Future Theory Research Articles

Did “The Gnostic Heresy” Influence Valentinus? An Investigation of Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.11.1 and 1.29

Abstract This article argues (1) that there is insufficient evidence to conclude that a or the “gnostic heresy” (Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.11.1) referred to a specific social group whose theology is witnessed in Against Heresies 1.29 and (2) that the aeonology in this passage influenced Valentinus. There is no evidence that the aeonology in Against Heresies 1.29 existed prior to 160 CE, the approximate date of Valentinus’s demise; thus this material could not have shaped Valentinus’s theology. Instead of thinking with Irenaeus in terms of unidirectional influence (Irenaeus’s constructed “gnostic heresy” inspiring Valentinus/Valentinians), future theories ought to account for multiple directions of influence and entanglement between various early Christian theologians in the late second century CE.

Egy Adorno-összeállítás elé

By this compilation we celebrate Adorno’s 120th birthday. Adorno’s lecture points to the importance of criticism for a future theory of aesthetics, while Gorsen questions the narrowing of the object of aesthetics to the analysis of canonized works, stressing that art thereby loses the subversive potential to which it was attributed for the student movements. In their interpretations, the authors reconstruct Adorno’s concept of “late work” and his analysis of the culture industry, and carry out a comparative analysis of Adorno and Deleuze.

What Is The Public? A Pragmatic Analysis of a Core Concept in Public Administration

Abstract The discipline of public administration has grappled with concepts regarding the public for well over a century. Scholars from public opinion, public choice, and public value(s) have analyzed myriad elements of administration related to the public. Scholars also have applied numerous concepts from philosophical pragmatism to public administration. However, detailed explorations of the fundamental concept of the public remain surprisingly sparse. The public remains eclipsed by administration. In this essay, I analyze the concept of the public focusing on the works of John Dewey. Viewed through this lens, publics emerge when social interaction generates unreglated effects on communities that respond by organizing collective or state action, a process which I refer to as the realization of the pragmatic public. I juxtapose the theory with multiple extant literature on public administration, including public choice, transaction costs, and public value(s). I identify consistencies and inconsistencies to provide a pluralistic yet coherent framework in the hope of revealing points of departure for future theory development. Finally, I reframe and extend the pragmatic public by applying the insights of contemporary scholarship in networks and complexity theory.

We Have Never Been Modern (Enough)

Abstract This article offers a philosophical-political commentary of Jason Ā. Josephson Storm’s Metamodernism: The Future of Theory (2021). We welcome Josephson Storm’s integrated interdisciplinary distillation and ambitious ethico-political perspective, but we also point out the necessity to go further in the cross-disciplinary theoretical effort to rebuild a post-postmodernist academia. In particular, we identify the very modern/postmodern dialectic as problematic, and we contend that a materialist philosophy able to rethink politics and non-human agency through all the sciences would better serve the project. We also highlight how the metamodernist project might benefit from the adoption of a Simondonian approach insofar as the conceptualisation of both biology and technology is concerned. Finally, we end with a plea for an ongoing vigilance of the material conditions of possibility that support cutting-edge inter- and cross-disciplinary research, for they are fragile and need institutional and societal support.

The Contribution of Non-Malay Architects to the Development of National Architecture Identity in Malaysia

The idea of adapting Malay traditional architectural values has been gazetted as one of the resolutions for National Architecture Identity as presented in ‘Seminar Ke Arah Identiti Kebangsaan Dalam Seni Bina’ in 1981. The resolution heavily influenced the adaptation of traditional Malay architecture, motives, and artefact onto modern architecture as a form to inculcate a singular and united national identity. A lot of research and documentation on good and meaningful architecture embracing the ideals of National architecture identity through the worldview and perspectives of Malay scholars and architects have been documented through books, journals, magazines and extensively discussed during seminars, symposiums, and discourses. Ironically, the contributions of Non-Malay architects adapting Malay symbolism to enunciate or articulate national pride and identity, either due to policies or interest, are minimally discussed and highlighted. This publication attempted to document the contributions of non-Malay architects to the national architecture identity construct. It is crucial to shape future philosophies, theories, criticisms, and thoughts on the overall built environment in developing a comprehensive construct of national architectural identity that does not necessarily rely on ethnocentric criteria based on a single race dominance. The research allows us to expand and progress the local architecture narrative by including diverse voices and thoughts, especially of those who have contributed extensively in the eras of nation-building. This inclusive and diverse input will, in turn, inform and expand the discourse of national identity and unity.

