Gansu Province Of China Research Articles

A study on the changing trend and influencing factors of hospitalization costs of schizophrenia in economically underdeveloped areas of China

The public health problems caused by schizophrenia are becoming increasingly prominent and can place a huge economic burden on society. This study takes Gansu Province as an example to analyze the level and changing trend of the economic burden of schizophrenia inpatients in economically underdeveloped areas of China. Using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, 39,054 schizophrenics from 197 medical and health institutions in Gansu Province were selected as the research objects, and their medical expenses and related medical records were obtained from the medical information system. The rank sum test and Spearman rank correlation were used for univariate analysis. Quantile regression and random forest were used to analyze the influencing factors. The results show that the average length of stay of schizophrenics in Gansu Province of China was 52.01 days, and the average hospitalization cost was USD1653.96 from 2014 to 2019. During the six years, the average hospitalization costs per time decreased from USD2136.85 to USD1401.33. The average out-of-pocket costs per time decreased from USD1238.78 to USD267.68. And the average daily hospitalization costs increased from USD38.18 to USD41.25. The main factors influencing hospitalization costs are length of stay, proportion of medications, and schizophrenic subtype. The hospitalization costs per time of schizophrenics in Gansu Province have decreased but remain at a high level compared to some other chronic non-communicable diseases. In the future, attention should be paid to improving the efficiency of medical institutions, enhancing community management, and promoting the transformation of the management model of schizophrenia.

Transcriptome analysis and gene expression analysis related to salinity-alkalinity and low temperature adaptation of Triplophysa yarkandensis.

T. yarkandensis is a common species of Triplophysa, and it is distributed in Shule river of Hexi Corridor, of Gansu province in China. In order to enrich gene database resources and explore the environment adaptation of T. yarkandensis, fifteen tissues were collected from three adult T. yarkandensis for transcriptome sequencing and de novo assembly. Nine major international gene annotation databases (NR, COG, egg_NOG, TrEMBL, Pfam, KOG, Swiss prot, KEGG and Gene Ontology) were utilized to annotate unigenes. A detailed study was conducted to explore the gene expression and the differentially expressed genes among five tissues (brain, heart, kidney, liver and spleen). In addition, the current study showed that candidate genes involved in salinity-alkalinity and low temperature adaptation were differentially expressed in tissues of T. yarkandensis. Precisely, mapk1, abcc1, gpx1, gpx4, cat and aqp1 genes participated in the regulation process of salinity-alkalinity adaptation, and elovl4, acaca, fasn, acaa2, acox1 and acox3 genes were involved in fatty acid metabolism and closely associated with low temperature adaptation. On the one hand, it was found that the expression of these genes varied among different tissues, and the important pathways involved in these genes were mapped. Furthermore, we analyzed mapk1 and acox1 genes in depth to obtain the predicted gene structure and important amino acid sites. The transcriptome information in this study will be conducive to provide further understanding for the molecular level research and exploration of the environmental adaptation of T. yarkandensis.

