Gateway Load Balancing Research Articles

Failover Performance Analysis on Redundancy Link using Gateway Load Balancing Protocol

Universitas Kristen Wira Wacana carries out various activities using an internet connection. Realizing the importance of this internet connection, the campus provides two different sources of internet connection. The first internet source (ISP1) has a speed of 100 Mbps, while the second internet source (ISP2) has a speed of 20 Mbps. The configuration that is currently used is less than optimal because if one of the internet sources used is disconnected, the internet connection for some campuses will be cut off, causing activities to be disrupted. In addition, the distribution of network loads is still not optimal where the second internet source (ISP2) is not used optimally due to the lack of activities that use this internet source. To overcome these two problems, a design was made by implementing the Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) which can act as a redundancy link as well as load balancing. The simulation results of the implementation of GLBP can continue to provide internet connections to all local networks even though one internet line is disconnected and is able to divide the network load with a weight scale of 5 to 1, 5 weights for 100 Mbps internet connections and 1 weight for 20 Mbps internet connections. The failover and recovery process can be done in 1.36 seconds and 1.57 seconds if the path that is interrupted is the path to the internet, while if the path that is disconnected is the path to the local network, the failover and recovery process takes 7.70 seconds and 8.15 seconds, respectively.

Analisa dan Perancangan Jaringan WAN dengan Sisco Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) Menggunakan Simulator GNS3

Lines of communication cannot be separated from the various problems that can interfere with data traffic
 in it. One problem that arises is the rupture that caused the destruction of communication lines or fiber
 optic cable intermediary.With a high level of reliability demanded data on the company's lines of
 communication so that the need for technology that can provide solutions to problems in the network data
 communication lines. It is very necessary especially companies manage databases and the data is very
 important to maintain.The use of gateway load balancing technology (GLBP) of cisco is expected to provide
 data communications reliability in need in the company.Gateway Load Balancing Protocol is the
 technology division of the traffic load of data to each gateway router or a group who are members of the
 GLBP. This technology can also divert traffic data gateway router it is damaged or dies communication
 path to the gateway are functioning properly. GLBP is an improvement on previous technology hot standby
 routing protocol (HSRP) to provide load balancing functionality.

Performance Analysis and Functionality Comparison of First Hop Redundancy Protocol IPV6

First hop redundancy protocols (FHRP) are an essential tool for improving IP networks’ availability. FHRP are protocols used to manage and maintain the network default gateway router by using one or more redundant routers that will take over in case of default router failure. In this paper we present the first hop redundancy concept and the means for its realization in IPv6 network. We evaluate three FHRP protocols, namely, the Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRPv6), Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRPv3), and Gateway Load Balancing (GLBPv6) using GNS3 tools. The First Hop Redundancy Protocols have been implemented, tested, optimized, and compared to one another in terms of convergence time, packet loss and convergence time. The comparison indicates which protocol is the best in each scenario and which is the best overall among the three protocols.

Enhanced shuffled frog leaping algorithm with improved local exploration and energy-biased load reduction phase for load balancing of gateways in WSNs

AbstractWireless sensor networks (WSNs) have grown widely due to their application in various domains, such as surveillance, healthcare, telecommunication, etc. In WSNs, there is a necessity to design energy-efficient algorithms for different purposes. Load balancing of gateways in cluster-based WSNs is necessary to maximize the lifetime of a network. Shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) is a popular heuristic algorithm that incorporates a deterministic approach. Performance of any heuristic algorithm depends on its exploration and exploitation capability. The main contribution of this article is an enhanced SFLA with improved local search capability. Three strategies are tested to enhance the local search capability of SFLA to improve the load balancing of gateways in WSNs. The first proposed approach is deterministic in which the participation of the global best solution in information exchange is increased. The next two variations reduces the deterministic approach in the local search component of SFLA by introducing probability-based selection of frogs for information exchange. All three strategies improved the success of local search. Second contribution of article is increased lifetime of gateways in WSNs with a novel energy-biased load reduction phase introduced after the information exchange step. The proposed algorithm is tested with 15 datasets of varying areas of deployment, number of sensors and number of gateways. Proposed ESFLA-RW variation shows significant improvement over other variations in terms of successful local explorations, best fitness values, average fitness values and convergence rate for all datasets. Obtained results of proposed ESFLA-RW are significantly better in terms of network energy consumption, load balancing, first gateway die and network life. The proposed variations are tested to check the effect of various algorithm-specific parameters namely frog population size, probability of information exchange and probability of energy-biased load reduction phase. Higher population size and probabilities give better solutions and convergence rate.

