Fundamental Physical Characteristics Research Articles

ALMA-IMF. XVI: Mass-averaged temperature of cores and protostellar luminosities in the ALMA-IMF protoclusters

The ALMA-IMF Large Program imaged 15 massive protoclusters down to a resolution of sim 2 kau scales, identifying about $10^3$ star-forming cores. The mass and luminosity of these cores, which are fundamental physical characteristics, are difficult to determine, a problem greatly exacerbated at the distances ge 2 kpc of ALMA-IMF protoclusters. We combined new datasets and radiative transfer modeling to characterize these cores. We estimated their mass-averaged temperature and the masses these estimates imply. For one-sixth of the sample, we measured the bolometric luminosities, implementing deblending corrections when necessary. We used spectral energy distribution (SED) analysis obtained with the point process mapping ( Bayesian procedure, which aims to preserve the best angular resolution of the input data. We extrapolated the luminosity and dust temperature images provided by at $2.5 resolution to estimate those of individual cores, which were identified at higher angular resolution. To do this, we applied approximate radiative transfer relationships between the luminosity of a protostar and the temperature of its surrounding envelope and between the external heating of prestellar cores and their temperatures. For the first time, we provide data-informed estimates of dust temperatures for 883 cores identified with ALMA-IMF: 17--31 K and 28--79 K (5th and 95th percentiles, up to 127 K) for the 617 prestellar and 266 protostellar cores, respectively. We also measured protostellar luminosities spanning $20-80\,000 Dust temperatures previously estimated from SED-based analyses at a comparatively lower resolution validate our method. For hot cores, on the other hand, we estimated systematically lower temperatures than studies based on complex organic molecules. We established a mass-luminosity evolutionary diagram, for the first time at the core spatial resolution and for a large sample of intermediate- to high-mass protostellar cores. The ALMA-IMF data favor a scenario in which protostars accrete their mass from a larger mass reservoir than their host cores.

Structure Models of Metal Melts: A Review.

Nowadays, metallic materials are subject to increasingly high performance requirements, particularly in the context of energy efficiency and environmental sustainability, etc. Researchers typically target properties such as enhanced strength, hardness, and reduced weight, as well as superior physical and chemical characteristics, including electrochemical activity and catalytic efficiency. The structure of metal melts is essential for the design and synthesis of advanced metallic materials. Studies using high-temperature liquid X-ray diffraction (HTXRD) have established a broad consensus that short and medium range ordering exists within metallic melts. However, the high-temperature and liquid conditions during experiments obscure the fundamental physical characteristics, leading to ongoing discussions. Developing simplified models is a typical approach to deal with the complex systems, facilitating a clearer and more direct understanding of the underlying physical images. Here, different physical models of metal melts will be reviewed, starting with transient models, then following with thermodynamic statistical model. The physical image and applications of the models will be carefully discussed.

Cyclic Evolution of Synergized Spin and Orbital Angular Momenta.

Spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM)are fundamental physical characteristics described by polarization and spatial degrees of freedom, respectively. Polarization is a feature of vector fields while spatial phase gradient determines the OAM ubiquitous to any scalar field. Common wisdom treats these two degrees of freedom as independent principles to manipulate wave propagations. Here, their synergy is demonstrated. This is achieved by introducing two orthogonal p-orbitals as eigenbases, whose spatial modal features are exploited to generate OAM, and the associated orbital orientations provide means to simultaneously manipulate polarizations. Through periodic modulation and directional coupling, a full cyclic evolution of synchronized and synergized SAM-OAM is realized. Remarkably, this evolution acquires a nontrivial geometric phase, leading to its representation on a Möbius strip. Experimentally, an acoustic cavity array is designed, whose dipole resonances precisely mimic the p-orbitals, with pressure fields featuring the spatial characteristics and velocity fields the vectorial orientations. Based on this synergy, a spin-orbital-Hall effect is further showcased, highlighting the intricate locking of handedness, directionality, spin density, and spatial mode profile. This study unveils a fundamental connection between SAM and OAM, promising avenues for their novel applications in trapping, coding, and communications.

