Functional Programming Research Articles

The Interconnection between Systemic Functional Language and the Grammar of Visual Design in the Context of Advertising Language

The research investigates the interconnection between Systemic Functional Theory (SFT) and the grammar of visual design in the context of advertising language. Systemic Functional Theory, a linguistic model introduced by Halliday (1985), emphasizes the functional aspects of language, focusing on how language functions within its social context. This study aims to explore the synergy between SFL by Halliday (1985) and the grammar of visual design by Kress & Van Leeuwen (2006), particularly in the domain of advertising language. The examination encompasses the analysis of linguistic elements, such as sentence structure and vocabulary, alongside non-linguistic elements inherent in visual design, seeking to unveil the intricate relationship between linguistic and visual choices in advertising. By delving into this intersection, the research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how Systemic Functional Theory informs and enriches the grammar of visual design within the realm of advertising language.

MAGNETICALLY ASSISTED NANOPLATFORMS FOR REMOTE-CONTROLLED THERAPIES: TARGETING AND SWITCHING MACROPHAGE FUNCTIONS

Chronic inflammatory events have been associated to almost every chronic disease, including cardiovascular-, neurodegenerative- and autoimmune- diseases, cancer, and host-implant rejection. Given the toll of chronic inflammation in healthcare and socioeconomical costs developing strategies to resolve and control chronic states of inflammation remain a priority for the significant benefit of patients.Macrophages (Mφ) hold a central role both in the initiation and resolution of inflammatory events, assuming different functional profiles. The outstanding features of Mφ counting with the easy access to tissues, and the extended networking make Mφ excellent candidates for precision therapy. Moreover, sophisticated macrophage-oriented systems could offer innovative immune-regulatory alternatives to effectively regulate chronic environments that traditional pharmacological agents cannot provide.We propose magnetically assisted systems for balancing Mφ functions at the injury site. This platform combines polymers, inflammatory miRNA antagonists and magnetically responsive nanoparticles to stimulate Mφ functions towards pro-regenerative phenotypes. Strategies with magnetically assisted systems include contactless presentation of immune-modulatory molecules, cell internalization of regulatory agents for functional programming via magnetofection, and multiple payload delivery and release.Overall, Mφ-oriented systems stimulated pro-regenerative functions of Mφ supporting magnetically assisted theranostic nanoplatforms for precision therapies, envisioning safer and more effective control over the distribution of sensitive nanotherapeutics for the treatments of chronical inflammatory conditions.Acknowledgements: ERC CoG MagTendon No.772817; FCT Doctoral Grant SFRD/BD/144816/2019, and TERMRES Hub (Norte-01-0145-FEDER-022190).

Staying DRY with OO and FP

We discuss the coding principle Don’t Repeat Yourself (DRY) and compare various tactics to achieve DRY code, both in the context of object-oriented (OO) programming and functional programming (FP). Neither OO nor FP play a significant role in the International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI), but these paradigms are highly relevant in industry. This article aims to make clear that they offer useful computational insights that should appeal to talented students and that could somehow make their appearance in the IOI. We conclude with an AHA insight and some WET advice for talent development and programming contests.

Применение монадных вычислений при решении численных задач

This work is a further development of research on the use of functional programming for numerical methods. In particular, functional programming can help port programs to graphics accelerators with CUDA technology. Previous work has focused on functors (and applicative functors). The theoretical foundations of monadic computing were outlined, but how they could be applied in practice was not discussed. This paper attempts to fill this gap. One of the basic principles of functional programming is function composition, which allows you to build complex functions from simple ones and, thus, simplifies the writing of complex programs. Monad calculations allow you to build chains of complex calculations. Such chains are also, in a sense, a composition of functions, but at a higher, monadic level (monadic composition).

Selected issues in contemporary housing design for seniors – Poland in the European context

Concern for the residential environment for the elderly is increasingly evident in theory in numerous academic studies and in practice reflected in contemporary realisations. Residential centers for seniors are becoming increasingly popular, and their form and function are becoming more complex and dedicated to specific needs. The authors presented the results of a study of a dozen of different case studies of residential and commercial complexes with a healthcare function for the elderly realised after 2005. The authors hypothesise that contemporary realised complexes for seniors are characterised by a varied morphology, i.e., in some cases they replicate the structure of the urban fabric, while in others they clearly break away from it and create individualised forms. The qualitative assessment considers the advantages and disadvantages associated with the morphology of the complexes. The authors also presented their individual design as an experiment of implementing current trends in an established location (research by design). The presented research shows that both the form and function of housing for seniors evolve depending on the needs. Functional programs and the facilities themselves are usually quite extensive and result in complex functional-spatial systems that fill most of the plots on which they were designed. Conclusions from the research can be valuable in studying other senior centres, especially when making location decisions for similar functions.

