Garden Design Research Articles

Linking Urban Water Management, Wastewater Recycling, and Environmental Education: A Case Study on Engaging Youth in Sustainable Water Resource Management in a Public School in Casablanca City, Morocco

The management of water resources is crucial for sustainable development, necessitating innovative solutions to address the increasing demand for safe water. Alternative approaches must be adopted to effectively engage young generations in understanding the importance of water resources. This chapter reports on an experiment that aimed to promote sustainability education by linking wastewater treatment and reuse with an educational garden. In particular, an undertaking was executed to establish a decentralized wastewater treatment system wherein purified water was employed for the purpose of irrigation. The study’s primary focus is on the association between urban water management, wastewater recycling, and environmental education. The study has two distinct components. The first segment discusses three examples of projects that have employed urban wastewater treatment and reuse to generate environmental education materials using various approaches. The second component features a case study of a public high school in Casablanca, where students participated in a questionnaire and participatory workshops to design an educational garden. The study’s outcomes include a proposed educational garden design that will be presented to the relevant authorities and project partners.

Research on key acoustic characteristics of soundscapes of the classical Chinese gardens

Soundscapes have played an important role in the design and building of classical Chinese gardens. In Chinese classical poetry, biophonies such as bird calls, and geophonies such as wind, are the preferable sound sources. Although these major sound sources have been categorized and summarized by scholars extensively, little research has been conducted to analyze the physical characteristics and preference matrix of these preferred sound sources. Moreover, the perceived loudness of sound in classical Chinese gardens has received more attention from scholars than acoustic frequency. In this study, we selected 12 sound sources that are most typically present in classical Chinese gardens based on extensive literature research on Chinese classical poetry, and acquired respective audio samples from the BBC’s library of Sound Effects. Through the spectrogram analyses, pitch detection algorithm and LSTM audio classification methods, the sound sources were classified into discrete sound sources with pitch variation and continuous sound sources with spectral characteristics of white noise or pink noise. The reasoning behind the preference for these two types of sound sources was then discussed from physical and mental healing perspectives, which aims to help provide perspectives on the associated implications in the planning of urban green spaces.

A Study on the Value of Green, Low Carbon and Environmentally Friendly Materials in Modern Gardens

With the continued development of the modern economy, China has made great achievements in urbanisation. However, while China’s economic progress has been effective, it has also advocated the construction of green cities and the application of green materials in modern garden construction to build a livable life for people. In order to promote the use of natural green materials, materials should be planned well in modern garden construction. On the basis of making full use of these green materials, garden design is optimised with the help of natural green materials. This study analyses the current situation of the development of the urbanised garden industry, makes good site planning and design of modern gardens, applies natural green plants in urbanised construction, and increases the application rate of green, low-carbon and environmentally friendly materials in modern garden construction. The study provides a reference for the full use of green, low-carbon and environmentally friendly materials in modern garden construction to enhance the level of garden design.

Austerity in Japanese Spaces

The purpose of this paper is to look at austerity present in Japanese culture spaces, such as Japanese gardens, Japanese interior design, which is minimalist, Japanese haiku poems settings, and their connection with Buddhist philosophy. The Japanese do not seem keen on accumulating objects. Instead, they prefer to keep their space minimal. The emptiness in Japanese Buddhist philosophy appears in interior design and garden design. Moreover, the Japanese focus more on their surroundings, for instance on contemplating the seasons and on their awareness of the changing seasons. Buddhist temples allow a large view of the landscape. Meanwhile, the interior design remains minimalist, and it also allows the inhabitant to be surrounded by empty space. The Japanese are not so much focused on accumulating objects during their lifetime as Westerners are. What could be such reasons? Why is their focus on the aesthetics of the surroundings? What could this tell us about Japanese culture that makes it unique?