Происхождение этнонима цонгоол

The article deals with the origin of the tribal name Coŋgōl or Tsongool, in other orthography. It also known as Soŋgōl or Songool in Buryat pronunciation, where the Written Mongolian [č] developed into [s] through the step [ts] in position before a vowel other than [i]. We argue the connection of the word with the ethnic name Čuŋul ~ Čumul, attested in different spelling forms in Chinese, Old Turkic, Khotanese Saka and Persian texts, in connection with the history of Eastern Turkestan and Gan-su Province of China, at least from the of the 7th to the 11th centuries A. D., and also preserved now among the ethnonyms of the Sarïg-Yogur people as Čoŋïl ~ Čuŋïl. In the latter case, the fact of historical continuity cannot raise any doubts. According to the results of this research, it is possible to argue that the community arrived to territory of modern South Buryatia to become subjects of the Russian Tsar at the end of the 17th century had already pronounced the name Tsongool (< WMong. Čongγol) in the variant Tsoŋgol, taking into account the fact that the designation of a vowel in the second syllable as a long one is a later orthographic phenomenon in Buryat. In other words, they were attested the resulted phonetic development [č] > [ts] and consistent vowel labialization in both syllables of the word, regardless of the peculiarity of the Tsongol dialect of Buryat language, where the development of WMong. [u] > [o] is observed. In this manner it can be interpreted the form of the tribal name known among the Barguzin Evenks čåŋgå̄lʹi̯r as reflected the first mentioned process. This point can also be confirmed by the data on onomastics of the persons associated with the Tsongols, attested in the later 17th century, where it can be found the development [č] > [ts] > [s]. It is discussed the problem of correlating two phonetic forms in connection with the chronology of the appearance of Tsongols in the territory of modern Buryatia. Despite the absence of any earlier information about the existence of a group with this name in the region, they are known the legends according to which the territory of origin of the Tsongols is localized in the valley of the Kuda River (in modern Irkutsk region), where a small group with the name Songool (Tsongool) was recorded back in the 19th century. Explaining the chronology of phonetic changes in a historical context requires future research.

Characterization of Boeremia exigua causing stem necrotic lesions on Luobuma in northwest China

Luobuma (Apocynum venetum, Poacynum pictum, and P. hendersonni) are perennial herbs widely used in the textile and medical industries and ecological restoration. In the summer of 2020, reddish-brown or off-white sunken shape necrotic lesions were observed on the stems and shoots of seven Luobuma ecotypes grown in the field in Yuzhong County, Gansu province of China, which is a limiting factor that affects the growth, function and application of Luobuma. To make clear whether the new symptoms were caused by a novel pathogen, a combined research in field and greenhouse was conducted. Based on the morphological and molecular analysis results, the pathogen causing the necrotic lesions was identified as Boeremia exigua var. rhapontica. The incidence and disease index of the seven ecotypes in the field ranged from 11.49 to 33.68% and 6.63 to 23.01, respectively, from 2020 to 2021. The results showed that the disease severity gradually increased with the growing season. According to the pathogenicity analysis of the eight ecotypes in the greenhouse, the ecotypes Pp-BMK and Pp-BMH were susceptible, while ecotype Pp-BMQ was resistant to Boeremia exigua var. rhapontica infection. Thus, the present study provides a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the stem and leaf necrotic lesions disease on Luobuma by planting resistant varieties/ecotypes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of stem necrotic lesions and leaf spots on Luobuma caused by B. exigua var. rhapontica.

Explication on distribution patterns of volatile organic compounds in petro-chemistry and oil refineries of China using a species-transport model and health risk assessment

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from industrial emissions have attracted great attention due to their negative effects on human, but there is lack of deterministic air quality model for VOC emissions. In this study, airborne VOCs from a typical petrochemical and oil refinery region, Lanzhou, Gansu province of China, were on-site measured. The regional pollution patterns were investigated using a species transport model and the health risks were evaluated. The spatial distribution of VOCs showed that 87.5 % of the airborne VOCs were benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene having higher concentration (146 μg/m3) in the north direction oil refinery industrial areas. The concentrations of toluene and benzene were as high as 41.5 and 33.3 μg/m3 in the 4 km2 area away from the petrochemical emission source, respectively, and the concentration of o−/m + p-xylene was up to 79.7 μg/m3. Based on the measured concentration data, the numerical results showed that the accumulation of high concentration of VOC species by mass transfer in the region is related to the atmospheric diffusion driven by downward-moving air over the valley areas. Non-carcinogenic risk assessments showed that airborne benzene exposure had acceptable hazard quotient of 0.185 for adults, which was 1.8 times of children's (0.102), whereas it was found that a high carcinogenic risk (>10−4) from benzene in several sampling sites and diffuse distance become significant for carcinogenic risk. This study verified the effectiveness of VOC atmospheric diffusion model through a large number of on-site monitoring data, providing data support for model-based risk assessment.

Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Argas persicus (Oken, 1818) (Acari: Argasidae) from domestic birds in eastern Algeria.

