Genealogy Of Concept Research Articles

How to see the world economy: statistics, maps, and Schumpeter's camera in the first age of globalization

AbstractHow we assess globalization is largely determined by how we see the world economy. This article follows a disagreement about how to see the world economy among economists in Germany and Austria in the first age of globalization from the 1870s until the First World War. Absorbing metaphors from contemporary developments in media technologies, the debate pitted historical economists, who used statistics and cartography to make visible what they called the ‘world economic organism’, against marginalist economists, including a young Joseph Schumpeter, who rejected panoramic descriptions of the world economy for a narrow focus on prices. In a forgotten chapter in the conceptual genealogy of globalization, the debates of German-speaking economists initiated a persistent divide in how to see the world economy: either in the spatially expanding networks of communication and trade or in the wandering movement of prices on the world markets.

Imperial Transgressions

By reconsidering how race operates at the intersection of the human-animal divide, this essay looks back on the paths that have been opened by the special section “Nonhuman Empires.” Rather than interrogating the literary entanglement of animality and race, the argument considers the disciplinary and conceptual genealogies that stretch over these two alternative modes of differentiation. Starting with phrenology and comparative anatomy and moving toward anthropology and psychology, Sivasundaram argues that after ca. 1800, race and animality have had overlapping lives. This overlap was productive for Western empires, who were concerned with arbitrating the human in programs of war as much as settlement. The second part of the essay focuses on notions of descent from animals in South Asia with respect to how colonists studied alleged feral children, as much as the placement of accounts of animal descent in nationalist vocabularies. Transgressing and policing the human-nonhuman divide, Sivasundaram contends, was central to the project of empire; exposing empire’s power requires a widening of critical attention so that nonhumans are worthy of serious postcolonial critique.

The genealogical analysis of the HKSAR’s civic education policy

Purpose– Civic education in Hong Kong is quite confusing nowadays. To understand the policy, it should be placed into the reality of its historical context. In addition, to read through the documentary presentation of policy, the policy’s proposal and its initiation should be understood with an understanding of contextual progress and historical change following the handover of sovereignty to China. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– The genealogical knowledge of policy history is applied for the purpose of understanding civic education. The concepts of genealogy put forward present an anti-essentialist position and are opposed to focusing on a singular or dominant ideology.Findings– As the government-dominated power, any knowledge of civic education was bound to be nationally identified and patriotic for the purposes of strengthening nation-state awareness. Another approach of moral education was adopted that emphasized traditional Chinese cultures and values in order to cultivate a recognition of a harmonious society in students.Originality/value– The paper helps to analyse the government-dominated process of knowledge formation in a value setting.

The Genealogy of a Song: Lady Gaga's Musical Intertexts on The Fame Monster (2009)

AbstractLady Gaga's work is noted for her references to the work of other artists and is often criticized for borrowed content that is perceived as exceeding mere generic norms. In this study, we engage closely with the musical and lyrical content of two songs from her extended play release, The Fame Monster (2009), with the goal of identifying and interpreting the intertextual pathways that led to these works. Relying upon theories of intertextuality, we unearth a network of texts invoked in each of her songs and consider these connections to comprise a musical genealogy, invoking Foucault's conception of genealogy as the process of revealing historical knowledge.

Beyond Discontent: “Sublimation” from Goethe to Lacan by Eckart Goebel (review)

