(p=.031) and flexion(p=.039) strength(60°/sec) and muscle endurance (180°/sec) compared to prior and post measurements(p=.018), (p=.039). It is considered that if the gluteus medius muscle strengthening exercise is applied to patients with total knee replacement, it is believed that basic data can be provide for rapid recovery after surgery and improvement of function in daily life by improving knee joint dysfuction, muscle function, and pain.

Influence of general and special preparatory exercises on the development of speed- strength qualities of young boxers 15-16 years old in the preparatory period

Competitive activity in combat sports during the fight has a peculiarity of reducing the manifestation of speed-strength qualities, it requires the use of special exercises in the training process at the end of the lesson. At the same time, among young boxers aged 15-16, one of the main qualities is speed- strength, which, according to many scientists, should be developed at the beginning of the main part of training. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to determine the effectiveness of the use of general and special preparatory training means for the development of speed-strength qualities in various parts of the training session among young boxers of 15-16 years old. The study involved 24 young boxers 15-16 years old. They were divided into two groups (12 athletes each). The experimental group carried out the training process according to the developed program aimed at the development of speed-strength qualities, the control group - according to the curriculum for children and youth sports schools in boxing. Results: The studies carried out show that the differentiated use of general and special preparatory exercises during the preparatory period is more significant than the traditional method, contributes to the development of speed-strength qualities in terms of control exercises, both in preparatory and indicators of the absolute and relative strength of punches and the explosive strength of the muscles of the upper limbs in the test 8 s. Conclusions: The results obtained indicate that the use of speed-strength exercises is advisable to use at the beginning and at the end of training according to the orientation of the training process in individual microcycles.

Patient-Centered Medicine and Self-Care of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Even though the prevalence rate of diabetes in Portugal is one of the highest in Europe, no studies on the association between patient centered medicine, diabetes self-care, and glycemic control have been published. Assuming that patient centered medicine increases adherence to treatment through the improvement of the doctor-patient relationship, the aim of this study was to assess the influence of patient-centered medicine on the self-care of patients with type 2 diabetes patients' (T2DM) in two Family Health Units in Central Portugal, according to gender and age. A cross-sectional study was conducted in two Family Health Units in Central Portugal between the 25th November 2021 and the 15th January 2022. Patients with type 2 diabetes were invited to fill in the Patient-Centered Medicine questionnaire, for patients (PCM-p) (where higher values represent worse results) and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure (SDSCAM), (where higher values represent better results), while healthcare professionals filled in the epidemiologic variables on pre-defined days. A sample of 298 patients with type 2 diabetes was studied. Linear regressions for the association between SDSCAM scale factors and PCM-p showed significant associations for general diet (β = -0.07, p < 0.001), specific diet (β = -0.10, p < 0.001), exercise (β = -0.03, p = 0.008), foot care (β = -0.11, p < 0.001) and medication adherence in general (β = -0.06, p = 0.001). Multiple linear regression including the association between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the SDSCAM scale dimensions showed that specific diet was associated with lower HbA1c levels (β = -0.01, p = 0.007) and blood sugar testing (β = 0.01, p < 0.001) and that a higher score in PCMp was associated with higher HbA1c levels (β = 0.06, p < 0.001). Male patients (β = -6.93, p = 0.007) and older patients (β = -0.42, p = 0.001) were associated with lower scores in the specific diet. The male gender was associated with higher scores in exercise (β = 7.62, p = 0.029), lower scores in foot care (β = -6.06, p = 0.029) and lower scores in medication adherence to injectable medicines/6.2 (β = -0.73, p = 0.018). Age was associated with a lower score in medication (β = -0.03, p = 0.045) and a higher PCMp total score (β = 0.07, p = 0.030). Patient-centered medicine in type 2 diabetics is associated with better self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Gender and age differences were observed in self-care behaviors and age differences were observed in Patient Centered Medicine.

