Fuyang City Research Articles

Assessment of Non-invasive Markers for the Prediction of Esophageal Variceal Hemorrhage

Background: Esophageal variceal (EV) hemorrhage is a life-threatening consequence of portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients. Screening upper endoscopy and endoscopic variceal ligation to identify and treat EVs have contraindications, complications, and high costs. We sought to identify non-invasive tests (NITs) as alternatives to endoscopic EV screening.Methods: In this case-control study, we retrospectively analyzed 286 cirrhotic patients treated for EVs at the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City, China from January to December 2019. We applied ROC curve analysis to assess the accuracy of various NITs in predicting EV hemorrhage.Results: There were significant differences between the hemorrhage and non-hemorrhage groups in median serum albumin (ALB) (p < 0.001), median bilirubin (TBIL) (p < 0.046), prothrombin (PT) time (p < 0.001), Golgi protein 73 (GP73; p = 0.012) and Child-Pugh (C-P) scores (p < 0.001). For ALB (cutoff <33.2g/L), PT time (cutoff > 14.2 seconds), GP73 (cutoff > 126.4 ng/ml), and C-P scores, the areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were 73.4% (95% CI: 67.5–79.2), 68.6% (95% CI: 62.4–74.8), 62.2% (95% CI: 52.8–71.5) and 69.8% (95%CI: 63.8–75.8), respectively, with corresponding sensitives of 71.5, 59.8, 69.8, and 92.2% and specificities of 65.6%, 70.1%, 56.5%, and 38.6%. When ALB was combined with GP73, the AUC was 74.3% (95% CI: 66.1–82.5) with a sensitivity of 65.1% and specificity of 76.5%. When ALB, PT, and C-P scores were combined, the AUC was 76.5% (95% CI: 70.9–82.1) with a sensitivity of 79.5% and specificity of 64.3%. When ALB, PT, GP73, and C-P scores were combined, the AUC was 75.2% (95% CI: 67.3–83.1) with a sensitivity of 54.0% and specificity of 86.9%.Conclusion: ALB, TBIL, GP73, and C-P scores, may be used to predict EV hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients. The combination of multiple NITs is better than a single index and can increase diagnostic performance.

The Dental Health of Orphan and Non-orphan Children in Fuyang City, China.

To assess the dental health of orphan and non-orphan children in Fuyang City, China. A total of 332 orphan children were selected from social child welfare institutes and 590 non-orphan children were selected from the Experimental Primary and Middle Schools through random sampling in Fuyang City, China. The indices for Decayed, Missing, Filling (DMF) in orphan and non-orphan children were determined by dental inspections to assess their dental health. The periodontal status of orphan and non-orphan children aged 12-15 years was determined using the percentages of bleeding gingiva and dental calculus. In the age range of 3 to 5 years, the percentage of caries (81%) and the mean DMF (4.41; SD: 2.06; 95% CI: 3.82 to 5.00) of orphan children were statistically significantly higher than the percentage of caries (64%) and the mean DMF of the non-orphan control cohort (3.29; SD: 2.05; 95% CI: 2.87 to 3.71; p < 0.05). In the age range of 12 to 15 years, the percentage of caries (50.8%) and the mean DMF (1.28; SD: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.43) of orphan children were statistically significantly higher than the percentage of caries (34.5%) and the mean DMF (1.11; SD: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.23; p < 0.05) of non-orphan children. For orphan children ages 3 to 5 years, the percentage of restorations was statistically significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of non-orphan children (30%). For orphan children ages 12 to 15 years, the percentage of restorations was 3.9%, statistically significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of non-orphan children (19.4%). In orphan children ages 12 to 15 years, the percentages of bleeding gingiva (76.0%) and dental calculus (69.3%) were statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of the non-orphan children (46.2% and 39.1%, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in the evaluation indicators above between different genders within the groups studied, except the percentage of restorations. The dental health of orphan children in Fuyang City is worse than that of non-orphan children of the same age ranges. The values determined in this study can be used as a starting metric to measure the effectiveness of dental health care programs in improving the dental health of both orphan and non-orphan children.

