Game Mode Research Articles

Benefit Analysis of Gamified Augmented Reality Navigation System

Augmented reality (AR) technology has received much attention in recent years. Users can view AR content through mobile devices, meaning that AR tee no significant differences between the exhibition-viewing behaviors associated with the game mode and the frchnology can be easily incorporated into applications in various fields. The auxiliary role of AR in exhibitions and its influence and benefits with regard to the behavior of exhibition visitors are worth investigating. To understand whether gamified AR and general AR navigation systems impact visitor behavior, we designed an AR app for an art exhibition. Using GPS and AR technology, the app presents a virtual guide that provides friendly guide services and helps visitors navigate outdoor paths and alleys in the exhibition venue, showing them the best route. The AR navigation system has three primary functions: (1) it allows visitors to scan the exhibit labels to access detailed text and audio introductions, (2) it offers a game mode and a free mode for navigation, and (3) it collects data on the exhibition-viewing behavior associated with each mode and uploads them to the cloud for analysis. The results of the experiment revealed no significant differences between the exhibition-viewing time or distance travelled in the two modes. However, the paths resulting from the game mode were more regular, which means that the participants were more likely to view the exhibition as instructed with the aid of gamified AR. This insight is useful for the control of crowd flow.

Effects of Game Mode in Multiplayer Video Games on Intergenerational Social Interaction: Randomized Field Study.

BackgroundMaintaining social relationships is a basic human need and particularly essential in old age, including when living in a retirement home. Multiplayer video games can promote positive social interactions among players from different generations while playing. Yet, such facilitation of positive social interactions depends on specific game design. To systematically investigate the effects of game design on social interaction between seniors and their coplayers, the game Myosotis FoodPlanet was developed in this study, and the impacts of 3 different game modes on social interaction were compared in a controlled field trial.ObjectiveThis study aims to compare the effects of 3 different game modes (competitive, cooperative, and creative) on social interactions (verbal and nonverbal communication) between seniors and their younger coplayers.MethodsThis study was conducted in a Swiss retirement home as a controlled field trial. Participants were residents of the retirement home (N=10; mean age 84.8 years, SD 5.9 years) and played in pairs with their caregivers. Each pair played 3 game modes in random order. This resulted in 30 game sequences of 20 minutes each. A within-subject design was applied with game mode as the within-factor and social interaction as the outcome variable. To assess the quality of social interaction, 30 video-recorded game sequences were analyzed based on an event sampling method.ResultsAnalysis of variance for repeated measurements revealed significant effects: there was significantly more verbal communication in the creative mode than in the cooperative mode (P=.04) with a strong effect size (Cohen f=0.611). An examination of verbal communication revealed more game-related communication in the creative mode than in the cooperative mode (P=.01) and the competitive mode (P=.09) with marginally significant effects and strong effect sizes (Cohen f=0.841). In addition, significantly more biography-related communication occurred in the creative mode than in the cooperative mode (P=.03), with a strong effect size (r=0.707). Regarding nonverbal communication (eg, laughing together), analysis of variance for repeated measurements showed significant differences among the game modes (P=.02) with a strong effect size (Cohen f=0.758). Results showed that there was significantly more laughing together in the competitive mode (competitive>cooperative>creative).ConclusionsThe results show that game mode can be an important factor for shaping the social interactions of players playing together. Compared with other modes, creative game modes can increase verbal communication. In contrast, competitive modes may stimulate more laughing together. This has important implications for game design and the use of computer games to promote social interaction between seniors and their coplayers in practice.

Ordinal status games on networks

We consider a modification of ordinal status games of Haagsma and von Mouche (2010). A number of agents make scalar choices, e.g., their levels of conspicuous consumption. The wellbeing of each agent depends on her own choice and on her social status determined by comparisons with the choices of others. In contrast to the original model, as well as its modifications considered so far, we allow for some players not caring about comparisons with some others. Assuming that the status of each player may only be “high” or “low,” the existence of a strong Nash equilibrium is shown; for a particular subclass of such games, the convergence of Cournot tatonnement is established. If more than two possible status levels are allowed into consideration, then even Nash equilibrium may fail to exist in very simple examples.