Outcomes of Diabetes Care Intervention on Knowledge and Practice of Self-care in Some Rural and Urban Healthcare Facilities, Edo State

Abstract: Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is on the increase in Nigeria; consequently, there is a need to promote self-care practices among all patients. The study aimed to evaluate outcomes of diabetes care intervention on knowledge and practice of self-care among diabetes patients in rural and urban healthcare facilities in Edo State. Materials and Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional, data on knowledge and practice of selfcare among Diabetes patients were collected using self-developed and Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire. Analysis was both descriptive and inferential. Paired t-test was performed to compare the results from diabetes patients from General Hospital (GH), Abudu and Specialist Hospital (SH), Benin, and results were considered significant with P<0.05. Results: There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the knowledge of self-care among patients. Diabetes patients in specialist hospital, Benin had a better knowledge of self-care (mean score >3) than those in general hospital, Abudu. Diabetes patients from general hospital, Abudu (rural) comply more with a mean practice of diabetes self-care in general exercise (5.58±1.42) and specific exercises (5.44±0.98). Diabetes patients from specialist hospital, Benin test their blood sugars themselves and the number of times recommended. After 6 months of educational intervention on diabetes care, knowledge and practice of diabetes selfcare improved significantly (p<0.05) across the various domains, but with better performance in specialist hospital, Benin. Conclusion: The study justifies a low quality of diabetes care delivery in both rural and urban health care facilities and significantly improved with educational interventions. Keywords: Diabetes, Prevalence, Self-care, Knowledge, Practice.

A Survey of Neck Pain among Dentists of the Lebanese Community.

The majority of participants were between the ages of 25 and 35, and the gender distribution of the demographic distribution was comparable. The prevalence of pain was 86.8% (97/342 dentists). NDI analysis showed that 65.7% had mild disability, 12.8% have a moderate disability, and 1% had severe disability. Bivariate analysis showed that pain was affected by age (p=0.013), orthodontist practices (p=0.031), regular exercise (p < 0.001), using vibrating instruments (p < 0.001), cervical flexion for better vision while working (p < 0.001), knowledge, and experience about ergonomic posture (p < 0.005). Multivariate analysis showed four predictors for pain: age (p=0.017), performing stretching exercises after finishing clinical practice (p=0.022), orthodontist specialty (p=0.029), and performing cervical flexion for better vision while working (p=0.004). This study showed that through the application of some strategies such as stretching, exercising, and being careful in using vibrating instruments, the dentist may be able to relieve the pain.

The Western and Chinese exercise training for blood pressure reduction among hypertensive patients: An overview of systematic reviews.

Hypertension remains the world's leading cause of premature death. Interventions such as exercise, diet modification, and pharmacological therapy remain the mainstay of hypertension treatment. Numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses demonstrated the effectiveness of western exercises, such as aerobic exercise and resistance exercise, in reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients. There is recently emerging evidence of blood pressure reduction with Chinese exercises, such as Tai Chi, Baduanjin, and Qigong. The current overview of systematic reviews aims to evaluate the quality and descriptively summarize the evidence for the effectiveness of western and Chinese exercises for hypertension management. Thirty-nine systematic reviews were included in this overview, with 15 of those being on Chinese exercise. Evidence suggests that exercise training, regardless of Western or Chinese exercise, generally reduced both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. High-intensity intermittent training did not further reduce blood pressure when compared to moderate-intensity continuous training. Conflicting results on the effectiveness of blood pressure reduction when comparing Chinese and Western exercise training were observed. This suggests the comparable effectiveness of Chinese exercise training, in particularly Tai Chi, to general or aerobic exercise training in terms of blood pressure reduction. The Chinese exercise modality and intensity may be more suitable for the middle-aged and elderly population.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FORMATION BY MEANS OF DANCE SPORT

The article reveals the problems of special physical training of athletes-dancers. To master competitive programs, dancers need special physical training, which includes various parameters of locomotor skills and non-standard skills for performing complexly coordinated dance elements. Dance is not only a physical exercise, but also one of the forms of psychological relief. Unlike other physical exercises, dancing has no age restrictions. By examining the structure of dance movements, it can be stated that they have the dynamics of movement abilities, an emotional component, and the rhythmic content of music, which in general create a deep and interesting artistic image. High-speed dance movements performed with maximum amplitude require increased physical effort, strength, endurance, flexibility, and coordination of movements. Athletes- dancers of different age groups and skill levels need not only to improve, but also to maintain their physical form, which allows them to successfully perform at competitions. Therefore, when building the training process, it is worth paying attention to both the complex of general physical exercises and the complex of special exercises.&#x0D; Nowadays, it is impossible to achieve success in dance sport without a high level of development of these qualities since a decrease in their level in athletes-dancers leads to a deterioration in sports results.

