Systemic Functional Analysis Research Articles

Electroacupuncture improves pulmonary function by reducing inflammatory reaction via inhibiting miR-19b-3p to regulate SOCS3/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway in mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

To explore whether electroacupuncture(EA) can increase the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)3 by affecting the expression of miR-19b-3p, inhibiting the continuous activation of janus kinase (JAK)1 /signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 signaling pathway, and improve pulmonary inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mice. Forty mice were randomly divided into normal, COPD model, COPD+EA, and COPD+miR-19b-3p agomir (agomir)+EA groups. The COPD model was simulated by cigarette smoke exposure for 1 h, twice a day for 3 months. After modeling, mice in the COPD+EA group and the COPD+agomir+EA group received EA stimulation of "Feishu" (BL13) and "Zusanli"(ST36) for 30 min, once every other day, for 14 days. The mice of the COPD+agomir+EA group received intranasal drops of miR-19b-3p agomir solution (50 μL) 24 h before every EA intervention. The pulmonary ventilation functions including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume (FEV) at the 0.05 s and 0.1 s (FEV0.05 and FEV0.1), FEV0.05/FVC and FEV0.1/FVC were detected using a pulmonary function analysis system. The pathological morphology of lung tissue was observed after H.E. staining. The contents of interleukin(IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and IL-1β in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were assayed using ELISA. And the expressions of SOCS3, JAK1, STAT3, phosphorylated(p)-JAK1 and p-STAT3 proteins in the lung tissue were detected using Western blot. The expressions of miR-19b-3p, JAK1, STAT3 and SOCS3 mRNA were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Compared with the normal group, the COPD model group had a significant decrease in the levels of FVC, FEV0.05, FEV0.1, FEV0.05/FVC and FEV0.1/FVC, and the expression levels of SOCS3 mRNA and protein (P<0.001) and a significant increase in the contents of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β, and the expression levels of miR-19b-3p, JAK1 and STAT1 mRNAs, and p-JAK/JAK1 and p-STAT3/STAT3 protein expression ratio (P<0.001). After EA intervention, the decreased and increased levels of all the indexes mentioned above were reversed in the COPD+EA group (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05). The effect of the EA+agomir were significantly less than EA in up-regulating the levels of FVC, FEV0.05, FEV0.1, FEV0.05/FVC and FEV0.1/FVC, and the expression levels of SOCS3 protein and in down-regulating the contents of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and expressions of JAK1 and STAT3 mRNA, and p-STAT3/STAT3 (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05), suggesting that the effects of EA were weakened after intranasal drops of miR-19b-3p agomir. H.E. staining showed thickened alveolar wall, obvious inflammatory cell infiltration, with some ruptured alveoli fused into large vesicles in the model group, slightly dilated alveoli and small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration in the COPD+EA group, and slight alveolar fusion, slight thickening of alveolar wall, and light inflammatory cell infiltration in the COPD+agomir+EA group. EA can inhibit the expression of miR-19b-3p, thereby up-regulating SOCS3 expression and inhibiting the overactivation of JAK1/STAT3 signaling, thus reducing lung inflammatory reaction to improve pulmonary function in mice with COPD.

ANALYSIS OF TEXT-IMAGE RELATIONSHIP IN SELECTED ONLINE NIGERIAN NEWSPAPER CARTOONS ON COVID 19 PANDEMIC

The study conducted an analysis of text-image relationship in selected on-line Nigeria Newspaper cartoons, using Systemic Functional Multimodal Discourse Analysis (SF-MDA) developed by (Djonov, 2005 and O’Halloran, 2008) as approach to the COVID 19 cartoons. A descriptive and discursive approach were adopted for the study. The corpus of the study consisted 6 (Six) online COVID-19 cartoons which were drawn from the following 3 (Three) online National Newspapers in Nigeria: The Punch, The Iniquere and The Niche, published from the period of March, 2020 and December, 2020. The findings of the study revealed that, COVID 19 cartoons rely heavily on the interplay between images and words specific language use especially caricature as a tool to communicate social and political messages. Thus, through creative combination of images and words, COVID 19 cartoons have the potentials of entertaining and informing the public on current issues. The study therefore recommended that, the use of irony by using words or pictures to describe the opposite of what is such as what should be in COVID 19 cartoons should also be investigated.

