Fundamental Education Research Articles

Reviewing the Inconsistencies between Education and Employment in Turkey through Development Plans

This study's primary goal is to reveal the inconsistencies between education and employment in Turkey through five-year development plans. Document review is carried out for eleven development plans prepared between 1963 and 2019. Development plans were chosen because they demonstrate the state's fundamental education and employment policies and comparatively review the current situation and future objectives. These documents were also used to describe the era in which they were created. Firstly, the pre-planned period is briefly reviewed. Afterward, the author concentrates on the general characteristics of the planned period within the framework of development plans. After reviewing the education and employment policies in the development plans, the statements demonstrating the inconsistencies between education and employment are revealed. Consequently, it is observed that the Turkish state's economic and political approaches have changed over the years, but the inconsistencies between education and employment persist until today.

Utility of extended matching questions as an assessment tool in homoeopathic education

Objectives: Extended matching questions (EMQ) is a written assessment tool used in western countries to assess clinical diagnostic thinking; it examines whether the student can apply classroom learning to similar clinical scenarios in practice. The use of this tool has shown good results. This study aimed to determine the utility of EMQ in Homoeopathic postgraduate students to assess knowledge about core topics in homoeopathic philosophy. Material and Methods: The tool was used in the module of miasms with Part 1 Homoeopathic Postgraduate students during their Advanced Teaching of Fundamentals of Homoeopathy sessions wherein a case-based approach is used to teach the core subjects of Homoeopathy (Homeopathic philosophy, Materia Medica, Repertory) with Clinical Medicine. These sessions are part of the curriculum for the MD (Hom) course Part 1. The module of miasms was chosen for this study. The pathogenesis and travel of disease pathology on the soil of miasm were the grounds used for assessing students. The students were asked to solve the same EMQ caselets before and after the classroom session with the expectation that they would extend their learning from class to similar scenario in caselets (post-session). Both answer sheets were scored and statistical testing (paired t-test) was applied. Results: There was a significant change in the P value for the EMQ on the Tubercular miasm. The scoring of the tests for the other miasms was influenced by various variables which were not attended to and so later affected the scoring of the pre and post-tests. Conclusion: EMQ as an assessment tool goes beyond simple recall and memorisation. It covers analysis, evaluation and synthesis (higher domains of Bloom’s taxonomy). It can be used as an assessment tool for Homoeopathic students. The students need to be explained the relevance of the exercise comprehensively. Extension of learning is possible from the classroom to other similar scenarios which can be assessed.

Simulation-Based Education Implementation in Pharmacy Curriculum: A Review of the Current Status.

Simulation-based education (SBE) is a fundamental teaching method that complements traditional teaching modalities. SBE has improved students’ knowledge, understanding, and numerous essential skills within undergraduate pharmacy education, similar to traditional teaching methods. However, SBE has become crucial for developing students’ teamwork, decision-making, and communication skills. Even though the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) has acknowledged the benefit of SBE in interprofessional education (IPE) and the introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE). This article provides evidence that SBE can be effective beyond that. This narrative review is focused on the literature related to SBE modalities and the assessment methods of student learning outcomes in the undergraduate pharmacy curriculum. The review illustrates that SBE is an effective teaching method that could be utilized within the pharmacy curriculum. The review also could help pharmacy educators decide on the best modality and placement of integrating patient simulation within the pharmacy curriculum. Combining multiple simulation techniques may be the best way to achieve the desired student learning outcomes.

EDUCATION RETURNS AMID THE EMPLOYED AND THE SELF-EMPLOYED SECTORS: AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN’S ECONOMY

