Gender-based Analysis Research Articles

Usefulness of Analgesia Nociception Index for guiding intraoperative opioid administration: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study primarily aimed at investigating the efficacy of Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) for guiding intraoperative opioid administration in patients receiving surgery under general anesthesia. The Medline, Embase, Google scholar, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to April 2022 for randomized controlled trials. The primary outcome was intraoperative opioid administration, while the secondary outcomes included postoperative opioid consumption, pain score, emergency time, risk of nausea/vomiting (PONV), and Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU) stay. Six studies including 399 participants (published from 2015 to 2022) focused on non-cardiac surgery, including spine surgery (two trials), breast surgery (two trials), gynecologic surgery (one trial), and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (one trial) were included. Meta-analysis revealed no difference in intraoperative opioid administration with the use of ANI-guided analgesia compared to the control group that used conventional clinical measurements (e.g., heart rate) to guide opioid use [standardized mean difference (SMD)=-0.17, 95% CI: -0.56 to 0.22, P=0.39, I2=72%, six trials, 399 participants]. Gender-based subgroup analysis showed effectiveness of ANI for reducing opioid administration in female patients (SMD=-0.53, P=0.02). There were no differences in postoperative recovery characteristics including pain score [Mean difference (MD): -0.03, P=0.79], opioid consumption (SMD: -0.34, P=0.08), emergence time (MD=1.12, P=0.47), length of stay in the PACU (MD: -0.56, P=0.83), and risk of PONV [risk ratio(RR): 0.75, P=0.46] between the two groups. Analgesia nociception index-guided analgesia was unable to reduce intraoperative opioid administration compared to monitoring using conventional clinical parameters. Further studies are required to support our findings.

Gender equality in the 21st century: Overcoming barriers to women's leadership in global health.

The purpose of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the significant role that women play in providing global health care, barriers encountered to achieving gender equality in global health leadership, and to propose key recommendations for advancing gender equality in global health decision-making through the integration of gender mainstreaming, gender-based analysis, and gender transformative leadership (GTL) approaches. Data were evaluated to determine the participation rate of women in global health care and social sector roles in comparison to men. Gender equality data from the United Nations, World Health Organization, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, International Labour Organization, and other resources were analyzed to assess the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on gender equality with an emphasis on women in global health leadership positions, the health care and social sector, and gender equality measures for girls and women throughout the world. The literature was examined to identify persistent barriers to gender equality in global health leadership positions. Additionally, a review of the literature was conducted to identify key strategies and recommendations for achieving gender equality in global health decision-making; integrating gender mainstreaming; conducting gender-based analysis; and adopting GTL programs, incentives, and policies to advance gender equality in global health organizations. Women represent 70% of the health and social care sector global workforce but only 25% of senior global health leadership roles. Since 2018, there has been a lack of meaningful change in the gender equality policy arenas at global health organizations that has led to significant increases in women serving in global leadership decision-making senior positions. During the pandemic in 2020, there were nearly 100 open vacancies-one-quarter of CEO and board chair positions-at global health organizations, but none were filled by women. Women disproportionately provide caregiving and unpaid care work, and the pandemic has increased this burden with women spending 15 hoursa week more on domestic labor than men. A lack of uniform, state-sponsored paid parental leave and support for childcare, eldercare, and caregiving, which is overwhelmingly assumed by women, serve as major barriers to gender parity in global health leadership and the career advancement of women. The pandemic has adversely impacted women in global health care and social sector roles. During the pandemic, there has been a widening of the gender pay gap, a lack of gains for women in global health leadership positions, an increase in caregiving responsibilities for women, and more women and girls have been pushed back into extreme poverty than men and boys. Globally, there is still resistance to women serving in senior leadership roles, and social and cultural norms, gender stereotypes, and restrictions on women's rights are deeply intertwined with barriers that reinforce gender inequality in global health leadership. To ensure comprehensive human rights and that equitable workforce opportunities are available, the concept of gender equality must be expanded within the global health community to consistently include not only women and girls and men and boys, but also persons who identify as nonbinary and gender nonconforming. Efforts to eliminate remnants of systemic and structural gender discrimination must also incorporate gender mainstreaming, gender-based analysis, and gender transformative approaches to achieve gender equality throughout global health systems and organizations.