REFLECTION IN THE STRUCTURE OF INNOVATIVE COMPETENCE OF TEACHERS IN GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The issue of the article concerns the topical issue of innovative competence and its components. The author aimed to characterize one of the components of this education, which refers to the ability to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of pedagogical activity, as well as to adjust it as necessary. It is about the skill of reflection as one of the leading features of a teacher with highly developed innovative competence, since the creation and implementation of innovations requires regular analysis not only of the process of implementing something new in the educational process but also of observing and evaluating the personality of the teacher as a specialist who carries out innovative activities. Thanks to the use of such methods of scientific research as system-structural and system-functional analysis, generalization and systematization of theoretical aspects of the topic, observation, and study of the products of pedagogical activity, the author conducted a review of scientific literature regarding the essence of innovative competence of a teacher of a general secondary education institution, its structure and key characteristics, in particular, reflection skills. In addition, the publication provides information on reflective competence, which, on the same level as innovative competence, occupies a prominent place in the system of professional characteristics of a teacher regulated by normative documents. The unifying feature for both is the skill of reflection, therefore the article also presents the views of domestic scientists on the essence of this phenomenon and methods of its development and improvement. In addition, practical tools (reflective questionnaires, tables; reflective essays; pedagogical portfolios, etc.) are characterized, which contribute to the formation and improvement of the ability to reflect on one's pedagogical activity, in particular innovative ones. The publication analyzes fragments of reflective essays from teachers of general secondary education institutions who took the experimental course "Innovative aspects of the teacher's activity". This made it possible to conclude the reflexive competence of teachers, the development of reflection skills, as well as to substantiate reflection as a component of innovative competence.

Perawatan Preventive Maintenance Mobil Satlantas Model Sedan Mazda dengan Metode Reliability Centered Maintenance pada Polres Kota X

The aim of this research is to find out the preventive maintenance of Mazda Sedan Model Traffic Cars using the reliability centered maintenance method at the City functional block diagram, determining system function and functional failure, failure mode and effect analysis, logic tree analysis, and task selection. The results of this research are that the maintenance system for traffic vehicle units carries out routine check-ups every 5,000 kilometers or every 3 months and for brake and tire components every 10,000 kilometers or 6 months, the damage that appears with the current maintenance system is the break caliper (right front), hose (water pump), and ball joint, factors that arise with current maintenance problems are safety problems, proposed improvements that need to be made to resolve the problem are preventive maintenance for the break caliper (right front), hose (water pump), and ball joint every 11000 hours or 458 days.

Logical meaning in the discourse on refugee: A systemic functional analysis of Rohingya’s arrival rejection news in Indonesia

The Rohinya’s arrival rejection in Aceh, Indonesia has been reported and become headlines in Indonesia and the world. Understanding how linguistic choices contribute to constructing the identity of the Rohingya within the news media is crucial for a nuanced analysis of the rejection narrative in Indonesia, this study explores the linguistic portrayal of the Rohingya in Indonesian media, particularly focusing on the rejection of Rohingya arrivals in Indonesia during 2023 through logical meaning based on systemic functional linguistic perspective. This research employed a qualitative content analysis design to investigate the linguistic portrayal of Rohingya rejection in Indonesian media during 2023, specifically focusing on 10 English news articles from The Jakarta Post. The selection of as the primary data source is based on its societal significance and popularity in Indonesia. The data were in the form of clause complexes. The findings show that the clauses are represented in paratactic and hypotactic in taxis system. In logico-semantic relation, expansion were realized in the form of extension, elaboration, and enhancement, while projection is realized in the form of locution and idea. Those variation shows of the objectivity and the fact presented in the news regarding Rohingya’s refugee condition.

A Systemic Functional Linguistic Analysis of Mood Structures in News Coverage of Anies Baswedan’s Speech During Presidential Election Debates in The Jakarta Post and TEMPO.CO

The purpose of this study is to use Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics viewpoint to uncover the interpersonal meanings that are realized in five selected news articles from The Jakarta Post and TEMPO.CO. This study employed a qualitative method. The data source is two articles from The Jakarta Post and three articles from TEMPO.CO, all under the categories of the 2024 presidential election debate. The data were collected through textual analysis and close reading techniques. The results of this research are as follows: (1) The declarative mood is frequently used across all five articles with 97% for TJP and 99% for TC. The sentences are mostly realized by temporal deicticity, while modality appears in small percentages. (2) Both TJP and TC potray Anies Baswedan positively but with different emphases. TJP highlights Baswedan’s personal attributes and political background. TC emphasizes Baswedan’s political expertise and policy proposals. This distinction in focus reflects the different strategies employed by TJP and TC to shape public perception during the election period. TJP and TC employ similar tenor patterns where they position themselves as equals to their readers and conveying a positive tone in their interactions.