Eckart Goebel, Beyond Discontent: Sublimation from Goethe to Lacan. Trans. James C. Wagner. New York: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2013- xiv + 259 ppEckhartGoebel offers lucid and illuminating explorations of the concept of sublimation in Goethe, Schopenhauer, and Nietzsche, important influences on Sigmund Freud's thinking, as well as chapters on Thomas Mann, Theodor Adorno, and Jacques Lacan, each responding to Freud. The theory of sublimation informs much of the modern discourse on the nature of civilization and art, raising questions about the tensions between the individual and culture, the repression of instinctual drives, the limits of language, along with consequent problems of discontent, pessimism, and the meaning of happiness. Much of this discourse draws on Freud. That said, Freud's own views on sublimation are unsettled and fragmentary, scattered throughout his works. Sometimes he treats as a creative substitution, as in the cases of Goethe and Leonardo; sometimes is a forced renunciation, a struggle to transcend natural drives. At other times Freud treats dialectically as the history of the individual's object-choices. Taking up Freud's admonition that it would be wiser to reflect upon this [sublimation] a little longer (ix), Goebel shows that the notion of sublimation is not so much a single doctrine as a continuing debate on the relationship between the self and nature, the individual and civilization.While a notion of the sublime can be traced back to Plato's Symposium, Goebel begins fruitfully with Goethe's struggle with the tension between passion and artistry as both paradigm and provocation. He focuses on a close reading of the so-called Trilogie der Leidenschaft-An Werther, Die Marienbader Elegie, and Reconciliation-finding in them a pattern that begins with resignation but is then reconceived in terms of the sublime. Unbearable and even destructive desires are resigned to artistic expression; yet in signifying them, the experience of the unspeakable sublime is made possible, and in this lies a source of happiness.Schopenhauer's notion of sublimation grows out of the metaphysical coexistence between our drives and our representations of the world and ourselves. Anticipating Freud, he argues that our sublimated desires are never truly forgotten, merely repressed in an attempt at ascetic mortification. We are left with the consolation of momentarily losing the self in music. Nietzsche shifts the focus to the psychological, distinguishing a false sublimation predicated on ascetic renunciation from a good version aimed at a transformation and intensification of life.Versions of sublimation are central to Nietzsche's ideas on genealogy and metamorphosis. Goebel distinguishes three domains. In the realm of culture, sublimation is the accompaniment of civilization; the Apollonian acts as the sublimation of the Dionysian. In the realm of psychology, opens the concept of genealogy and the unmasking of the layers of desire sublimated in our morality, revealing for Nietzsche the spirituality of cruelty (64). Finally, in the realm of philosomemory, phy, sublimation is about overcoming the dualism between reason and body in a more intensified experience. Focusing on Morgenrothe, Goebel discusses Nietzsche's attempt to integrate the spiritual with the drives in a way that goes beyond discontent to an idea of happiness. …

Transparency: From Enlightenment to Neoliberalism or When a Norm of Liberation Becomes a Tool of Governing

Transparency is one of the fundamental norms that structure our contemporary individual, organizational and social lives. Its influence can be felt at all levels, and it provides, in particular, the normative foundation for the current explosion of accounting, audit and other visibility-based accountability structures. The emergence and rapid expansion of international organizations – that have played a central role in structuring transnational governance around a plethora of standards and audits – has been fundamental to the theorization and global diffusion of accountability regimes. In this paper, we undertake a conceptual genealogy of the powerful notion of transparency. Starting with its Enlightenment roots, we explore the multiple competing and conflicting mobilizations of the notion of transparency through time to liberate, to deliberate, to legitimize, to control, to structure or to govern. We then trace the transposition of these various historical trajectories into the transnational space. Beginning with the League of Nations, we follow the various mutations of transnational transparency up to its contemporary and profound neoliberal transformation. We show how transnational transparency has shifted from being a norm of emancipatory accountability, “exposing the few to the many”, to one of governing by “exposing the many to the few”.

A TRAJETÓRIA DO CONCEITO DE GENEALOGIA EM FOUCAULT (1971-1984)

In this paper I intend to consider the various inflexions through which passes the Nietzschean concept of genealogy in Michel Foucault’s work throughout the 1970s and 1980s. I wish to point out that the genealogical procedure is modified according to the addressed subject, i.e. it does not share the same theoretical and methodological assumptions when it is focusing (1) the rejection of the metaphysical notion of an essential origin; (2) the relationship of reciprocity between Knowledge and Power; (3) the project of transforming human life into a sort of work of art and, finally, (4) the developing of an idea of truth divorced from logical, epistemological or ontological parameters.