Novel Insights into the Autoimmunity from the Genetic Approach of the Human Disease.

Autoimmune-polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a monogenic inborn error of autoimmunity that is caused by damaging germline variants in the AIRE gene and clinically manifests with multiple autoimmune diseases in patients. Studies on the function of the AIRE gene, discovered in 1997, have contributed to fundamental aspects of human immunology as they have been important in understanding the basic mechanism of immune balance between self and non-self. This chapter looks back to the discovery of the AIRE gene, reviews its main properties, and discusses the key findings of its function in the thymus. However, more recent autoantibody profilings in APECED patients have highlighted a gap in our knowledge of the disease pathology and point to the need to revisit the current paradigm of AIRE function. The chapter reviews these new findings in APECED patients, which potentially trigger new thoughts on the mechanism of immune tolerance.

Alice or Bob?: Process polymorphism in choreographies

Abstract We present PolyChor $\lambda$ , a language for higher-order functional choreographic programming—an emerging paradigm for concurrent programming. In choreographic programming, programmers write the desired cooperative behaviour of a system of processes and then compile it into an implementation for each process, a translation called endpoint projection. Unlike its predecessor, Chor $\lambda$ , PolyChor $\lambda$ has both type and process polymorphism inspired by System F $_\omega$ . That is, PolyChor $\lambda$ is the first (higher-order) functional choreographic language which gives programmers the ability to write generic choreographies and determine the participants at runtime. This novel combination of features also allows PolyChor $\lambda$ processes to communicate distributed values, leading to a new and intuitive way to write delegation. While some of the functional features of PolyChor $\lambda$ give it a weaker correspondence between the semantics of choreographies and their endpoint-projected concurrent systems than some other choreographic languages, we still get the hallmark end result of choreographic programming: projected programmes are deadlock-free by design.

Mona Baker’s Strategies Used for Translating the Arabic HAND Idioms

The issue of target language non-equivalence in the translation of various text kinds can be handled in a variety of ways. In this context, translation studies have extensively addressed Mona Baker's suggested methods for handling non-equivalence at the word level. However, no research has previously used both her description and evaluating the functional appropriateness of translating informative materials at the same time. Based on Mona Baker's recommended strategies for achieving Target Language Equivalence at the word level, this study compares word-level translation methodologies utilized in an informative text genre. The Arabic HAND idioms were chosen for examination. The primary issue /question is whether Baker's methodology can adequately explain and evaluate the word-level strategies utilized by translators to achieve functional Target Language equivalency? This study aims to achieve the following: pinpointing how Mona Baker views translation, identifying the main strategies suggested by Baker, and determining what “Universal of Translation” is.

Digital simulation of load-bearing structures with movable cargo carts

The process of digital simulation of the design parameters of load-bearing structures when moving a cargo cart on them is developed on the example of a load-bearing beam of a crane (bridge. gantry, ...). This process includes three main stages. The first stage is the creation of appropriate mathematical multiparametric equations for automated simulation of: the values of reactions in the supports of the crane load-bearing beam; bending moments; transverse forces; displacements; beam deflection angles and maximum stresses at different positions of the cargo cart on the crane beam. The second stage is the creation of appropriate computer models in the Mathcad system using an effective functional programming language built into the system with a graphical representation of the simulation results depending on the location of the cargo cart on the load–bearing beam of the crane. The third stage is the animation simulation of the studied parameters, both for each parameter individually and all together.

Asymptotic speedup via effect handlers

Abstract We study a fundamental efficiency benefit afforded by delimited control, showing that for certain higher-order functions, a language with advanced control features offers an asymptotic improvement in runtime over a language without them. Specifically, we consider the generic count problem in the context of a pure functional base language ${\lambda_{\textrm{b}}}$ and an extension ${\lambda_{\textrm{h}}}$ with general effect handlers. We prove that ${\lambda_{\textrm{h}}}$ admits an asymptotically more efficient implementation of generic count than any implementation in ${\lambda_{\textrm{b}}}$ . We also show that this gap remains even when ${\lambda_{\textrm{b}}}$ is extended to a language ${{{{{{\lambda_{\textrm{a}}}}}}}}$ with affine effect handlers, which is strong enough to encode exceptions, local state, coroutines and single-shot continuations. This locates the efficiency difference in the gap between ‘single-shot’ and ‘multi-shot’ versions of delimited control. To our knowledge, these results are the first of their kind for control operators.