Evaluating a gamification proposal for learning usability heuristics: Heureka

This paper presents the results of an educational experiment conducted to determine whether an automated, card-based gamification strategy has an impact on the learning of Jakob Nielsen's 10 heuristic usability rules. The participants in the experiment were 55 students enrolled on a human-computer interaction course. According to the results of the experiment and the hypothesis tests performed to compare both traditional and gamified approaches, there were no significant differences (t (53) = 0.66, p = 0.52), although the scores attained by the students who used the gamification strategy were slightly better when evaluated one week later (M = 6.29 and M = 6.57 out of 10, respectively). Moreover, the students’ perceptions reflect that the proposed tool is easy to use (MD = 4.00 out of 5) and useful as regards learning (MD = 4.00 out of 5). Further research is needed to determine whether incorporating other gamification elements, such as rankings, difficulty levels, and game modes, would have a positive impact on student motivation, engagement and performance.

E-module design of sport modification and cybergogy-based small games

The low learning outcomes of students in the subject of modification of sports and small games are considered as the problem in this research that is mostly caused by the lack of learning media facilities for students in the online classes that leads them to difficulty in understanding the provided learning materials. This study aims to develop an e-module on the subject of modification of sports and small games. The ADDIE development model is being used in this Research and Development (R&D). There are several activities needed as the research method, such as exploring the potential and actual problems, collecting all information by developing, validating, revising, conducting trials and errors of the game models for the effectiveness and efficiency of the model used. The results of the study showed from the experts of materials that at the development stage and the level of validity by the score of 3.60 which was in the highly valid by the percentage of 90.5%. From the media experts validation by the score of 3.65 which was high valid category by the percentage of 92, 55%.

Research on Key Technologies of Garbage Classification Virtual Simulation Game Development Based on unity3d Technology

In recent years, the problems caused by garbage have become more and more serious, and many countries have begun to advocate the concept of environmental protection. China has also begun to implement the policy of waste classification, but the effect is not ideal. This is because the publicity of waste classification knowledge has not reached good expectations, and the traditional propaganda means such as static graphics and text can not give people a deep impression. Therefore, in order to better achieve the knowledge publicity of garbage classification, under the conditions of the continuous maturity of Internet technology and 5g technology, relying on virtual reality technology, combined with novel game mode and immersive game experience, through games, players' interest in learning garbage classification knowledge is increased, so as to improve the knowledge publicity efficiency of garbage classification.This paper discusses and studies a series of key technologies used in virtual simulation games, which use unity 3D as the development editor of the game engine, 3D Max as the model creation tool, shadow creator SDK as the VR technical support, and action one headset to display the game content.

Research on Cooperative Innovation Strategy of Multi-Agent Enterprises Considering Knowledge Innovation and Environmental Social Responsibility

Based on the context of enterprise green innovation ecosystem, this paper discusses the decision-making of knowledge innovation and environmental social responsibility in the multi-agent enterprise R&D innovation system that is composed of core enterprises and satellite enterprises, and it provides a new perspective for comprehensively improving enterprise innovation ability. By using differential game method and considering the joint influence of knowledge innovation and environmental social responsibility, this paper analyzes the cooperative innovation of multi-agent enterprises under a dynamic framework and discusses the decision-making process and optimal returns of core enterprises and satellite enterprises under centralized decision, decentralized decision and Stackelberg master-slave game modes. The conclusions are as follows: (1) When multi-entity enterprise R&D and innovation system moderately fulfill their environmental social responsibilities, their income increases significantly, and the green innovation capability of green innovation ecosystem is enhanced effectively; (2) When the profit ratio of core enterprises is controlled above 1/3, and the subsidy rate of government on satellite enterprises is controlled below 2/3, the green innovation ecosystem is in a balanced state, and the innovation initiative of multi-agent enterprises reaches a high level; (3) Under centralized decision making, the revenue proportion of core enterprises decreases, but the overall revenue of R&D innovation system reaches the Pareto optimum. Finally, the differential game decision-making process is analyzed with an example to verify the validity of the model conclusion, which provides a scientific basis for the knowledge innovation decision of multi-agent enterprise R&D innovation system in the green innovation ecosystem and accelerates the process of carbon neutrality.

