Feed Gas Research Articles

Mo–V–Al–K–O catalyst for low-temperature oxidative dehydrogenation of propane

Compared with propane dehydrogenation (PDH) technology, oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane is an effective way to break through the thermodynamic constraints, which has changed the endothermic reaction into exothermic. Meanwhile, coking in PDH was significantly reduced by the presence of an oxidant in ODH of propane. Therefore, ODH of propane has attracted wide interest and has been studied in recent years. However, the contradiction between the conversion of propane and the selectivity of propene was the intrinsic problem of ODH of propane that required further study. In this work, a novel aluminum/potassium-doped mixed metal oxide catalyst Mo1V0.5Al0.02K0.03Ox was synthesized using a simple co-impregnation method, whose selectivity for propene (83.2 %) and conversion of propane (12.7 %) at 300 °C were the best among all other alkali metal/alkaline-earth metal-doped catalysts. The further discussion illustrated that doping potassium and alumina could synergistically adjust the density of acid sites on the catalyst, establishing an equilibrium between high propane conversion and the ideal propene selectivity. After modification, the density of Brønsted acid decreased, leading to an enhancement in the selectivity of propene. Simultaneously, the addition of steam in the feed gas promotes propene to oxygenates and improves the conversion of propane under the condition of constant contact time.

Hydrogen recovery from steam methane reforming using the ITQ-12 zeolite

The aim of this work is to investigate the potential use of the ITQ-12 zeolite in a PSA process to obtain purified hydrogen from the SMR product stream using molecular simulation. Since the main components of the product stream are hydrogen and carbon dioxide, we put the focus on the separation of these two gases. The separation of hydrogen from the other components (methane, carbon monoxide and nitrogen) will be briefly touched upon as well. From inspection of the adsorption isotherms of carbon dioxide and hydrogen in ITQ-12 we found that the former gas dominates at industrially relevant conditions (311 K and 16 ⋅105 Pa). Breakthrough curves reveal that the ITQ-12 zeolite is likely to perform well in a PSA process for the separation of hydrogen from carbon dioxide. We found that in general higher column lengths and lower gas feed velocities are favourable for a good separation while higher gas feed velocities are favourable for the cleansing of carbon dioxide from the column. For the full mixture it is necessary to employ longer column lengths in order to separate hydrogen from the other components. This is because nitrogen and carbon monoxide exhibit retention times similar to hydrogen, though the latter still travels through the column the fastest. Alternatively the use of ITQ-12 could be combined with other separation techniques, where ITQ-12 is used to mainly remove CO2 and CH4 from the SMR product stream. These findings suggest that SMR could become an economically viable way to produce hydrogen by using ITQ-12 in the separation process.

Brewery CO2 conversion into acetic acid at an optimized set of microbial electrosynthesis process parameters

Direct utilization of unpurified industrial CO2 is desired to minimize feedstock transportation and purification costs and develop cost-efficient carbon utilization technologies. To this end, utilization of brewery CO2, which is a readily available yet underexplored carbon source, is feasible via microbial electrosynthesis (MES) technology, though the productivity indicators remain lower. This study provides insights into enhancing the MES productivity from unpurified brewery CO2 through optimization of feed rate and cathode potential (Ecathode), besides assessing the impact of catholyte recirculation on overall production parameters. At an Ecathode of –1V, the Acetobacterium-dominated enriched mixed microbial culture produced up to 6.6g/L acetic acid at 85% coulombic efficiency and cell voltage (Ecell) of 2.98V from brewery CO2 fed continuously at 0.7L/d rate. Acetic acid production decreased at the lower or higher Ecathode and gas feed rate conditions, emphasizing the importance of maintaining an optimal balance between the gas flow rate and Ecathode to achieve efficient H2-mediated production. With the catholyte recirculation loop in reactors operated under the optimized Ecathode and feed rate conditions, acetate production enhanced further to 7.6±0.65g/L at 92% coulombic efficiency and 2.9V Ecell. The improved productivity can be attributed to better mixing and retention of CO2 and H2 in MES reactors, besides the enhanced growth and dominance of key CO2-fixing acetogens belonging to Acetobacterium and Eubacterium genera under the catholyte recirculation condition. The findings suggest that fine-tuning various process parameters is pivotal to achieving the desired MES productivity.