Gender-Based Multigroup Analysis on the Mediating Role of Online Learning Self Efficacy to The Influence of Academic Interaction to Student Engagement

All schools and Universities in Indonesia have to implement online learning due to covid19 issue. This article examines gender as group moderator to the mediating role of online learning self efficacy (OLSE) to the influence of academic interaction to student engagement in e-learning system in Indonesia. This uses higher order construct of academic interaction comprising student-student interaction (SSI) and student-lecturer interaction (SLI), and also higher order construct of student engagement comprising agentic (AE), emotional (EE), cognitive (CE), and behavioral (BE) engagement. 378 students from several online classes participated in this research. This research found that academic interaction has positive influence to student engagement, academic interaction has positive influence to students’ online learning self efficacy, and students’ online learning self efficacy has positive influence to student engagement. This research also found that online learning self efficacy partially mediates the influence of academic interaction to student engagement and gender moderates all relationships in the research model.

Ten-year trends in Canadian female medical student interest in radiation oncology: an analysis of data from the Canadian Resident Matching Service (2012-2021)

<h3>Background</h3> Canadian medical student (MS) interest in Radiation Oncology (RO) residency training has varied over the last decade. Concerns related to post-training job availability, employment location flexibility, and extended fellowship training may have affected MS perceptions of RO, potentially deterring past applicants. With recent job market improvements, there has been increased MS interest in the specialty. However, despite recent years showing no gender differences in successfully matching to first-choice overall nonsurgical disciplines, the number of women entering RO residency remains low. This study examines 10 years of resident match data to assess trends in gender-specific interest and match characteristics in RO. <h3>Methods</h3> Publicly available Canadian Resident Matching Service (CaRMS) data from 2012 to 2021 were compiled. Gender-based analysis focused on Canadian medical graduates (CMGs) ranking RO as their first-choice discipline in the match's first iteration. No applicant gender data were available for the 1 to 8 first-year residency positions carried over to the second iteration that occurred in 7 out of 10 matches over the study period. Pearson's chi-square test was used to evaluate whether the number of female applicants differed significantly from what could be expected if RO applicant gender breakdown reflected Canadian CaRMS participant demographics. <h3>Results</h3> Numbers of applicants ranking RO as their first-choice discipline have recently increased. 2018-2021 saw 23-28 RO-preferring applicants, while 2012-2017 saw 9-18. Total applicants ranged from 24-51 per year over the study period. Numbers of female RO-preferring applicants have remained largely unchanged, with a 10-year average of 7 women per year, ranging from 2/15 (13%) in 2016 to 12/27 (44%) RO-preferring applicants in 2018. Overall, 190 CMG applicants ranked RO as their first choice over the last 10 years, comprising 73 females (38%) and 117 males (62%). During this period, 56% (17696/31618) of CMG applicants who participated in the CaRMS match were female. ​​Rates of female applicants to RO were significantly lower compared to rates of female applicants to all specialties combined (p < 0.01). <h3>Discussion</h3> While recent years have had more RO-preferring applicants overall, numbers of RO-preferring female applicants have remained low, and disproportionately less than rates of female CaRMS participants. Findings highlight the need for greater understanding of the factors influencing female medical students' career selection and CaRMS ranking decisions to develop strategies to improve female representation in RO.

Integrating Gender-Based Analysis Plus into Policy Responses to COVID-19: Lived Experiences of Lockdown in British Columbia, Canada.

Recognition of the differential effects of COVID-19 on women has led to calls for greater application of gender-based analysis within policy responses. Beyond pointing out where such policies are implemented, there is little analysis of the effects of efforts to integrate gender-based analysis into the COVID-19 response. Drawing on interviews informing a lived experienced approach to policy analysis, this article asks if, how, and to what effect gender-based analysis was implemented within social and economic policy responses during the initial lockdown, in British Columbia, Canada. It finds that, despite a rhetorical commitment to gender-based analysis, policies failed to address everyday inequalities.