DEFENDER-ATTACKER MODELS FOR RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN INFORMATION SECURITY

Today, information security in defender-attacker game models is getting more attention from the research community. A game-theoretic approach applied in resource allocation study requires security in information for successive defensive strategy against attackers. For the defensive side players, allocating resources effectively and appropriately is essential to maintain the winning position against the attacking side. It can be possible by making the best response to the attack, i.e., by defining the most effective secure defensive strategy. This present work develops one defender – two attackers game model to determine the defensive strategy based on the Nash equilibrium and Stackelberg leadership equilibrium solutions of one defender-one attacker game model. Both game models are designed and studied in two scenarios: simultaneous and sequential modes. Game modes are defined according to the information that is available for attackers. In the first one, the defender is not aware of the attack and makes a simultaneous decision of how many resources should be allocated. Meanwhile, in the second mode, the defender knows about the entrance of attackers into a market and is assumed to commit a better strategy. The budget constraints are studied for both modes, all calculations and proof are presented in the work. According to obtained game mathematical models, it can be highlighted that network value of customers is important through the introduction of new variables in modeling and performing game theory equilibriums. This paper underlines the importance of information availability, budget limitations, and network value of customers in resource allocation through mathematical models and proofs; and focuses on modeling and studying defender-attacker games to define defensive strategy.

Examination of the Hexad User Types and their Relationships with Gender, Game Mode, and Gamification Experience in the Context of Open and Distance Learning

Gamification, which is defined as the use of game design elements in non-game contexts, is put forward as a solution to low motivation and is suggested for the creation of a sustainable learning ecology in open and distance learning (ODL). The overall purpose of the present study was to examine the distribution of the Hexad gamification user types and the correlations of gamification experience, game mode, and gender with the user types’ scores within the context of an ODL system. The researchers adapted quantitative cross-sectional survey design to seek answers in this study. The Hexad user types of distance learners were determined based on the online “Gamification User Types Hexad Scale.” Findings revealed that the most common user types in the ODL environment were Philanthropists, Achievers, and Free Spirits, followed by Socializers and Players with a lower mean, while the least common user type was Disruptors. Women tended to score higher than men on the Disruptor user type. Achievers, Socializers, Philanthropists, and Players preferred multiplayer game modes, while the game mode had little influence on Free Spirits and Disruptors. Regarding the gamification experience, Players and Free Spirits seemed to have more experience of gamified applications. This study provides insights to learning designers in developing gamified ODL systems to engage the different Hexad user types.

Use of ICT Tools in Professional Training of Future Primary School Teachers in Studying the Ukrainian Language by Professional Orientation

The article considers ICT tools used in the educational process of training future primary school teachers at the Ferenc Rakoczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian Institute and Mukachevo State University in teaching the disciplines «Ukrainian language for professional purposes». The purpose of the article is to consider the benefits of using ICT in the educational process and give examples of their use for the training of future primary school teachers. Methods. In the process of experimental work the following research methods were used: theoretical: analysis, comparison, systematization, generalization; empirical: observations, surveys. The results. Means and forms of computer use in classes are defined as following: use of media resources as a source of information; computer support of the teacher's activity at different stages of the lesson; organization of students' project activities. The advantages of using ICT are highlighted, namely: individualization of education; intensification of students' self-study work; increasing the volume of tasks performed in the classroom, expanding information flows when using the Internet; increase of motivation and cognitive activity due to the variety of forms of work, the possibility of including the game moment. Emphasis is placed on using the LearningApps.org program, which is designed to support learning and teaching through small public interactive exercises. Using the Learning Apps interactive task designer, a number of tasks that are used in Ukrainian language classes for professional purposes have been developed. The authors noted that both teachers and students can create interactive modules based on ready-made templates. The application for creating educational projects Kahoot is considered. With its help you can create a test, survey, educational game or arrange a marathon of knowledge. The application works both in the desktop version and on smartphones. It is proposed to use different types of Kahoot. The classic version of Kahoot (Classic Kahoot) is a quiz-competition between individual students of the group. Team Kahoot is a team game (the group is divided into several teams, and each team gives their answers after discussing them). Blind Kahoot allows us to submit new material in an unusual way, this forces students not to be passive participants in the process. Connected Kahoot is a game mode where groups from different educational institutions participate. Ghost Kahoot allows students to once again take part in the same quiz and compete with themselves. The next Learner to Leaders Kahoot mode is an option for the most gifted and active students who want to demonstrate their knowledge and skills. Research activities on this topic were carried out through the analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature and the results of research on the training of future primary school teachers. Conclusions. The use of ICT in the educational process of future primary school teachers contributes to the development of motivation and interest of students to study the discipline «Ukrainian language for professional purposes».