The primary function of this cram is to approximate possessions of education on income in Pakistan. The ARDL approach is functional for estimating the long-run and short-run association among the variables using annual data from 1980-2020. Apart from considering levels of education, factors such as income, secondary, tertiary, agriculture, and industry are contained in this paper. The consequences illustrate that charge of revisit in Pakistan is elevated and optimistic, particularly at the higher schooling level. There is also an essential indication of wage differential because the elevated rank of schooling will be the income of individuals in Pakistan. By industrial measures, we recommend that workers expect the maximum profits, in communal, personal, and then freelance workers. This teaching revisits an explanation in favor of the current behavior in enrollments. Hence, rising communal asset on the way to promote improved presence in fundamental teaching is not acceptable lying based on personal competence, except reserves to enhance education features to contain high confidential profits. Using high personal profits for postsecondary training, pupils in this stage must instruct how to regain supplementary of the civic expenses of teaching, which might be distributed differently to deprived ancestry throughout allowance. In this ARDL approach, we find that Agri, Sec_, and Sec_Gr have a negative relationship with income, while the other variables such as Ind, Sec_Ger, and Ter_Gr have a positive relationship with income. Keywords: Education, ARDL Approach, Income, Agriculture, Industry, Secondary

Budaya Longko As a Character Building of Student Speech

In order to develop or train students' characters through introduction and character development in the fundamental education, the Longko culture must be effectively utilized. One example is the application of speaking with older people as elementary school students or as adults when speaking or interacting with seniors. Utilize standard vocabulary to make yourself understood in conversations. The deskriptiv-qualitative methodology used in this study. The methodology used to analyze the data using Miles and Huberman's model consists of data collection, data reduction, data visualization, and the identification and verification of conclusions.

Ernst Brücke and Sigmund Freud: Physiological roots of psychoanalysis

ABSTRACT Ernst Brücke was one of the most influential figures in Sigmund Freud’s life and work. Freud studied under him for around six years during his student years, and he never turned his back on Brücke’s fundamental teachings. Brücke was a member of the strictly materialist and reductionist movement called the School of Helmholtz. This article will interpret how this physiological movement influenced Freud’s psychoanalysis and how its understanding of science was embedded in Freud’s theory. For this purpose, I will focus on the relationship between Brücke and Freud, and then will demonstrate how Brücke’s influence appears in Freud’s psychoanalytical theory. Despite the common practice of evaluating Project for a Scientific Psychology as the last attempt of Freud’s physiological commitment, I will take Freud’s ontology and epistemology as a product of his interaction with Ernst Brücke. In this conjunction, I will discuss psychoanalysis’s essential physiological and neurological components, such as the conservation of energy, the principle of constancy, the pleasure principle, and dual-aspect monism. For this purpose, I will apply the methodology of Randall Collins, the so-called sociology of philosophy. This method allows us to analyze personal contacts between master and pupil and the results of this interaction. This method will help to demonstrate why Brücke’s influence was more prevalent in Freud’s psychoanalysis than any other neuroscientific master of Freud.

Advance Teaching of Fundamentals of Homoeopathy (ATFH): Redefining Competency Based Approach.

Advance Teaching of Fundamentals of Homoeopathy (ATFH): Redefining Competency Based Approach.

Comparing Community Needs and REDD+ Activities for Capacity Building and Forest Protection in the Équateur Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo

Primary forests are essential ecosystems that can play a key role in mitigating climate change. REDD+ is designed to help countries and communities secure benefits for avoiding deforestation but has faced significant implementation challenges. There are substantial potential benefits for REDD+ in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), where shifting agriculture is the major cause of deforestation. However, implementation requires significant capacity building in a number of sectors and at a number of levels. This paper explores how well the capacity building activities within the DRC REDD+ strategy are aligned with the capacity needs identified by provincial government stakeholders and local communities in the Équateur province of the DRC, identified through workshops and surveys. The research suggests that while many technical capacity needs identified by stakeholders could be potentially addressed by the REDD+ strategy, there are number of systemic capacity needs that are unlikely to be addressed. Failure to address these needs risks undermining any implementation of REDD+. The results suggest that education and training in governance and management, as well as fundamental education in sustainability, are key capacity needs that REDD+ may need to incorporate. The results also provide further evidence that REDD+ projects need to be long-term and take into account the local context and needs in order to be effective.