The mediating role of self-acceptance in the relationship between loneliness and subjective well-being among the elderly in nursing home: A cross-sectional study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of self-acceptance on loneliness and subjective well-being (SWB) among elderly subjects living in Chinese nursing homes.This cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2019 and March 2020. A total of 415 elderly participants aged 60 to 97 years (mean 81.12 ± 8.90 years) from 3 medical and nursing homes in Fuyang city, Anhui province, were selected using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness, the self-acceptance scale, and the UCLA Loneliness scale. Correlations, regressions, and structural equation models were used for the analyses. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to confirm the factors influencing the SWB. Bootstrapping was performed to confirm the mediation effect.The loneliness of elderly subjects in nursing homes was significantly correlated with self-acceptance and SWB (r = −0.338, P < .01; r = −0.383, P < .01), and self-acceptance was significantly correlated with SWB (r = 0.401, P < .01). Multiple linear regression revealed that the relationship with children, loneliness, residence time in nursing homes, income, marital status, self-acceptance, original residence, and frequency of children's visits were the main factors affecting SWB. Bootstrapping showed that the mediating role of self-acceptance was statistically significant.The SWB of elderly individuals living in Chinese nursing homes was moderate. Low-income people, subjects from rural areas, and those newly admitted to nursing homes should be emphasized in interventions, and appropriate measures should be taken to harmonize the relationships between elderly residents and their children. Self-acceptance partially mediated the relationship between loneliness and SWB. Consequently, self-acceptance should be the focus of improving the SWB of elderly nursing home residents.

Prolonged parent-child separation and pain in adolescence: The role of HPA-axis genetic variations

BackgroundIncreasing evidence has demonstrated that childhood adversity was a predictor of pain and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis genetic variation is associated with pain risk. This study aims to explore possible effects of prolonged childhood separation from parents and HPA polygenic risk score (PRS) on pain among adolescents in rural China. MethodWe used data from 219 adolescents in rural area of Fuyang city, Anhui province, China. Parent-child separation was collected through interview and pain intensity was reported using the 11-point Numerical Rating Scale. SNP genotyping was performed using an improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) technique. The PRS was computed based on 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 2 genes (FKBP5 and NR3C1) related to HPA-axis stress reactivity. ResultsPain among adolescents separated from both parents scored higher compared to those without parent-child separation, however, this association was only observed in adolescents with moderate to high tertiles of PRS groups (parent-child separation in moderate group vs. no parent-child separation in moderate group: 3.07 vs. 1.57, P < 0.001; parent-child separation in highest group vs. no parent-child separation in highest group: 3.02 vs. 1.26, P < 0.001; parent-child separation in lowest group vs. no parent-child separation in lowest group: 2.34 vs. 1.25, P = 0.225). After controlled for demographic characteristics, psychopathological symptoms, adverse childhood experiences, parental warmth, prolonged childhood parent-child separation increased pain scores by 1.52 points (95% CI:0.72, 2.33) and 1.72 points (95% CI:1.13, 2.31) in moderate and high PRS groups, respectively. ConclusionOur findings suggest that adolescents separated from both parents while carrying more risk alleles related to HPA-axis stress reactivity are at heightened risk of pain.

A Qualitative Study of HIV/AIDS Social Policy Implementation in Rural Central China: Recipient Perspectives

Social assistance policy initiatives are crucial to improve the socio-economic conditions of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Little is known about the implementation of HIV/AIDS social assistance policies in China, as well as the effects on recipients of the subsidies associated with these policies. This qualitative study examined HIV/AIDS social assistance policy implementation in rural Central China, a region heavily affected by HIV/AIDS. Using thematic analysis, we analyzed data from 15 interviews with PLWHA in Fuyang City, Anhui. The findings reveal the predominant role that social assistance policies played in mitigating the deleterious impacts of HIV/AIDS on PLWHA. These policies provided living subsidies and greatly reduced the economic burdens through medical and educational assistance plans. Our findings also highlight challenges with implementation of the policy, including access and coverage issues, inadequate subsidies, stigma, and issues related to recipients&amp;rsquo; privacy. This study provides recommendations to improve social assistance policies that mitigate the negative impacts of HIV/AIDS on vulnerable households.