Argas persicus (the fowl tick) is a species of soft tick commonly associated with poultry farms. It has a wide geographic distribution and colonizes different climate regions. Morphological identification of A. persicus has been reported worldwide, but genetic data regarding its molecular characterization is limited. The present study provides data for morphological identification and genetic characterization of A. persicus collected from domestic birds in traditional farms from east Algeria (Setif region). Additionally, A. persicussamples originating from Gansu province in China were included for comparative molecular study. In total, 1518 ticks collected from 30 infested farms were examined and morphologically identified as A. persicus. Furthermore, the 14 tick samples obtained from China were morphologically identified as A. persicus. Molecular analysis of 30 ticks from Algeria (one tick from each infested farm) and the 14 Chinese samples based on PCR, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis of three mitochondrial genetic markers (16S rRNA, 12S rRNA, and cox1) confirmed morphological results where all samples belonged to the A. persicus group. However, phylogenetic analysis showed that all Algerian samples and two Chinese samples belong to A. persicus sensu stricto (s.s.), while the remaining Chinese samples represented A. persicus sensu lato (s.l.) (divergent lineage). The present study confirms the occurrence of A. persicus s.s. both in Algeria and China, as well as provides novel molecular data for a distinct Chinese lineage of A. persicus.

Low-Carbon Transition Pathway Planning of Regional Power Systems with Electricity-Hydrogen Synergy

Hydrogen energy leads us in an important direction in the development of clean energy, and the comprehensive utilization of hydrogen energy is crucial for the low-carbon transformation of the power sector. In this paper, the demand for hydrogen energy in various fields is predicted based on the support vector regression algorithm, which can be converted into an equivalent electrical load when it is all produced from water electrolysis. Then, the investment costs of power generators and hydrogen energy equipment are forecast considering uncertainty. Furthermore, a planning model is established with the forecast data, initial installed capacity and targets for carbon emission reduction as inputs, and the installed capacity as well as share of various power supply and annual carbon emissions as outputs. Taking Gansu Province of China as an example, the changes of power supply structure and carbon emissions under different scenarios are analysed. It can be found that hydrogen production through water electrolysis powered by renewable energy can reduce carbon emissions but will increase the demand for renewable energy generators. Appropriate planning of hydrogen storage can reduce the overall investment cost and promote a low carbon transition of the power system.

Study on the Coupling Mechanism of Regional Economy and Regional Population Mobility in Less Developed Regions Based on AHP-CRITIC Coupling Perspective

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the coupling mechanism between regional economy and regional population mobility in less developed regions. This paper selects Gansu Province as the research object of this paper for less developed regions and measures the level of synergy between regional economy and regional population mobility in Gansu Province of China by establishing a composite system synergy model of regional economy and regional population mobility, establishing indicator weights based on AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)-CRITIC (Criteria Importance Though Intercrieria Correlation) coupling weights. The composite system synergy of regional economy and regional population mobility in Gansu Province shows an alternating trend of increase and decrease from 2013 to 2021, which is generally at a low level of synergy. This paper introduces the synergy model for the study of regional economy and regional population mobility mechanism, and in the measurement of system orderliness, high-quality indicators that can fully reflect the level of regional economy and regional population mobility are selected, and the AHP-CRITIC coupled weighting method is used for the calculation of indicator weights, so as to improve the rationality of the weights, and this research method provides less developed regions research on regional economy and regional population mobility provides a reference. Therefore, Gansu Province and other less developed regions can promote the synergistic development of regional population mobility and regional economy by establishing sound supporting measures for intra-regional population mobility, optimizing the population structure, enhancing the gathering capacity of the working population, and encouraging people to return to their hometowns to start their own businesses.