Fluid dynamics analysis for a production line

Magnetic filters are used on companies for mass flux and volume flux values that helps to cover day-to-day production. This work begins describing the problem of magnetic filters fractures as industrial interest. A brief description of how magnetic filters must work on application, according to requirements on process line. On next sections is possible to find the explaining of structural fracture and mistakes on the design or data sheet usually not considered on guaranteed policy. Are mentioned more than one math modeling, taking the simplest to show the effective value of maximum pressure tolerated on magnetic filters differs from estimated for controlled conditions. Solutions shown on the article are a first approach of a future general model theory that could explain how applied science works on a factory where there is no time to stop production. This work relates math model and some values on application, meaning both the project hypothesis modeling on factories requirements for their equipment. Results depict volume, velocity, density, and pipeline relation to the pressure increase over the values on data sheet from quality department tests. Conclusions describe the connection of the math model analysis and with real situations on the application or possible structural damage. And its relationship with the proper function of magnetic filters for the purpose of lifespan analysis on future works. This work is a proof that on few weeks, companies can have a solution for their problems letting them to buy some time to avoid any future issue.

Leadership Emergence: Answering the “How” and “Why” Questions by Considering Levels of Analysis and Form of Emergence

Leadership emergence is an inherently dynamic process whereby certain individuals come to be seen as leaders by others, some of whom will choose to follow them. The circumstances under which leadership emergence occurs depend on the persons involved, their interactions, and the context. Yet leadership research has too often viewed leadership emergence from a static and entity perspective, where some individuals are assumed to have qualities that predispose them to lead, without explaining how and why emergence occurs. Alternatively, we apply a typology that examines leadership emergence across levels of analysis (event, individual, dyadic, group, and organizational) and forms of emergence (global, compositional, and compilational). We examine representative theories of leadership emergence at the intersections of these considerations to demonstrate the utility of adopting a multilevel and dynamic perspective. Additionally, we offer recommendations for applying this typology to advance future theory and research into leadership emergence.

Are active and passive social media use related to mental health, wellbeing, and social support outcomes? A meta-analysis of 141 studies

Abstract The relationships between active (e.g., creating content) and passive (e.g., scrolling) social media (SM) use (SMU) and mental health, wellbeing, and social support outcomes have received significant attention, yet findings have been mixed. We conducted a meta-analysis of 141 studies (N ≈ 145,000) containing 897 effect sizes (ESs) between active and passive SMU and 13 outcomes. Most ESs were negligible (|r| < .10), with the exception of between-person associations for active SMU and greater online support (r = .34), wellbeing (r = .15), positive affect (r = .11), and symptoms of anxiety (r = .12), and passive SMU and greater online support (r = .15). Moderator analyses revealed that passive use was associated with worse emotional outcomes in general SM contexts, but not in the context of SM groups. User age also emerged as an important contextual factor. Implications for future research, theory development, and healthy SMU are discussed.

Pulling the field out of a “One Variable, One Role” mindset: maximizing the theoretical value of interaction terms in communication’s mediation models

Abstract Recent analytical work reveals the need to assess mediated interactions (independent variable-by-mediator multiplicative terms) in mediation models to ensure the proper reporting of indirect effects. Besides their analytical value, mediated interactions can aid theory development. This study adds a theoretical support structure to this emergent analytical imperative and provides a theory-driven decision tree for incorporating mediated interactions into communication models. More broadly, mediated interactions are used as a basis to encourage the field to move beyond a “one variable, one role” approach to model building. Monte Carlo simulations reflecting common communication research practices were constructed and 1,920,000 datasets were analyzed to reveal the relative upsides and minimal risk incurred from assessing mediated interactions. In addition, the analyses elucidate the downsides incurred from not exploring these relationships when they are present in a population. The implications of these findings for future research and theory development are explored.

Social media theory in public relations: A curation of a neglected topic in public relations research

Social media has emerged as a very popular topic in public relations research but building social media theory seems to have been almost neglected. In this curation, we explore recent attempts to develop social media theory in public relations while focusing on the various characteristics and conceptualizations of research. We explore recent theoretical work published in Public Relations Review that features theoretical perspectives of social media. This curation offers a thematic analysis of the current research initiatives. We also specify potential future directions in theory building and discuss how future theory public relations development and refinement should address social media.