Study of municipal solid waste treatment using plasma gasification by application of Aspen Plus

Abstract Plasma gasification is a viable and efficient technique for handling solid waste, including hazardous waste, while also holding the potential for energy recovery. The objective of this study is to analyze the treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) using plasma gasification by application of Aspen Plus software. An earlier proposed model was used to analyze the effect of employing different types of gasifying agents as plasma gas, on the composition of syngas produced. The lower heating value, cold gasification efficiency and carbon conversion efficiency were calculated and compared in each case. A sensitivity analysis study was also carried out to observe the effect of variation in plasma gas flow rate and feed flow rate on the composition of syngas generated. The capital, operational and maintenance costs of the process were determined using existing correlations. For a feed rate of 20,000 kg per hour of MSW, the highest yield of syngas (CO (33.48 %), and H2 (34.30 %) with the highest LHV (7.9 MJ/N-m3)) were produced when air was employed as plasma gas. The cold gas efficiency and the carbon conversion efficiency were at their peak when air was used as the gasifying agent. The sensitivity analysis revealed that as the flow rate of plasma gas increases syngas production decreases while the increase in MSW flow rate results in an increase in syngas production. Additionally, the cost analysis revealed that for a plasma gasification plant that can handle 500 tons of MSW per day, the estimated capital and annual operational and maintenance costs are $125,496,721 and $9,833,892 respectively.

A Numerical Study of the Thermochemical and Aerodynamic States of H2‐intensive Direct Reduction Shaft Furnace

In the urgent pursuit of deep decarbonization, the steel industry has paid significant attention to the hydrogen‐intensive direct reduction process, where the H2‐to‐CO (volume) ratio of feed gas for the shaft furnace (SF) is increased compared to the current level. In this work, the reduction process of iron oxide pellets in the SF is investigated numerically to clarify how the in‐furnace thermochemical and aerodynamic states are affected by increasing hydrogen content, with the goal to provide guidelines for more efficient operations of the unit. Multiscale modeling is conducted to investigate the complicated gas–solid countercurrent reactive flows in the SF where the reduction behavior of an individual iron oxide pellet is described using a three‐interface unreacted shrinking core model. The results show that an increase in the hydrogen content leads to a lower temperature level and hence a deteriorated thermochemical state. It also induces a lower gas pressure drop over the in‐furnace packed bed.

Report on laser-induced fluorescence transitions relevant for the microelectronics industry and sustainability applications

A wide variety of feed gases are used to generate low-temperature plasmas for the microelectronics and sustainability applications. These plasmas often have a complex combination of reactive and nonreactive species which may have spatial and temporal variations in density, temperature, and energy. Accurate knowledge of these parameters and their variations is critically important for understanding and advancing these applications through validated and predictive modeling and the design of relevant devices. Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) provides both spatial and temporally resolved information about the plasma-produced radicals, ions, and metastables. However, the use of this powerful diagnostic tool requires the knowledge of optical transitions including excitation and fluorescence wavelengths which may not be available or scattered through a huge literature domain. In this paper, we collected, analyzed, and compiled the available transitions for laser-induced fluorescence for more than 160 chemical species relevant to the microelectronics industry and the sustainability applications. A list of species with overlapping LIF excitations and fluorescence wavelengths have been identified. This summary is intended to serve as a data reference for LIF transitions and should be updated in the future.

High Compression in Palladium Alloy Metal Foil Pumps

Metal foil pumps (MFPs) are key components in the direct internal recycling inner fuel cycle loop for the recovery of hydrogen isotopes from deuterium-tritium fusion exhaust. Operating under vacuum conditions, they utilize superthermal hydrogen as the feed gas in a process called superpermeation. A notable feature of MFPs is their ability to pump against a pressure gradient. This study examines the compression capabilities of PdAg and PdCu MFPs at low temperatures with a constant feed pressure of 10 Pa. At 75°C, compression ratios exceeding 200 were readily achieved, with downstream pressures exceeding 4500 Pa using PdCu. For both alloys, net fluxes decreased by only ~15% at downstream pressures of 1000 Pa, which offers potential simplifications for the downstream pump train. Performance declined markedly when the temperature was elevated to 200°C. Pump curves were constructed and advocated as the most appropriate manner to assess MFP performance. Separate pressure-driven-permeation experiments at relevant conditions were conducted, providing a direct measurement of the hydrogen dissociation constant k d , which was found to be in good agreement with the previous literature. These measurements were used to predict pump curves and maximum compression ratios by balancing superpermeation with pressure-driven permeation, achieving excellent agreement with experiment. Last, experiments using asymmetric MFPs revealed the detrimental impact that surface impurities have on performance in this system.

