General Discipline Research Articles

Allport, Aristotle and Aquinas: An interdisciplinary definition of personality

Countless definitions of personality have been proposed throughout history. As a consequence, contemporary psychology lacks a definition that elicits broad consensus and avoids ambiguity. To overcome this difficulty it seems beneficial to draw on the field of philosophical anthropology, as an epistemologically prior and more general discipline. Understanding that a single manuscript cannot achieve consensus, an interdisciplinary contribution is proposed through a dialogue between two definitions of personality. On the one hand, that elaborated by the father of personality psychology, Gordon Allport, which is the best known and most cited of all. On the other hand, the one developed by Martín Echavarría, inspired by the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition. From this interdisciplinary dialogue, a variant of Echavarría's definition and a brief definition of personality are proposed. It is expected that this contribution would not only help to the study of personality, but also to the interdisciplinary development of the discipline of psychology.

Social Media Usage for Gratifying Information Need by University Students in Sindh Province, Pakistan

People use social media to gratify their informational needs in various fields like health, education, sports. Due to its great utility in politics, political communication on social media is studied by many scholars around the globe. However, very limited studies are carried out in Sindh province of Pakistan in this regard. This study fills the gap by providing research data about the use of social media among university students to seek political information. It employs a quantitative research design to collect data from 387 respondents from four general discipline universities of Sindh. The results revealed that university students in the majority use social media for political purposes. They seek political information about national matters more as compared to international ones and prefer news stories as they provide them with verified and updated political content. Moreover, Facebook is used more as compared to other networks for seeking political information.

Tactical bases of fire training of cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

The object of the research of the scientific article is the tactical basics of handling firearms during fire training. The subject of the study is the methods that develop the tactical basics of firearm ownership in the training of fire training. The aim of the study is to identify the most effective methods for conducting fire training classes aimed at developing tactical skills in handling firearms. Research objective is to determine the most effective and accessible methods in the process of handling firearms. The practical significance of the conducted research is to identify the most effective methods for training fire training, necessary for practical application. At the same time, attention is paid to strict compliance with safety measures when handling both training and combat weapons. The methodology of the conducted research is determined by its purpose and objectives. It is based on a systematic approach to the study of methods of training police officers in the practical use of firearms. The novelty of the scientific article lies in the development of author's methods in the study and testing of tactical actions of cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the handling of firearms during practical training. The training exercises were practically tested during the training of cadets and trainees at the initial stage of the practical part of fire training, during the development of tactical skills, it was carried out both idling and during combat shooting from small arms. The development of tactical actions with firearms allowed the trainees to form confident practical skills in handling firearms, which in turn affected the increase in the level of general discipline and the readiness of employees to act in practice.

Development of tactical skills in handling automatic firearms among cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

The object of the research of the article is the tactical basics of handling automatic firearms during fire training. The subject of the research is the tactical basics of possession of automatic firearms during the training of fire arms handling. The purpose of the study is to identify the most effective methods for conducting fire training classes aimed at developing handling skills of the students. Research aim is to determine the most effective and accessible methods in the process of handling automatic firearms. The practical significance of the conducted research consists in identifying the most effective methods for fire training training, necessary for practical application. At the same time, attention is paid to strict compliance with safety measures when handling both training and combat weapons during training. The methodology of the conducted research is determined by its purpose and objectives. It is based on a systematic approach to the study of methods of training police officers in the practical use of firearms. The novelty of the scientific article lies in the development of author's methods in the study and testing of tactical actions of cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the handling of automatic firearms during fire training. When practicing tactical skills, actions with automatic firearms were carried out both idling and during live firing. The training exercises were practically tested during the training of cadets and trainees at the stage of the practical part of fire training. The development of tactical actions allowed the trainees to form confident practical skills in handling automatic firearms, which in turn affected the increase in the level of general discipline and the readiness of employees to act in practice.

Research on Improvement of Rotation Teaching in Otolaryngology Department of General Discipline

Research on Improvement of Rotation Teaching in Otolaryngology Department of General Discipline

Возможна ли информатика как единая общедисциплинарная наука?

