Future Reference Research Articles

Effects of Dendrobium officinale on physicochemical and flavor properties of yogurt during different fermentation time

Dendrobium officinale (DO), a valuable Chinese herb exhibiting enormous health benefits, has gained recognition as a functional food. DO contains abundant bioactive compounds, such as polysaccharides, dendrobine, flavonoids, amino acids, and volatile compounds and has been used to enhance the flavor and bioactive compounds in yogurt. This study aimed to explore the effects of DO on the physicochemical characteristics and flavor properties of yogurt at different fermentation times. The volatile compound profiles, concentration, and odor activity value (OAV) of yogurt at different fermentation times were assessed. The addition of DO reduced the pH and increased the acidity, apparent viscosity, and water-holding capacity. Furthermore, DO addition had a significant effect on the volatile compounds in fermented milk, which also significantly changed during the fermentation process. 2-Heptanone was identified as the major contributor to yogurt flavor at different fermentation times. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two significantly different clusters for the samples based on the concentration of the main compounds in samples obtained at different fermentation time points. Cluster 1 comprised the samples obtained at 1, 3.5, and 3 h of fermentation, whereas the other cluster comprised the samples at 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 4 h of fermentation. Additionally, certain unique compounds emerged or diminished depending on the fermentation time. These findings offer valuable insights for future reference in the development and quality control processes of DO-supplemented yogurt.

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: A Gravitational Search based Fuzzy Approach for Edge Detection in Colour And Grayscale Images

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles A Gravitational Search based Fuzzy Approach for Edge Detection in Colour And Grayscale by Swagatam Das, Satrajit Mukherjee, Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder and Aritran Piplai Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy System After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles. This paper duplicates significant amounts of content from the original paper cited below. The original text was copied without attribution (including appropriate references to the original author(s) and/or paper title) and without permission. Due to the nature of this violation, reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper, and future references should be made to the following article: An Optimal Fuzzy System for Edge Detection in Color Images using Bacterial Foraging Algorithm, by Om Verma Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, 12 April 2012 This article presents an optimal edge detection scheme based on the concepts of fuzzy Smallest Univalue Assimilating Nucleus (SUSAN) and the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA). Initially, the Univalue Assimilating Nucleus (USAN) area is calculated from the gray levels of every neighborhood pixel of a pixel of interest in the test image. In accordance with the SUSAN principle, the neighborhood is chosen as a circular mask and applied separately on the individual RGB components of the image in case the image is a color image. The USAN area edge map of each component is fuzzified using a Gaussian membership function (used for detecting strong edges) and a bell-shaped function (used for detecting weak edges). Then the entropy and edge sharpness factors are calculated from these fuzzy measures and optimized using GSA by evolving the fuzzifier and the parameters controlling the shape and range of the bell-shaped curve. Adaptive thresholding converts the fuzzy domain edge map to a spatial domain edge map. Finally, the individual RGB edge maps are concatenated to obtain the final image edge map. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons have been rendered with respect to a few promising edge detectors (both traditional as well as state-of-the-art) and also optimal fuzzy edge detectors based on metaheuristic algorithms like Differential Evolution (DE) and Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO). Extensive comparisons based on several quantitative measures strongly reflect merits of the proposed method.

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: Decentralized event-triggering passive control of networked T-S fuzzy systems

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles<br><br>"Decentralized Event-triggering Passive Control of Networked T-S Fuzzy Systems"<br>by Huijiao Wang, Peng Shi, and Cheng-Chew Lim<br>Submitted to the IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems--August 2014<br><br>After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE’s Publication Principles.<br><br>This paper contains substantial duplication of original text from the paper cited below. The original text was copied without attribution (including appropriate references to the original author(s) and/or paper title) and without permission.<br><br>Due to the nature of this violation, reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper, and future references should be made to the following article:<br><br>Decentralized Event-triggered Dissipative Control of Linear Systems via Dynamic Output Feedback"<br>by Xian-Ming Zhang and Qing-Long Han<br>Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control on 7 August<br><br>"Event-triggered Mixed H-infinity and Passive Control of Linear Systems via Dynamic Output Feedback"<br>by Xian-Ming Zhang and Qing-Long Han<br> in the Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), November 2013, pp. 5080-5085.<br><br> <br/> The problem of decentralized eventtriggering passive control is investigated for networked T-S fuzzy systems based on dynamic output feedback control. A mixed H1 and passivity control criterion for the closed-loop T-S fuzzy system is established. A new co-design method is developed for the decentralized event-triggered scheme and the dynamic output feedback controller. The method ensures that the resulting closedloop T-S fuzzy system is asymptotically stable with a prescribed mixed H1 and passive performance. A mass-spring-damper mechanical system is employed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed new design techniques.