Vital forces and organization: Philosophy of nature and biology in Karl Friedrich Kielmeyer

The historical literature on German life science at the end of the 18th century has tried to rehabilitate eighteenth century vitalism by stressing its difference from Naturphilosophie. Focusing on the work of Karl Friedrich Kielmeyer this paper argues that these positions are based on a historiographical bias and that the clear-cut boundary between German vitalism and Naturphilosophie is historically unattested. On the contrary, they both belong to the process of conceptual genealogy that contributed to the project of a general biology. The latter emerged as the science concerned with the laws that regulate the organization of living nature as a whole. The focus on organization was, at least partially, the result of the debate surrounding the notion of “vital force”, which originated in the mid-eighteenth century and caused a shift from a regulative to a constitutive understanding of teleology.

Limited Liability and Moral Hazard Implications: An Alternative Reading of the Financial Crisis

The principle of limited liability is one of the defining characteristics of modern corporate capitalism. It is also, we argue in this paper, a powerful structural source of moral hazard. Engaging in a double conceptual genealogy, we investigate how the concepts of moral hazard and limited liability were created and diffused over time. We highlight two very similar but parallel paths of emergence, moral contestation and eventual institutionalization, and outline how the two notions have become connected through time, showing clear elective affinities between both concepts and their respective evolution. Going one step further, we suggest that both concepts have come to be connected through time. In the context of contemporary capitalism, limited liability has to be understood, we argue, as a powerful structural source of moral hazard. In conclusion, we propose that this structural link between limited liability and moral hazard is an important explanatory factor of the recent financial crisis and a seemingly intractable characteristic of modern corporate capitalism.

Limited liability and its moral hazard implications: the systemic inscription of instability in contemporary capitalism

The principle of limited liability is one of the defining characteristics of modern corporate capitalism. It is also, we argue in this article, a powerful structural source of moral hazard. Engaging in a double conceptual genealogy, we investigate how the concepts of moral hazard and limited liability have evolved and diffused over time. We highlight two parallel but unconnected paths of construction, diffusion, moral contestation, and eventual institutionalization. We bring to the fore clear elective affinities between both concepts and their respective evolution. Going one step further, we suggest that both concepts have come to be connected through time. In the context of contemporary capitalism, limited liability has to be understood, we argue, as a powerful structural source of moral hazard. In conclusion, we propose that this structural link between limited liability and moral hazard is an important explanatory factor of the systemic instability of contemporary capitalism and, as a consequence, of a pattern of recurrent crises that are regularly disrupting our economies and societies.

Early evolution of evolutionary thinking: teaching biological evolution in elementary schools

Evolution is considered the unifying concept in biology and is also a key theory underlying many areas of human knowledge. Teaching evolution from as early as kindergarten allows children to better understand concepts related with the biological world and prevents the development of negative feelings and misconceptions about the theory of evolution. However, evolution is absent from most of the educational curricula in the early school grades, even though some of its central concepts are common contents in the curricula of these initial years. In the present paper we present a set of activities that can be performed with elementary school students to explore and understand evolution and its impact on biological diversity, while promoting critical thinking and scientific literacy. These activities explore concepts of intra-specific diversity, genealogy and inheritance, natural selection, genetic drift, and systematics, using contexts that are familiar to students, and were articulated with the Portuguese official curriculum. Similar contents are present in elementary school curricula of other countries, namely Brazil, United Kingdom, France, United States of America, Canada, or Mozambique, and therefore the same activities can potentially be used in many different countries. Regardless of the complexity of the theory behind these concepts, our experience revealed that using these activities children were able to understand basic evolutionary mechanisms and to apply this knowledge in real case scenarios.