Causes of Crime: Insights from Institutional and Gender-based Analysis and Mapping

Crime deterrence has remained a policy priority for most countries. Despite the existence of policies and empirical work in this area, a gap in institutional interlinkages on deterrence, and the exploration of the gender angle to crime, exists. Consequently, a regression analysis of causes of crime was undertaken to fill the gap and advice policy. The analysis entailed using the two-step System GMM estimator and six-year panel data of cumulative and gender-disaggregated offences covering 47 Kenyan spatial units. A mapping of crimes preceded the regression analysis to elucidate crime's spatial and gender dynamics. The regression results revealed that crime persists in an environment characterized by a declining likelihood of apprehension and sub-optimal conviction rates. Institutional inefficiencies that prolong the celerity of punishment signal potential offenders to victimize. Enhanced public investments in policing and a higher propensity to earn lawful income reduce crime. Results also pointed to skewed opportunities for earning legal income for female persons. Further, the deterrent effect of heightened policing significantly impacts potential female offenders more than their male counterparts. To reduce crime, crucial institutional and gender-specific interventions have been proposed. Keywords: Crime, Causes, Mapping, Institutional, Gender DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/123-02 Publication date: August 31 st 2022

Assessment of post-vaccination collective immunity against new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) among servicemen of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

The recent vaccination campaign targeting the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) carried out in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, on the background of the current unstable global pandemic situation, makes it necessary to study post-vaccination population immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and thus identify key features of immunity in organized military collectives. In the future, this will make it possible to objectively assess the risks of a worsening pandemic situation, effectively adjust the ongoing sanitary and anti-epidemic measures aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of military personnel, as one of the main conditions for maintaining the combat readiness of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. During a study conducted on epidemic indications, it was found that vaccination with Gam-Covid-Vac contributes to the formation of collective immunity with 95% effectiveness. A gender-based analysis of the immune response showed that the proportion of persons who lack class G immunoglobulins to SARS-CoV-2 among females is twice than that among men (9.3% and 4.7%, respectively). Seroprevalence indicators, classified by blood group, range from 94.4% (AB (IV) Rh) to 97.4% (A (II) Rh). There were no significant differences in seroprevalence between groups of people with different blood groups; however, the highest value of seroprevalence was seen among military personnel with blood group A (II) Rh. In this context, it is advisable to continue monitoring the formation of immunity in individuals with various blood groups. The results obtained made it possible to form a primary medical and social portrait of a serviceman with the most adequate immune response to the introduction of the Gam-Covid-Vac vaccine (a man under the age of 20 with blood type A (II) Rh) and to draw a conclusion about the high effectiveness of vaccination in military units (formations) staffed by conscripts and military educational organizations.

Climate change adaptation and maize productivity: a gender-based analysis

Climate change adaptation and maize productivity: a gender-based analysis

Assessing the Awareness and Preparedness of Students and Teachers regarding the Covid-19 Pandemic in Higher Education institutions of Pakistan (A case study of Kohat University of Science and Technology)

This study examines the COVID-19 awareness and preparedness of faculty and students at Kohat University of Science and Technology. This study aims to assess knowledge levels, adherence to preventive measures, and preparedness for potential outbreaks among students and teachers. The research was carried out at Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST) with a sample size of 200, comprising 100 teachers and 100 students. Data were obtained via a self-designed questionnaire. The study indicates that teachers possess greater knowledge and readiness than students in areas such as symptom recognition, hygiene habits, university policies, and virtual education. Gender-based statistical analysis reveals significant differences, with males exhibiting higher mean scores. The study suggests recommendations to enhance knowledge dissemination, preparedness, and safety measures in KUST based on the obtained results.

CONTRIBUTION OF PAKISTANI FEMALE RESEARCHERS IN ICT: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

This paper analyses the contribution of Pakistani female researchers in the field of ICT using the bibliometric analysis method. It helps to observe a female researcher’s productivity and assists in identifying problems, such as the need to empower female researchers in ICT. No such work has been conducted yet on gender-based bibliometric analysis in Pakistan. In this paper, bibliometric data of 300 female researchers were extracted from Google Scholar profiles. With the help of this study, the most prestigious female researcher in the field of ICT from Pakistan was analysed based on the h-index. Also, the most active ICT institute in terms of female research productivity (the number of publications) was observed. Furthermore, the annual growth rate of 15 years (2006–2021) of female-led research is calculated and is analysed that the maximum annual growth rate of research productivity (140.965) was in 2010. Additionally, the active contribution of female researchers in most trending research areas of ICT was found by generating the co-occurrence network diagram using 3,640 research paper titles. According to the co-occurrence network diagram, the most popular research areas are image classification and prediction, Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor network and smart grid, fuzzy logic and deep learning.