Analisa Perbandingan Performansi Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) dengan Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) Pada Router Spoke DMVPN

The use of internet connections to develop Virtual Private Network (VPN) lines in companies has been massively applied. An example is the use of Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN) technology from Cisco, which can connect Spoke or branch offices through HUB or data centers. Besides requiring a secure network, companies also need high network availability. One of them is by using the redundancy method in order to minimize downtime when device damage occurs. In this research, the spoke router will apply two redundancy methods by Cisco, which are Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) and Gateway Load Balancing (GLBP). This research aims to compare the QoS performances and downtime between the two protocols in order to discover the suitable method for DMVPN networks at branch offices. The test scenario is conducted on the GNS-3 simulator using the File Trasnfer Protocol (FTP) service. The obtained test result shows that the HSRP throughput value is smaller from the GLBP with a difference of 0.20%, the increase in the average delay of the HSRP is smaller from the GLBP with a difference of 1.07%. The HSRP data transfer time is faster than GLBP with a difference of 1.49%, and HSRP downtime is 4.13% faster than GLBP. The conclusion is that a suitable redundancy solution for spoke router using the HSRP method

Performance Analysis and Functionality Comparison of First Hop Redundancy Protocols

High levels of availability can be expensive to maintain, but a lack of availability may also increase costs as it may damage the reputation of the business. This has led to the development of techniques that reduce downtime until it became transparent to the user. First hop redundancy protocols are an essential tool for improving the availability of IP networks. First hop redundancy protocols are protocols used to manage and maintain network default gateway router by using one or more redundant routers that will take over in case of default router failure. In this paper, we evaluate the three particular protocols of FHRPs, namely the Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP), Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), and Gateway Load Balancing (GLBP) using GNS3 tools. The First Hop Redundancy Protocols have been implemented, tested, optimized, and compared to one another in terms of convergence time, packet loss and CPU utilization. The comparison indicates which protocol is best in which scenario and which is best among the three protocols.

Analysis of FHRP Design and Implementation in RIPv2 and OSPF Routing Protocols

The high reliability of data access has become a problem faced by many companies, institutions, and universities. For this reason, a protocol required that can protect the network from a communication breakdown. One method used to maintain communication is by implementing a protocol redundancy system. One or more routers will act as the primary router for load balancing, and some routers are in standby mode if one main router is down. First hop redundancy protocols (FHRP) is a protocol that implements redundancy and load balancing systems. This protocol can transfer access data traffic if one of the routers on the network is down. FHRP divided into virtual router redundancy protocol (VRRP) and gateway load balancing Protocol (GLBP). This research analyzes the design and implementation to provide information about the quality of VRRP and GLBP services on the main router and the backup router, by using an application graphical network simulator (GNS) simulation 3. In the GNS3 application, a LAN network topology is designed with eight router devices in the form of a ring topology using RIPv2 and OSPF routing protocols, then implemented in protocols VRRP and GLBP. The analysis results show that GLBP can back up the network faster than VRRP when the primary router is down. If implemented into a LAN network with RIPv2 and OSPF routing protocols, VRRP has better service quality than GLBP.

Evalusi Kinerja Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) dan Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) untuk Layanan Video Streaming

Realtime (streaming) data communication has become a major requirement for companies and government institutions. Communication that occurs is not only limited to one particular local area but covers other areas so as to form a broad network (WAN). In building network infrastructure, one of the most important things is how networks can deal with failure (failure) on a computer network consists of failure of devices (devices) that affect Quality of Services (QoS). In every internet network design process, a redundant line is always added to complete the main line. So that if the main line is disrupted, data traffic can be transferred to the backup path, this process is called network redundancy. So that if one gateway dies, another gateway will immediately replace the dead gateway. There are two protocols included in the FHRP, namely Hot Standby Routing Protocol (HSRP), and Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP), these two protocols that can overcome this problem. So from that this study will discuss which protocol between the two protocols has the best performance in overcoming the problem. Methods of data collection with literature studies and literature studies, simulations carried out with 8 stages (problem formulation, conceptual models, input & output data, modeling, simulation, verification & validation, experimentation, and output analysis). The results of this study provide the best QoS value for the delay value is the HSRP ROUTER protocol, and for the value of packet loss is HSRP, and for throughput value is HSRP and the routing protocol that is appropriate for the network for video streaming services is HSRP

SIMULASI GATEWAY LOAD BALANCE PROTOCOL MENGGUNAKAN METODE WEIGHT

To support qualified IT operations, recently many companies have hired more than 1 (one) communication link as a redundancy and to improve High Availability or the availability of their network systems. One method to improve high availability of multi router networks (links) is to use Gateway Load Balance Protocol (GLBP) which is a protocol that works on OSI layer 3. Where the GLBP function is to divide the traffic load and as a failover function when one router / link is damaged. Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) itself is born from the concept of load balancing, a concept that is useful for dividing / balancing loads or loads on multiple links to the same remote network. That way the network link will not be disturbed if there is damage caused by one of the routers.This thesis describes the concept of GLBP by using the weight method where network simulation tools use GNS3 software. The results obtained from the simulation with GLBP weight method sharing the router data load is determined by the weight value given to each router. Where Comparison of Weight Values given to the Router will determine the number of data packets transmitted to the router.