Carbon emission reduction pathways under carbon neutrality targets in Gansu province of China

Gansu province will fulfill the carbon reduction target under the national carbon neutrality strategy. As a developing province in China, Gansu will have to trade off carbon reduction targets and economic development. This study adopts a computable general equilibrium model to simulate the carbon reduction pathway and estimate the possible impacts on the economy, output and environment under a carbon-neutral target. Our results show carbon emission will peak around 2033 in the baseline scenario and decline slowly after the peak. While carbon emissions will peak around 2023 in the carbon neutral scenario and decline very fast from 154 million tons in 2023 to 40 million ton in 2060. The economy will continue to increase from 734 billion CNY in 2017–3375 billion CNY in 2050 under a carbon reduction target, which means the carbon neutral target will have very limited economic impacts by 2060. At the sector level, economic outputs vary among different sectors. The output will increase significantly, such as power generation 14%, water supply 8% and nonmental 4%. Some other sectors will decrease quickly, paper 15% and textile industry 7%. Carbon reduction will also contribute to air pollutants reduction, which is a benefit to air quality. Carbon neutral targets will bring more opportunities in Gansu due to green energy potential without economic burden. Proper carbon mitigation policy would avoid the adverse impact but bring more potential to the economy in Gansu.

Study on identification of red jujube origin by multi-element analysis

In order to explore the feasibility of mineral element analysis on the origin of red jujube, and to screen the effective indicators to distinguish the origin of red jujube, 34 samples of red jujube were collected from Xinjiang, Hebei, Shanxi and Gansu provinces of China. The contents of Na, Mg, K, Ca, P, B, Al, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Ba, Tl, Ge, Zr, Li, Rb, Cs, La, Ce and Nd in the samples of red jujube were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer and analyzed by variance analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), clustering analysis (CA) and discriminant analysis (DA). The results demonstrated that the content of mineral elements in red jujube from different regions has its own characteristics. The average contents of Na and Ge in red jujube were the highest from Xinjiang province, while the average contents of Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Ba and Cs were the lowest. The average contents of Ca, Ba and Ti in red jujube in Hebei province were the highest, the average contents of K, Mn and Rb in red jujube in Shanxi province were the highest, and the average contents of Mg, P, Al, B, Ti, Fe and Cu in Gansu province were the highest. The content of Na in Xinjiang province was three times more than that of Gansu province, and the content of Rb in Hebei province was four times more than that of Xinjiang province. PCA explained 82.1% of total variation, indicating that it played a vital role in the classification of mineral elements of red jujube. Red jujube was divided into five groups at a cluster distance of 9.0, indicating that clustering analysis has achieved ideal results in the origin traceability of red jujube. By discriminant analysis, the correct discriminant rate of 100% was established for samples from Xinjiang, Hebei, Shanxi and Gansu provinces. Facts have proved that it is feasible to judge the traceability of the origin of red jujube by using multi-element analysis.

Research on Nickel-Cobalt-Copper Productive Collaboration and Intelligent Decision-Making Technology in Symbiotic Coupling Enterprises

This study investigates the research on nickel-cobalt-copper productive collaboration and intelligent decision-making technology for symbiotic coupling enterprises in the Gansu Province of China. The aim is to address the problems of low resource utilization efficiency, weak production collaboration, and an insufficient intelligent decision-making level in the nonferrous metallurgy industry. First, the present situation of nickel-cobalt-copper industry chain-level collaboration in the agglomeration area is analyzed extensively, and the corresponding problems are proposed. Second, the functional framework of productive collaboration and intelligent decision-making is presented from the industrial chain and industrial agent levels. In addition, the design methods of various balance strategies in the production collaboration within the industrial agent are provided. These can realise the daily balance of material, metal, and energy data in an individual industrial agent. Finally, with regard to intelligent decision-making at the industrial chain level, six key measures surrounding different themes are provided to support the implementation of productive collaboration and intelligent decision-making in the nonferrous metallurgy agglomeration area.