Throwing modification sports game in improving mild mental disabled student gross motoric skills

This study aims to improve gross motor skills by modifying the sport of throwing. Children of intellectual disability (ID) were given treatment with a modification of the game of throwing with the population of this study is mild mentally disabled students in special needs children school 01 South Jakarta, with sample selection using total sampling, where the sample was 14 boys of students and 6 girls of students. The method that is used in this research is quantitative descriptive with experiment and One Group Pretest–Posttest Design. The research was occurred by giving the preliminary test and continued with the treatment as the final test. The form of the initial test (pre-test) was a shooting test which was conducted with five times of shooting in 2 meters of distance expecting there is an increase of throwing from the pretest to the posttest. The data analysis technique used is by using the T-test. The data average result before the game modification or pretest is 2.35 and the results of the posttest obtained an average value of 3.30.

R3SOLVE: A Serious Game to Support End-of-Life Rooftop Solar Panel Waste Management

A complex systems model is necessary to holistically address the end-of-life (EoL) solar panel waste problem. However, there is a significant challenge in communicating such a model to stakeholders. Serious games can overcome this challenge by simplifying a complex model via a user-friendly interface. It enables stakeholders to experiment with different decisions and understand their long-term impacts in a safe environment. In this paper, a serious game called R3SOLVE was designed from a previously developed system dynamics (SD) model. The goal of the game is to achieve certain collection and recovery outcomes through a mix of decisions ranging from product stewardship strategies, landfill regulation, technological investment, promotional effort, reuse strategy, and infrastructure improvement. The game has a single player mode, where a player can access all decisions, and a multiplayer (turn-based) mode, where two players with different roles work collaboratively to achieve the desired outcome. Rewards and penalties also exist in the game to promote players’ extrinsic motivation to use critical thinking. Both game modes have been tested in separate workshops to identify bugs and issues regarding goal clarity and in-game information. Future directions to conduct stakeholder workshops and the evaluation approach are also suggested at the end of this paper.

Players’ rights to game mods: Towards a more balanced copyright regime

In the context of video game, there is a notable convergence between the users and producers of content. There is also a tension between control over created content and innovative uses of that content, which arises from the gap existed between copyright law and the emerging practices of online communities. This paper examines a distinct form of player-contributed content, namely game Mods, through the perspective of social welfare rather than that of content creators. It argues that law is not the only factor affecting copyright owners’ decision-making behavior; social and economic factors also play an essential role. These factors explain why game developers may tolerate or even encourage minor alterations to their works but prohibit total conversion of the Mods. Given that the existing law and terms of service cannot serve as “effective cure” for regulating game Mods, this paper explores the social and economic factors that impact how game corporations address modding, framing these factors in a four-quadrant model according to the relative benefits and harm of Mods to game developers and users/modders. The inconsistency between the letter of the law and its practical application in the modding context suggests a need for law reform. Based on the findings of the above examinations, this paper proposes a two-pronged solution to the modding problem. The first prong concerns the social benefit of game Mods, aiming at changing the copyright regime from being exclusive to non-exclusive, which confers on gamers the legal right to modify video games without permission but obliges them to remunerate the original developers for commercial use of those Mods. The second prong concerns the potential social harm of game Mods and proposes a community-based approach, under which game operators are imposed a common law duty to monitor infringement and to ensure the fair implementation of game developers’ terms of service.

Is the proposed distinction of gaming disorder into a predominantly online vs. offline form meaningful? Empirical evidence from a large German speaking gamer sample

In the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), Gaming Disorder (GD) is distinguished between disordered gaming occurring predominantly online, offline, and unspecified. Currently, no study has investigated whether such a distinction is meaningful in diagnosing disordered gaming. Therefore, a large group of gamers with varied tendencies towards disordered gaming was recruited to examine this issue. A large sample (N = 2,768) was recruited and data were collected on disordered gaming, along with information on their preferred gaming mode and device used to play. The present study shows that the distinction between online and offline gaming mode proposed by the WHO is meaningful because online gamers presented with the highest disordered gaming scores followed by mixed gamers (those stating to equally prefer online and offline gaming), and offline gamers. Finally, it was also observed that the type of device for gaming used associated with disordered gaming levels. Specifically, those reporting mostly to use their desktop computer for gaming showed the highest disordered gaming scores. The present study lends empirical support for the consideration of both gaming mode and gaming device in the study of disordered gaming.

(Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Motorik Dengan Modifikasi Permainan Tradisional Untuk Meningkatkan Motorik Kasar Anak Sekolah Dasar Kelas Bawah)

This study aims to produce a motor learning model with modifications of traditional games for lower grade elementary school children. The stages of this research method are educational research and development (R & D) which adapts development research according to Borg & Gall (Kurdi & Sukadiyanto, 2014), namely: (1) potential and problems; (2) information collection; (3 ) product design (model draft); (4) expert validation and revision; (5) small-scale field trials and revisions; (6) large-scale field trials and revisions; (7) final product manufacture, revision of small-scale trials on 27 lower grade students namely grade II, and grade III at SDN 2 Gerung; (8) large-scale product trial on 40 grade II and third grade students at SD Negeri 1 Gerung; (9) product revision and, (10) benefits and implementation of the development of learning models.The instruments are: (1) interviews; (2) score scales; (3) teacher observations; (4) observation of the effectiveness of the model, and (5) student questionnaires. Data analysis techniques are descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. Results This research is in the form of a motor learning model with modifications a traditional game for lower grade elementary school children which contains five games, namely: (1) Gobak Sodor, (2) Jemprak/Engklek, (3) Grave Jumping, (4) Cat and Mouse, (5) Zig-Zag Sack Race, compiled in the form of a manual. From the results of data analysis on the assessment of material experts and student questionnaires, it can be concluded that the motor learning model with modified traditional games for lower grade elementary school children has a positive and effective response. This is evidenced by the percentage of each qualitative data requested is above 75% on a large scale, so that it can be used in physical education learning in elementary schools.

(Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Motorik Dengan Modifikasi Permainan Tradisional Untuk Meningkatkan Motorik Kasar Anak Sekolah Dasar Kelas Bawah)

This study aims to produce a motor learning model with modifications of traditional games for lower grade elementary school children. The stages of this research method are educational research and development (R & D) which adapts development research according to Borg & Gall (Kurdi & Sukadiyanto, 2014), namely: (1) potential and problems; (2) information collection; (3 ) product design (model draft); (4) expert validation and revision; (5) small-scale field trials and revisions; (6) large-scale field trials and revisions; (7) final product manufacture, revision of small-scale trials on 27 lower grade students namely grade II, and grade III at SDN 2 Gerung; (8) large-scale product trial on 40 grade II and third grade students at SD Negeri 1 Gerung; (9) product revision and, (10) benefits and implementation of the development of learning models.The instruments are: (1) interviews; (2) score scales; (3) teacher observations; (4) observation of the effectiveness of the model, and (5) student questionnaires. Data analysis techniques are descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. Results This research is in the form of a motor learning model with modifications a traditional game for lower grade elementary school children which contains five games, namely: (1) Gobak Sodor, (2) Jemprak/Engklek, (3) Grave Jumping, (4) Cat and Mouse, (5) Zig-Zag Sack Race, compiled in the form of a manual. From the results of data analysis on the assessment of material experts and student questionnaires, it can be concluded that the motor learning model with modified traditional games for lower grade elementary school children has a positive and effective response. This is evidenced by the percentage of each qualitative data requested is above 75% on a large scale, so that it can be used in physical education learning in elementary schools.