Genealogy as a critical toolbox: deconstructing the professional identity of nurses

To discuss the Foucauldian concept of genealogy as a framework for understanding and transforming nurses' professional identity. The professional identity of nurses has primarily been defined by personal and interpersonal attributes and by the intradisciplinary dimensions of nursing, leading to its conceptualization as a universal, monolithic phenomenon. The Foucauldian genealogical perspective offers a critical lens to examine what constitutes this professional identity; Spanish nursing offers a historical case study of an active effort to impose an identity that fits the monolithic ideal. Five of the 33 professional conduct manuals for nurses' training published from 1956-1976 during the Franco dictatorship in Spain and six interviews with nursing instructors or students at the time were analysed using a theoretical framework drawn from Foucault's writing. Foucault's genealogical framework considers practices of normalization and resistance as a means of understanding knowledge continuities and discontinuities, clarifying practices that constitute nurses' professional identity in a particular way in specific contexts and analysing the implications of this theoretical frame. The genealogy concept offers valuable tools to determine how professional identities are constituted, questions assumptions about the profession and its professionals and envisions alternative approaches. This theoretical approach helps both scholars and practitioners understand, question and transform their practices as needed. The genealogical approach prioritizes analysis of the phenomenon over its description and challenges many unknown, forgotten, excluded and/or unquestioned aspects of identity from a position of diversity and complexity.

Nihilistisches Geschichtsdenken: Nietzsches perspektivische Genealogie

Nihilistisches Geschichtsdenken: Nietzsches perspektivische Genealogie

Emotions and Positional Identity in Becoming a Social Justice Science Teacher: Nicole's Story

AbstractBecoming a social justice teacher, for high‐poverty urban settings, is fraught with emotional ambivalence related to personal, professional, relational, political, and cultural social justice issues. Prospective teachers must navigate their sense of justice, grapple with issues of educational disparity, engage with theories of critical, multicultural, and constructivist approaches to teaching science, and articulate their vision and philosophy of teaching. Furthermore, their emotional navigation occurs at nested micro, meso, and macro levels. In this article, I present a case study of the historical development of an African‐American, Caribbean preservice teacher's social justice stance. Drawing on the concepts of emotional genealogy, critical emotional praxis, and positional identity, I explore why she majored in Chemistry, how she decided to become a Chemistry teacher, and her struggles with notions of oppression and multicultural education. The narratives focus on what emotions Nicole expresses, and how those emotions help Nicole position herself with respect to social justice issues she navigates, from micro to macro levels, in becoming a social justice Chemistry teacher. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 50: 453‐478, 2013

Life, the Unhistorical, the Suprahistorical: Nietzsche on History

Nietzsche was a philosopher who prided himself, in deliberate contradistinction with previous philosophers, on his ‘historical sense’. But this leaves many questions unanswered about the precise role of the historical in Nietzsche’s philosophy. Perhaps most importantly, can the conception of genealogy in Nietzsche’s later philosophy, as a revised historical method, be taken to represent his mature philosophical methodology in general? I argue, firstly, that there is considerable continuity between Nietzsche’s conceptions of history in the early essay ‘On the uses and disadvantages of history for life’ and those of his later philosophy. The former can therefore be used as a resource for understanding the latter. Through a reading of the early history essay I demonstrate that Nietzsche’s conception of the historical here is intimately bound up with the notion of the ‘unhistorical’ and that it is precisely renewed access to the unhistorical which is required in order for history to be conducive to the flourishing of humanity. I go on to contend that this holds for Nietzsche’s later writings as well, and that genealogy, being purely historical, must therefore be seen as one subsidiary part of a broader philosophy in which the unhistorical will play, literally, a vital role.

Produksi Wacana Syiar Islam dalam Kitab Pegon Kiai Saleh Darat Semarang dan Kiai Bisri Musthofa Rembang

This paper explores the shift in the da’wah concept taking place in the coastal area of Java by examining two manuscripts written by two notable figures in the 19th and 20th centuries, Kiai Saleh Darat from Semarang and Kiai Bisri Musthofa from Rembang. These two Islamic scholars are prolific writers and have penned a number of works in Arab- Pegon. Their writings have become references for Islamic students (santri) studying in traditional educational institutions in coastal areas of Java over decades. This paper attempts to answer the following questions: how the dakwah concept is conceived in the Kyai Saleh Darat’s and Kiai Bisri Musthfa’s works? How do their strategies in dakwah and the implementation shari’a influence the views of Islamic students and scholars in the coastal areas of Java? Why do we have to see coastal areas of Java as an instrument? From the narratives of Islamic historiography in Southeast Asia, coastal area of Java has an important position because it has become a node of the Islamic scholar networks. By utilizing the genealogical concept, this paper traces the roots and intellectual origin of the Javanese Islamic scholarship. Keywords: Java coastal areas, discourse production, da’wah, Islamic scholars, kiai Saleh Darat, kiai Bisri Musthofa.