Growth, spectroscopy properties, and laser operation of single crystal fiber: Nd3+-doped CNGG

Nd3+-doped calcium niobium gallium garnet single crystal fibers (Nd:CNGG SCFs) with varying Nd3+ concentrations were successfully grown using the laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) method. The study thoroughly examines the fundamental physical structure, optical properties, and laser characteristics of the as-grown Nd:CNGG SCFs. Results indicate that the Nd:CNGG SCF exhibits broader absorption and emission full width at half maximum (FWHM) compared to bulk single crystals. Moreover, pumped by a commercial 808 nm laser diode, continuous-wave laser operation at 1061 nm with a half-height width of 1.86 nm was achieved. The laser output power reached 1.04 W at an absorbed power of 7.46 W, with a slope efficiency of 25.4% relative to the absorbed pump power. These findings suggest that Nd:CNGG SCF holds promise as a practical and potent candidate for laser gain medium, offering significant research potential in the field of lasers.

Empirical interatomic potential development and classical molecular dynamics simulation of monolayer group-III monochalcogenides: insights into thermal transport properties

Abstract This research addresses the lack of comprehensive studies utilizing classical molecular dynamics simulations for monolayer group-III monochalcogenide materials. These materials, including GaS, GaSe, and InSe, have shown promise for diverse applications but lack well-defined empirical interatomic potentials in the literature. This study is concentrated on the development of empirical interatomic potential parameters for these materials using the particle swarm optimization method, filling a gap in the literature regarding classical molecular dynamics simulations. The parameters are optimized based on fundamental physical characteristics such as the lattice constants, bond lengths, phonon dispersions, and the equation of state, obtained from first-principles calculations. The developed potential parameters are then employed to predict lattice thermal conductivity through non-equilibrium classical molecular dynamics simulations, providing insights into the thermal transport properties of these materials.

Even–Odd Layer Oscillatory Behavior of Electronic and Phononic Specific Heat in an Ultra-Thin Metal Film

Both electronic and phononic statistical and thermal properties, modulated by the quantum size effect, are suggested in a thin metal film. In order to show the quantum size effect of specific heat, the densities of the electron and phonon states of an ultra-thin film are treated within the framework of quantum statistics. It was found that strong and weak “even–odd layer oscillatory behavior” was exhibited by the ultra-thin metal film in electronic and lattice specific heat, respectively. Such a behavior, which depends on film thickness, results from the quantum confinement of electrons and phonons in the vertical (thickness) direction of the film, where both electrons and phonons form their respective quantum well standing wave modes. If, for example, the thickness of the ultra-thin metal film is exactly an integer multiple of a half wavelength of the standing wave of electrons in the thickness direction, the corresponding density of states would become maximized, and the electronic specific heat would take its maximum. In the literature, less attention has been paid to the size-dependent electron Fermi wavelength for quantum size effects, i.e., the Fermi wavelength in ultra-thin metal films has always been identified as a constant. We shall show how the Fermi wavelength varies with the size of a nanofilm, including an explicit analytic formulation for the thickness dependence of the electron Fermi wavelength. Size-dependent resonantly oscillatory behavior, depending on the ultra-thin or nanoscale film thickness, would have possible significance for researching some fundamental physical characteristics (e.g., low-dimensional quantum statistics) and may find potential applications in new thermodynamic device design.

Study of the fundamental physical characteristics of the Zintl phase K2BaCdSb2

The structural, elastic, thermodynamic, electronic, and thermoelectric characteristics of K2BaCdSb2 were investigated utilizing ab initio methods. The structural, elastic, and thermodynamic properties were calculated using the pseudopotential plane wave approach with the GGA-PBEsol exchange-correlation functional. The computed equilibrium structural characteristics closely match the available data. The anticipated elastic constants reveal that K2BaCdSb2 is mechanically stable, brittle, and exhibits significant elastic anisotropy. The full potential linearized augmented plane wave approach with the Tran-Blaha modified Becke-Johnson potential was used to determine the electronic structure of K2BaCdSb2.It is found that K2BaCdSb2 is a semiconductor with a Γ-Γ type direct bandgap of 0.85 eV. Bonding analysis shows the bond between Cd and Sb atoms within the [CdSb2]4− polyanion is of covalent nature and that between the K/Ba atom and the [CdSb2]4− polyanion is of ionic character. The thermoelectric characteristics of K2BaCdSb2 were analyzed at a temperature of 500 K for of charge-carrier concentrations from 1 × 1018 to 3 × 1020 cm−3.When the concentration of holes is 1.0 × 1020 cm−3, The power factor reaches a value of 17 × 1010 W m−1 K−2.s−1 for a hole concentration of 1.0 × 1020 cm−3. For the p-doped K2BaCdSb2 with a concentration of 1.0 × 1018cm−3, the electronic figure of merit is 0.95.