Identification of viable theoretical (psycho-pedagogical and theological) landmarks for a religious education anchored in contemporaneity

The beauty of Romanian spirituality is the result of the unity between school and Church, of their collaboration in time, both having the same source - the Savior Jesus Christ, and the same fundamental teaching - His Gospel. We currently feel the influence of a world in full process of secularization, and which deeply affects the Romanian school, which tends distance itself from the Church, being pushed towards an autonomy from God. But a school that excludes God, cannot shape Christian lives. It can facilitate their access to the most modern pedagogical methods and tools, to help them specialize in various fields of science, it can provide optimal conditions for them to stand out, but without God there is a risk of becoming humans without strong roots and without a clear direction. If through science and technology man has over time gained power and control over the outside world, in the absence of God he will remain powerless when having to face inner problems. Therefore, if he turns away from the Church and Christ, the school will no longer be in the service of good, beauty, truth, because only inside our savior Jesus Christ one can find the basis of identifying these values, He is being the supreme reason that was imprinted in His creation, and only through Him will the world be able to aspire to the Absolute. The contemporary society must be open to the process of institutionalized religious education, education that contributes to the full formation of man, to responsibly involving him in active life and in the social side, also legitimized by the guarantee of an integral general culture, as a mandatory component part of the civic and solidarity behavior.

Experimenting with a global panacea: UNESCO’s Fundamental Education programme in China, 1945–1950

The United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) was set up in the aftermath of World War II with the mandate of safeguarding global peace by promoting international intellectual cooperation across national boundaries. UNESCO’s first flagship educational initiative, launched in 1946, was the Fundamental Education programme, which ran until 1958. This article traces the role of China in the history of this UNESCO project, both in terms of inspiring the initial concept and in terms of piloting it. The author maps out a transnational network of concepts, ideas, people, institutions, funds, etc. that shaped the programme. Informed by scientific experimental methodology, the design of UNESCO’s ambitious Fundamental Education initiative was to implement long-term, systematic and comprehensive schemes addressing illiteracy, public health, civil education and livelihood, etc. While the actors collaborating in this project shared some beliefs, their group as a whole reflected a divergent ideational spectrum, represented multiple interest groups, and was intertwined with both local and international politics. In the case of the interventions designed for piloting in China, these circumstances, as well as the multiple challenges of post-World War II reconstruction, the Chinese civil war and the Cold War had the effect of reducing the original concept to a small snapshot pilot project, limited to a specific subject (“the healthy village”). The article concludes with a consideration of the historical legacy of the cooperation between UNESCO and China in later decades.

From the Competence Model of a Specialist Engineer to STEAM Education, or … Going Ahead to the Past?

Cognitive and value dissonances of the modern world, as well as the shifting balance in the “Technology-nature-society-man” system cause the need to rethink key development strategies, determine the guidelines that education should be guided by in order to be able to respond to the growing global challenges of modernity. The special acuteness of the modern formulation of this problem is due to the new format of the geopolitical life of the Russian Federation and the associated restructuring of many social institutions of the country, in particular, science and education.The article raises the question of the leading paradigm of domestic engineering education, considered in the prism of a specialist-engineer model that meets the requirements of the modern stage of society.Education standards have changed dramatically and repeatedly in their target characteristics over the past twenty years. The article considers the features of the competence model of specialist presented in the modern version of the Federal State Educational Standards of higher education (FSES HE). It is shown that the existing version of FSES does not fully meet the requirements for specialists in the modern world. In addition to highly professional knowledge and skills, future engineers need contextual, meta-professional and soft knowledge and skills for life and successful professional activity.World practice shows that one of the promising areas of training engineers is a project-oriented approach, which emphasizes the practical orientation of higher education. The authors have shown that the recognized international standards of engineering education in the fields of technology, natural and applied sciences (CDIO, STEM education) basically coincide with the world-known and repeatedly tested “Russian method of training engineers”, integrating broad fundamental education in the field of natural sciences and humanities and technological practice at advanced innovative enterprises. This experience which has already given the world great engineers and adapted at the same time to the modern technological capabilities of its transmission can become a fulcrum in a transitive world.