High-density gas target at the LHCb experiment

The recently installed internal gas target at LHCb presents exceptional opportunities for an extensive physics program for heavy-ion, hadron, spin, and astroparticle physics. A storage cell placed in the LHC primary vacuum, an advanced Gas Feed System, the availability of multi-TeV proton and ion beams, and the recent upgrade of the LHCb detector make this project unique worldwide. In this paper, we outline the main components of the system, the physics prospects it offers, and the hardware challenges encountered during its implementation. The commissioning phase has yielded promising results, demonstrating that fixed-target collisions can occur concurrently with the collider mode without compromising efficient data acquisition and high-quality reconstruction of beam-gas and beam-beam interactions. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Oxygen‐Stable Electrochemical CO2 Capture using Redox‐Active Heterocyclic Benzodithiophene Quinone

AbstractElectrochemical carbon capture offers a promising alternative to thermal amine technology, which serves as the traditional benchmark method for CO2 capture. Despite its technological maturity, the widespread deployment of thermal amine technologies is hindered by high energy consumption and sorbent degradation. In contrast, electrochemical methods, with their inherently isothermal operation, address these challenges, offering enhanced energy efficiency and robustness. Among emerging strategies, electrochemical carbon capture systems using redox‐active materials such as quinones stand out for their potential to capture CO2. However, their practical application is currently limited by their low stability in the presence of oxygen. We demonstrate that benzodithiophene quinone (BDT‐Q), a heterocyclic quinone, exhibits high stability in electrochemical carbon capture processes with oxygen‐containing feed gas. Conducted in a cyclic flow system with a simulated flue gas mixture containing 13 % CO2 and 3.5 % O2 for over 100 hours, the process demonstrates high oxygen stability with an electron utilization of 0.83 without significant degradation, indicating a promising approach for real world applications. Our study explores the potential of new heterocyclic quinone compounds in the context of carbon capture technologies.

CO2-free production of hydrogen via pyrolysis of natural gas: influence of non-methane hydrocarbons on product composition, methane conversion, hydrogen yield, and carbon capture

Methane pyrolysis represents a CO2-free hydrogen production route that enables simultaneous carbon capture. While the majority of previous studies in the field focus on pure CH4 as feed gas stream, commercial processes will typically rely on natural gas as feedstock that contains also non-methane hydrocarbons such as ethane, propane, and n-butane. Therefore, the present study evaluates how CH4 conversion, H2 selectivity, product composition, and solid carbon yield evolve when using either pure CH4 or synthetic natural gas (SNG) as feed gas stream for a thermal pyrolysis process in a lab-scale high-temperature reactor. For this, industrially viable conditions are applied, namely temperatures between 1000 °C and 1600 °C, residence times between 1 s and 7 s, and molar H2 dilution ratios between 1:1 and 4:1. Although the use of SNG results in slightly lower hydrocarbon conversions because the additional components in SNG result in a higher effective H2 dilution ratio compared to a CH4-only feed, the non-methane hydrocarbons in the SNG have a positive effect on both H2 selectivity and solid carbon yield. Taking existing mechanistic understanding into account, these positive effects are attributed to radicals formed from the non-methane hydrocarbons, which facilitate dehydrogenation steps from ethane to ethylene and hereby increase the relative amount of H2 originating from CH4. The introduction of a carbonaceous fixed bed further benefits the performance of the pyrolysis process and ultimately enables to capture more than 98% of carbon in its solid form under industrially viable process conditions.

Oxygen-Stable Electrochemical CO2 Capture using Redox-Active Heterocyclic Benzodithiophene Quinone.