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: Fault Detection Using Industrial Video Information

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles Fault Detection Using Industrial Video Information by Y. Zhang, Z. Wang, Y. Fu and X. Li, in the IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. PP, no. 99 After careful and considered review of the content of this paper and associated multimedia content by a duly constituted expert committee, this work has been found to be in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles. This paper and associated multimedia files contain fraudulent data and images. Due to the nature of this violation, reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper and refrain from future references. In this study, a new data-modelling algorithm, referred to as relaxed independent component analysis, is proposed for the purpose of industrial video process monitoring. The contributions are as follows. (1) Physical variables and image data are unified in a framework to propose fault detection method of industrial process for the first time. (2) We find that independent components are sensitive to extract features of image and physical variables. In original KICA method, KPCA+ICA are used to extract nonlinear independent components. Since ICA is linear method, the original method only extracts semi-nonlinear independent components. In our method, the complete nonlinear independent components are extracted using the independence criterion. (3) A process monitoring approach of relaxed independent component analysis is presented. When applied to the monitoring of an electrical fused magnesia furnace, it can effectively improve the accuracy of forecasting the non-Gaussian process and reduce the ratio of false alarms compared to kernel principle component analysis and traditional kernel independent component analysis.

Wine &amp; Olive Oil food heritage synergies within the tourism experience: Analyzing corporate websites

Portugal is amongst the largest producers of wine and olive oil in the world. This paper aims to understand how wine tourism (Enotourism in future references) farms in the Douro region are able to enhance synergies through traditional Portuguese products (e.g., Wine and Olive Oil) transforming both into creative Tourism Experiences that are often featured in tourism estates websites. Using a mixed methods methodology this study analyses 290 websites, in order to understand the emphasis given to internet information, promotion, users’ relation, transaction, interactivity, multimedia and design and social media areas. One limitation of this study is its circumscription to a specific wine region, the Douro. Another constraint is that it focus on only one perspective (supply). Future research should include a wider range of wine and olive oil territories, permitting a more systematic knowledge about the websites’ quality and efficiency, as well as exploring (supply &amp; demand) creative experiences optics. A website analyse model is proposed aiming to evaluate the development level of wine &amp; olive oil tourism.

Overview of Research on Dyslexia Assessment and Identification in China

Dyslexia can affect students’ academic performance, self-esteem, mental health, social and emotional development, career and life prospects. Currently, there is a lack of scientifically unified methods and tools for dyslexia assessment and identification in China, resulting in a lower incidence rate of Chinese dyslexic students being discovered. Scientifically and accurately assessing and identifying dyslexic students and providing them with corresponding support and intervention measures are key issues in dyslexia research. This paper aims to analyze the progress of research on dyslexia assessment and identification in China, evaluate its current status, and summarize inspirations for dyslexia assessment and identification for future reference.

TRAUMA AND HANGING- AN UNUSUAL CASE OF COMPLICATED SUICIDE

Suicidal deaths are very frequently encountered by forensic experts in day-to-day practice. Here, we shed light on an unusual complicated suicide case, with features of hanging, head trauma and traumatic asphyxia. Allegedly, a dead body of a 65 years old man was found stuck in a shaft between the elevator and a wall, in a multistorey building, with ligature material placed around his neck. The ligature material was torn in two parts and the other part was found tied over the railing upstairs, in proximity to the elevator shaft, in front of his room. Suicide notes were found with the body. During the autopsy, two loops of faint ligature marks were present on the neck and on further exploration, extravasation of blood was present over the strap muscles of neck and carotid sheath. Upper part of the body was congested and there was a clear line of demarcation. Head injury was also present with skull fractures and cerebral haemorrhages. Signs of asphyxia were seen on the internal organs. This case, illustrating a peculiar pattern of injuries is reported for future reference of pathologists to help in identifying and anticipating such injuries in similar cases of suicide.

City council help desk support system

The City Council Help Desk Support System is a comprehensive web-based software designed to assist city residents with complaints, queries, and services. This system enhances the efficiency of the City Council and improves the quality of life for citizens by addressing various issues, including fire alerts from specific locations, waste management, community grievances, interference with protected vegetation, and traffic light damage reports. Each query submitted through the portal is stored in a database for future reference. The system's AI-based chatbot provides support by offering relevant information even in the absence of staff. By leveraging digital and internet technologies, this system significantly reduces response times and automates processes across administrative, user, and staff modules. The project utilizes Agile methodology, emphasizing incremental delivery, team collaboration, continual planning, and learning to ensure value delivery at each stage. This paper explores the system's detailed functionalities, its application of Agile principles, and the results of its real-world implementation.