Research on the Design Method of Camellia oleifera Fruit Picking Machine

Camellia oleifera fruit pickers are essential for improving picking efficiency and promoting the Camellia oleifera industry. However, it is challenging to develop pickers that meet user needs. Current design tools and methods have limitations, such as a single model, poor synergy between integrated models, and subjective bias when analysing user requirements and translating them into product attributes. To solve these problems, this study proposes a new design decision model based on the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), Function Analysis System Technique (FAST), Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ Theory), and extension transformation theory. The model was developed and applied to design an Camellia oleifera fruit picker. In this paper, an empirical investigation of an Camellia oleifera base in Wuhan was carried out, and multi-level demand analysis was used to identify the design demands in the behavioural process; FAHP was used to calculate the demand weights to clarify the design focus; expert knowledge was used to convert the demands into specific product functional features, and FAST was used to decompose these features to find the contradictory conflicts; TRIZ theory was used to determine the principles of resolving the contradictions, and the extension transformation theory were used to generate the creative design solutions for the products. By integrating FAHP, FAST, TRIZ theory and the extension transformation theory, the subjective bias in product design is eliminated, the design decision-making process is improved, and new methods and ideas are provided for the design of oleaginous tea fruit pickers and similar products. Finally, the conceptual design of an Camellia oleifera fruit picking machine was produced. However, the conceptual design has yet to be subjected to exhaustive simulation experiments and prototype testing. Future research will focus on conducting the necessary simulations, prototypes, and field tests to fully assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the design and make the required iterative improvements accordingly to commercialize the product eventually.

PROTECTION OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR AND AIRSPACE OF UKRAINE: LEGAL, REGULATORY, ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS

The study uses general scientific and special methods, the main of which are: abstract-logical, deductive, inductive, historical, modelling and forecasting, methods of system-structural, system-functional analysis, economic and statistical (grouping, comparison, etc.). The use of system analysis methods made it possible to structure the constituent elements of the regulatory and legal support of public administration in the field of protection of atmospheric air and airspace of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to characterise the protection of atmospheric air and airspace of Ukraine in the regulatory, legal, environmental and economic aspects. It is determined that the regulatory framework for regulating the principles of atmospheric air safety is a component of the mechanism for ensuring environmental safety. The article emphasises that for the first time the principles of environmental safety were enshrined in the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine, where the principles of environmental safety were established at the level of a separate section. It is emphasised that the functional content of the administrative and legal protection of atmospheric air includes: ensuring air pollution within the limits of the maximum permissible emission standards in order to ensure the right of a person to a safe and quality environment; greening of production; introduction of ecological fuel quality standards; greening of the energy cluster of the economy, including through the introduction of the principles of decentralisation of the country's energy system; establishment of information interaction between the participants of legal relations in order to ensure the transparency of economic activities related to environmental pollution; formation of a high level of environmental legal awareness, etc. The article draws a conclusion that ensuring proper quality of atmospheric air is a component of the mechanism for ensuring environmental safety. The authors underline that the understanding of the system of regulatory and legal regulation of atmospheric air and airspace protection should be functionally aimed at ensuring compliance with environmental standards for the operation of such facilities in accordance with economic feasibility and social justification. The paper concludes that atmospheric air safety and airspace safety are part of the national security system, where the former is a component of environmental safety and the latter is a component of state security, and should be understood as the state of atmospheric air and the integrity of the air environment, for which physical, chemical and biological properties are established which create favourable and sufficient conditions for the vital activity of people and settlements.

Sulfated polysaccharide from Antrodia cinnamomea mycelium cultured with zinc sulfate stimulates M1 polarization of macrophages through AKT/mTOR pathways

Antrodia cinnamomea-derived sulfated polysaccharides (Ac-SPSs) have health benefits, but their yield is low. This study explores a strategy to increase Ac-SPS yield and elucidates the biofunctions of Ac-SPS. For this, A. cinnamomea mycelia were treated with zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) administered at 1, 10, and 100 μM. Firstly, functional assay indicated that ZnSO4 increases the Ac-SPS yield by 20 %–30 % compared with the control treatment. ZnSO4 engenders a population of middle-molecular-weight (~200 kDa) Ac-SPSs. Ac-SPS (ASZ-10) from A. cinnamomea treated with 10 μM ZnSO4 exhibits the best anti-proliferation ability against lung cancer A549 cells. Co-treatment of ASZ-10 does not inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation but does induce M1-related markers of macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Secondly, immunomodulatory properties showed that ASZ-10 increases the expression of CD80+ and CD86+ in M-CSF-stimulated bone-marrow-derived macrophages. ASZ-10 induces M1 polarization through up-regulation of the AKT/mTOR pathway as confirmed by AKT and mTOR inhibitors eliminating ASZ-10-induced M1-like markers of macrophages. Through systemic chemical and functional analysis, this study shows that trace amounts (10 μM) of ZnSO4 increase Ac-SPS yield and it reveals that ASZ-10 exhibits anti-cancer activity and acts as a stimulator for M1 macrophages by stimulation of AKT and mTOR.