Differentially expressed immune response genes in COVID-19 patients based on disease severity.

Background: Dysregulated immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are thought to underlie the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We sought to further characterize host antiviral and cytokine gene expression in COVID-19 patients based on illness severity.Methods: In this case-control study, we retrospectively analyzed 46 recovered COVID-19 patients and 24 healthy subjects (no history of COVID-19) recruited from the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City. Blood samples were collected from each study participant for RNA extraction and PCR. We assessed changes in antiviral gene expression between healthy controls and patients with mild/moderate (MM) and severe/critical (SC) disease.Results: We found that type I interferon signaling (IFNA2, TLR8, IFNA1, IFNAR1, TLR9, IRF7, ISG15, APOBEC3G, and MX1) and genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines (IL12B, IL15, IL6, IL12A and IL1B) and chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL11 and CXCL10) were upregulated in patients with MM and SC disease. Moreover, we found that IFNA1, apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G), and Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) were significantly downregulated (P < 0.05) in the SC group compared to the MM group. We also observed that microRNA (miR)-155 and miR-130a levels were markedly higher in the MM group compared to the SC group.Conclusion: COVID-19 is associated with the activation of host antiviral genes. Induction of the IFN system appears to be particularly important in controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection, as decreased expression of IFNA1, APOBEC3G and FADD genes in SC patients, relative to MM patients, may be associated with disease progression.

Renal dysfunction and prognosis of COVID-19 patients: a hospital-based retrospective cohort study

IntroductionIncreasing evidence indicate that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is companied by renal dysfunction. However, the association of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced renal dysfunction with prognosis remains obscure.Materials and methodsAll 154 patients with COVID-19 were recruited from the Second People’s Hospital of Fuyang City in Anhui, China. Demographic characteristics and laboratory data were extracted. Renal dysfunction was evaluated and its prognosis was followed up based on a retrospective cohort study.ResultsThere were 125 (81.2%) mild and 29 (18.8%) severe cases in 154 COVID-19 patients. On admission, 16 (10.4%) subjects were accompanied with renal dysfunction. Serum creatinine and cystatin C were increased and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was decreased in severe patients compared with those in mild patients. Renal dysfunction was more prevalent in severe patients. Using multivariate logistic regression, we found that male gender, older age and hypertension were three importantly independent risk factors for renal dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. Follow-up study found that at least one renal function marker of 3.33% patients remained abnormal in 2 weeks after discharge.ConclusionMale elderly COVID-19 patients with hypertension elevates the risk of renal dysfunction. SARS-CoV-2-induced renal dysfunction are not fully recovered in 2 weeks after discharge.

Exposure to antibiotics and mental disorders in children: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Although exposure to antibiotics at a critical developmental time window has been implicated in mental health in observational and experimental studies, very limited bio-monitoring data are available for exposure to antibiotics associated with child mental disorders. The goal of our study was to examine the association between urinary exposure of children to antibiotics and mental health. The participants were 278 children from 256 eligible families in the urban-rural fringe of Fuyang city in China since June in 2017. A single-point urine sample was collected to measure the antibiotic concentrations to characterize the exposure levels. A total of 45 antibiotics from nine classes and their two metabolites were monitored through liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. We used multivariable regressions to estimate the covariate-adjusted associations between urine-antibiotic concentrations and mental impairments, as assessed using the parent version of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Among the participants, ciprofloxacin was associated with an increased risk of mental disorders at both lower concentrations (OR = 4.06; 95% CI 1.69-9.78) and higher concentrations OR = 6.04; 95% CI 2.59-14.08). After categorizing the detected antibiotics, the positive associations were observed between abnormal score in total difficulties and higher levels exposure to fluoroquinolones (OR = 2.83, 95% CI 1.38-5.80) and antibiotics preferred for veterinary use (PVAs) (OR = 3.20; 95% CI 1.41-7.27), respectively. Our findings suggest that ciprofloxacin, fluoroquinolones and PVAs, probably from contaminated food or environment, may be associated with child mental disorders.