Firms and sustainability: Mapping the intellectual origins and structure of the corporate sustainability field

Business research has repeatedly been criticized for its lack of engagement with pressing issues such as climate change, despite a surge of publications on corporate sustainability topics in recent years. We are therefore interested in identifying the knowledge development and knowledge gaps in business scholarship on the relationship between firms, environment and society. This paper provides a systematic review of the corporate sustainability field in form of a bibliometric analysis based on citation data acquired from the Social Sciences Citation Index. The final dataset contained 3117 records published between 1953 and 2011. Our analysis shows that, over the last 50 years, the field of corporate sustainability has emerged from a few primary nodes of research and developed into four distinct conceptual genealogies: corporate social performance theory, stakeholder theory, a corporate social performance versus economic performance debate, and a greening of management debate. The results of our analysis suggest four key findings. First, the four genealogies only comprise a relatively narrowly focused research scope. Second, there is very little integration and citation of work in other disciplinary areas such as ecology or environmental science. Third, the existing literature has a strong focus on empirically examining the relationship between a firm's environmental and/or social performance and its financial performance. Finally, there is little consideration of managerial implications and consequences of climate change in the corporate sustainability literature to date. We suggest that while this may be a reflection of an insular field, it may also be a role played by the management literature turning away from problem based issues in favor of empirical results, theory building, and the identification of variables that influence firm profitability and can be subjected to direct managerial control. We conclude by outlining pathways for future research.

On the genealogy of concepts and experimental practices: Rethinking Georges Canguilhem’s historical epistemology

The importance given by historian and philosopher of science Georges Canguilhem (1904–1995) to the role of practice, techniques, and experimentation in concept-formation was largely overlooked by commentators. After placing Canguilhem’s contributions within the larger history of historical epistemology in France, and clarifying his views regarding this expression, I re-evaluate the relation between concepts and experimental practices in Canguilhem’s philosophy of science. Drawing on his early writings on the relations between science and technology in the 1930s, on the Essai sur quelques problèmes concernant le normal et le pathologique (1943), and on La formation du concept de réflexe aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles (1955), I argue that the formation and rectification of concepts in Canguilhem’s sense are intrinsically bound with the experimental, material, technical, and cultural contexts in which concepts are operationalized.

Genealogical Counternarratives in the Writings of Mary Carey

The article discusses themes of motherhood, loss, and spirituality in the writings of Mary Carey including the poem Upon Ye Sight of My Abortive Birth and the prose meditation Betwixt the Soul and the Body. The author's assertion that Carey's work represents a concept of genealogy outside the patrilineal structure of 17th-century families is also explored.

Museología subalterna (sobre las ruinas de Moctezuma II)

«Subaltern museology» combines the historian’s gaze with the ambit of museographical observations with the intention of bringing to the reader a synthesis of the museums that exist in Mexico. We carry out historical museography because our aim is to «historicize» the different modernities of sociability and the public gaze in extra-European territories. We have opted for a critical position in relation to the European hegemonies which produced the invention of museographical observation through diversified designs, architectures, technologies and educational and social ideas. In this way, we understand the museum as a space of difference and representation, which allows for a genealogical conception of discontinuity. The European transfer of museum culture to America was not a mere reproduction but recreated genuine patterns and practices. That is why we call our essay «subaltern museology», because there are postcolonial countries with significant representations such as the creation of a modern culture of ancestry which, in the case of Mexico, promoted the formation of a nation-state of great symbolic legitimacy.