Codesplain: AI powered documentation app

Codesplain is a groundbreaking AI-powered tool poised to transform the landscape of code documentation by harnessing the power of advanced analysis techniques. Through its sophisticated algorithms, Codesplain delves into code repositories sourced from platforms like GitHub and GitLab, meticulously parsing and deciphering the intricacies of codebases. What sets Codesplain apart is its ability to generate exhaustive and intelligible documentation, offering insights that facilitate seamless collaboration among developers. By distilling complex code structures into comprehensible narratives, Codesplain not only streamlines the development process but also serves as a repository of invaluable knowledge, safeguarding critical insights for future reference. This paper delves into the multifaceted functionality of Codesplain, elucidating its myriad benefits and profound impact on organizational codebases. From fostering a culture of knowledge preservation to catalyzing innovation through expedited development cycles, Codesplain emerges as a transformative force, poised to redefine the standards of code documentation practices.

Flask-based ASR for Automated Disorder Speech Recognition

Speech disorders encompass a diverse range of conditions hindering effective communication, stemming from developmental, neurological, or physical factors. These challenges impact daily life and opportunities. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) technology emerges as a pivotal solution. ASR, powered by sophisticated algorithms, transcribes spoken language into written text, transcending traditional communication barriers. Tailorable to accommodate unique speech disorders, ASR offers the promise of empowering individuals to articulate their thoughts. Our Python Flask-based ASR(FBASR) applications meticulously crafted to cater to individuals, including children, grappling with speech disorders. It provides a user-friendly platform. Users simply submit a speech audio file in WAV format, and the application transcribes it. Alongside recognized text, it furnishes vital audio metrics. Additionally, it generates visual audio signal and spectrogram representations, all stored efficiently for future reference. The application's profound advantage lies in granting a voice to individuals with speech disorders, facilitating education, employment, and healthcare interactions. Furthermore, it serves as a resource for research and therapy development, promising inclusivity and enriching lives. The proposed work concludes by discussing the future outlook of cloud-based ASR and identifying some of the key areas of research that need to be addressed to make cloud-based DSR systems more accurate, reliable, and accessible.

Urine manganese, cadmium, lead, arsenic, and selenium among autism spectrum disorder children in Kuala Lumpur.

The development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may stem from exposure to environmental pollutants such as heavy metals. The primary objective of this study is to determine the role of heavy metals of concern such as manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and essential trace element selenium (Se) among ASD children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A total of 155 preschoolers in Kuala Lumpur between the ages 3 to 6 participated in an unmatched case-control study, comprising ASD children (n=81) recruited from an early intervention program for autism, and 74 children without autism who were recruited from public preschools. Urine samples were collected at home, delivered to the study site, and transported to the environmental lab within 24 hours. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applied to measure the concentration of heavy metals in the samples. Data were analysed using bivariate statistical tests (Chi-square and T-test) and logistic regression models. This study demonstrated that Cd, Pb, and As urine levels were significantly greater in children without autism relative to those affected with ASD (p<0.05). No significant difference was in the levels of Se (p=0.659) and Mn (p=0.875) between children with ASD and the control group. The majority of children in both groups have urine As, Pb, and Cd values lower than 15.1 µg/dL, 1.0 µg/dL, and 1.0 µg/dL, respectively which are the minimal risk values for noncarcinogenic detrimental human health effect due to the heavy metal's exposure . Factors associated with having an ASD child included being a firstborn, male, and higher parental education levels (adjusted odds ratios (aOR) > 1, p<0.05). Preschoolers in this study demonstrated low levels of heavy metals in their urine samples, which was relatively lower in ASD children compared to the healthy matched controls. These findings may arise from the diminished capacity to excrete heavy metals, especially among ASD children, thereby causing further accumulation of heavy metals in the body. These findings, including the factors associated with having an ASD child, may be considered by healthcare professionals involved in child development care, for early ASD detection. Further assessment of heavy metals among ASD children in the country and interventional studies to develop effective methods of addressing exposure to heavy metals will be beneficial for future reference.

Trends of digitalization in the Chemical industry in Russia and abroad

The modern challenges of the economic development resulted in digitalization for the Chemical industry of Russia within the Industry 4.0 international concept. Among the key developing digitalization trends of the Chemical industry, the following are distinguished and discussed: big data and advanced analytics, Internet of things, simulation modeling and digital twins, blockchain technology, specialized software, augmented and virtual reality, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and machine learning, cybersecurity and data privacy, mobile applications. Though, the problem of evaluation and measuring the level of digitalization still exists, especially in the Chemical industry a number of indices for the digitalization evaluation is named. Among which the I-DESI index is suggested for the future reference at the international scale. The modern Chemical enterprises in Russia as well as in other countries use digital technologies because they increase efficiency, accelerate innovation, improve safety and create new business models in an increasingly competitive environment. Various leading chemical companies pay special attention to investments in digitalization of their production because it facilitates the sustainable development of their businesses.