The article sets the task of analyzing existing research related to the information support of decision-making processes carried out by different authors in different periods of informatics and other information sciences’ development. The reviewed studies were initiated by various reasons and were carried out almost independently from each other. The authors of the article hope that the combination of these studies in one article will lead to the effect of emergence and will allow to set the task of creating a unified general-disciplinary science of information. The origins of the term “informatics” are considered, which have been arising independently; including F. E. Temnikov’s informatics as a complex science of information elements, information processes and information systems; informatics of A. I. Mikhailov – A. I. Сhernyj – R. S. Gilyarevskij as a science of scientific and technical information; informatics for secondary education of A. P. Ershov and its development into a type of informatics, called computing science in foreign works. It is stated that at present the original term introduced into the scientific literature by F. E. Temnikov has turned into the name of science of technical means and technologies for working with information, and while information is the basis for understanding and predicting the development of all spheres of human life and society, the theory of automated information and control systems and complexes’ design as well as the theory of scientific and technical information have been developing; there are studies focused on the formation of information science as a general discipline (e. g., Informetriya (Informetrics) of V. I. Gor’kova, Systemantics proposed by Yu. I. Shemakin). The conclusion is drawn about the need to rethink the essence and role of informatics, perhaps introducing a new term (for example, “applied informatics” which was preferred by the founder of the journal “Applied Informatics” A. A. Emelyanov). It could also be useful to consider the definition of informatics introduced by F. E. Temnikov, who divided the informatics into three strata “information elements – information processes – information systems”. In such a stratified structure, it will be possible to find a place for various concepts and types of informatics. It is also useful to rethink the concept of F. E. Temnikov that includes “systematics”, “informatics” and “intellectics”; F. E. Temnikov introduced the idea of the informatics’ development as the basis for intellectual processes and systems. The realization of this idea can be facilitated by the information theory of A. A. Denisov. An important contribution to the creation of the foundations for integrated information science was made by A. A. Emelyanov, who was one of the first to connect informatics with systems theory and computer simulation, developed the Actor Pilgrim simulation system, created the journal “Applied Informatics”, which discusses the problems of computing science development. The analysis of different publications allows the authors of this article to make a conclusion that the integral interdisciplinary science of information can be called “applied informatics”.

Exploration of Teachers’ Perceptions on Female Leadership in Female-led Public Secondary Schools, in Nandi County, Kenya

The study focused on the exploration of teachers’ perceptions on female leadership in female-led public secondary schools, in Nandi County, Kenya. The objectives of the study were to find out teachers’ perceptions of female leadership in Nandi County and whether there is a significant difference in teachers’ perceptions on female leadership in Nandi County. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional research design. The respondents of this study included teachers and a government representative. The researcher used questionnaires and an interview schedule. The data analysis was done using descriptive statistics. The findings of this study indicated that 86.18% of the teachers agreed that females’ leadership in secondary schools in Nandi County positively influences the academic performance of the learners. 88.95% agreed that female leadership enhances discipline in secondary schools. 87.90% agreed that female leadership improves school infrastructural development while 73.93% that year of experience is an important consideration for appointment into leadership positions. There was a significant difference in the perception of teachers on female leadership between County and Sub-County schools in academic performance (p=0.05=0.05). There was a significant difference in the perception of teachers on infrastructural development between Extra-County and Sub-County (p<0.05) and Extra-County and County (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the perception of teachers on discipline across the four categories of schools. There was a significant difference in teachers’ perception on female leadership in years of experience between National and Sub County (p<0.05) The conclusions drawn from the findings of this study were that Female leaders in National and Extra- County schools are perceived to perform better than their counterparts in County and Sub-County schools. The study recommended that school administration should empower female teachers into leadership positions either as subject heads, class teachers, or department heads to prepare them for higher leadership positions. The study further recommended that the Ministry of Education and Teachers Service Commission should sensitize female leaders on matters of school infrastructural development and general discipline of the school.

Team-based learning in online education: the development of students' creative thinking skills in digital art.

A person cultivates their creative skills influenced by various types of activities. The purpose of the work is to study the peculiarities of the development of students' creative thinking skills, which are interrelated with the development of appropriate stages of team teaching, as well as to determine the impact of creative thinking on the indicators of academic performance and motivation to learn. The authors used the methods of sociological survey, which allowed them to determine that the largest number of students had mastered the skills of discipline (27%) and emotionality (21%) to a greater extent at the initial stage of the study. The results showed that 11% of the students in creative subjects (painting, digital art) and 7% of students in general disciplines (history, sociology, pedagogy, mathematics, physics, Chinese, cultural studies) had their academic performance at a high level before the start of online learning. The process of online teaching to paint was based on teamwork using the technologies of online education through educational online platform in the context of digital art. The results of the survey showed that the students had developed their creative skills significantly after training. The development of creative manner (29%) and analytical thinking (28%) were most popular. The authors determined that 88% of the students had received high grades in creative disciplines and 83% of the students in general academic disciplines after training. Most students were characterized by a high level of knowledge. The results are valuable for researchers who study the relationship between the development of creative skills and knowledge in general academic subjects, as well as strive to develop new curricula.