Dynamic volatility spillover effects between wind and solar power generations: Implications for hedging strategies and a sustainable power sector

Large-scale wind and solar development is impeded severely by their inherent volatilities. This study applies a novel approach to reduce the renewable investment risks from the production perspective, although there are many related studies from the financial market perspective. Using daily data from the Gansu province of China between 2013 and 2018 based on a VAR-GARCH model, we first find that wind and solar power generation are volatile, negatively correlated, and exhibit strong time varying spillover effects . We then apply three different approaches to calculate the hedge ratios and optimal capacity portfolios of wind and solar in Gansu. The result from the best MVP approach shows that the optimal capacity weights are 28.3% for wind and 71.7% for solar. This study sheds light on designing a joint development strategy to reduce security risks and integration costs during transition toward a low carbon power sector. • A novel approach is applied to reduce the risks of high penetration of wind and solar power. • Time-varying volatility spillovers between wind and solar production are examined. • A significantly negative dynamic correlation between wind and solar is empirically demonstrated. • The complementarity relationship between wind and solar is employed to construct their optimal capacity weights.

Exploring Tourism Efficiency and Its Drivers to Understand the Backwardness of the Tourism Industry in Gansu, China.

Gansu Province is rich in tourism resources, and it is the hometown of the “copper galloping horse”, which is the logo of China’s tourism. However, the scale and revenues of tourism in Gansu province are still at a low level. This paper first evaluated the tourism efficiency of 14 cities and prefectures of Gansu Province in China from 2011 to 2019 using the super-slack-based measure (Super-SBM) and then investigated the internal driving mechanism of the efficiency change through the Global Malmquist-Luenberger (GML) index and its decomposition, and finally analyzed the external influencing elements of tourist efficiency by the Tobit model. The results revealed that the tourism efficiency of Gansu Province had increased rapidly during the study period, especially after 2016, the rising range increased. From 2011 to 2019, the cumulative changes in GML index, technological change (TC), and efficiency change (EC) of tourism efficiency in Gansu Province were 5.053, 4.145 and 1.160, respectively, indicating that the improvement of tourism efficiency in Gansu province is mainly due to technological progress. The regression results of the Tobit model show that the status of the tourism industry, trade openness, information level, and technological innovation level can significantly promote tourism efficiency in the province. At the same time, upgrading the industrial structure and the improvement of greening coverage inhibit tourism efficiency. However, the impact of the economic development level on the tourism efficiency of Gansu Province is not apparent. According to the research results, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions to promote the development of tourism in Gansu Province. This study is crucial for hospitality, tourism, and policy sectors to understand the underlying factors and promote the healthy development of the tourism industry in Gansu Province.

Risk of Poverty Returning to the Tibetan Area of Gansu Province in China

Based on the comprehensive analysis framework of the risk of returning to poverty, this study constructed an evaluation index system for the risk of returning to poverty to tourism villages in Tibetan areas of Gansu Province. Principal component analysis and K-means clustering algorithm were adopted to analyze the risk of returning to poverty for characteristic tourism villages in Tiantang Village, Gaxiu Village, and Cirina Village. The results show that tourism villages in Tibetan areas of Gansu are at a moderate risk of returning to poverty, but a few poverty-stricken households still face a high risk of returning to poverty; in addition, financial capital and human capital are the main components of the risk of poverty alleviation. Income level is the most important factor influencing the risk of returning to poverty. Fixed assets, skill training, distance of scenic spots, income source and housing structure also have an important impact on the risk of returning to poverty. Finally, an early warning mechanism consisting of risk assessment, determination of warning signs, identification of warning degree, warning source search, and risk prevention is necessary. To prevent the risk of tourism villages in Gansu Tibetan areas returning to poverty, it is necessary to protect livelihoods, resist the impact of risk, and improve the developmental environment.

Association of Homocysteine and Risks of Long-Term Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Death among Older Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Prospective Study.