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: A Hybrid ANFIS/ABC-based Online Selective Harmonic Elimination Switching Pattern for Cascaded Multi-level Inverters of Microgrids

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles A Hybrid ANFIS/ABC-based Online Selective Harmonic Elimination Switching Pattern for Cascaded Multi-level Inverters of Microgrids, by H. R. Baghaee; M. Mirsalim; G. B. Gharehpetian; H. A. Talebi; A. Niknam-Kumle, in the IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE’s Publication Principles. This authorship of this paper was revised without providing attribution to, or permission from, the coauthors of an earlier version of the manuscript. Alireza Niknam-Kumle was responsible for removing the original coauthor names and replacing them with new coauthors, and then resubmitting the content in a new manuscript to IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics Due to the nature of this violation, reasonable effort should be made to remove all past and future references to this paper. Control of electronically-coupled distributed energy resources and topology/switching strategy of power converters have the essential roles to provide high quality power for microgrids including unbalanced and nonlinear loads. Multi-level inverters (MLIs) are used to act as high quality converters with more conversion efficiency, and less switching-frequency/switching-losses. Nevertheless their nonlinearity, complexity, and solvability features of selective harmonic elimination strategy that has affected its industrial applications, it can provide desirable output waveform by keeping fundamental component in its desired value as well as eliminating/minimizing of low-order harmonics. This paper presents adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) as a switching angle estimator for harmonic optimization problem in cascade MLIs, which is trained based on the database including optimal switching angles obtained for inverter with non-equal DC sources by artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. The reliable search ability, accuracy and convergence time of ABC have been compared with particle swarm optimization algorithm. Also, performance of ANFIS is compared with artificial neural network based on correlation coefficient and root mean square error. Simulation results, experimental tests and real-time simulations reveals the effectiveness of proposed estimator for online elimination of low-order harmonics of MLIs in microgrids and its superiority over other methods.

An integrated new approach methodology for inhalation risk assessment of safe and sustainable by design nanomaterials

The production and use of nanomaterials (NMs) has increased over the last decades posing relevant questions on their risk after release and exposure of the population or sub-populations. In this context, the safe and sustainable by design (SSbD) approach framework requires to assess the potential hazard connected with intrinsic properties of the material along the whole life cycle of the NM and/or of the nano enabled products. Moreover, in the last years, the use of new advanced methodologies (NAMs) has increasingly gained attention for the use of alternative methods in obtaining relevant information on NMs hazard and risk. Considering the SSbD and the NAMs frameworks, within the ASINA H2020 project, we developed new NAMs devoted at improving the hazard and risk definition of different Ag and TiO2 NPs. The NAMs are developed considering two air liquid interface exposure systems, the Vitrocell Cloud-α and the Cultex Compact module and the relevant steps to obtain reproducible exposures are described. The new NAMs build on the integration of environmental monitoring campaigns at nano-coating production sites, allowing the quantification by the multiple-path particle dosimetry (MPPD) model of the expected lung deposited dose in occupational settings. Starting from this information, laboratory exposures to the aerosolized NPs are performed by using air liquid interface exposure equipment and human alveolar cells (epithelial cells and macrophages), replicating the doses of exposure estimated in workers by MPPD. Preliminary results on cell viability and inflammatory responses are reported. The proposed NAMs may represent possible future reference procedures for assessing the NPs inhalation toxicology, supporting risk assessment at real exposure doses.

Avifaunal diversity in the campus of Mehr Chand Mahajan DAV College for Women, Chandigarh, India

A total of 53 bird species belonging to 11 orders and 32 families of terrestrial and semi-aquatic birds were identified and recorded during the one-year study conducted during Covid-19 pandemic in the campus of Mehr Chand Mahajan DAV College for Women, Chandigarh. Out of the 53 bird species observed, 40 were resident whereas 13 were migratory with 04 summer migrants and 09 winter migrants. Maximum number of bird species was observed in the winter season with their abundance in the wooded areas. 30 species of birds were found to be protected under Schedules I, IV and V of Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. The analysis of feeding habits showed that 26 bird species were omnivorous, 12 insectivorous, 10 carnivorous, 03 frugivorous, and 02 granivorous.The survey revealed the presence of an amicable habitat in the college campus to encourage stay or visit of birds throughout the year. Regular monitoring can further aid in establishing an avian baseline data in the campus for future references.