Extending the Charge Carrier Recombination Lifetime by Octahedral Rotations in Ruddlesden-Popper Ba3Zr2S7 Perovskites.

Intentional distortions of [BX6] octahedra within perovskite structures have been recognized as a potent strategy for precise band gap adjustments and optimization of their photovoltaic properties, yet information regarding charge carrier dynamics linked to octahedral distortion under ambient conditions for chalcogenide perovskites remains limited. In this study, we utilize ab initio nonadiabatic molecular dynamics to explore the dynamics of photogenerated carriers in a representative two-dimensional Ba3Zr2S7 material in the Ruddlesden-Popper phase. The theoretical results highlight the influence of octahedral rotation on the materials' stability and carrier recombination lifetime of the system. Specifically, the octahedrally rotating P42/mnm phase exhibits a prolonged nonradiative carrier recombination lifetime attributed to the stabilized electron-phonon coupling. These findings offer valuable insights into the fundamental physical characteristics of imposed octahedral distortion and its potential for optimizing the optoelectronic performance of 2D Ruddlesden-Popper Ba-Zr-S chalcogenide materials.

Testing ECC-Concrete Using Different Fibers (PVA, S.F, Pp)

This study adopted an attempt to produce (Engineered cementitious composites) ECC concrete using different types of fibers such as (PVA, ST, Pp). Studies and researches on the structural properties of ECC concrete are relatively limited in comparison to ordinary concrete. Many investigations on several researchers have worked on ECC concrete. the output of reviewed papers explained that the pozzolanic materials and curing conditions are affected in the clear for the bond strength; it has been discovered that ECC concrete made from fly ash performs better than Conventional Concrete based on Portland cement in terms of mechanical properties, withstanding high temperature, and preservation of fundamental physical characteristics including permeability and water absorption. Whereas few studies exanimated the effect of using special amount of specific ECC fiber on bond strength and the behavior of the construction part .as a first part trials has been made for different ratios and types of ECC fibers has been done ECC mixtures were produced using (polyvynol alcohol PVA fiber, Three aggregate to binder ratios were chosen: (1:0.25, 1:0.3 and 1:0.35) with different water to cement ratio of 0.3, 0.35, 0.4 and 0.45, adding fiber with ratios (0.5,1,1.5,2 and 2.5)% from the mix total volume , After examining the mechanical (compressive and flexural strengths) on the resulted ECC concrete specimens, the mix ratio that provided an acceptable compressive strength and flexural was chosen to be used.

Janus TiSi Z 3H ( Z= N, P, As) monolayers with large out-of-plane piezoelectricity and high electron mobility: first-principles study

In this paper, we propose a series of novel two-dimensional Janus structures TiSiZ 3H ( Z= N, P, As) and investigate their electronic, mechanical, piezoelectric, and transport properties using the density functional theory. The examined results demonstrated that Janus TiSiZ 3H monolayers are structurally stable. At the ground state, TiSiN3H, TiSiP3H, and TiSiAs3H monolayers are all semiconductors with indirect bandgaps of 2.98, 1.06, 1.0 eV at the hybrid-functional level, respectively. The absence of vertical mirror symmetry in TiSiZ 3H results in the occurrence of both in-plane and out-of-plane piezoelectricity. Interestingly, TiSiAs3H monolayer exhibits large out-of-plane piezoelectric response with coefficient d 31 up to −0.45 pm V−1, that is appropriate for use in piezoelectric devices. The calculated results demonstrate that the carrier mobility in Janus TiSiZ 3H monolayers is high and directional anisotropic. Particularly, electron mobility in TiSiP3H monolayer is observed up to 772.31 cm2 V−1 s−1. Our results not only suggest and confirm some fundamental physical characteristics of new materials but also lay important premises for experimental studies as well as their application prospects in the future.