A Review of Chinese and Western Research on Community Garden Design: A Visualized Analysis Based on CiteSpace

ABSTRACT Under the guidance of the new policy of urban renewal, the concept of community garden is gaining popularity in theory and practice in today’s increasingly tense urban environment. This paper is a review of the research on community gardens. Based on the visualization system of CiteSpace software, it focuses on the analysis of 42 important studies In China and abroad, covering their keywords, research methodology and main findings. Through analysis, this study mainly studies the current knowledge structure, hot topics and research trends in the field of community garden, so as to provide reference for the theoretical research and design practice applied to the field of community garden, and inspire the design of community gardens according to different sites, audiences, scenarios and needs. This study shows that designers and researchers are realizing the importance of promoting civic participation to achieve design optimization and promoting community support for urban landscape systems. Public participation can help designers consider regional culture, religion, history and human needs in a comprehensive manner. At the same time, public participation and gatherings can also promote community identity and sustainable development.

Examining the Microclimate Pattern and Related Spatial Perception of the Urban Stormwater Management Landscape: The Case of Rain Gardens

This study examines the microclimate pattern and related spatial perception of urban green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) and the stormwater management landscape, using rain gardens as a case study. It investigates the relationship between different rain garden design factors, such as scale, depth, and planting design, and their effects on microclimate patterns and human spatial perception. Taking an area in Blacksburg, Virginia, as the study site, twelve rain garden design scenarios are generated by combining different design factors. The potential air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed/direction are analyzed through computational simulation. Additionally, feelings of comfort, the visual beauty of the landscape, and the overall favorite are used as an evaluation index to investigate people’s perception of various rain garden design options. The study found that a multilayer and complex planting design can add more areas with moderate temperature and higher humidity. It also significantly improves people’s subjective perception of a rain garden. Furthermore, a larger scale rain garden can make people feel more comfortable and improve the visual beauty of the landscape, highlighting the importance of designing larger and recreational bioretention cells in GSI systems. Regarding depth, a relatively flatter rain garden with a complex planting design can bring stronger air flow and achieve better visual comfort and visual beauty. Overall, by examining the microclimate pattern and related perception of rain gardens, this study provides insight into better rain garden design strategies for the urban stormwater management landscape. It explores the potential of rain garden design in urban GSI and responds to climate change.

Reflecting on eclecticism in garden heritage: The Monforte Gardens in Valencia as a case study

Precedent historic styles were analysed and recovered by historicist revisionism and revivalism during the nineteenth century. The lack of a style of its century lead to eclecticism, a trend that involved a merging of diverse ornamental repertories. Accordingly, eclectic garden design employed historic styles of different origins. As the cities grew, suburban gardens were integrated within the urban sprawl. The Monforte Gardens in Valencia represent a relevant case study characteristic of nineteenth century major garden design and development transformations. Most significant are the design resources and strategies introduced in the original design by Sebastián Monléon and, subsequently by Javier de Winthuysen as this research —including a thorough redrawing of the garden layout— gives evidence of. The Monforte Gardens represent an eclectic urban gardening design example in which the different parts maintain their independence without losing an overall unitary concept. Although traditionally considered neoclassical gardens, this research argues they should be properly considered as eclectic romantic gardens.

The Application of Rehabilitation Garden Design in Elderly Care Communities in China Against of the Background of Aging

The research purpose of this article is to explore the role of rehabilitation landscape design in elderly residential areas under the background of aging in China and the home care model. The main method of this study is to investigate and integrate information through literature research methods on papers and official reports of relevant research objects, so as to obtain relevant information between home-based elderly care services and rehabilitation garden design. Analyze the data information obtained. The research results show that in the context of aging population, the design of rehabilitation gardens plays an important role in the physical and mental health of elderly people in home-based elderly care communities. Elderly people with different health conditions have different needs for space. The Functional requirement of the elderly to the community environment are diverse, and the design needs to meet the elderly's recreational activities, humanized public places, mental and psychological needs and some basic medical conditions. The significance of this research achievement is that it provides necessary reference and suggestions for the design of home-based care for the aged community rehabilitation garden. The application of rehabilitation garden design in home-based care for the aged community can promote the physical and mental health of the elderly in the context of aging, provide a comfortable and healthy environment for the elderly, and also alleviate the problem of medical resource allocation and shortage in China to a certain extent.