Exploración de enfoques sustentables en la Expo de Dubái de 2020: una mezcla de diseños biofílicos y biomímesis

Dubai Expo 2020 provides an international platform for advancing innovation through meticulously curated exhibits with themes such as sustainability and cultural exchange displayed in pavilions dedicated to individual countries. This research study uses biophilic or biomimetic design strategies to assess the sustainability practices employed in a group of pavilions at the Dubai Expo 2020 that employ biophilic and/or biomimetic design strategies. Biophilic philosophy emphasizes nature-based concepts to foster positive relationships between humans and living organisms, whereas biomimicry imitates natural processes/systems for building practices. Incorporating biophilic and/or biomimetic techniques into pavilion design provides visitors with a one-of-a-kind experience while displaying explicit sustainability principles that go beyond the event's existing architectural framework guidelines. The research evaluation process includes architectural structure designs, materials used during production/creation periods, energy efficiency measurements implemented, and sustainable water management plans based on natural ecological systems. It will also evaluate the adherence of each pavilion chosen to genuine sustainability values by analyzing the incorporation of nature-based concepts into its overall design for potential future reference applications. These techniques have significant potential to improve human health, reduce environmental impact, and encourage global resiliency when implemented beyond Dubai Expo 2020. In conclusion, the research aims to inspire sustainable designs well beyond the Dubai Expo 2020 by demonstrating how biophilic or biomimetic practices are crucial facilitators in constructing spaces that maximize human welfare without endangering the environment. It is also a foundational resource for architects and urban planners committed to advancing sustainable architectural practices through future development projects prioritizing human welfare and environmental protection.

Recircumscription of Lopholejeunea sikkimensis (Lejeuneaceae: Marchantiophyta) and its varieties in India

The taxonomy of Lopholejeunea sikkimensis var. tenuicostata, L. sikkimensis var. kumaunii and L. sikkimensis var. dentata is evaluated. Based on study of numerous collections of L. sikkimensis, followed by comparison with the protologues of the varieties, we conclude that var. tenuicostata and var. kumaunii are not distinct from the typical variety. Hence both the varieties are placed here under synonymy of L. sikkimensis. Lopholejeunea sikkimensis var. dentata, however, is accepted as a distinct taxon. A detailed revised taxonomic description of L. sikkimensis is provided along with line drawing illustration and photographic plate for future identification and reference.

Optimal preview pinning control of Boolean networks

This paper investigates the problem of optimal preview pinning control for Boolean networks. The primary objective is to design efficient control strategies that leverage future reference information for improved control performance. We propose a policy iteration algorithm specifically for Boolean networks based on an augmented error system, constructed using the state augmentation technique in combination with the Exclusive-Or operator approach. The algorithm effectively optimizes control policies using future information. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

A preliminary random checklist of benthic organisms in selected lakes of west peninsular Malaysia

The freshwater ecosystem (Kelana Jaya Lake, Seremban Lake Garden and Kanching Eco Forest Park) of west Peninsular Malaysia was the focus of the study's attempt to offer a current checklist of benthic organisms. Three benthic organisms were identified in the urbanized Kelana Jaya Lake, namely the red-rim melania (Melanoides tuberculata), apple snail (Pomacea sp.), and an Odonata damselfly nymph. Four different species were identified for Seremban Lake Garden: Hydrilla verticillata, Viviparus sp., nymph of Odonata, and Macrobrachium sp. The freshwater prawn Macrobrachium was the only genus identified for Kanching Eco Forest Park. Our attempts to promote aquatic ecosystem management and conservation in Malaysia can use the checklist of benthic creatures from the freshwater ecosystems as a continuous baseline for future reference.

Retained epidural catheter: an update

The retained catheter fragment is a rare complication when performing epidural techniques. There is a paucity of studies available, with Australian data quoting an incidence of 1 in 60,000. For this article, we reviewed 36 case reports of retained epidural catheters between 1995 and 2020. The case reports found computed tomography scans to be the most reliable modality to investigate a retained epidural catheter. The decision to surgically remove or treat conservatively should be multidisciplinary with most operations involving symptomatic or long fragments. In our review, we found 25 (69.4%) reports of surgical removal, with 21 opting for immediate removal. Conservatively treated retained fragments should be monitored for neurological or infective complications. Patients should receive a follow-up plan and be educated regarding red flag symptoms to facilitate further management. For future reference, a detailed documentation of the incident, parties involved, discussions, and decisions should be made.