Paternal peripartum depression: emerging issues and questions on prevention, diagnosis and treatment. A consensus report from the cost action Riseup-PPD

ABSTRACT Introduction Paternal peripartum depression (P-PPD) is a serious and understudied public health problem associated with impaired family functioning and child development. The lack of recognition of P-PPD may result in limited access to both information and professional help. Objective The aim of the study was to review studies on paternal peripartum depression and to identify issues and questions where future research and theory formation are needed. Methods A literature search for systematic reviews, meta-analyses and primary studies was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Medline, PsychInfo and Informit databases. Key results within the retrieved articles were summarised and integrated to address the review objectives. Results Based on the literature, the knowledge related to prevalence, screening, risk factorsunique to fathers, management strategies and outcomes of P-PPD is lacking. Currently, there is no consensual understanding of the definition of P-PPD and recommendations for dealing with P-PPD. Limited data were available regarding the barriers preventing fathers from accessing support systems. Conclusion Emerging issues that need to be addressed in future research include: P-PPD definition and pathogenetic pathways; prevention strategies and assessment tools; self-help seeking and engagement with interventions; the cost-effectiveness of P-PPD management; needs of health professionals; effect on child development, and public awareness. Future studies and clinical practice should account the complexities that may arise from the father’s perceptions of health care services. Results from this review highlights the critical issues on how to plan, provide and resource health services, to meet the health needs of fathers.

Doing What We Do Best: Advancing Business Communication Instruction Into the Future With an Agenda for Training and Development

Instruction about teaching business communication skills has been a long-established tradition in the communication discipline. Recent trends in teaching communication training and development extend a long-held emphasis on business communication skill instruction. Given the classical roots of the communication discipline and the current focus on communication skill instruction, this article suggests that future communication theory and research should focus greater attention on behavioral learning outcomes—specifically communication training. This review identifies relevant communication theory that informs a renewed research agenda focused on enhancing behavioral learning outcomes. In proposing this research agenda, we discuss opportunities to apply our current knowledge of intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, public, organizational, mediated, and intercultural communication to advance the discipline through theoretically driven research about business communication skills.

Can leaders enhance followers' psychological capital? A framework to support leader–member exchange for sustainable organizations

PurposeServant leadership suggests that leaders should focus on the betterment and psychological needs of their followers at work. However, little is known about the relationships among servant leadership, leader–member exchange (LMX) and psychological capital (PsyCap) in the field of education. The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework on the mediating role of LMX in the relationship between servant leadership and followers' PsyCap based on theory and previous empirical research, particularly in the context of higher education.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the purpose of the study, a review of literature was conducted to develop a conceptual framework.FindingsFindings suggested that servant leadership can positively influence followers' PsyCap via the mediating effect of LMX.Originality/valueBy positing that servant leadership affects followers' PsyCap via LMX in the context of higher education, this paper's framework lays a strong foundation for the expansion of the servant leadership knowledge base as well as for future theory development and debate.

The Use of Theories in Competitive Intelligence: a Systematic Literature Review

The field of competitive intelligence is growing as organisations are looking to increase their competitive advantage in a global society. As this field grows, so does the research and academic literature on this practice. While theory that specifically focuses on competitive intelligence may be limited, theories from other popular and related fields such as management and psychology have been used to explain or guide some the popular competitive intelligence processes with the competitive intelligence cycle. This paper attempts to lay a foundation of relevant theory from previously published literature on competitive intelligence by mapping these theories against the six identified competitive intelligences processes.
 The qualitative approach used to achieve this was a literature analysis, involving thematic analysis through a process of coding. The resulting consolidation and processing of these theories led to the development of a useful framework from which other current and future theories can be added, paving the way for further theory development in the field of competitive intelligence.

Similar, but Different: Gender Differences in Working Time Arrangements and the Work–Life Interface

Gender inequities can be partly traced back to gender differences in working time arrangements. In fact, it is established knowledge that women as compared to men are more (less) likely to work part-time (overtime). Based on social role theory, however, we also expect gender differences among part-time and overtime workers, such that women and men differ in why they work part-time or overtime. In a preregistered and highly powered study conducted in Germany (N = 3,844–17,361, depending on the analysis), we observed that, on average, women were more likely than men to work part-time (i.e., fewer than 35 hours per week) because of personal or family obligations. Moreover, in comparison to men, women were less likely to work overtime (i.e., at least two hours per week) to attain additional income, but more likely to work overtime to step in for colleagues. Altogether, people had “gendered” reasons to work certain hours. Furthermore, as people’s paid working time arrangements are intertwined with their lives outside of the workplace, we examined women’s and men’s work–life interface and observed that women (as compared to men) deemed it less acceptable to be available for work-related issues during leisure time. We discuss implications for future theorizing and for practitioners who aim to design work schedules that consider the different lived experiences of women and men.

Translingual practice as a representation of heritage languages and regional identities in multilingual society

AbstractBy drawing attention to the translingual practices in Malaysian Mandarin (MM), this study uses lexical variations as an analytical lens through which the changes in linguistic dimensions can be viewed from a social perspective. We present translingual practice as a communicative, rather than a pedagogical, resource that has broader applied relevance in multilingual society. Two findings are presented. First, we elaborate on how MM is interwoven with translingual words of various heritage languages (HLs)/dialects and major/powerful languages; second, we examine how translingual words varied from or standardised towards Standard Mandarin (SM) over time, by HL and in place/region. We argue that intersection with competing levelling pressures reflects not only a “standardisation” process at schools/in society but can be further interpreted as the decline of local translingual practices and local sounds, suggesting the risk of losing rich ethnic and regional heritage and identities. By giving a voice to marginalised HL speakers, this study goes beyond the description of an unstudied/understudied research site or linguistic phenomenon, implying important aspects of power and inequality and a subtle resistance against dominant policies/discourses. This could be salient for advancing future studies and theories to address efforts in advocating critical language awareness and inclusive policies.