The architecture of green space by medicinal plants in the university and its impact on people’s ealth, education and environmental in the Post-Pandemic Time

Medicinal plants have played an essential role in human healthcare as essential ingredients in traditional medicines and the combination of novel drugs. The architecture of the green space in the university is mainly aimed at the cultivation of plant species that have an eye-catching application. But the green space including medicinal plants in the university space has both effects on the physical and mental health of people and has a good view. It can also be used for teaching students. Therefore, the architectural style of successful herbal botanical gardens needs to reflect a broad understanding of botany and encourage creative thinking in garden design and interpretation. Medicinal Plants gardens are more than just a “pleasant place to visit” because of their unique combination of resources, and it offers a unique opportunity to use plants for human well-being. As a result, the architectural design of the garden may have an impact on its performance. The purpose of this article is to describe the effect of medicinal plants on people’s health and education, as well as their architectural design in universities.

The Aesthetics of Water Management of The Humble Administrator's Garden

Abstract With the development of literati gardens during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), the layout and design level of gardens reached an unprecedented height. As the representative of Suzhou gardens, The Humble Administrator's Garden (Zhuozhengyuan, 拙政园, 1530) has unique natural conditions and mature garden design, and its water management art is particularly exquisite. The best-preserved graphic information of The Humble Administrator's Garden are the poems and paintings by Wen Zhengming (文徵明, 1470–1559), including Thirty-One Scenes of The Humble Administrator's Garden (拙政园三十一景图, 1533), thirty landscape poems, and the biography Wang's Humble Administrator's Garden (王氏拙政园记, 1533). As the research object, this article aims to restore the image of The Humble Administrator's Garden by analyzing the water scene of the garden, summarizing its water technique and art, and extracting “Source of inflowing water” (为有源头活水来), “Esteem the mountain, revere the water, imitate the heaven and earth” (敬山畏水, 象天法地), “Fusion of the imitation of nature and the subjective ideas of the artist” (外师造化, 中得心源), and “Free and unfettered, enjoy the joy of leisure” (逍遥自得, 享闲居之乐) as the water aesthetic thoughts of the garden. In addition, this article provides some reference for the current landscape design.

A Qualitative Therapeutic Design Approach for Sensory Garden Design for People with Dementia

A Qualitative Therapeutic Design Approach for Sensory Garden Design for People with Dementia

Geograficheskie harakteristiki i istoriya transformacii chastnyh sadov yuzhnoj chasti Usina v period pravleniya dinastii Yuzhnaya Sun

During the Southern Song dynasty, Wuxing was part of the capital district due to its proximity to Lin’an, the imperial capital of the time. Mountains to the south of Wuxing and the nearby Taihu Lake played their part in the development of the art of garden design which is studied in this paper. Cross-analysis and deduction are used in order to define both the geographical features of the region and their importance for the art of garden design, to describe the geographical distribution of private gardens and to study the history of transformation of the ”Southern Garden”.

A POLITICAL ‘HUMBUG’: DELIAN ANTIQUITIES AT SISSINGHURST CASTLE

In 1936 the author, politician and garden designer Harold Nicolson bought four, round antique altars and a Corinthian capital from the sale of Shanganagh Castle, Co Wicklow. Nicolson and his wife, Vita Sackville-West, placed these marbles in a garden compartment at Sissinghurst that was intended to evoke the landscape and antiquities of the Cycladic island of Delos. These are among the most important antiquities in the collections of the National Trust, yet their provenance and significance has been obscured by their presumed status as ‘mere’ ornaments to the celebrated gardens at Sissinghurst Castle. This paper traces the provenance of this group of antiquities back to Delos and their discovery by a hero of the Greek War of Independence. Historic context for Vita and Harold’s use of the altars as adornments to their garden will be examined in the context of earlier use of similar Delian altars in earlier garden design – the seventeenth-century ‘garden museum’ at Arundel House, Strand, London, or the eighteenth-century gardens at Wrest Park. Finally, entry of the Sissinghurst altars into British collections will be examined through a political lens and through Nicolson’s philhellenism.