Application-aware end-to-end delay and message loss estimation in Internet of Things (IoT) — MQTT-SN protocols

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is suffering from ailments like a small lifetime of participating nodes, packet loss during delivery, an end-to-end delay etc. Static allocation of sensor nodes and gateways are suitable for the predefined, pre-planned WSN. The more we comprise sensor nodes, the more we need gateways to accomplish the whole IoT (Internet of Things) based scenario. These communication imprecisions have led the trendy IoT network to be self-motivated in nature. This article proposed a gateway to gateway load balancing solution for smart talk static defined WS cluster network to overcome these issues. We have explored the unusual behavior of WSN gateways with suitable theoretical expressions and applied dynamic gateway selection formula to reduce end-to-end delay as well as to increase packet delivery rate. The experimental scenario has been developed using sensor devices, Arduino Uno, Raspberry Pi 3, Amazon web services, MQTT broker and private cloud platform in our Mobile Cloud computing laboratory. Theoretical analysis shows that the occurrence of delay due to increasing number of packets and message payload has reduced compared to the existing approaches. Experimental results confirm the correctness of the proposed model.

SCE-PSO based clustering approach for load balancing of gateways in wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of spatially distributed low power sensor nodes and gateways along with sink to monitor physical or environmental conditions. In cluster-based WSNs, the Cluster Head is treated as the gateway and gateways perform the multiple activities, such as data gathering, aggregation, and transmission etc. Due to improper clustering some sensor nodes and gateways are heavily loaded and dies early. This decreases lifetime of the network. Moreover, sensor nodes and gateways are constrained by energy, processing power and memory. Hence, to design an efficient clustering is a key challenge in WSNs. To solve this problem, in this paper we proposed (1) a clustering algorithm based on the shuffled complex evolution of particle swarm optimization (SCE-PSO) (2) a novel fitness function by considering mean cluster distance, gateways load and number of heavily loaded gateways in the network. The experimental results are compared with other state-of-the-art load balancing approaches, like score based load balancing, node local density load balancing, simple genetic algorithm, novel genetic algorithm. The experimental results shows that the proposed SCE-PSO based clustering algorithm enhanced WSNs lifetime when compared to other load balancing approaches. Also, the proposed SCE-PSO outperformed in terms of load balancing, execution time, energy consumption metrics when compared to other existing methods.

Shuffled Complex Evolution Approach for Load Balancing of Gateways in Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy consumption is one of the important factor of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). It has much attention in many fields. From recent studies, it is observed that energy consumption in WSN is challenging task as the energy is limited resource. This energy is needed for sensor nodes operation. In order to maximize the network lifetime, energy consumption should be mitigated. In cluster based WSN, cluster head i.e., the leader of cluster performs various activities, such as data collection from its member nodes, data aggregation and data exchange with base station. Hence, load balancing in WSNs is one of the challenging task to maximize network lifetime. In order to address this problem, in this paper, Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE) algorithm is used. A novel fitness function is also designed to evaluate fitness of solutions produced by SCE algorithm. In SCE, the solutions with best and worst fitness value exchange their information to produce new off-spring. We have simulated proposed load balancing algorithm along with other state-of-the-art load balancing algorithms, namely Node Local Density Load Balancing, Score Based Load Balancing, Simple Genetic Algorithm based load balancing, Novel Genetic Algorithm based Load Balancing. It is observed from experimental results that proposed load balancing algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art load balancing algorithms in terms of load balancing, energy consumption, execution time, number of sensor nodes and number of heavy loaded sensor nodes.

An Efficient Load Balancing of Gateways Using Improved Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm and Novel Fitness Function for WSNs

Energy consumption is one of the important factors in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) design. As energy is a limited resource, energy consumption problem in WSNs has become a fast growing problem, and there is a need of efficient and robust algorithms for load balancing in WSNs. This energy is needed for sensor nodes operations. In order to maximize the network lifetime, energy consumption should be optimized. In cluster-based WSNs, cluster heads or gateways perform activities, such as data collection from its member nodes, data aggregation, and data exchange with the base station. Hence, load balancing of gateways in WSNs is one of the crucial and challenging tasks to maximize network lifetime. In order to address this problem, in this paper, shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) is improved by suitably modifying the frog’s population generation and off-spring generation phases in SFLA and by introducing a transfer phase. A novel fitness function is also designed to evaluate the quality of the solutions produced by the improved SFLA. We performed extensive simulations of the proposed load balancing algorithm in terms of various performance parameters. The experimental results are encouraging and demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.