Exploring the Lived Experience of Diabetes Through an Intersectional Lens: A Qualitative Study of Adults With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

BackgroundOur aim in this study was to explore the lived experience of adults living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes through an intersectional sex- and gender-based analysis plus lens. MethodsQualitative interviews with 15 adults (9 women, 6 men) were conducted in February and March 2021. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed for semantic and latent themes noting differences in participants’ accounts of living with diabetes by gender, age, race and ethnicity, type of diabetes and other key demographics. ResultsParticipants’ experiences differed substantively by gender, age and racialization. “Resilience” was identified as a central feature in participants’ lives. Factors that contributed to resilience included supportive relationships, a feeling of agency and social acceptance; confounding factors included unsupportive relationships, a lack of agency and experiences of stigma, discrimination and microaggressions. ConclusionsLived experiences of diabetes can best be understood through an intersectional lens that considers peoples’ diverse socioeconomic locations and identities. Those who experience discrimination, including women, older individuals and racialized people, may also experience the compounding effects of multiple marginalization, requiring greater investment in factors that contribute to their resilience. Considering the varied needs of diverse individuals should be integrated into routine diabetes care.

A Gender-based Stylistic Analysis of Selected English Love Poems

One of the most interesting issues in the study of language is the relation between language and gender. A lot of studies have been conducted so far to find out if men speak and write differently from women. The present study is also an attempt in the same area but it considers gender differences in love poetry. It aims to find out the differences between male and female poets in their love poems. The data of the study consists of three male love poems, and three female poems. Leech and Short's (1981) checklist is used as a framework to analyze the selected love poems. The findings of the study reveal that there are differences between male and female poets with regard to lexical categories, grammatical categories and figures of speech.

Enhanced immune activation within the tumor microenvironment and circulation of female high-risk melanoma patients and improved survival with adjuvant CTLA4 blockade compared to males

BackgroundWe hypothesized that a gender difference in clinical response may exist to adjuvant CTLA4 blockade with ipilimumab versus high-dose IFNα (HDI). We investigated differences in candidate immune biomarkers in the circulation and tumor microenvironment (TME).Patients and methodsThis gender-based analysis was nested within the E1609 trial that tested adjuvant therapy with ipilimumab 3 mg/kg (ipi3) and 10 mg/kg (ipi10) versus HDI in high risk resected melanoma. We investigated gender differences in treatment efficacy with ipi3 and ipi10 versus HDI while adjusting for age, stage, ECOG performance (PS), ulceration, primary tumor status and lymph node number. Forest plots were created to compare overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) between ipi and HDI. Gene expression profiling (GEP) was performed on tumors of 718 (454 male, 264 female) patients. Similarly, serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) samples were tested for soluble and cellular biomarkers (N = 321 patients; 109 female and 212 male).ResultsThe subgroups of female, stage IIIC, PS = 1, ulcerated primary, in-transit metastasis demonstrated significant improvement in RFS and/or OS with ipi3 versus HDI. Female gender was significant for both OS and RFS and was further explored. In the RFS comparison, a multivariate Cox regression model including significant variables indicated a significant interaction between gender and treatment (P = 0.024). In peripheral blood, percentages of CD3+ T cells (P = 0.024) and CD3+ CD4+ helper T cells (P = 0.0001) were higher in females compared to males. Trends toward higher circulating levels of IL1β (P = 0.07) and IL6 (P = 0.06) were also found in females. Males had higher percentages of monocytes (P = 0.03) with trends toward higher percentages of regulatory T cells (T-reg). Tumor GEP analysis supported enhanced infiltration with immune cells including gammadelta T cells (P = 0.005), NK cells (P = 0.01), dendritic cells (P = 0.01), CD4+ T cells (P = 0.03), CD8+ T cells (P = 0.03) and T-reg (P = 0.008) in the tumors of females compared to males and a higher T-effector and IFNγ gene signature score (P = 0.0244).ConclusionFemale gender was associated with adjuvant CTLA4 blockade clinical benefits and female patients were more likely to have evidence of type1 immune activation within the TME and the circulation.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01274338. Registered 11 January 2011, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01274338

Women in neurosurgery: review of the literature combined with a gender-based analysis of the development over the past 20 years in Austria.