A systematic review on political ideology and persuasion

AbstractIncreasing political polarization in the United States and worldwide necessitates understanding of the key factors that can help shift different political groups' attitudes and behaviors regarding vital issues. In this article, we provide a systematic review of the research literature on political ideology and persuasion. By organizing the literature at three levels (self, social, and system), we propose an organizing framework for thinking about various persuasive factors that can encourage attitude and behavior change among conservatives and liberals. Our review highlights that considering the three levels at which persuasion operates can guide future theory and research, as well as provide practical tools for marketers and policymakers wishing to decrease ideological extremity and foster attitude and behavior change across both sides of the political divide.

A bibliometric analysis deconstructing research on how cognitive technologies affects man-machine collaboration.

This paper addresses knowledge work challenges relating to emerging cognitive technologies. The field of research addressing artificial intelligence (AI), and related topics, is rapidly increasing. However, despite this emerging interest, the currently body of published research remains complex and unstructured. In particular, it remains to be understood how these technologies is implemented and cause changes in man-machine collaboration. To inform this issue, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of extant literature on AI and man-machine collaboration to take stock of extant published research in order to provide a foundation upon which both future theory and practice can be built. We based our analysis of an exhaustive structured literature search of published academic research in Web of Science (WoS) until 2020. Using the keywords digi* AND transform* OR artificial intelligence, 8 728 articles were identified. The bibliometric analysis enabled us first to identify 202 relevant articles published within the fields of business and management, and subsequently to further narrowing our scope to 25 core contributions using bibliometric coupling. A content analysis of these 25 articles revealed that whereas there is a lot of attention to the technological complexities related to the emerging cognitive technologies, there is to date limited empirical descriptions of the consequences for individuals, organizations or value creation of adopting these technologies. Our study identifies four important dimensions of man-machine collaboration; Knowledge worker, Organization, Market, and Society. Moreover, our findings reveal extant research is inconclusive with respect to the forces affecting these dimensions as different authors record both proactive forces and constraining forces associated with each of the four dimensions. Our contribution, as well as, the identification of a core canon of relevant research articles provides a foundation upon which future research and practice can be built by identifying core dimension and the forces acting upon them.

Fundamentals of the Phenomenological Theory of Earthquakes

Phenomenology is a unity of principles and methods for investigating the essence of phenomena. This article is a brief review of a series of works carried out by the authors over the past ten years. The general thrust of the works is that phenomenological ideas of physics are used to analyze earthquakes. A perfect model of phenomenological theory is thermodynamics. Maxwell’s electrodynamics is also a perfect example of phenomenological theory. Earthquake phenomenology is still far from reaching that level. In the system of rational knowledge of geodynamics, we have so far reached the status of a preliminary view of the subject, methods, and tasks of the future phenomenological theory of earthquakes. Nevertheless, already at this stage it is clearly visible the perspective of the proposed approach to the construction of the theory. The article shows by concrete examples that it is useful to use phenomenological representations of general physics when searching for the bases of the theory and when processing and analyzing specific manifestations of seismicity.

Turbulence of the Fin-de-siècle: Arts Through the Looking-Glass of Intermediality

This paper addresses the fin-de-siècle period as a time when most of what are called intermedial processes, that is to say, those processes that arbitrate aesthetic design at the intersection between different media, began to play a substantial role in the production of cultural artifacts. The epoch is investigated through the prism of intermediality, which manifested itself as a valuable tool in the development of the arts and media, particularly after the birth of photography and cinematography. These intermedial processes fostered a media-based creative experimentation that culminated in the modernist and postmodernist movements. The role of intermediality in the fin-de-siècle, particularly in light of the syncretic processes it originated, is considered as an aftereffect of the tumultuous events of the time, which in a way acted as a stimulus for this new-fangled aesthetics. The paper concludes that the turbulence that characterizes this epoch, as well as the diffusion of new artistic and philosophical movements, impacted the development of mixed (intermedial) arts, stimulated their growth and activated the exploration of intermedial forms and genres in all the arts. This is the era of mass publishing and the growth of literacy rates, an era that laid the foundations for future theories on intertextuality and the idea of the work of art as an inclusive “canvas” inside of which all media have a place.