Persistence of A-234 nerve agent on indoor surfaces

Understanding the fundamental physical characteristics of extremely toxic compounds and their behavior across different environments plays a crucial role in assessing their danger. Additionally, this knowledge informs the development of protocols for gathering forensic evidence related to harmful chemicals misuse. In 2018, former Russian spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter were poisoned in Salisbury, England, with a substance later identified as the unconventional nerve agent A-234. Contamination with the compound was found on items inside Skripal's home. The aim of this paper was to determine the persistence of A-234 on selected indoor surfaces. Ceramics, aluminum can, laminated chipboard, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) floor tile, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle, acrylic paint and computer keyboard were used as matrices. The decrease in surface contamination and further fate of the compound was monitored for 12 weeks. Persistence determination involved optimizing the wipe sampling method. Simultaneously, evaporation from the surface and permeation of the contaminant into the matrix were closely monitored. The experimental findings indicate that the nerve agent exhibits remarkable persistence, particularly on impermeable surfaces. Notably, the process of A-234 evaporation plays a minor role in determining its fate, with detectable concentrations observed solely above solid, non-porous surfaces such as ceramics and aluminum can. The surface persistence half-life varied significantly, ranging from 12 min to 478 days, depending on the material. The article has implications for emergency response protocols, decontamination strategies, public health and crime scene investigations.

Ecotoxicological effects of leachate from e-cigarettes and e-liquid on the performance of perennial ryegrass (Loliumperenne)

Once littered, disposable e-cigarettes present a complex type of waste in the environment. They typically contain a lithium battery, electronics to produce vapour and remnant e-liquid, all of which could leach into the environment. The effects of littered e-cigarettes are not well understood, and they have not been tested in terrestrial ecosystems. To address this, an experiment was set up to assess how leachate from e-cigarettes with or without a battery, but also e-liquid on its own can alter fundamental physical characteristics of Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) when irrigated with contaminated water. After 31 days, shoot length of L. perenne was not measurably affected, but the biomass was significantly reduced by 30% when e-liquid, and 24% when leachate from intact e-cigarettes was present compared to control plants. Plants grown with leachate or e-liquid displayed a significant level of early senescence of leaf apices, and the chlorophyll content was increased. Furthermore, root biomass was significantly less (29–46%) compared to the control. Leachate from used disposable e-cigarettes can affect the performance of plants when entering the soil ecosystem, therefore stricter regulations are needed to prevent this new type of electronic litter from becoming more widespread.

Flash drought: A state of the science review

AbstractIn the two decades, since the advent of the term “flash drought,” considerable research has been directed toward the topic. Within the scientific community, we have actively forged a new paradigm that has avoided a chaotic evolution of conventional drought but instead recognizes that flash droughts have distinct dynamics and, particularly, impacts. We have moved beyond the initial debate over the definition of flash drought to a centralized focus on the triad of rapid onset, drought development, and associated impacts. The refinement toward this general set of principles has led to significant progress in determining key variables for monitoring flash drought development, identifying notable case studies, and compiling fundamental physical characteristics of flash drought. However, critical focus areas still remain, including advancing our knowledge on the atmospheric and oceanic drivers of flash drought; developing flash drought‐specific detection indices and monitoring systems tailored to practitioners; improving subseasonal‐to‐seasonal prediction of these events; constraining uncertainty in flash drought and impact projections; and using social science to further our understanding of impacts, particularly with regard to sectors that lie outside of our traditional hydroclimatological focus, such as wildfire management and food‐security monitoring. Researchers and stakeholders working together on these critical topics will assure society is resilient to flash drought in a changing climate.This article is categorized under: Science of Water > Water Extremes

Correlating concerted cations with oxygen redox in rechargeable batteries.

Rechargeable batteries currently power much of our world, but with the increased demand for electric vehicles (EVs) capable of traveling hundreds of miles on a single charge, new paradigms are necessary for overcoming the limits of energy density, particularly in rechargeable batteries. The emergence of reversible anionic redox reactions presents a promising direction toward achieving this goal; however this process has both positive and negative effects on battery performance. While it often leads to higher capacity, anionic redox also causes several unfavorable effects such as voltage fade, voltage hysteresis, sluggish kinetics, and oxygen loss. However, the introduction of cations with topological chemistry tendencies has created an efficient pathway for achieving long-term oxygen redox with improved kinetics. The cations serve as pillars in the crystal structure and meanwhile can interact with oxygen in ways that affect the oxygen redox process through their impact on the electronic structure. This review delves into a detailed examination of the fundamental physical and chemical characteristics of oxygen redox and elucidates the crucial role that cations play in this process at the atomic and electronic scales. Furthermore, we present a systematic summary of polycationic systems, with an emphasis on their electrochemical performance, in order to provide perspectives on the development of next-generation cathode materials.