A Framework for Quality Control in Quantitative Proteomics.

A thorough evaluation of the quality, reproducibility, and variability of bottom-up proteomics data is necessary at every stage of a workflow, from planning to analysis. We share vignettes applying adaptable quality control (QC) measures to assess sample preparation, system function, and quantitative analysis. System suitability samples are repeatedly measured longitudinally with targeted methods, and we share examples where they are used on three instrument platforms to identify severe system failures and track function over months to years. Internal QCs incorporated at the protein and peptide levels allow our team to assess sample preparation issues and to differentiate system failures from sample-specific issues. External QC samples prepared alongside our experimental samples are used to verify the consistency and quantitative potential of our results during batch correction and normalization before assessing biological phenotypes. We combine these controls with rapid analysis (Skyline), longitudinal QC metrics (AutoQC), and server-based data deposition (PanoramaWeb). We propose that this integrated approach to QC is a useful starting point for groups to facilitate rapid quality control assessment to ensure that valuable instrument time is used to collect the best quality data possible. Data are available on Panorama Public and ProteomeXchange under the identifier PXD051318.

Research on the application of AHP-FAST-FBS in the design of home entrance disinfection devices in the post-pandemic era

With the outbreak and continued spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, people's demand for daily disinfection products has increased rapidly, and its innovative design has received widespread attention. In this context, this study aims to propose a design methodology for home entrance disinfection devices based on AHP-FAST-FBS. Firstly, the design requirements of the home entrance disinfection device were collected and analyzed through in-depth interviews and the KJ method, and a hierarchical model of design demand indicators was constructed. Secondly, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to quantify these design demand indicators, and core design demands for home entrance disinfection devices were identified by weight calculations. On this basis, the Functional Analysis System Technique (FAST) method was combined to rationally transform the design demands into product functional indicators, constructing a functional system model for the home entrance disinfection device through systematic decomposition and categorization. Lastly, based on the Function-Behavior-Structure (FBS) theoretical model, the mapping of each function of the product to its structure was realized, the product structure modules were determined, and the comprehensive design and output of the innovative design scheme for the home entrance disinfection device were completed. The results of this study indicate that the design methodology combining AHP-FAST-FBS can effectively improve the scientific rigor and effectiveness of the home entrance disinfection device design, thereby generating an ideal product design scheme. This study provides systematic theoretical guidance and practical reference for designers of subsequent related disinfection products and also offers a new path for improving social health and safety.

System networks as a resource in L2 writing education

Abstract This paper argues for the value of system networks as a diagnostic tool in L2 writing education. We report on an investigation of Chinese students learning to write in English over a period of a year in Year 9 of high school, characterizing their choices in the system of modality in different writing tasks over that period, and we also report on an extension of this investigation based on two additional sampling points, Year 12 of high school and Year 3 of university. Our findings indicate that even when we sample L2 texts from three different periods in education, the expansion in the use of the meaning potential embodied in the system of modality is quite limited – as long as we focus on texts from one register. We have also seen from Xuan’s (2015. A longitudinal study of Chinese high school students learning English based on systemic functional text analysis. The Hong Kong Polytechnic University PhD thesis) study of Year 9 writing tasks from a few different registers that there was no clear sense of progression throughout the year. The results show that careful selection and ordering of texts from registers that afford learners with complementary opportunities over time to engage with and master different parts of the resources of the system of modality can be recommended in L2 writing education.

The Synergistic Inhibitory Effect of Combination Drug Treatment of Enteromorpha Prolifera Polysaccaharide and Doxorubicin Hydrochloride on A549 Cell.