An Internet Access Solution: MANET Routing and a Gateway Selection Approach for Disaster Scenarios

After natural and man-made disasters, the telecommunication infrastructure is usually severely damaged, thus hampering communication and rescue services. It is impossible for disaster victims to make use of communication devices such as cellular phones, iPads, or their laptops to make a connection with the outside world (Internet). With infrastructure less and decentralized features, the mobile ad hoc network (MANET) can play an important role in improving communication in post-disaster affected areas. Therefore, the important functionalities of a MANET that allow users to create dynamically configurable wireless networks without fixed infrastructure using common devices such as mobile phones is necessary. This paper reports on the development of new techniques for routing selection and gateway load balancing in MANETs. Network fairness, throughput, and packet delays are measured empirically. The proposed mechanisms can reduce network congestion and consequently improve communication in affected areas.

Improvement of Adaptive Load Balanced Gateway Discovery Protocol in Hybrid Integrated Internet-MANET

<p class="0abstract">Internetworking of different types of networks is envisaged as one of the primary objectives of the future 5G networks. Integrated Internet-MANET is a heterogeneous networking architecture which is the result of interconnecting wired Internet and wireless MANET. Multiprotocol gateways are used to achieve this interconnection. There are two types of Integrated Internet-MANET architectures, two-tier and three-tier. A combination of two-tier and three tier architectures also exists, called the Hybrid Framework or Hybrid Integrated Internet-MANET. Some of the most important issues common to all Integrated Internet-MANET architecture are: efficient gateway discovery, mobile node registration and gateway load balancing. Adaptive WLB-AODV is an existing protocol which addresses the issues of Gateway load balancing and efficient Gateway discovery. In this paper, an improvement is proposed to Adaptive WLB-AODV, called Adaptive Modified-WLV-AODV by taking into account route latency. The proposed protocol has been implemented in Hybrid Integrated Internet-MANET and has been simulated using network simulation tool ns-2. Based on the simulation results, it is observed that the proposed protocol delivers better performance than the existing protocol in terms of performance metrics end-to-end delay and packet loss ratio. The performance of the proposed protocol is further optimized using a genetic algorithm.</p>

Improving hybrid ad hoc networks: The election of gateways

The selection of an appropriate and stable route that enables suitable load balancing of Internet gateways is an important issue in hybrid mobile ad hoc networks. The variables employed to perform routing must ensure that no harm is caused that might degrade other network performance metrics such as delay and packet loss. Moreover, the effect of such routing must remain affordable, such as low losses or extra signaling messages. This paper proposes a new method, Steady Load Balancing Gateway Election, based on a fuzzy logic system to achieve this objective. The fuzzy system infers a new routing metric named cost that considers several networks performance variables to select the best gateway. To solve the problem of defining the fuzzy sets, they are optimized by a genetic algorithm whose fitness function also employs fuzzy logic and is designed with four network performance metrics. The promising results confirm that ad hoc networks are characterized by great uncertainty, so that the use of Computational Intelligence methods such as fuzzy logic or genetic algorithms is highly recommended.

Network Traffic Load Balancing In Gateways

Load balancing is the practice of evenly distributing work among multiple devices. This technique provides several important benefits. Load Balancing in Gateways is a very important in today's emerging world. All the traffic of the computer network flows through the gateways of its network. A network gateway is an internetworking system capable of joining together two networks that use different base protocols. A network gateway can be implemented completely in software, completely in hardware, or as a combination of both. Network has great importance in gateway load balancing mechanism. The gateway node plays an important role as a bridge between different networks domains. The traffic load in gateways is a crucial part of the network which needs to be resolved and are important in order to reduce the load imbalance and to maximize the total network throughput. Such gateway load balancing is considered to improve the network performance more effectively than multipath load balancing. In this seminar, I am trying to show the network traffic, importance of traffic management in network especially in the gateways and point out that performing gateway load balancing is vital in order to take full advantage of the resources available and thereby improve the performance. A research study in this area and methodology to identify gateway load-balancing and characterize load-balanced paths is performed.

Responsive on-line gateway load-balancing for wireless mesh networks

We propose an adaptive online load-balancing protocol for multi-gateway Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) which, based on the current network conditions, balances load between gateways. Traffic is balanced at the TCP flow level and, as a result, the aggregate throughput, average flow throughput and fairness of flows improves. The proposed scheme (referred to as Gateway Load-Balancing, GWLB) is highly responsive, thanks to fast gateway selection and the fact that current traffic conditions are maintained up-to-date at all times without any overhead. It also effectively takes into account intra-flow and inter-flow interference when switching flows between gateway domains. We have found the performance achievable by routes used after gateway selection to be very close to the performance of optimal routes found by solving a MINLP formulation under the protocol model of interference. Through simulations, we analyze performance and compare with a number of proposed strategies, showing that GWLB outperforms them. In particular, we have observed average flow throughput gains of 128% over the nearest gateway strategy.