In-depth analysis of patterns in selection of different physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling tools: PartI - Applications and rationale behind the use of open source-code software.

PBPK applications published in the literature support a greater adoption of non-open source-code (NOSC) software as opposed to open source-code (OSC) alternatives. However, a significant number of PBPK modelers are still using OSC software, understanding the rationale for the use of this modality is important and may help those embarking on PBPK modeling. No previous analysis of PBPK modeling trends has included the rationale of the modeler. An in-depth analysis of PBPK applications of OSC software is warranted to determine the true impact of OSC software on the rise of PBPK. Publications focusing on PBPK modeling applications, which used OSC software, were identified by systematically searching the scientific literature for original articles. A total of 171 articles were extracted from the narrowed subset. The rise in the use of OSC software for PBPK applications was greater than the general discipline of pharmacokinetics (9 vs. 4), but less than the overall growth of the PBPK area (9 vs. 43). Our report demonstrates conclusively that the surge in PBPK usage is primarily attributable to the availability and implementations of NOSC software. Modelers preferred not to share the reasons for their selection of certain modeling software and no 'explicit' rationale was given to support the use of OSC analysed by this study. As the preference for NOSC versus OSC software tools in the PBPK area continues to be divided, initiatives to add the rationale in using one form over another to every future PBPK modeling report will be a welcomed and informative addition.

Temple Trade Unionism in Travancore

Politicization has grappled the administration of Hindu temples in the state of Kerala since the formation of Devaswom Boards which are envisaged as autonomous bodies entrusted with the administration of temples here. Trade unions and their activities are rampant today in the temples of Kerala. Trade unionism is nothing other than the direct result of the politicization of temple administration. Though trade unionism is significant for protecting the rights of employees, often its politicization affects the serenity of temples and the unity and general discipline of employees as it involves direct action methods for achieving goals. Various Commission Reports and Court verdicts often pointed out that politically affiliated trade unionism is detrimental to the temples. The administration of Devaswom boards has been deteriorated to the level of a business establishment due to the presence of strong and highly politicized trade unions. The study tries to examine the historical and contemporary role of trade union movements existing among the temple employees of public temples in Kerala.

Antropologinė karo analizė: mikrolygmens perspektyva etnografijoje

The Anthropological Analysis of War: The Micro-Level Perspective in Ethnography The article aims to analyse the micro-level perspective in ethnography, highlighting the main features of the anthropological analysis of war. The focus of this article is the discourses that the Polish-English anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski applied in the general discipline of anthropology and in micro-level war studies. The article reveals that war is a complex process, inseparable from the daily lives of societies. This is reflected in the theoretical and practical work of anthropologists, who develop academic knowledge and apply anthropology for political purposes. Finally, the micro-level perspective is an example of interdisciplinary thinking that combines anthropological, sociological and historical approaches. Key words: anthropology, ethnography, individual, micro level, war.

Disciplinary Construction of Chinese Language and Literature Resources Integrating Fuzzy Mathematics

The development of a country’s language and literature is the orientation of the country’s spiritual strength, and it is also the embodiment of the national literary quality. Chinese language and literature has a very long history of development, the content of which is broad and deep, and there are countless literary works. It is impossible for one person to fully understand these works after spending his entire life. As a result, these literary resources are optimized and constructed and classified into various disciplinary contents, so that students can systematically learn literary knowledge according to their own interests. Therefore, this paper conducts a disciplinary analysis of the construction of Chinese language and literature resources by integrating the method of fuzzy mathematics. Through the study of fuzzy mathematics, the method of fuzzy cluster analysis is proposed to classify Chinese language and literature resources, and the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to evaluate the contents of various subjects. This paper selected the richness of subject content, faculty strength, talent demand, and subject difficulty as evaluation indicators. By comparing the scores of various discipline indicators before and after resource optimization, the results showed that using fuzzy cluster analysis, disciplines 1 and 2 were popular disciplines. Disciplines 4 and 5 were general disciplines, and disciplines 3 and 4 were unpopular disciplines. Using the fuzzy comprehensive average, the comprehensive scores of the six disciplines were 84, 79, 80, 82, 83, and 75, respectively. The quality of resource construction in these disciplines was high. In addition, the scores given by experts were all above 70 points, with an average score of about 83 points. It showed that the method of using fuzzy mathematics to construct Chinese language and literature resources has achieved good results, and the results obtained by using the method of disciplinary analysis were reliable and feasible.