Electrochemical carbon capture offers a promising alternative to thermal amine technology, which serves as the traditional benchmark method for CO2 capture. Despite its technological maturity, the widespread deployment of thermal amine technologies is hindered by high energy consumption and sorbent degradation. In contrast, electrochemical methods, with their inherently isothermal operation, address these challenges, offering enhanced energy efficiency and robustness. Among emerging strategies, electrochemical carbon capture systems using redox-active materials such as quinones stand out for their potential to capture CO2. However, their practical application is currently limited by their low stability in the presence of oxygen. We demonstrate that benzodithiophene quinone (BDT-Q), a heterocyclic quinone, exhibits high stability in electrochemical carbon capture processes with oxygen-containing feed gas. Conducted in a cyclic flow system with a simulated flue gas mixture containing 13 % CO2 and 3.5 % O2 for over 100 hours, the process demonstrates high oxygen stability with an electron utilization of 0.83 without significant degradation, indicating a promising approach for real world applications. Our study explores the potential of new heterocyclic quinone compounds in the context of carbon capture technologies.

Intensifying the CO2/N2 separation performance of PVAm membrane by amine-functionalized porous montmorillonite

Multilayered montmorillonite (MMT) exhibits the building block stacking in polymer matrix, which has tortuous transport passageways and a few CO2 affinity sites, thus mixed matrix membranes incorporated with MMT have low molecular recognition ability for CO2. Herein, the porous MMT (p-MMT) was initially prepared through the solid-phase desilication reaction, and then amine-functionalized p-MMT (P3.2@p-MMT) was synthesized by the electrostatic interaction between positively charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) and negatively charged p-MMT, in which PEI was confined within the pore. Subsequently, mixed matrix composite membranes (MMCMs) were developed by the dispersion of polyvinylamine (PVAm) and P3.2@p-MMT, as well as hydrophilic-modified polysulfone as a support. It was observed that P3.2@p-MMT was uniformly dispersed in polymer matrix, and two phases had good interfacial compatibility due to hydrogen bonding. As a result, the gas separation performance of as-prepared MMCMs achieved a CO2 permeance of 217 GPU with a CO2/N2 selectivity of 112.3, which were 2.97 and 2.45 times that of the pristine PVAm membrane, and 1.57 and 2.49 times that of MMCMs incorporated with p-MMT respectively. The excellent gas separation performance is attributed to the relatively straight transport passageways, which originates from P3.2@p-MMT. Moreover, the amine groups within the pore of P3.2@p-MMT facilitate CO2 transport in the MMCMs. In addition, as-prepared MMCMs had high stability during over 360 h-testing, which displayed an average CO2 permeance of 238 GPU with the CO2/N2 selectivity of 124.1 utilized a gas mixture as the feed gas.

Process swing adsorption with selective purge gas recirculation (PSA-SPUR): Adsorption process technology optimised for separation of heavy component from a gas mixture and its design for CO2 capture through Equilibrium Theory analysis

PSA-SPUR (Pressure Swing Adsorption with Selective Purge Gas Recirculation) has been developed aimed at separating the most strongly adsorbing component from a gas mixture at high product purity and recovery. The innovative strategy for designing a Pressure Swing Adsorption system features recycling its purge gas stream exiting the column and mixing it back into the feed. This operation enriches the mixed feed with an elevated fraction of the heavy component during the adsorption step, thus enhancing the PSA’s performance greatly. Reusing the purge gas helps significantly increase the product recovery compared to conventional methods where purge gas is simply discarded or taken as a low-quality product. For theoretical analysis of a PSA-SPUR system, a bespoke Equilibrium Theory model was developed and solved successfully, providing valuable insights into the performance of the PSA-SPUR system designed for capturing CO2 from a flue gas. The study revealed that there exists an optimum extent of purging that maximises the heavy component mole fraction in the mixed feed, leading to the best possible feed throughput of the adsorption system. Furthermore, the effects of the desorption pressure and feed composition on the PSA-SPUR system’s performance were investigated. The results indicate that the CO2 capture PSA-SPUR system using commercial zeolite 13X has excellent potential to achieve very high product purity and recovery, being allowed to operate at moderate vacuum pressures without having to compress the flue gas feed, even when the gas feed contains less than 10 mol% CO2.

