Functioning Of Local Self-government Research Articles

Organisation of Self-Government in the Republic of Macedonia

The subject of this paper is the constitutional and legal regulation of local self-government system in the Republic of Macedonia, territorial division, the process of reforming and building this system since the independence of the Republic of Macedonia from the former federation of Yugoslavia. With the intention of functioning and materialization according to democratic principles, since the independence of Macedonia the system of local self-government has undergone through continuous reform process. These reforms first of all are mostly related to the territorial division of local self-government units, seeking the most appropriate model which would be appropriate to the general developments of Macedonia. In this paper is analyzed the role and the constitutional and legal position of local self-government units, in this case the municipality, as the only unit of local self-government, its legal status, competences, representative and executive bodies, financing and the process of decentralization. It is also analyzed the model of organization of local self-government in the city of Skopje, as a capital of the Republic, in the form of community of municipalities in the city and the impact of the Ohrid Agreement on the regulation and functioning of local self-government in Macedonia.

From the Power of Local Authorities to Local Self- Government in Kosovo

Local self-government as democratic achievement takes emphasised place on the new legal system of the Republic of Kosovo, which is based on the principles contained in the European Charter of Local Self-Government and other relevant international Conventions, the Constitution and laws of Kosovo, UNMIK Regulations, the President’s Ahtisaari Comprehensive Plan and Agreement of Brussels. These are basic resources and legal basis for the organization and functioning of local self-government in Kosovo after the war until today organized at the municipal level. The system of local self-government during this period has passed through a continuous process of reform which is characterized by numerous challenges and major changes that have followed the general process of state-building in Kosovo. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2015.v4n1s2p145

ПРАВОВИЙ СТАТУС МУНІЦИПАЛЬНОЇ МІЛІЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ (Legal Status of Municipal Police in Ukraine: Problems and Prospects)

Ukrainian Abstract: У статті здійснено дослідження стану правового регулювання статусу муніципальної міліції в Україні на сучасному етапі. Розглянуто законодавчу та нормативно-правову базу, що визначає принципи, правові основи організації та діяльності муніципальної милиции. Проаналізовані останні законотворчі ініціативи з питань врегулювання правового статусу муніципальної міліції. Робиться висновок про необхідність чіткого законодавчого визначення правового статусу, завдань та форм діяльності муніципальної міліції. English Abstract: In the article the current problems concerning the determination of legal status of municipal police in Ukraine are analyzed. The state of law-making and normative legal basis that determines the rights and duties of the municipal police officers, their responsibilities for the commitment of illegal actions or inactions is studied. Attention drawn to the given problem in the article is connected to the disputable question about providing a territorial community and representative organs created by it with the right to save public order on the territory of the corresponding administrative unit. The definition of the notion ‘legal status’ is given. Its content and nature in the sphere of municipal police is determined. The legislative acts issued during the period of the independence of Ukraine and that determined the principles and legal basis of organization and functioning of the municipal police are studied. It is concluded that today the legal status of municipal police on the law-making level is not determined. Legal basis for functioning of the municipal police departments created by the organs of self-government in Ukrainian cities is represented by local normative legal acts. Two Ukrainian legislations ‘about the guard’ and ‘about the municipal police’ and also the concepts of the Law of Ukraine ‘about the police self-government’ worked out in 2014 are analyzed and critically assessed. The conclusions are drawn about the necessity of precise definitions of the legal status, tasks, forms and methods of operation, the financial basis at the legislative level for the formation and development of the municipal police in Ukraine. It is stated that there is an urgent need for the adoption of the Law of Ukraine, which would determine the status of the municipal police, and bring it in line with the tasks and functions of local self-government.

МІСЦЕВЕ САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ В СИСТЕМІ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ

The article is devoted to the issues of local self-government in the system of public administration, because local self-government is one of the key elements of the domestic system of public administration and in turn has its own material, financial and human resources, its own infrastructure. It has been studied that Ukraine has extensive historical experience in the functioning of local self-government on different models, each of which was spread over a certain historical period or in a certain territory of our state. It is determined that the Ukrainian state has repeatedly tried not only to reform its public administration system, but also to reform all socio-political and socio-economic processes. An example of such a model is the modern European model of public governance "Good Governance". It is described that local public authorities in Ukraine continue to be in a state of constant search and implementation of modern innovative approaches to the activities of local governments of Ukraine. Overcoming the problems of old and inefficient management models and methods that do not meet the requirements of modern communities is possible only by developing high-quality and effective support of local government in the context of modern realities. The standardized definitions of the term "local self-government" in various Laws of Ukraine are presented and a more attractive interpretation of this term in the context of this article is revealed. It is proposed to create a so-called "community" model of local self-government, which will highlight not the management processes, but the needs of the community and residents, as well as enable them to influence the decisions of local governments. It is taken into account that local self-government as a component in the system of public power requires detailed analysis in order to further synthesize the effective structure and the corresponding set of public administration functions and powers, taking into account historical and foreign experience, constant search and development.

Концептуальні проблеми забезпечення контролю в сфері місцевого самоврядування: теорія та практика

У статті досліджуються конституційно-правові проблеми організації та функціонування місцевого самоврядування в контексті контрольної діяльності у муніципальній сфері. Висвітлюється питання щодо системи та форм контрольної діяльності суб’єктів місцевого самоврядування у вітчизняній і зарубіжній юридичній практиці. Така постановка питання обумовлюється тим, що питання щодо місця й ролі контролю у системі місцевого самоврядування, його правової природи, співвідношення та взаємодії з іншими формами муніципальної діяльності належать до найбільш дискусійних у сучасній конституційній теорії.