Application of Doctrines of Idea-Expression Dichotomy and Merger on Functional Computer Programs

<p>美國聯邦最高法院於2021年4月5日針對已訴訟歷時10年的Google v. Oracle案作出最終判決，多數決意見看似處理Google抄襲Oracle的Java語言裡的37個API封包以創建自己Android系統之利用行為是否成立合理使用，但主審Breyer大法官卻以破格之方式主導合理使用分析，在字裡行間中偷渡其對具功能性之電腦程式著作受著作權保護範圍之觀點，即電腦程式著作本質上之功能性以致離著作權保護之核心甚遠：「在某些情況下，尤其是具著作權適格性與不具適格性之素材密不可分的情況，著作權賦予之保護是『薄弱』的。」本文將試圖驗證Breyer大法官所稱之「密不可分」，即係思想與表達合併原則之體現。此外，電腦程式受著作權法保護之範圍為何？蓋電腦程式於著作權法下歸類為文學著作，可為著作權保護之標的，然除了電腦程式之編碼外，程式中非文字之部分，如整體之結構、排序、組織、屏幕顯示，項目單結構，和使用者界面等，皆有可能屬電腦程式著作保護之範疇。而判斷電腦程式受著作權法保護範圍之關鍵，在於根據「思想與表達二分原則」，區分其中受著作權保護之「表達」，與不受著作權保護之「思想」及其他如「程序、製程、系統、操作方法」等「功能性觀念」，而電腦程式中「應功能性之考量」而不得不為之安排，則應藉由「合併原則」一併排除著作權之保護，以劃分著作權法與專利法各司之界線。</p> <p> </p>

Psychomotor reaction in adolescents with different levels of physical development

The work is aimed at studing dynamics of the latent time of motor reaction in conditions of noise interference in adolescents. The result of research of latent time of impellent reaction and force of nervous processes (under the tepping-test) at teenagers of 13-15 years with a certain level of physical development demonstrated that children with a high physical development level have low functional reserves brain programming systems. The influence of the processes underlying acceleration in terms of adaptive reactions of teenagers is showed by this way. The study of the motor reaction to a light stimulus was carried out using the latent time of simple motor reaction computer program developed in the laboratory. It was clear that the processes of acceleration affected the morph functional organization of regulatory brain systems, reducing their level of adaptability and operational reliability. Low indicators of adolescents’ strength of nervous processes, which were obtained during tapping testing, are the general modern trend towards a decrease in the level of their health. The data obtained can be used in the development of medical and pedagogical methods for correcting the functional state of the body of adolescents at the prenosological stage.

Development of an automated system for designing ball screws

The purpose of the study is labor saving, productivity gain of work and ball screws quality design pursuant to the use in numerical control machines. The article is devoted to the problem of automation of the designing of ball screws with return ports. These ball screws are an important element of the mechatronic modules of numerically controlled machines, as they affect the accuracy of linear displacement. Research methods: system-oriented analysis, structural analysis, methods of functional and object-matching programming, simulation. The novelty of the work: a method of three-dimensional parametric simulation of nuts of ball screws and a computation algorithm for a ball screw based on the synthesis of well-known techniques, has been developed. Research results: a software product consisting of modules that together automate the design process of nuts, screws, rigid supports, tilting saddles and ball screw coupling elements, has been developed. Conclusions: the developed methods for calculation of basic ball screw parameters can be used as the algorithmic basis of software products. Since the process for designing ball screw nuts with return ports has been automated, there are grounds for developing automation methods for other types of nuts.