Low-Temperature Rapid Drying of Viscous Sludge Via Non-Phase Change Based on Particle High-Speed Self-Rotation and Medium Dispersion in Cyclone

Drying operations are of grave importance to realize the reduction and utilization of sewage sludge resources, but the conventional thermal evaporation drying (TED) technology faces challenges due to the need for a large amount of thermal energy to conquer the phase-change latent heat of moisture. Herein, we report a non-phase change technology based on particle high-speed self-rotation in a cyclone for fast, low-temperature drying of viscous sludge with high moisture contents. Dispersed phase medium (DPM) is introduced into the cyclone self-rotation drying (CSRD) reactor to enhance the dispersion of the viscous sludge. The effects of carrier gas temperature, feeding rate, size, and proportion of DPM particles in the drying process are systematically examined. Under optimal operating conditions, the weighted content of moisture in the viscous sludge could be reduced from 80% to 15.01% in less than 5 s, achieving a high drying efficiency of 95.79%. Theoretical calculations also reveal that 89.26% of the moisture is removed through a phase change pathway, contributing to a 522-fold increase in the drying rate of CSRD compared to TED technology. This investigation presents a sustainable effective approach for high moisture viscous sludge treatment with low energy consumption and carbon emissions.

Comparative Study of Mesophilic Biomethane Production in Ex Situ Trickling Bed and Bubble Reactors

Biomethane production via biogas upgrading is regarded as a future renewable gas, further boosting the biogas economy. Moreover, when upgrading is realized by the biogas CO2 conversion to CH4 using surplus renewable energy, the process of upgrading becomes a renewable energy storage method. This conversion can be carried out via microorganisms, and has attracted scientific attention, especially under thermophilic conditions. In this study, mesophilic conditions were imposed using a previously developed enriched culture. The enriched culture consisted of the hydrogenotrophic Methanobrevibacter (97% of the Archaea species and 60% of the overall population). Biogas upgrading took place in three lab-scale bioreactors: (a) a 1.2 L bubble reactor (BR), (b) a 2 L trickling bed reactor (TBR) filled with plastic supporting material (TBR-P), and (c) a 1.2 L TBR filled with sintered glass balls (TBR-S). The gas fed into the reactors was a mixture of synthetic biogas and hydrogen, with the H2 to biogas CO2 ratio being 3.7:1, lower than the stoichiometric ratio (4:1). Therefore, the feeding gas mixture did not make it possible for the CH4 content in the biomethane to be more than 97%. The results showed that the BR produced biomethane with a CH4 content of 91.15 ± 1.01% under a gas retention time (GRT) of 12.7 h, while the TBR-P operation resulted in a CH4 content of 90.92 ± 2.15% under a GRT of 6 h. The TBR-S operated at a lower GRT (4 h), yielding an effluent gas richer in CH4 (93.08 ± 0.39%). Lowering the GRT further deteriorated the efficiency but did not influence the metabolic pathway, since no trace of volatile fatty acids was detected. These findings are essential indicators of the process stability under mesophilic conditions.

Numerical investigation on hydrogen reduction of iron oxide pellets in a shaft furnace: Unveiling the impact of particle size

The reduction process of iron oxide pellets in the hydrogen shaft furnace is investigated numerically with the main purpose of clarifying the extent to which the pellet diameter can be reduced under the particle fluidization constraint, further exploring feasible options for preventing fluidization. A standalone numerical routine is developed to estimate the fluidization factor of the in-furnace burden. The results show that an increase in the gas feed rate yields a higher solid reduction degree, but also causes a larger fluidization factor due to the increase in the pressure drop. Under the conditions where the specific gas feed rate and pellet diameter are 1600 Nm3/t-pellet and 13 mm, respectively, the fluidization factor is smaller than unity, which is the threshold representing the occurrence of particle fluidization. A decrease in the pellet diameter is kinetically beneficial for the reduction reactions but also results in a clear rise of the pressure drop and hence an increase in the fluidization factor, which surpasses unity when the pellet diameter becomes smaller than 11 mm. The fluidization factor can be effectively lowered by adopting a higher top gas pressure, indicating that increasing the operating pressure is a feasible option for preventing fluidization of small particles.

Study on Oxygen Plasma-Based Copper Etching Process

Abstract A plasma-based, room-temperature copper etch process using the chlorine- or bromine-containing feed gas was reported. This simple process could potentially replace the chemical mechanical polishing method in preparing copper interconnects. However, the chlorine- and bromine-containing gases are corrosive and must be handled with expensive equipment following stringent safety procedures. In this paper, the oxygen plasma-based copper etch process is presented. The copper film was converted into a porous and polycrystalline copper oxide film which was subsequently dissolved in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution. The copper film was expanded when converted into an oxide film. The oxidation precursors, i.e., oxygen radicals and ions, were generated in the plasma phase and then transported through the oxide layer to the underneath copper film where the oxidation reaction proceeded. The oxide growth rate is affected by plasma parameters, such as pressure and power, and the kinetics of the oxidation reaction. This new oxygen plasma-based process is a simple solution for preparing copper interconnects for nano and microelectronic products.