This study aimed to assess whether raised baseline plasma tHcy concentrations increased the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause death outcomes in older patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). A multicenter, prospective, observational study. Beijing, Shandong Province, Gansu Province of China. A total of 1, 290 OSA patients aged 60 to 96 years from sleep centers of six hospitals in China consecutively recruited between January 2015 and October 2017. Cox proportional models assessed the association between tHcy and the risk of new-onset all events among Chinese older OSA patients. The final analysis (60.1% male; median age, 66 years) used data from 1, 100 subjects during a median follow-up of 42 months, a total of 105 (9.5%) patients developed MACE and 42 (3.8%) patients died. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed higher adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of MACE, myocardial infarction (MI), hospitalization for unstable angina, and composite of all events with tHcy levels in the 4th quartile (HR=5.93, 95% CI: 2.79-12.59; HR=4.72, 95% CI:1.36-4.61; HR=4.26, 95% CI:1.62-5.71; HR=4.17, 95% CI:2.23-7.81) and the 3rd quartile (HR=3.79, 95% CI:1.76-8.20; HR=3.65, 95% CI:1.04-2.98; HR=2.75, 95% CI:1.08-3.76; HR=2.51, 95% CI:1.31-4.83) compared to reference tHcy levels in quartile 1, respectively, while the aHRs (95% CIs) of all-cause death showed significantly higher only in the highest tHcy level quartile than in the lowest quartile (HR=3.20, 95% CI=1.16-8.84, P=0.025) with no significant differences in risks of cardiovascular death and hospitalisation for heart failure among groups (P>0.05). tHcy, a marker of prognosis for older OSA patients, was significantly associated with the increased risk of MACE and all-cause death in this population independent of BMI, smoking status, and other potential risk factors, but not all clinical components events of MACE. New therapeutic approaches for older patients with OSA should mitigate tHcy-associated risks of MACE, and even all-cause death.

Genome-wide analysis reveals selection signatures for body size and drought adaptation in Liangzhou donkey

Liangzhou donkey is a domestic animal breed distributed on the edge of the Tengger Desert in Gansu Province of China. It has small body size and strong adaptability to dry environments. Here, we sequenced 10 Liangzhou donkey genomes and compared them to the 55 genomes of 8 representative donkey breeds worldwide. The population structure analysis revealed that Liangzhou donkey harboured the ancestry with the Asian domestic donkeys (0.863) and European domestic donkeys (0.137). Three methods (nucleotide diversity, linkage disequilibrium decay and runs of homozygosity) implied the genetic diversity in Liangzhou donkey. In addition, we analyzed the genetic basis of the small body size and drought adaptation of Liangzhou donkey by using Fst, θπ-ratio, XP-EHH, CLR and θπ methods. We found that the NCAPG-LCORL on chromosome 3 may be a candidate region for small body size trait of Liangzhou donkey. The CYP4A11 gene located on chromosome 5 showed strong sign of selection sweep. CYP4A11 can convert arachidonic acid into 19(S)-HETE, which can promote water reabsorption in renal tubule and enhance the ability of Liangzhou donkey to adapt to dry environment. These results contribute to a better understanding of the underlying population structure of Liangzhou donkeys and provides a valuable resource for future research on donkey breeding in response to climate change.

Parametric Analysis of Rainfall-Induced Loess Soil Slope Due to the Rainwater Infiltration

Hydraulic properties (such as soil–water characteristic curves (SWCC) and hydraulic conductivity function (HCF)) play an important role in evaluating the stability of unsaturated soil slopes. Loess soils are widely distributed in Gansu Province in China, and most of them are in unsaturated conditions due to the deep groundwater table (G.W.T). In this study, twenty-eight sets of data published in the literature were analyzed to develop the upper and lower bounds of the SWCC for loess soil in Gansu. The variation of HCF for the loess soil was estimated from the upper and lower bounds curve developed in this study. Subsequently, numerical analyses incorporating scenarios considering different SWCCs, HCFs, and rainfall conditions were conducted for investigating the effects of those factors on the rainfall-induced slope stability. The results of analyses indicate that the infiltration plays an important role in the rainfall-induced slope stability. Higher permeable soil leads to a larger infiltration amount, which, in turn, results in a lower safety factor. In addition, the effect of the hydraulic property on the rainfall-induced slope stability decreases with the increase in slope angle.