PP350 Study On The Awareness, Willingness To Pay And Satisfaction With Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing Among Pregnant Women

IntroductionBirth defects seriously affect children's survival and quality of life and bring great suffering and financial burden to children and their families. Down's syndrome is one of the most common birth defects. Compared with traditional serological screening methods, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has higher sensitivity and specificity in the screening of Down's syndrome. In April 2017, the People's Government of Fuyang City, Anhui Province launched a NIPT free screening program. From the perspective of the beneficiary, this research investigated the awareness, willingness to pay and satisfaction of pregnant women in Fuyang City, Anhui Province, to better improve the use of NIPT.MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted on 1,221 pregnant women who experienced this program in Fuyang City, Anhui Province. Multivariate ordered logistic regression models were established to analyze the factors affecting the satisfaction of NIPT.ResultsA total of 1,217 valid questionnaires were collected. Research indicated 82.5 percent knew about NIPT and 81.9 percent were willing to pay personally when its price was CNY 800 (USD 113.88) per test among pregnant women. The satisfaction of pregnant women with NIPT showed that the waiting time for test results was relatively low (4.5 out of 5 points) compared with other aspects of satisfaction. The higher the education level of the pregnant women, the lower their satisfaction with NIPT.ConclusionsIt is necessary to pay attention to the characteristics of education and to improve the awareness and satisfaction of NIPT among pregnant women. Meanwhile, if it is affordable enough for NIPT services to be provided by the government, this mode should be promoted. In conjunction with the willingness to pay of pregnant women, NIPT payment methods should be developed appropriately.

Spatial Assessment of Groundwater Quality and Health Risk of Nitrogen Pollution for Shallow Groundwater Aquifer around Fuyang City, China

Prolonged exposure to intensive and extensive agricultural and industrial activities is leading to an increased deterioration of groundwater quality, especially nitrogen pollution in shallow groundwater aquifers. This study was carried out using the fuzzy comprehensive method to assess the overall groundwater quality, and the noncarcinogenic risks were estimated using the human health risk assessment method recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) via drinking water intake pathways around Fuyang City, China. A total of 34 samples were collected from shallow groundwater private wells, and 16 parameters were analyzed for each groundwater sample. The evaluation results of groundwater quality show 14.7% of groundwater samples classified as poor and very poor quality, and NO3-N, TH, TDS, Fe3+, and Mn are of high potential to affect the quality of potable drinking water. These are mainly derived from anthropogenic pollutants, predominantly due to uncontrolled agricultural and industrial activities, as well as some natural processes. The noncarcinogenic risk of nitrate indicates that 8.82% of groundwater samples surpass the permissible limit recommended by the USEPA for both adults and children. This study may provide the local authority with insights into making scientific decisions for exploiting groundwater in a sustainable manner so as to protect public health.

Geochronology, Geochemistry, Whole Rock Sr‐Nd and Zircon Hf‐O Isotopes of the Early Neoproterozoic Volcanic Rocks in Jiangshan, Eastern Part of the Jiangnan Orogen: Constraints on Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications

AbstractThis paper presents the results of combined studies of geochronology, geochemistry, whole rock Sr‐Nd and zircon Hf‐O isotopes carried out upon the rhyodacite and ignimbrite of Shangshu village, Shangyu town and Shanghupeng village of Jiangshan City in Zhejiang Province, along the northwestern side of the Jiangshan–Shaoxing suture. SHRIMP zircon U‐Pb dating of samples in the three areas yielded weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages of 842.8 ± 6.9 Ma and 850.0 ± 7.3 Ma, 839 ± 9 Ma and 832.2 ± 8.1 Ma, 828.3 ± 8.5 Ma and 836.9 ± 9.9 Ma, respectively. These ages are older than the volcanic rocks of the Shangshu Formation dated at around 780 Ma distributed in Fuyang City, Hangzhou City, Kaihua County, etc. The volcanic rocks generally have high SiO2 (54.08–76.80 wt%) and Al2O3 (12.40–21.31 wt%), low Fe2O3 (0.68–8.92 wt%), MgO (0.29–2.49 wt%), CaO (0.12–2.86 wt%), TiO2 (0.10–1.59 wt%) and P2O5 (0.01–0.39 wt%), with variable total alkalis (K2O + Na2O =5.42–8.29 wt%). There exists a clear negative correlation between SiO2 and P2O5. The volcanic rocks have A/CNK ratios of 1.03–2.77 and thus are peraluminous. They are characterized by enrichment in LREE, Rb, Ba, Zr, Hf, K, Th, La, U and depletion in Nb, Sr, P, Ti, with distinct LREE and HREE fractionation of (La/Yb)N values of 5.68–11.67, and with a moderate negative Eu anomaly (&amp;Eu=0.58–0.89). Whole‐rock geochemical data shows that the Jiangshan volcanic rocks are possibly I‐type granitic rocks, even though they have some characteristics of A&amp;S‐type granites due to the magma fractional crystallization and water‐rock interaction. Zircon δ18O values are 3.97‰–5.49‰ (average 4.50‰), 2.90‰–5.21‰ (average 4.32‰) for ignimbrite from Shangshu village section, and Shanghupeng village section, respectively. They are slightly lower than the average δ18O values of igneous zircons in equilibrium with mantle magmas (5.3 ± 0.6‰ (2σ)), the lower δ18O value also demonstrating the presence of high temperature water‐rock interactions. The ignimbrite rocks have positive ∊Nd(t) (4.02, 3.37, 3.91, 4.74, 2.85, 4.39, totals from the three areas) and ∊Nd(t) (in‐situ zircon) (4.3–14.6, a weighted mean of 8.4; 6.6–12.7, a weighted mean of 9.0; 8.1–12.0, a weighted mean of 9.5, respectively, from the three areas). In conjunction with the trace element studies, they indicate that the source region of the Jiangshan volcanic rocks was mainly composed of juvenile lower crustal material, mixed with some mantle‐sourced magma. Detailed elemental and isotopic data suggest that the Jiangshan volcanic rocks were formed in a continental arc setting. There is a series of ca. 860–830 Ma volcanic rocks formed in a back‐arc extensional setting in the southern margin of the eastern Jiangnan Orogen, along the northwest side of the Jiangshan–Shaoxing suture. The first stage rift‐related anorogenic magmatism may have occurred as early as ca. 860 Ma in the eastern Jiangnan Orogen.

COVID-19 induced liver function abnormality associates with age.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease that may cause fever, dry cough, fatigue and shortness of breath. The impact of COVID-19 on liver function is not well described.Results: We found that the overall frequency of LFT abnormality was 17.6%. Frequency of LFT abnormality was significantly greater in patients with severe/critical (SC) COVID-19 compared to those with mild/moderate (MM) COVID-19 (32.4% vs 11.6%, p=0.011). Among patients with LFT abnormality, the median age was significantly higher in the SC group compared to the MM group (52 vs 39 years, p=0.021).Conclusion: COVID-19 is frequently associated with mild liver function abnormality, particularly in individuals with severe/critical COVID-19 who were older. Liver function should be monitored carefully during infection, with judicious use of hepatotoxic agents where possible and avoidance of prolonged hypotension to minimize liver injury in older patients.Methods: The No. 2 People’s Hospital of Fuyang City in China has admitted a total of 159 patients with confirmed COVID-19 since the outbreak from January 2020 to March 2020. We analyzed the incidence of liver function test (LFT) abnormality in these patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection.

Association between Frailty and Erectile Dysfunction among Chinese Elderly Men

Objective This study is aimed at assessing association between frailty and erectile dysfunction among Chinese elderly men. Methods This community-based study was conducted with a sample of 341 Chinese elderly men (aged 60 to 83 years old) in Fuyang City (Anhui Province, China). Each of the participants completed a standard questionnaire, including demographics (age, height, weight, yearly income, educational status, comorbidity, lifestyle factors, etc.), medical and sexual history, and the Chinese version of Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) and International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) for assessing frailty and erectile dysfunction (ED). Results The prevalence of ED and frailty in Chinese elderly men was 77.13% and 68.04%, respectively. Compared with the non-ED group, the ED group had increased age, spouse's age, BMI, prevalence of diabetes, and scores of TFI and lower yearly income, educational levels, and ratio of irregular intercourse (less than once per week) (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that age (OR: 0.860, 95% CI: 0.763-0.969), diabetes (OR: 0.330, 95% CI: 0.165-0.661), irregular intercourse (OR: 3.416, 95% CI: 1.874-6.229), and scores of TFI (OR: 0.906, 95% CI: 0.846-0.970) were regarded as independent risk factors for ED (all P < 0.05). And after adjusting for age, the TFI score had a negative significant association with the IIEF score (r = −0.134, P = 0.013). Conclusion This study confirmed the strong associations between ED and frailty among elderly men. Sexual health care for elderly men with ED should be assessed and taken addressed on the multidimensional assessments of frailty.