The role of citation networks to explain academic promotions: an empirical analysis of the Italian national scientific qualification

The aim of this paper is to study the role of citation network measures in the assessment of scientific maturity. Referring to the case of the Italian national scientific qualification (ASN), we investigate if there is a relationship between citation network indices and the results of the researchers’ evaluation procedures. In particular, we want to understand if network measures can enhance the prediction accuracy of the results of the evaluation procedures beyond basic performance indices. Moreover, we want to highlight which citation network indices prove to be more relevant in explaining the ASN results, and if quantitative indices used in the citation-based disciplines assessment can replace the citation network measures in non-citation-based disciplines. Data concerning Statistics and Computer Science disciplines are collected from different sources (ASN, Italian Ministry of University and Research, and Scopus) and processed in order to calculate the citation-based measures used in this study. Then, we apply logistic regression models to estimate the effects of network variables. We find that network measures are strongly related to the results of the ASN and significantly improve the explanatory power of the models, especially for the research fields of Statistics. Additionally, citation networks in the specific sub-disciplines are far more relevant than those in the general disciplines. Finally, results show that the citation network measures are not a substitute of the citation-based bibliometric indices.

Konsep Dasar Pengembangan Sistem Pendidikan Berbasis Islam dan Sains

Basic Concepts of Developing an Islamic and Science-Based Education System. From an axiological point of view, science and technology must provide the greatest benefit to human life. This means that science and technology are important instruments in every development process as an effort to realize the benefit of human life as a whole. Thus, science and technology must provide the greatest benefit to human life and not vice versa.
 To achieve this goal, it is necessary to make an effort to integrate general sciences with Islamic sciences through the development of an education system based on religion and science, so that the general sciences are not value-free or secular. Interdisciplinary approaches and interconnections between religious and general disciplines need to be built and developed continuously without stopping

Semiotics of advertisment

The purpose of the article is to clarify the main trends in modern research on the semiotics of advertising. The peculiarities of semiotic models of modern media advertising as a kind of visualized marketing communication are highlighted and the prospects of formation of semiotics of advertising as an autonomous direction in the stream of semiotics as a general discipline are determined. Modern advertising is interpreted as an artifact of mass culture. It is a cultural product of the postmodern aesthetics, which is special in terms of semantics and semiotics. The article proposes to consider it as a separate direction in the context of semiotics as a science. The presented research is mostly theoretical and generalizing. The authors used the logical method of integrative cognition to analyze the approaches to interpreting the semiotics in the advertisement field and the descriptive analysis to show how signs transformation influences on the final perception of advertising text. The main thesis of the article is the need to consider the semiotics of advertising as an excellent signing system.

Stimulated Brillouin Scattering-Based Microwave Photonic Filter With a Narrow and High Selective Passband

In this paper, we present a microwave photonic filter bandpass filter with narrow bandwidth and high quality (Q) factor is presented which with a bandwidth of 7.8 MHz, a gain response of 24 dB, and Q factor is 2412. This performance is achieved through tailoring one Brillouin gain spectrum by two Brillouin loss spectrums. By precise control of the individual pump power and frequency, a narrowed bandpass filter is generated. We achieve this performance through the mathematical formulation of the Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) spectrum relative frequency shift and SBS pumps power ratio, resulting in precise parameters resolution of the narrowest filter bandwidth leading to experimentally demonstration. We further show the variation trend of the filter bandwidth and gain response, leading to exploit the general discipline of this technology.