Model of qualification for physical therapy program: experiences from the Mental Health Support Centre in Tarnowskie Góry, Poland.

IntroductionIn terms of physical and mental health benefits, psychiatric rehabilitation requires diverse therapeutic activities offered by an interdisciplinary team. In order for patients to be able to fully participate in social life, it is necessary to strengthen health-promoting activities, control the symptoms and side effects of pharmacological treatment, effectively manage resources and counteract interpersonal and environmental barriers caused by disability. Physical activity and exercise programs answer both psychosocial and biological aspects of health leading to higher self-efficacy, lower self-perceived stigma, longer lifespan and overall better quality of lifeObjectivesThe aim of this study is to present qualification process of adult patients for physical therapy program at the Mental Health Support Centre’s (Centrum Wsparcia Zdrowia Psychicznego, CWZP) daily rehabilitation unit in Tarnowskie Góry.MethodsAdult patients with diverse diagnoses (schizophrenia, affective disorders, anxiety disorders or organic mental disorders) and varied degree of functioning who met the admission criteria were accepted to the ward for a period of 12 weeks. During the stay, a wide range of therapeutic activities was offered, including individual psychological support, group work, art therapy, relaxation sessions, culinary/ dietary workshops, individual training and general fitness group exercises, as well as cognitive training (also via computer-based programs). Due to the COVID-19 epidemic, some of the activities have been limited.ResultsPhysical exercises, just as any treatment, should be offered in appropriate doses. Patients with mental disorders, especially severe mental illnesses, experience many barriers in engaging in physical activity and are under a greater risk of sedentary lifestyle. Thus, for the qualification, exercise tolerance assessment was performed in the form of 6-min Walk Test (6MWT) with Borg scale for subjective fatigue. Through aerobic capacity and endurance assessment patients’ respiratory system, cardiovascular system, and neuromuscular system functions can be evaluated. Functional fitness was assessed through 3 elements of Senior Fitness Test (SFT) (Back Scratch test, Up and go test, Chair Sit-and-Reach test) along with Romberg Test to evaluate the static and dynamic balance as well as flexibility of the upper and lower body.ConclusionsProperly planned and carried out qualification for the physical therapy program allows to adjust the activities to the needs of the patient. Additionally, it can be a tool to evaluate the achieved results at the end of the rehabilitation process.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

거골하 관절 축 균형운동 재활프로그램이 아킬레스건염 엘리트 운동선수의 발목 동적 안정성과 근 기능에 미치는 효과

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the visual analog scale (VAS), dynamic stability of the ankle joint, and isokinetic by applying SJABE to elite player with Achilles tendinitis. The purpose was to investigate the effect on muscle s trength. The s ubj ects o f this s tudy were 22 a thletes diagnosed with Achilles tendinitis and performed SJABE (n=11) and general balance exercise (GBE) (n=11) 3 times a week, 60 minutes each for 6 weeks. For the data of this study, the mean and standard deviation were calculated using the IBM SPSS 22.0 statistical program, and the effect of the subtalar joint axis balance exercise was performed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Paired t-test and verification of differences between groups were performed by independent t-test. In addition, the significance level for all statistical processing was set below α=0.05. Results of the study, SJABE Achilles tendinitis VAS (G: p＜.005, T: p＜.000, G×T: p＜.000), ankle dynamic stability (T: p＜.000, G×T: p＜.008), plantar flexion strength 60°/sec (T: p＜.000, G×T: p＜.000), and dorsi flexion strength 60°/sec (T: p＜.000) were improved. As a result of comparing SJABE and GBE in athletes with Achilles tendinitis, pain scale, ankle joint dynamic stability, and isokinetic muscle strength reduced Achilles tendon pain and improved ankle stability and muscle strength in both groups. Through this study, SJABE was found to be effective in preventing and rehabilitating damage to the Achilles tendon and ankle joint, and it is expected that it will lead to a safe daily life and a quick return to the sports field.