Near Full-Length Genomic Characterization of a Novel Unique Recombinant (CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC) in Fuyang City of China.

Recombinant forms contribute substantially to the genetic diversity of HIV-1. Recent studies have also revealed that three major viral strains (CRF07_BC, CRF01_AE, and subtype B) have been cocirculating among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Anhui, suggesting a high probability of generating new recombinants. In this study, we reported a novel CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC HIV-1 recombinant form in MSM in Fuyang city of China. Two near full-length genome (NFLG) named FY184 and FY208 were successfully obtained. The genomic composition analysis of the NFLG reveals that it was divided into four segments by three breakpoints, with two regions of CRF07_BC inserted into a CRF01_AE backbone's gag and pol regions. The CRF01_AE regions were originated from a subcluster lineage of CRF01_AE, which is mainly circulating among MSM in China. The emergence of a novel recombinant of CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC is indicative of the increasing genetic diversity of the HIV epidemic in MSM in Anhui.

Epidemiological and clinical features of 125 Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Fuyang, Anhui, China

ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of patients with COVID-19 in Anhui province of China. MethodIn this descriptive study, we obtained epidemiological, demographic, manifestations, laboratory data and radiological findings of patients confirmed by real-time RT-PCR in the NO.2 People’s Hospital of Fuyang City from Jan 20 to Feb 9, 2020. Clinical outcomes were followed up to Feb 18, 2020. ResultsOf 125 patients infected SARS-CoV-2, the mean age was 38.76 years (SD, 13.799) and 71(56.8%) were male. Common symptoms include fever [116 (92.8%)], cough [102(81.6%)], and shortness of breath [57(45.6%)]. Lymphocytopenia developed in 48(38.4%) patients. 100(80.0%) patients showed bilateral pneumonia, 26(20.8%) patients showed multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity. All patients were given antiviral therapy. 19(15.2%) patients were transferred to the intensive care unit. By February 18, 47(37.6%) patients were discharged and none of patients died. Among the discharged patients, the median time of length of stay was 14.8 days (SD 4.16). ConclusionIn this single-center, retrospective, descriptive study, fever is the most common symptom. Old age, chronic underlying diseases and smoking history may be risk factors to worse condition. Certain laboratory inspection may contribute to the judgment of the severity of illness.

Analysis of the clinical characteristics and early warning model construction of severe/critical coronavirus disease 2019 patients