Photocatalytic Semi-Hydrogenation of Acetylene to Polymer-Grade Ethylene with Molecular and Metal-Organic Framework Cobaloximes.

The semi-hydrogenation of acetylene in ethylene-rich gas streams is a high-priority industrial chemical reaction for producing polymer-grade ethylene. Traditional thermocatalytic routes for acetylene reduction to ethylene, despite progress, still require high temperatures and high H2 consumption, possess relatively low selectivity, and use a noble metal catalyst. Light-powered strategies are starting to emerge, given that they have the potential to use directly the abundant and sustainable solar irradiation, but are ineffective. Here an efficient, >99.9% selective, visible-light powered, catalytic conversion of acetylene to ethylene is reported. The catalyst is a homogeneous molecular cobaloxime that operates in tandem with a photosensitizer at room temperature and bypasses the use of non-environmentally friendly and flammable H2 gas feed. The reaction proceeds through a cobalt-hydride intermediate with ≈100% conversion of acetylene under competitive (ethylene co-feed) conditions after only 50 min, and with no evolution of H2 or over-hydrogenation to ethane. The cobaloxime is further incorporated as a linker in a metal-organic framework; the result is a heterogeneous catalyst for the conversion of acetylene under competitive (ethylene co-feed) conditions that can be recycled up to six times and remains catalytically active for 48 h, before significant loss of performance is observed.

On the Role of Anions in Solid Catalysts with Ionic Liquid Layer (SCILL) for the Selective Hydrogenation of Highly Concentrated Acetylene Streams.

Electric plasma assisted pyrolysis of methane represents a highly promising greener alternative to produce ethylene from biogas and renewable energies compared to conventional steam cracking of naphtha. The mediocre performance of typical Pd-Ag catalysts for the downstream purification of the substantially higher concentrated acetylene impurities (≥15 vol.-%) in those ethylene streams via selective hydrogenation is yet limiting economic interest. Following the concept of solid catalysts with ionic liquid layer (SCILL), we have modified an intrinsically non-selective palladium catalyst with imidazolium based ionic liquids varying among 10 different anions and investigated them in this reaction. The best performing [C4C1IM][MeSO4]-SCILL reaches an outstanding average ethylene selectivity over 20 h on-stream of 82 % at full acetylene conversion without any sign of deactivation, clearly outperforming conventional Pd-Ag catalysts. By varying parameters like ionic liquid (IL) loading, temperature, feed gas composition, cations, and by using XPS for surface analysis we could gain a very comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms that reduce the competing over-hydrogenation and oligomerisation side-reactions.

Functional properties of expanded austenite generated on AISI 316L by plasma nitrocarburizing using different active screen materials

Abstract This study investigates the functional properties of the expanded austenite layers generated on AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel resulting from active screen plasma nitrocarburizing using different active screen materials, i.e. steel or solid carbon. Treatments were conducted at 460 °C for 5 hours in a nitrogen-hydrogen feed gas, whereas for the treatments using a steel active screen, methane was added as carbon precursor. Additionally, the bias plasma conditions applied at the samples were varied between 0 kW and 1.25 kW. Samples were characterized by complementary microstructural and compositional investigations, surface roughness and hardness measurements, pin-on-disk tribological tests as well as potentiodynamic polarization tests in H2SO4 and NaCl electrolytes. The functional properties of the case are discussed based on the contents of nitrogen and carbon in the expanded austenite and on their effective diffusion depths. The results show that the usage of a carbon screen generally produces surfaces with uniform layer thickness, high hardness, improved wear resistance and a delayed tendency to pitting corrosion independent of the bias condition applied to the samples. When applying both screen materials at non-biased condition, the general corrosion resistance is slightly reduced under the conditions used, however, the layers generated using the carbon screen have a wear rate that is 3 times lower. It can be concluded that the carbon screen represents a robust treatment variant for austenitic stainless steels to produce sufficiently thick and wear-resistant surface layers in a short treatment duration, which still have the potential to maintain the corrosion resistance in different environments.