A system and game strategy for the isolated island electric-gas deeply coupled energy network

For the isolated island micro grid, a safe and reliable energy supply system is indispensable. Generally speaking, the power generation modules of an small and medium-sized isolated island energy system with off-grid power supply mode mainly include diesel generator(DIG) and distributed power supply. In order to smooth the power output fluctuation of wind and solar, coordinate the output of multiple energy generation technologies, and increase the penetration rate of distributed energy, it is necessary to develop a flexible and reliable energy system, and an efficient and smart scheduling strategy. In this paper, the power-to-gas (P2G) technology is introduced to construct a multi-energy complementary integrated energy system with deep coupling of power-gas network. Four possible game planning models are proposed by using game theory analysis method, and the energy scheduling strategies under each game mode are obtained by particle swarm optimization(PSO). By comparing the scheduling strategies under the four game modes, it can be found that the synergistic response of hydrogen and methane in the alliance cooperative game mode has absolute advantages in reducing the curtailment rate of wind and solar energy, balancing the income of each participant, improving the total income of the system, and saving energy and environmental protection.

Development of the Interactive Rehabilitation Game System for Children with Autism Based on Game Psychology

Autism is a widespread neurodevelopmental disorder. The cause of autism is still unclear. Once it occurs, it will be accompanied for life. Intervention treatment is currently recognized as an effective method. With the rise of somatosensory technology, Kinect has gradually been applied to the field of autism rehabilitation with its natural human-computer interaction and game rehabilitation psychology. Because there is a great demand for autism rehabilitation training resources in China and the existing somatosensory rehabilitation equipment has some shortcomings, this study designed a set of somatosensory rehabilitation system for autistic children based on Kinect and carried out its rehabilitation effect with experimental demonstration. The specific research work mainly includes the following contents: first, aiming at the rehabilitation needs of children with autism, this article combines mainstream intervention treatment methods, using C# programming language and Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) development technology to develop Kinect-based somatosensory game modules. The somatosensory rehabilitation game involves the training of the language communication, behavioral movement, daily life, sensory integration, and other comprehensive abilities of children with autism, which improves the shortcomings of the previous rehabilitation training in the scope of intervention. A variety of game types and diversified game modes are designed to meet the individual needs of rehabilitation training for children with autism. Second, experiments were carried out to verify the rehabilitation effect of the system. Using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) scale as the rehabilitation effect evaluation tools of this system, the experimental subjects were divided into the experimental group and control group, and different comparative experiments were conducted, respectively. Through the analysis of the scoring data of the CARS, it is found that the comprehensive ability of the experimental group of children receiving somatosensory rehabilitation training is significantly improved. Through the analysis of the scoring data of the PEDI scale, it is found that the children’s language communication, behavioral activities, and daily life abilities of the experimental group have been significantly enhanced. This article focuses on the design of the somatosensory game module of the autistic somatosensory rehabilitation system and the analysis of the system’s rehabilitation effect. It satisfies the training and rehabilitation needs of children with autism and has strong practical significance.

The moral economy of user-created content in the digital game industry

Modders, as people adding modifications or suggesting those to original creations, have been a source of free labour in the digital game industry. Their contributions have been at the root of many controversies. As such, corporations have adopted either hostile or friendly attitudes towards the practice of modding, which is reflected in how corporations try to facilitate or limit modders’ agency to create user-created content. This article explores the perspective of players as creators, commonly referred to as modders, on corporate strategies to commodify their free labour. The empirical work consists of semi-structured interviews with modders associated with the website fora Nexusmods.com and ModDB.com. By adopting Sayer’s concept of moral economy, this study draws two conclusions: first, that modders exist within a participatory ecosystem comprised of the modder, the community and corporate actors, where all actors participate in a political-ideological negotiation on how modders ought to create digital game modifications; second, when analysing agency affordances, a moral economy of multiple actors with different norms, values and social codes constitutes a provision system of social dependency that is at risk of collapsing whenever there is outsider interference, as well as corporate attempts to incorporate modders into paid-mod systems.

Applying Vision-Based Pose Estimation in a Telerehabilitation Application

In this paper, an augmented reality mirror application using vision-based human pose detection based on vision-based pose detection called ExerCam is presented. ExerCam does not need any special controllers or sensors for its operation, as it works with a simple RGB camera (webcam type), which makes the application totally accessible and low cost. This application also has a system for managing patients, tasks and games via the web, with which a therapist can manage their patients in a ubiquitous and totally remote way. As a final conclusion of the article, it can be inferred that the application developed is viable as a telerehabilitation tool, as it has the resource of a task mode for the calculation of the range of motion (ROM) and, on the other hand, a game mode to encourage patients to improve their performance during the therapy, with positive results obtained in this aspect.