The number of female neurosurgeons has grown over the last decades, however, a gender gap still exists in most western countries. The reasons for this gender gap remain mostly unclear. The aim of the present study was to analyze the development of the numbers of female neurosurgeons in Austria over the last 20 years in comparison to other surgical disciplines. Additionally, a literature review was performed summarizing articles reporting on women in neurosurgery. Data including male and female residents as well as board certified surgeons over the last 20 years retrieved from the Austrian Medical Association were collected. An additional PubMed query was performed focusing on literature reporting on working conditions, work-life-balance as well as data of female leading positions. In 2021, 5237 surgeons were registered at the Austrian Medical Association including 258 (5%) neurosurgeons. In total, 1081 of 5237 (21%) surgeons and 61 of 253 (24%) of all Austrian neurosurgeons were female. In comparison to the percentage of women in all surgical disciplines, the number of female neurosurgeons is represented slightly above the average of 21%. According to data representing the trend of the last 20 years, the percentage of female neurosurgeons in Austria has doubled over the last 20 years. Comparably, this trend can be observed in all surgical disciplines. The percentage of female neurosurgeons in Austria are constantly increasing over the last 20 years, however a gender gap still exists. Consequently, studies are warranted to analyse the causes to improve the reported gender gap in Neurosurgery.

A Gender-Based Analysis of Classroom Interaction Practices: The Effect Thereof on University Students’ Academic Performance

The need to optimize student interactions in universities for enhanced academic performance has been a subject of debate and discussion in different academic fora. A number of studies have shown that students, both male and female, can assert themselves academically if they are provided with opportunities for active participation and interaction with their lecturers and peers for both the horizontal and the vertical sharing of knowledge. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to investigate the gender-based interaction practices of science, mathematics and technology university students, and how these interactive patterns influence their academic performance. Using a quantitative approach located in the post-positivist paradigm, the study employed a structured questionnaire to collect the data from a sample of 1285 students from three universities. The results of the study showed that institutional practices, lecturers, parents, peers, learning content and artifacts, as well as the classroom environment, have a significant influence on the gender-based interaction practices of university students. Furthermore,, the results showed that the levels of interaction have a significant influence on the academic performance of university students, according to gender. As a main recommendation, it was proposed that universities should come up with gender-equity policies that would guide how the universities and their stakeholders could cater for the issues of gender equity.

Demystifying How to Incorporate Sex and Gender Into Cardiovascular Research: A Practical Guide

Understanding the role of biological sex and sociocultural gender in cardiovascular medicine is one of the first steps toward personalized medicine. Sex- and gender-based analysis (SGBA) seeks to systematically incorporate sex and gender-related variables as well as the intersectionality with other factors in medical research, with the goal of providing evidence for equitable cardiovascular clinical practice. This article outlines simple steps that summarize an approach to SGBA that may ultimately be a game changer in cardiovascular research and practice.

Gender-based multi-aspect sentiment detection using multilabel learning

Sentiment analysis is an important task in the field of natural language processing that aims to gauge and predict people’s opinions from large amounts of data. In particular, gender-based sentiment analysis can influence stakeholders and drug developers in real-world markets. In this work, we present a gender-based multi-aspect sentiment detection model using multilabel learning algorithms. We divide Abilify and Celebrex datasets into three groups based on gender information, namely: male, female, and mixed. We then represent bag-of-words (BoW), term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), and global vectors for word representation (GloVe) based features for each group. Next, we apply problem transformation approaches and multichannel recurrent neural networks with attention mechanism. Results show that traditional multilabel transformation methods achieve better performance for small amounts of data and long-range sequence in terms of samples and labels, and that deep learning models achieve better performance in terms of mean test accuracy, AUC Score, RL, and average precision using GloVe word embedding features in both datasets.