To analyze the clinical characteristics of critical patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), build an early warning model for severe/critical type, and aim at providing reference for the prediction of severe/critical COVID-19. The clinical data of COVID-19 patients treated in the Second People' Hospital of Fuyang City from January 20th to February 18th in 2020 were retrospective analyzed, including the demographic and epidemiological date, vital signs and hematology indexes, etc. on admission. Patients were divided into the normal type (set as normal group) and severe/critical type (set as severe group) according to the COVID-19 treatment plan classification standard published by National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. The differences between two groups were compared, and the variables with statistical significance were incorporated in the multivariate binary unconditional Logistic regression analysis to screen the risk factors of severe/critical type. Risk factors were summarized to establish an early warning model, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was carried out to evaluate the significance of the early warning model in the screening of critically COVID-19. A total of 155 patients with COVID-19 were admitted, including 125 patients of normal type and 30 patients of severe/critical type. (1) Compared with normal group, patients in severe group were older, and with higher proportion of basic diseases, higher body mass index (BMI), higher incidence of tachypnea, persistent high fever, peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) < 0.95, while the white blood cell count (WBC), CD4+T lymphocyte, CD8+T lymphocyte, lymphocyte count (LYM) were decreased obviously, the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid a protein (SAA), and CT showed higher incidence of multi-pulmonary lobe lesions. There were no significant differences of gender, travel history from Wuhan, smoking history, shock index (SI) and CD4+/CD8+ ratio between the two groups. (2) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 60 years old [odds ratio (OR) = 1.620, P = 0.031], combined with underlying diseases (OR = 1.521, P = 0.044), persistent high fever (OR = 2.469, P = 0.014), WBC < 2.0×109/L and/or LYM < 0.4×109/L (OR = 3.079, P = 0.006), pulmonary multilobar lesions (OR = 1.367, P = 0.047), and IL-6 ≥ 30 ng/L (OR = 2.426, P = 0.010) were the risk factors of severe/critical COVID-19. (3) The OR value corresponding to each risk factors were scored by rounding. Two points were scored for age ≥ 60 years old, with underlying diseases, persistent high fever and IL-6 ≥ 30 ng/L, 3 points for WBC < 2.0×109/L and/or LYM < 0.4×109/L, 1 point for pulmonary multilobar lesions, and totally calculated as early warning model scores. The early warning model score of the severe group was significantly higher than that of the normal group (9.33±2.79 vs. 5.04±2.38, t = 9.010, P = 0.001). (4) The ROC curve analysis showed the area under ROC curve (AUC) of early warning model on the early screening of severe/critical patients in COVID-19 was 0.944, and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.903-0.985; and the sensitivity and specificity were 93.3% and 72.0% respectively while the cut-off was 6.5. There are many differences between severe/critical and mild COVID-19 patients. The establishment of early warning model could help to screen severe/critical patients at an early stage, with certain significance for guiding treatment.

HIV Prevalence and Factors Influencing the Uptake of Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing among Older Clients of Female Sex Workers in Liuzhou and Fuyang Cities, China, 2016-2017: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective To compare the prevalence of HIV and associated factors for participating HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) among older clients of female sex workers (CFSWs) in Liuzhou City and Fuyang City in China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted and the study employed 978 male CFSWs, aged 50 years and above from October 2016 to December 2017. All participants were required to complete a questionnaire and provide blood samples for HIV testing. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influential factors of using VCT program and tested for HIV. Results The HIV infection prevalence rate was 1.2% and 0.5%, while 52.3% and 54.6% participants had ever utilized VCT service and tested for HIV in Liuzhou City and Fuyang City, respectively. The older CFSWs who ever heard of VCT program were more likely to uptake VCT program in both cities (ORLiuzhou = 2.224, ORFuyang = 2.421). Participants, whose marital status was married or cohabiting (ORLiuzhou = 0.548, ORFuyang = 0.495), who have stigma against individuals who are living with HIV/AIDS (ORLiuzhou = 0.273, ORFuyang = 0.371), whose monthly income is more than 500 yuan (ORLiuzhou = 0.622, ORFuyang = 0.600), and whose age is more than 60 years old (ORLiuzhou = 0.639, ORFuyang = 0.554), were less likely to visit VCT clinics. Those who are worried about HIV-infected participants were more likely to utilize VCT services in Fuyang City (AOR = 1.838, 95%CI : 1.146‐2.948). Conclusion Combine strategy will be needed to promote the utilization of VCT service, based on the socioeconomic characteristics of older male CFSWs in different cities of China.

Antibiotic exposure across three generations from Chinese families and cumulative health risk.