Genetic analysis of adult plant, quantitative resistance to stripe rust in wheat landrace Wudubaijian in multi-environment trials

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive diseases on wheat worldwide. Wudubaijian, a wheat landrace released from Gansu Province in China since 1950, exhibits adult-plant resistance to stripe rust for several decades. To elucidate the genetic basis of stripe rust resistance, Wudubaijian was crossed with the high susceptible cultivar Mingxian 169, and stripe rust tests of both parents and the F2:3 lines were conducted in four environments of Yangling and Tianshui in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The relative area under disease progress curve (rAUDPC) of Mingxian 169/Wudubaijian F2:3 lines showed that the resistance of Wudubaijian was controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL). Combined with phenotypic data and molecular markers, two stable QTLs were identified in Wudubaijian. QYrwdbj.nwafu-5A with the phenotypic variance of 15.02–40.26% was located between 5AS1–0.40–0.75 and 5AS3–0.75–0.98 of chromosome 5AS, and QYrwdbj.nwafu-2B.1 with the phenotypic variance of 9.54–10.40% was located in the bin C-2BS1–0.53 of chromosome 2BS. Through the location of flanking markers and epistasis analysis, QYrwdbj.nwafu-5A may be a new major QTL that can be used in conjunction with other stripe rust resistance genes (QTLs).

A New Approach to Grass-Roots Governance: A Case Study of Mass Basketball Games in Tibetan-Communities in Yunnan, Sichuan, Qinghai and Gansu Provinces of China

Based on the investigation of the organization, infrastructure and participation of mass basketball games (games played by amateurs) in Tibetan counties in four provinces in Southwest China, this paper summarizes the influence of basketball games in the local society and claims that the development of mass basketball games is conducive to enhancing communication and integration and promoting ethnic unity. It is beneficial for improving social governance and promoting social harmony. It is beneficial to enhancing physical fitness and promoting the well-being of people’s livelihood. Taking the local conditions into account, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to develop mass basketball: to give full play to the role of government and market, to establish diversified investment mechanisms, to accelerate the full coverage of basketball stadiums and increase the use of facilities, to create an active atmosphere for participation and promote the popularization of basketball among the masses, to strengthen the training of professionals, to make up the shortcomings of mass sports, and to take mass basketball as one of the important ways of local social governance.

Landslide Hazard Assessment Methods along Fault Zones Based on Multiple Working Conditions: A Case Study of the Lixian–Luojiabu Fault Zone in Gansu Province (China)

Traditional landslide hazard assessment methods generally use the same evaluation model to carry out assessments under different working conditions. Due to the differences in landslide influence factors and model calculation methods considered under different working conditions, the evaluation results obtained using traditional methods are different from those of real-world scenarios. Therefore, research on optimal landslide hazard assessment methods for different working conditions is important for disaster prevention and mitigation in areas along fault zones. Taking the section along the Lixian–Luojiabu fault zone in Gansu province in China as the research area, a landslide hazard assessment was carried out under rainfall and earthquake conditions. A method based on the fractal theory–information coupling model is proposed for the rainfall condition, and a method based on an improved Newmark model considering matric suction is proposed for the earthquake condition. Under the rainfall condition, a landslide hazard assessment was carried out using the information model, the logistic regression model, the fractal theory model, the logistic regression–information coupling model and the fractal theory–information coupling model. Meanwhile, under the earthquake condition, an assessment was carried out using the traditional Newmark model and the improved Newmark model considering matric suction. Finally, the ROC curve and Kappa coefficient were used to test the accuracy of these evaluation models and to determine the optimal model under different working conditions. The results showed that the fractal theory–information coupling model had the largest AUC value and Kappa coefficient value under the rainfall condition (0.856 and 0.807, respectively). The test value of the logistic regression–information coupling model was second, and the values of the other three models were all lower than 0.8. This shows that the evaluation of the fractal theory–information coupling model is better than those of the other models under the rainfall condition. The AUC value and Kappa coefficient of the improved Newmark model under the earthquake condition were 0.805 and 0.794, respectively, which were larger than the test values of the traditional Newmark model. This shows that the evaluation of the proposed model is better than that of the traditional Newmark model under the earthquake condition. These research results provide a reference for landslide hazard assessments in areas with similar characteristics.