Celestial attributes of hybrid star in [formula omitted] Einstein-Gauss–Bonnet gravity

Hybrid star is the term given to a neutron star with a quark core. Due to a lot of uncertainties in the calculations and compositions of such a high-density system, it is of great interest and a preferred scenario for particle physicists and astrophysicists. To explore some novel aspects within the framework of the 5D Einstein-Gauss–Bonnet(EGB) gravity, our current study presents a hybrid star model that includes strange quark matter in addition to regular baryonic matter. In hybrid stellar objects, a hadronic outer component surrounds a quark inner component, which prompts the consideration of the most basic MIT bag model equation of state to correlate the density and pressure of strange quark matter within the stellar interior, while radial pressure and matter density due to baryonic matter are connected by a linear equation of state. The model is constructed within the specifications of the Krori and Barua (KB) ansatz (Krori and Barua, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 8,508,1975). Here we present the solution for a particular compact object 4U 1538 - 52 with mass M=0.87±0.07M⊙ and radius R=7.866−0.21+0.21 km. We examine the fundamental physical characteristics of the star, which highlights how the values of matter variables are affected by the Gauss–Bonnet coupling parameter α. Finally, as it meets all the physical requirements for a realistic model, we have come to realize that our present model is realistic.

Effects of heat-treatment on physical and mechanical properties of limestone

The susceptibility of buildings to fire makes it crucial to examine the physical and mechanical (P&M) properties of building stones under high temperature, which is necessary to predict and evaluate the safety and stability of stone structures. In this study, uniaxial compression (UC) and Brazilian splitting (BS) tests were performed on heat-treated limestone specimens and digital image correction (DIC) techniques were utilized to measure specimen deformation. Correlation analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted on the mechanical parameters obtained from the UC and BS tests, resulting in the establishment of three principal components (y1c, y2c and y1t) that comprehensively reflect the compressive and tensile properties; these were then utilized to analyze the sensitivity of mechanical properties to temperature changes. Furthermore, based on prior experimental data regarding the fundamental physical parameters of granite, one principal component (y1w) that comprehensively reflects fundamental physical characteristics was established and utilized to predict the uniaxial compression strength (σc) and tensile strength (σt). The results indicate that the compressive properties (σc, Poisson's ratio, elastic modulus and principal compressive strain) and tensile properties (σt and tensile strain) are all affected by temperature changes; as tensile strength is sensitive to temperature changes, special attention should be paid to fire and high temperature of stone buildings with the components subjected to the tensile stress; basic mechanical properties (σc and σt) can be well predicted by a principal component (y1w) which provides a new idea for calculating indirectly the residual mechanical properties of building stones after high temperature or fire.

Evaluation of Austenite-Ferrite Phase Transformation in Carbon Steel Using Bayesian Optimized Cellular Automaton Simulation.

Austenite-ferrite phase transformation is a crucial metallurgical tool to tailor the properties of steels required for particular applications. Extensive simulation and modeling studies have been conducted to evaluate the phase transformation behaviors; however, some fundamental physical parameters still need to be optimized for better understanding. In this study, the austenite-ferrite phase transformation was evaluated in carbon steels with three carbon concentrations during isothermal annealing at various temperatures using a developed cellular automaton simulation model combined with Bayesian optimization. The simulation results show that the incubation period for nucleation is an essential factor that needs to be considered during austenite-ferrite phase transformation simulation. The incubation period constant is mainly affected by carbon concentration and the optimized values have been obtained as 10-24, 10-19, and 10-21 corresponding to carbon concentrations of 0.2 wt%, 0.35 wt%, and 0.5 wt%, respectively. The average ferrite grain size after phase transformation completion could decrease with the decreasing initial austenite grain size. Some other parameters were also analyzed in detail. The developed cellular automaton simulation model combined with Bayesian optimization in this study could conduct an in-depth exploration of critical and optimal parameters and provide deeper insights into understanding the fundamental physical characteristics during austenite-ferrite phase transformation.