The effect of a 12-week functional training program on functional movement patterns and dynamic balance in young elite ice hockey players

Abstract Study aim: This study examined the effects of a 12-week functional training (FT) program on basic movement patterns and dynamic balance in hockey players. Material and methods: Forty-three male ice hockey players aged 16.2 ± 0.76 years, were allocated into the experimental (EG) or control (CG) groups. The EG underwent additional 60-minute supervised FT sessions twice weekly, while the CG had an additional 60-minute team game class and swimming class. Fundamental movement patterns were assessed using the functional movement screening (FMSTM), whereas dynamic balance was assessed by the Y-balance test (YBT). Results: After completion of the FT program, the hockey players assigned to the EG achieved higher results in the deep squat (p = 0.0143), hurdle step (p = 0.0002), in-line lunge (p = 0.0082), shoulder mobility (p = 0.0455), and rotatory stability tests (p = 0.0253), had higher total FMSTM scores (p = 0.0003), and less asymmetry (p = 0.0032) than at baseline. They improved all of the normalized scores in YBT. The hockey players assigned to the CG did not improve their results, but their performance decreased in the hurdle step test (p = 0.0082), and they showed more asymmetry (p = 0.0124) than at baseline. Conclusions: The implementation of FT can lead to significant improvements in fundamental movement patterns and dynamic balance among ice hockey players. This suggests that implementing FT can enhance fundamental movement patterns in athletes and should be considered an integral part of sports training. By integrating FT into regular training routines, athletes across different sports may potentially improve their movement patterns, thereby enhancing their overall performance and reducing the risk of injury.

ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ЯЗЫКОВ ПРОГРАММИРОВАНИЯ ОТ ПРОЦЕДУРНЫХ К ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫМ ЛОГИЧЕСКИМ ПАРАДИГМАМ

The article considers the evolution of programming languages from procedural to functional and logical paradigms. Particular attention is paid to key stages in the development of programming languages, such as the transition from procedural methods to object-oriented, functional and logical approaches. The article provides a comparative analysis of various paradigms, their advantages and disadvantages, and discusses modern trends and hybrid languages that combine elements of several paradigms. The impact of these changes on software development is considered and further directions of development of programming languages are predicted.

Stylo-linguistic analysis of structure in Niyi Osundare's poem “The Rainsong”

This study conducts a stylo-linguistic analysis of Niyi Osundare's poem "The Rainsong," examining the language, form, and structure used to convey meaning and impact. Through a detailed analysis of graphological, phonological, syntactic, and lexico-semantic features, the study reveals the poet's deliberate choices in crafting a powerful and impactful work of poetry. It highlights the use of repetition, personification, imagery, and defamiliarization to create a sense of urgency, hope, and optimism, demonstrating how the poet's use of language and form shapes our understanding of the world. Employing Halliday's Systemic Functional Language as its theoretical underpinning and adopting the methodology of close reading and text analysis, this study contributes to the field of literary analysis. It demonstrates the value of stylo- linguistic analysis in uncovering the intricacies of poetic language and informing teaching and learning practices to better appreciate the complexities of poetry.

Knuth–Morris–Pratt illustrated

Abstract The Knuth–Morris–Pratt (KMP) algorithm for string search is notoriously difficult to understand. Lost in a sea of index arithmetic, most explanations of KMP obscure its essence. This paper constructs KMP incrementally, using pictures to illustrate each step. The end result is easier to comprehend. Additionally, the derivation uses only elementary functional programming techniques.

A review for the Journal of Functional Programming of Sandy Maguire, Algebra-Driven Design (Leanpub, 2020).

A review for the Journal of Functional Programming of Sandy Maguire, Algebra-Driven Design (Leanpub, 2020).

Implementation of Exercises Functional Program on Knee Osteoarthritis in Women

Implementation of Exercises Functional Program on Knee Osteoarthritis in Women

Monadic Expressions and Their Derivatives

There are several well-known ways to compute derivatives of regular expressions due to Brzozowski, Antimirov or Lombardy and Sakarovitch. We propose another one which abstracts the underlying data structures (e.g. sets or linear combinations) using the notion of monad. As an example of this generalization advantage, we first introduce a new derivation technique based on the graded module monad and then show an application of this technique to generalize the parsing of expressions with capture groups and back references. We also extend operators defining expressions to any n-ary functions over value sets, such as classical operations (like negation or intersection for Boolean weights) or more exotic ones (like algebraic mean for rational weights). Moreover, we present how to compute a (non-necessarily finite) automaton from such an extended expression, using the Colcombet and Petrisan categorical definition of automata. These category theory concepts allow us to perform this construction in a unified way, whatever the underlying monad. Finally, to illustrate our work, we present a Haskell implementation of these notions using advanced techniques of functional programming, and we provide a web interface to manipulate concrete examples.