Isparta’da Doğal Olarak Yetişen Tıbbi ve Aromatik Bitkilerle Oluşturulan Bir Şifa Bahçesi Örneği

With the development of thematic parks, the garden culture, in which people turn to nature and where they can get rid of their daily stress and provide mental and physical relaxation, has shown itself as healing gardens. These gardens, which were used for the rehabilitation of patients in church or hospital gardens, have now become areas where people's mental fatigue is relieved in urban areas, and they have become more functional with the use of medicinal and aromatic plants. From this point of view, within the scope of the study, a healing garden was designed with the use of medicinal and aromatic plants that grow naturally in Isparta province. The area, with a total area of 2.21 ha, located on 275th street within the borders of Çünur neighborhood was determined for the design of the healing garden. Thirty-five medicinal and aromatic plants that grow naturally in Isparta are included in this land. As a result of the study, a design that takes its theme from natural elements was realized, and the use of areas suitable for healing gardens has been suggested.

Classification of Marble Types Using Machine Learning Techniques

Natural stones are one of the indispensable elements of people from shelter to weapons. Among these stone types, marbles and marble-derived products are among the objects that people always prefer, from bathroom to kitchen, from garden design to small decorative home decorations. While the marbles are named according to the regions where they are extracted, their types and qualities are classified based on observation by people who are qualified as experts in this field. This classification, which is made by experts based on observation, carries risks in economic terms, increases the workload and is a difficult process with a high error rate. These processes need a fast, easy and highly accurate digital transformation. In this study, feature extraction was done by using deep learning in the species classification of marbles. The extracted features were classified using machine learning techniques. As a result of the application made with the data set consisting of 3703 marble and marble-derived natural stone images belonging to 28 different species, a classification success of 99.7% was obtained with the DenseNet deep learning model and the K-Nearest Neighbor method.

Principles and Practice of Landscape Design: An Application of Traditional Chinese Landscape Painting

As a unique artistic form, traditional Chinese landscape painting has aesthetic value and a close relationship with garden design. This study mainly explores the principles and practices of landscape design based on traditional Chinese landscape painting. Firstly, it introduces the brief history of the development of traditional Chinese landscape painting and its relationship with garden design. Then, it analyzes the characteristics of traditional landscape painting and garden design principles. Then, the application of traditional Chinese landscape painting in landscape design was analyzed, including landscape layout, plant selection, and matching, as well as the design of buildings and structures. In conclusion, applying traditional Chinese principles in modern landscapes presents inherent challenges that demand thoughtful consideration. As contemporary spaces evolve and adapt to changing needs, integrating traditional elements may face obstacles such as conflicting design philosophies, space constraints, and technological advancements. Addressing these challenges requires a nuanced approach that preserves the essence of traditional principles while accommodating the demands of modern living. This section explores strategies and innovative solutions to overcome these challenges and successfully apply traditional principles in the design of modern landscapes.

(Un)Likely Connections between (Un)Likely Actors in the Art/NBS Co-Creation Process: Application of KREBS Cycle of Creativity to the Cyborg Garden Project