Clay/nanocomposite hydrogels: In review

The development of advanced materials those are stronger, more rigid, lighter, hotter and self-renewable than existing materials has been the rising point of many research studies conducted in recent years. Within this scope, the interest to production of nanostructured materials is received considerable attention worldwide due to their potential positive contribution to wide variety of technological areas such as electronics, catalysis, adsorbents, ceramics, magnetic data storage, structural components etc. In these efforts polymer nanocomposites as the form of hydrogels, reinforced with well-dispersed layered silicate, typically montmorillonite can be given as a one of the promising composite material. However, long-standing problems for polymer-clay nanocomposites include actual exfoliation of clay particles in discrete layers, uniform distribution of clay layers throughout the polymer, and randomness of clay sequences. For the exfoliation of clay particles, although the chemical modification of clay minerals in aqueous media is the well-known and more general way applied by researchers, the physical pathway method performed by high-energy ball mills is also gaining increasing attention as an alternative pretreatment way. Grinding of crushed materials is one of the key processes in the mineral and cement industry, but the increased concern on the preparation of fine-grained powders (nano powders) or the manufacture of composites with desirable properties, especially performed with use of high-energy ball mills, has led to significantly widen the usage field of grinding. Undoubtedly, the main reason for these efforts is to improve the performance of existing materials. In this paper the fundamental concepts, classification, physical and chemical characteristics and the production methods of clay/polymer nanocomposites was briefly reviewed base on the composite hydrogel. Particular attention was paid to the pre-treatment (exfoliation) of clays with high-energy ball mills, which is increasingly being accepted as an alternative method to eliminate the negative effects of chemical treatment in some composite forms.

Origins and cavity-based regulation of optical anisotropy of α-MoO3 crystal

Orthogonal α-MoO3 is one of the most common and air-stable compounds of molybdenum, holding the merits of wide bandgap, van der Waals (vdW) structure, biaxial symmetry and recently discovered hyperbolic topological transitions, which has drawn significant attention in developing novel nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices. Herein the broadband optical anisotropy, one of the most fundamental physical characteristics of α-MoO3 crystal, was systematically investigated using a combination of spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and reflectance difference spectroscopy (RDS). The centimeter-level high-quality α-MoO3 crystal was grown by modified physical vapor deposition. The optical refractive indices along three crystalline axes were precisely determined by SE in the broad spectral range (400–1600 nm), and then the in-plane and out-plane birefringence was analyzed. Both the intrinsic and resonant cavity modulated optical anisotropy of α-MoO3 was studied by polarization-resolved RDS, from which we find the physical origins of linear dichroism are dominated by electronical transitions along the c-axis. Furthermore, the external photonic cavity of SiO2 enables enhanced sensitivity to view electronical transitions and a high modulation ratio of optical anisotropy reached 30, which provides new opportunities to tune optical anisotropy for polarized photonic devices. Our results can help understand the physical origin of the highly optical anisotropy of α-MoO3 and establish an effective metrological tool to study other types of vdW crystals.

A Review on Procedure of QSAR Assessment in Organic Compounds As a Measure of Antioxidant Potentiality

Chemical and biological properties of substances may be inferred from their more fundamental physical, chemical, and biological characteristics using QSAR models. An insilico model may be built using QSAR to anticipate the activity of novel molecules before they are synthesised, allowing the author to establish a quantifiable link between structure and behaviour. QSAR is a powerful tool. Although QSAR modelling is a computer area, medicinal chemists are the main users and ultimate assessors, especially when it comes to developing compounds with the necessary biological activity. Several studies were conducted in which medicinal chemists and cheminformaticians collaborated to discover new compounds with specific biological activity. This was done through the development of QSAR models and their use in virtual screening, followed by experimental verification. Despite the fact that QSAR methods have their own set of limitations, their use in molecular prediction and assessment has been effective due to a division of labour in which mathematical professionals ensured the greatest quality of models. The predictions also helped experimental chemists design and test compounds that were expected to be successful. This review is being developed and implemented to look into the development of the QSAR tool in the assessment of antioxidant potentiality for diverse organic chemicals found in our environment.