LABOUR COMPENSATION STRATEGIES/PRACTICES OF MARITIME INDUSTRY-DISCUSSION ON CRITICAL CASES

This study would be significant, especially for Trade Unions and shipping lines, and to make newcomer professionals more aware of the nature and alternatives available for labour compensation. This paper contributes to readers’ empirical and practice insights on maritime labour, law and professional practices, including management issues and implications. In addition, professionals involved in maritime labour matters like maritime lawyers, mediators, Insurance professionals and Trade Unions. Practically, this paper is structured as a teaching case study. It provides case-related descriptions, industry practices, legislative frameworks, and fundamental teaching rights facilitating as a teaching material, especially for domains on labour tribunals, maritime law, and labour compensation in related human resource aspects. The following objectives were taken into consideration in this teaching case study paper: to follow and assess the gaps where legislation has to meet to receive compensation for seafarer families; to create awareness of the current situation regarding compensation; to determine the future recommendations to make Union work more strategic. This teaching case study would observe the gap between the legislation and what is occurring in the practical scenario after seafarer recruitment during compensation policies. To present this case study, several relevant institutions, programs and scientific research were considered to increase union efficiency. The main conclusion of this paper highlights the importance of the union and the other programs, policies and strategies that should be adopted to make awareness of these issues.

Chair of Physical and Technical Informatics of the Physics Department at Novosibirsk State University

The Chair of Physics and Technology of the Physics Department trains specialists in the field of software and hardware for physical experiments, storage, and processing of information. The program of the courses involves the study of programming methods, information technologies and hardware for experimental installations in addition to fundamental education in physics and mathematics, which all students of the physics department of NSU receive. The graduates of the chair are specialists in the field of information technology with universal general physical training.

A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ENGLISH AND INDONESIAN COPULATIVE VERBS

This research aims at determining the similarities, dissimilarities, and possible learning difficulties faced by the students learning English and Indonesian copulative verbs, as well as the recommendations to TEFL. The descriptive research design was used. The documentation technique was applied to collect the data. To analyze the data, the researchers used a descriptive analysis. The results showed that there were two similarities between English and Indonesian copulative verbs in meanings and dynamic verb. The three dissimilarities were in grammatical structure, tense on subject-verb agreement and certain verbs. The possible learning difficulties faced by the students learning English and Indonesian copulative verbs was tense and subject-verb agreement. The recommendations of this research was as a fundamental teaching guidance in helping English teachers design a better teaching Grammar on copulative verbs, in terms of nonverbal copulative nominal, stative copulative nominal and dynamic copulative nominal.

Fundamental Approach to University Education and Training of IT Professionals

The paper is devoted to education and training of professionals in the IT field in classical universities in the context of the implementation of the Federal Project “Human Resources for the Digital Economy” of the National Program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”. The general approach, goals and content of fundamental education and specialized training of Bachelors, Masters and PhD-holders to complex, innovative and research activities have been determined. The structure of Bachelor, Master and PhD programs of the Institute of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science of Tomsk State University modernized on the basis of the above approach, is presented. The paper pays special attention to the training of T-Shaped specialists in IT in classical universities, dwells on the fundamental education of IT specialists. The results of the coordination of programs with employers and students are given.

The Profile of Students’ Basic Teaching Skills Through Blended Learning in Microteaching Courses During Covid-19 Pandemic

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, prospective elementary school teachers must be able to teach both online and offline using a blended learning model. The purpose of this study is to examine the fundamental teaching skills of prospective elementary school teachers in the Microteaching course. This study used qualitative descriptive method. The subjects were students of the Primary School Teacher Education Study Program in University of Nahdlatul Ulama Sidoarjo who programmed Microteaching courses. The data were collected using observations with a performance assessment rubric. Observations were conducted in two stages: first, when students practiced online teaching, secondly, when they practiced offline teaching. The results showed that online teaching skills obtained an average score of 84.71, while offline teaching skills obtained an average score of 85,78. Hence, prospective elementary school teacher students in the blended learning model received an overall score of 85,24, meaning that they were categorized as very good category

Automatic Classification of Basic Nursing Teaching Resources Based on the Fusion of Multiple Neural Networks

Automatic classification is one of the hot topics in the field of information retrieval and natural language processing, but it still faces many problems to be solved. The classic automated classification approach has a sluggish classification speed and poor processing accuracy for resources with a large quantity of data. Based on this, an automated classification approach based on the integration of various neural networks for fundamental nursing teaching materials was presented. The automatic classification method of teaching resources was designed by extracting the characteristics of teaching resources, establishing the model of multiple neural network integration, and designing the classification index of basic nursing teaching resources. The experimental findings suggest that this technique has higher chi-square test parameters and better outcomes for the automated classification of large instructional materials than the classic rough set automatic classification method.