Extensive antibiotic exposure in the general population has been documented by bio-monitoring, but data regarding antibiotic burden across three generations in families living in the same household are lacking. We investigated the distribution of antibiotics and the potential health risk among the three generations by selecting 691 participants from 256 households in Fuyang city, China. A total of 45 antibiotics and two metabolites were screened in urine samples through liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. In total, 34 antibiotics were found in the samples with an overall detection frequency of 92.0%, and the detection frequencies of individual antibiotic ranged from 0.3% to 28.7%. Specifically, the concentrations of seven antibiotics (azithromycin, amoxicillin, oxytetracycline, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole) were extremely high (i.e., above 10, 000ng/mL). The detection rates of tetracyclines were significantly different among the three generations, with parents having the highest detection rate. Penicillin V, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin showed a higher detection frequency in parents, whereas tetracycline, danofloxacin, and ofloxacin were more likely to be found in grandparents. The proportions of the sum of the daily exposure dose of VAs and PVAs more than 1μg/kg/d in children, parents, and grandparents were 31.6%, 39.5%, and 26.5%, respectively. A hazard index (HI) greater than 1 was observed in 14.7% children, which was less than the 23.6% in parents and slightly higher than the 11.8% in grandparents. Ciprofloxacin was the biggest contributor to HI among the three generations. Collectively, these findings indicate that households are widely exposed to various antibiotics in Fuyang city, where parents had the highest health risk associated with the disturbance of gut microbiota.

Strategic Research on the Urban Natural Gas Energy System Under the Path to Ecological Civilization: Fuyang City Case Study

To help meet the strategic development needs of urban energy systems today and reduce carbon emissions, natural gas can play a pivotal transition role, especially in a country such as China which has relied very heavily on coal for decades. Though making significant towards the maximum possible use of clean, renewable forms of energy, such as hydro, thermal, solar and wind power, it will be a long time yet before China can completely abandon the use of fossil fuels. . In this paper, using Fuyang City in Anhui Province as a case study, a four-dimensional differential equation model, based on the consumption, price, economic growth, and “ecological civilization construction” of natural gas energy, is developed which incorporates concepts and calculations of natural gas energy intensity, “natural gas ecological civilization intensity”, and “economic ecological civilization intensity”. It is the first attempt ever made to quantify the construction of urban ecological civilization and discuss the evolutionary relationship among the internal variables of the system . Regression analysis, data fitting, neural network, and other methods are used to confirm the parameters of the system model. Through Matlab simulation of each variable and using an evolution map, a quantitative understanding of the role of natural gas is generated. The research findings reveal that paying attention to the environmental aspects of energy consumption is beneficial to economic growth. The paper concludes that, at present, the best ways for China to reduce its carbon emissions are to implement a market price and peak–valley prices for natural gas, improve the tiered price mechanism, appropriately reduce the economic growth rate, continue to adjust the industrial structure away from heavy industry and scientifically manage the natural gas energy system. These reforms are of great practical significance in working towards a sustainable development path for the city.

A High-Temperature Risk Assessment Model for Maize Based on MODIS LST

Currently, high-temperature risk assessments of crops at the regional scale are usually conducted by comparing the observed air temperature at ground stations or via the remote sensing inversion of canopy temperature (such as MODIS (moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer) land surface temperature (LST)) with the threshold temperature of the crop. Since this threshold is based on the absolute temperature value, it is difficult to account for changes in environmental conditions and crop canopy information between different regions and different years in the evaluation model. In this study, MODIS LST products were used to establish an evaluation model (spatiotemporal deviation mean (STDM)) and a classification method to determine maize-growing areas at risk of high temperatures at the regional scale. The study area was the Huang-Huai-Hai River plain of China where maize is grown and high temperatures occur frequently. The spatiotemporal distribution of the high-temperature risk of summer maize was determined in the study area from 2003 to 2018. The results demonstrate the applicability of the model at the regional scale. The distribution of high-temperature risk in the Huang-Huai-Hai region was consistent with the actual temperature measurements. The temperatures in the northwestern, southwestern, and southern parts were relatively high and the area was classified as a stable zone. Shijiazhuang, Jiaozuo, Weinan, Xi’an, and Xianyang city were located in a zone of increasing high temperatures. The regions with a stable high-temperature risk were Xiangfan, Yuncheng, and Luoyang city. Areas of decreasing high temperatures were Handan, Xingtai, Bozhou, Fuyang, Nanyang, Linfen, and Pingdingshan city. Areas that need to focus on preventing high-temperature risks include Luoyang, Yuncheng, Xianyang, Weinan, and Xi’an city. This study provides a new method for the detailed evaluation of regional high-temperature risk and data support.