Unipolar Depressive Disorders: A Gender-Based Comparative Analysis

Unipolar Depressive Disorders: A Gender-Based Comparative Analysis

Sex, Skulls, and Citizens: Gender and Racial Science in Argentina (1860–1910)

Ashley Elizabeth Kerr's monograph examines racial science, Indigenous peoples, and nation building in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Argentina through the lens of gender. As she notes, this period of Argentine history has been studied by many scholars and from many different angles. Kerr contributes to this existing literature through her multifaceted focus on gender, which she argues has been largely absent in previous scholarship and prompts a reevaluation of the scientists and literary authors whose work she highlights. Kerr compellingly demonstrates the value of gender analysis here, and although the book contains some missed opportunities in terms of engagement with existing scholarship, it makes a valuable contribution to the field that will interest historians and literary scholars alike.Some particularly strong analytical cases here include Kerr's examination in chapter 2 of Lucio V. Mansilla's Una excursión a los indios ranqueles, in which she offers a thought-provoking reading of Carmen, the Indigenous woman tasked with communicating with Mansilla during his negotiations with cacique Mariano Rosas. Kerr reads Mansilla against the grain to argue that Carmen actively used her own gender positionality to manipulate Mansilla, even as he thought that he was manipulating her. Likewise, Kerr's discussion of both the Sociedad de Beneficencia's efforts to distribute Indigenous women and children among wealthy Argentine families after the Conquest of the Desert and the Catholic Church's proposal for Indigenous boarding schools underlines not only the importance of gender in understanding Argentine ideas about race and nation in this period but also Argentina's provocative connections to similar experiences faced by Indigenous peoples elsewhere. In addition, Kerr's analysis of the photographs taken by Samuel Boote (images of Indigenous peoples in captivity during the 1880s) challenges readers to consider the silences and unanswered questions at which the photographs hint. She argues that even if many of these questions cannot be answered, they are nonetheless important to ask because they reveal “a strong historical bias against the details of women's lives and the intimate aspects of history” (p. 93). Finally, analysis of masculinity is perhaps the most powerful part of this book, not least because most of the available sources were written by men. Kerr effectively deconstructs what it meant to be a man (including as citizens and as scientists), as well as men's views of women's roles in creole and Indigenous society. In dialogue with her analysis of women authors like Florence Dixie and Eduarda Mansilla, Kerr reads her male-authored texts against the grain in search of women's agency, often to great effect.Kerr's interesting and wide-ranging study also contains some missed opportunities. Some of the assertions that Kerr makes about existing scholarship overlook research that could have contributed to her own analysis. She argues, for instance, that many historians “have tended to accept nineteenth-century scientific productions and first-person observations at face value, often citing the very texts they have needed to interrogate” (p. 10). This statement seems to ignore the work of ethnohistorians, historians of science, and others who have read these texts critically and whose work could in fact support Kerr's arguments. Similarly, Kerr suggests that existing scholarship has been caught in a false “dichotomy between [understanding nineteenth-century anthropology as] heroic science and genocide,” which discounts the work of historians and cultural studies scholars who have examined the moral complexities of nineteenth-century anthropology (p. 68). Kerr's contribution to the field speaks for itself, and these statements unfortunately distract from the value of her arguments. The absence from the book of scholarship that could support its arguments and even help to answer some of the questions posed as rhetorical (including the work of Axel Lazzari, Ana Ramos, and Susan Sheets-Pyenson, among many others) perhaps simply reflects a difference of disciplinary approach and certainly is a perennial challenge for interdisciplinary scholarship.Kerr's book compellingly demonstrates the presence and importance of women as actors in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century discussions about racial science, Indigenous peoples, and national belonging in Argentina. She also makes clear that gender-based analysis of these historical developments, as well as some of the key literary texts that helped shape these events, is fruitful for generating new questions and insight. This book will be valuable to historians and literary scholars of Argentina, as well as to other scholars interested in gender, race, and Indigeneity in other settings.

Doubt and Desire

Doubt and Desire