PENDIDIKAN AKHLAKUL KARIMAH BERBASIS KARAKTER MELALUI PENDEKATAN TEORI EKOLOGI BRONFENBRENNER

Moral education is a fundamental education that must be fulfilled in all generations of the nation because it determines the quality of a nation in the future, at this time along with the development of the era in the digital information era, the phenomenon of dishonorable actions such as the courage of children to parents, lack of courtesy, courtesy, brawls, theft, and mischief of other children. One of the triggering factors for this to happen is the low quality of morals that become a character, the effect of moral and character education is carried out partially, not through a holistic approach. The theory of developmental ecology is one of the theories that describes character-based education, the theory adheres to three systems, namely; microsystems, ecosystems and macrosystems

Prediction of the Academic Achievement of Pupils Using Data Mining Techniques

Introduction: During this epidemic, a problem in fundamental education affecting all globe is occurring, and we note that education and learning were online and conducted in students. Academic performance of students must be forecast, so that the instructor may better identify the missing pupils and offer teachers a proactive opportunity to develop additional resources for the student to maximize their chances of graduation. Students' academic achievement in higher learning (EH) has been extensively studied in addressing academic inadequacies, rising drop-out rates, graduation delays, and other difficult questions. Simply said, the performance of students refers to the amount to which short and long-term educational objectives are met. Academics nonetheless judge student achievement from different viewpoints, from grades, average grade points (GPAs) to prospective jobs. The literature encompasses numerous computing attempts to improve student performance in schools and colleges, primarily through data mining and analysis learning. However, the efficiency of current smart techniques and models is still unanimous. Method: This study employs multiple methods for machine learning to forecast student progress. With its accurate data sample prediction, five integrated classification algorithms have been created to forecast students' academic success (support vectors, decision-making trees algorithm and perceptron algorithm, logistic regression algorithm and a random forest algorithm). Results: Students' academic achievement has been reviewed and assessed. The performance of five learning machines mentioned in Section 4 is discussed here. First, we displayed the data after pre-processing by simply displaying distributions to form the data packet and then evaluated 5 important learning methods and described the variables in the data set. The entire series of 480 characteristics were examined.

Effectiveness of virtual teaching of diagnostic and interventional imaging fundamentals to Egyptian medical students: an analytical cross-sectional study

BackgroundThere is a worldwide deficit in teaching and training in the field of radiology for undergraduate medical students. This educational gap is prominent in many medical schools as most radiology curricula are a part of other specialty trainings, usually provided by non-radiologists. After COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increased trend in online education. However, questions have been raised about the efficacy and acceptance of online education. We developed a course on the principles of radiology and medical imaging basics to target Egyptian medical students. We then assessed the impact of these educational videos through several online surveys. Our "The Principles of Radiology Online Course" was delivered to students at various Egyptian medical schools; it was a prerecorded series composed of nine sessions, and each session followed the sequence of a pre-test, video, and post-test. There was a final survey to assess the overall feedback. Finally, we analyzed the results to give insight onto how teaching radiology through online lectures can help build better physicians.ResultsAmong various medical schools around Egypt, 1396 Egyptian medical students joined this cohort. Cohort population percentage was 56% female and 44% male. Ninety-eight percent of the students agreed that this program increased their understanding of radiology. Eighty-four percent of the students found the platform friendly and easy to use. Seventy-nine percent found these webinars were more convenient compared to in-person education. Statistical significance (p-value < 0.05) was achieved in all sessions after comparing students’ pre and post-test scores, and in students’ confidence and knowledge level before and after the course.ConclusionsRadiology is an underrepresented subject for a lot of medical students. Online radiology webinars have proven to be a promising method of teaching medical students key medical imaging concepts. An online course of radiology basics and principles can help improve a medical student’s knowledge and enhance overall future patient care.