NBS provides the technical basis for adaptation to climate change, and co-creation is the vehicle for the co-production of knowledge and innovation, both forming a strong binomial for the UE Green Infrastructures Strategy. Nonetheless, one of the main challenges for the implementation of effective co-creation strategies is the incorporation of knowledge from diverse social systems. Knowledge production has been approached through different methodological models, such as the quintuple helix innovation by Carayannis, or the diffuse/expert knowledge model by Manzini. These theoretical models are based on linear knowledge transfers, without sufficiently depicting alternative knowledge flows among (un)conventional actors. In view of these limitations, the research proposes a third strategy: the KREBS cycle of creativity defined by Oxman is a conceptual map capable of describing knowledge transfers across the four modalities of human creativity (i.e., science, engineering, design, and art). Providing sufficient “creative energy” in a co-creation process would guarantee the successful production of knowledge. Thus, the research seeks to illuminate different co-creation strategies to promote “creative energy” in the design of the Cyborg Garden (CG) in Madrid, giving a novel application to Oxman’s methodological framework based on the Carayannis’s and Manzini’s models.

Evolutionary history and intraspecific competition mediate ballistic seed dispersal

Abstract Dispersal plays an important role in the survival and spread of plant populations. However, when grown under stress, a plants' architecture and fecundity may be modified, which can compromise seed dispersal. While populations within a species exhibit trait variation in response to their environment, a mechanistic understanding of how trade‐offs between dispersal ability and competitive ability vary across species' ranges is currently lacking. Using a common garden design, populations of a widespread weedy species (Cardamine hirsuta) were grown to (1) characterize how traits that influence dispersal differ between populations and (2) identify whether a trade‐off between dispersal ability and competitive ability varies among populations in response to intraspecific competition. We measured trait differences between populations and characterized dispersal kernels through exhaustively capturing seeds. In the absence of competition, populations exhibited differences in fecundity and height. Of these traits, fecundity varied more strongly between populations and had a stronger influence on dispersal capacity. The experimental data were then used to parameterize cellular automaton models to explore the consequences of these trait‐mediated dispersal responses for long‐term population dynamics. These simulations identified intraspecific competitive effects on fecundity as the primary driver of variation in spread and patch density among populations. Within‐species variation of dispersal traits occurs among populations across the range of C. hirsuta. In response to conspecific competition, populations also have unequal fecundity and long‐distance dispersal (LDD). Model simulations suggest predictions of species spread are highly modified by characterization of metapopulation life‐history traits such as high fecundity and maintenance of LDD. These mechanisms creating within‐species variation would be important to incorporate in population models of species range expansion and stability. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

‘Designing a wellbeing garden’ a systematic review of design recommendations

Evidence demonstrates the benefits of gardens for promoting wellbeing. Some gardens are now being designed specifically to promote wellbeing; however, there are currently no evidence-based guidelines or recommendations available for designers to support such endeavours. The present study undertakes a systematic review of garden design literature to: (1) identify the defining characteristics of a garden that promotes wellbeing in non-clinical populations; and (2) summarize existing evaluations of garden designs into recommendations that can promote wellbeing. Online databases were used to identify papers published before October 2022, from which 17 publications were reviewed. This review was conducted following PRISMA and framework for scoping reviews. Results: The defining characteristics of wellbeing gardens centred around six design aspects: accessibility, wayfinding, fostering serenity, multisensory planting, spatial organization, and cultural artefacts. From these, recommendations were developed for garden designers to create wellbeing gardens.

Sustainability in Action: The Smart Gardeners Business Plan

Abstract: This research paper presents a comprehensive business plan for a gardening business that offers a range of services, including garden design, lawn care, tree and shrub pruning, seasonal plantings, hardscape installation, landscape design, and installation. The research emphasizes the importance of adapting to modern business practices, such as implementing an artificial intelligence integrated mobile application for booking appointments and selling gardening materials online. These innovative approaches could increase accessibility and convenience for clients and help the business reach a wider audience. Overall, this research paper serves as a valuable resource for entrepreneurs and business owners interested in establishing or expanding their gardening business with a focus on sustainability and modern business practices. The findings suggest that the gardening business can provide a reliable and professional service that meets the needs of a diverse range of clients. Overall, this research paper serves as a valuable resource for entrepreneurs and business owners who are interested in establishing or expanding their gardening business.