The system of training of pedagogical and scientific personnel during the leadership of the department of general and military epidemiology by academician V.D. Belyakov (to the 100th anniversary of the birth of academician V.D. Belyakov)

On the basis of generalization and analysis of published scientific works and memoirs of academician V.D. Belyakovs contemporaries, the main stages of his scientific and pedagogical activity as head of the Department of General and Military Epidemiology of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov are considered. It is shown how, under the leadership of the activities of the department staff by Vitaly Dmitrievich Belyakov, the training of the teaching staff was set, ensuring continuous professional development and the ascent of employees along the hierarchical service and scientific ladder. The system of training its own personnel worked correctly and effectively within the department, and some such systems continue to work even now, preserving the best traditions laid down in the era of V.D. Belyakov to maintain the reputation of the department created for decades. Academician Vitaly Dmitrievich Belyakov, an outstanding military epidemiologist, scientist, and teacher, Major General of the medical service, who consistently headed the epidemiology departments of two leading educational medical institutions of the country in St. Petersburg and Moscow, had a great influence on the development of not only military epidemiology but also domestic medicine in general. Having developed, with his students at the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, the theory of internal regulation of parasitic systems, recognized as the biological foundation of the epidemiology of infectious diseases, he reformatted the previous theory of the epidemic process into the paradigm of population pathology of biomedical sciences. He was one of the first to consider epidemiology as a general medical diagnostic and preventive discipline, actively introducing epidemiological research methods into clinical medicine and public health, as well as into medical education at all levels at the I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy. He can be considered the founder of the methodology of epidemiological diagnostics, who extended it to population non-infectious pathology, and the founder of the original and effective concept of epidemiological surveillance. In addition, the system of training and management of pedagogical and scientific personnel created by V.D. Belyakov deserves attention.

Application of personally-oriented learning technologies in the study of general professional disciplines

The intellectual and spiritual development of the student’s personality is a priority task of the modern educational process. The purpose of modern education is to create an environment in the classroom for children with different abilities, aimed at the realization of creative potential. At the same time, the value of the child’s personality is a determining factor. Currently, special attention is paid to pedagogical technologies, by implementing which the teacher does not offerready-made information to students, but organizes and coordinates the educational process, directing educational activities in the right direction, fully taking into account the individual abilities of students. That is why student-centered pedagogical technologies are of great importance in the modern educational process. This article analyzes the concept of pedagogical technology, gives its various definitions, analyzes the features of student-centered pedagogical technologies, considers such student-oriented pedagogical technologies as collaborative learning and multi-level learning. The teaching methods used by teachers in the framework of the implementation of these pedagogical technologies are presented. The application of personality-oriented technologies in the study of general professional disciplines of secondary vocational education, in particular, binary game lessons, technologies of multi-level education, is considered. Particular attention is paid to the methods of assessing the educational achievements of students.

Social Media Usage for Sharing Political Information among University Students in Sindh province, Pakistan

Social media is an important channel to share information as it provides free media platform to its users to exchange political information within online community. Users besides other fields also involve in sharing political information to educate and motivate others towards real political issues. To understand the effectiveness of political communication via social media feedback is an essential ingredient. Users give feedback in different ways including sharing political content on the network. Users on social media not only create political content but commonly involve in sharing political content that is closely related with their political attitudes and behavior. This study employs quantitative research design to collect data from 387 respondents from four general discipline universities of Sindh province Pakistan. The results revealed that university students in majority use social media for political purpose and share political information to educate masses. Furthermore Facebook comes first of the list in social networking.

A systemic approach for implementing AI methods in education during COVID-19 pandemic: higher education in Saudi Arabia

PurposeThe outbreak of COVID-19 has projected prominent threats to the learning and teaching environment. The context of pandemic has delivered numerous advices, which are relevant in dealing with the pandemic situation, to the educational institution administrators, educators and other officials.Design/methodology/approachThe response of an educational body addresses the needs as well as the concerns of learners and their parents. Educational body incorporates asynchronous learning methodologies that work pre-eminent in digital media, to enhance their ability to teach distantly. To make remote teaching and learning efficient, artificial intelligence (AI) approaches are incorporated into the traditional system of education.FindingsEducational body have to encompass a diversified tools and system that places COVID-19 in a worldwide, in addition to the general disciplines of classroom. AI and other technological advancement has introduced numerous tools and applications for handling the pandemic situation.Originality/valueThis research discussed the impact of COVID and influence of AI on education and also the significance and applications of AI in education system in Saudi Arabia. In addition, this study examined the experience of Saudi’s students Universities with AI applications, (316) form the sample of this study to response it’s the Likert scale tool. The results of the study indicated that in the midst of the COVID-19 outbreak, the Government switched to online education, and positive responses were found from learners with taking all benefits of AI application. However, the lack of experience played a critical role in preventing full utilization of AI applications, which will motivate the decision maker to train the learner and the teacher to take advantage of these applications to face any pandemic in future.