As a common drug for tumor therapy, doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) is not yet widely used as a clinical solution. This is due to its toxicity and potential drug resistance. This study investigated the inhibitory effect of enteromorpha prolifera polysaccaharide (EPP) combined with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) on A549 cells, which fall into the cell line of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It also explained the attenuated and synergistic effect of enteromorpha acid polysaccharide along with its synergistic effect on DOX. To evaluate the proliferation inhibitory effect of EPP, DOX and both combined, we monitored cell growth curve and morphology using the real-time cell function analysis and imaging system-xCELLigence RTCA eSight system (eSight system). Flow cytometry was used to monitor cell apoptosis rate and cell cycle distribution. Mitochondrial function was tested by the energy metabolism analysis system. EPP could work with DOX to inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells. Growth curve showed that when 0.4 mg/mL of EPP was mixed with 0.2 µg/mL of DOX for 24 h, the mixure liquid had a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of A549 cells (p < 0.0001). The cells had lower cell adhesiveness, shrinking cell membrane, cytoplasmic aggregation, and hyperchromatic nuclei. According to the flow cytometry results, the combined drug of EPP and DOX could significantly increase the apoptosis rate of A549 cells (p < 0.0001), and block the cell cycle in the G1-S phase. Based on the results of the real-time energy metabolism, we found that the combined drug could significantly reduce A549 cells' ATP production rate and inhibit their mitochondrial respiratory function. The combination of EPP and DOX can block cell cycle, inhibit cell mitochondrial function, promote cell apoptosis, and enhance the killing ability of DOX on tumor cells. This study supports the antitumor activity of enterococcus acid polysaccharide and provides insights on reducing doxorubicin toxicity and drug resistance. It holds great significance for applying traditional Chinese natural medicine in clinical disease treatment.

A framework for quality control in quantitative proteomics.

A thorough evaluation of the quality, reproducibility, and variability of bottom-up proteomics data is necessary at every stage of a workflow from planning to analysis. We share vignettes applying adaptable quality control (QC) measures to assess sample preparation, system function, and quantitative analysis. System suitability samples are repeatedly measured longitudinally with targeted methods, and we share examples where they are used on three instrument platforms to identify severe system failures and track function over months to years. Internal QCs incorporated at protein and peptide-level allow our team to assess sample preparation issues and to differentiate system failures from sample-specific issues. External QC samples prepared alongside our experimental samples are used to verify the consistency and quantitative potential of our results during batch correction and normalization before assessing biological phenotypes. We combine these controls with rapid analysis (Skyline), longitudinal QC metrics (AutoQC), and server-based data deposition (PanoramaWeb). We propose that this integrated approach to QC is a useful starting point for groups to facilitate rapid quality control assessment to ensure that valuable instrument time is used to collect the best quality data possible. Data are available on Panorama Public and on ProteomeXchange under the identifier PXD051318.

Revealing the Beauty Standard of Miss Universe 2019 in Video Advertisement: Systemic Functional Linguistic

This study examines the YouC 1000 'Confidence' edition video advertisement, focusing on the interplay between verbal and visual elements to convey a nuanced message about beauty, health, and cultural identity. The purpose of this study is to reveals the interplay between verbal and visual that constructing beauty standard meaning of Miss Universe 2019. Qualitative study as the method applied and documentation as the data. There are several theories implies to find out the beauty standard including Systemic Functional Multimodal Discourse Analysis (SF-MDA) by O’Halloran (2004), Systemic Functional Linguistic especially in Transitivity and Mood analysis by Halliday (1960), Visual Grammar especially in Representational meaning by Kress and Leeuwen (2006), and Interplay between verbal and visual. The findings shows that verbal and visual elements work together to create meaning in beauty and convey that beauty is exist in confidence, well-being, and inner validation.

Construction and application of product optimisation design model driven by user requirements

User requirements serve as the primary reference content in product design. The effective capture of crucial user requirements, followed by the development of a product technical solution aligned with these requirements, stands as a pivotal approach to enhancing design efficiency. In order to explore the problem of generating and decision-making of product technical solutions in the case of complex user demands, this study constructs a user requirements driven product optimization design model, which is used to complete the generation and decision-making of product design solutions in a more reasonable way. The model unfolds across three key stages: Firstly, a user requirements importance ranking system is crafted leveraging Kano Model and Pairwise Analysis. Next, employing the Functional Analysis System Techniques (FAST) theory and the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) theory, user requirements undergo transformation into technical solutions. Finally, these technical solutions are amalgamated into diverse technical combinations, with decisions facilitated by a game theory model to yield the optimal overall design solution. The new optimal design model reduces the influence of subjectivity and ambiguity in the process of user requirements analysis, increases the reliability of the transformation of user requirements into technical solutions, and improves the efficiency of the generation and decision-making of product design solutions under multiobjective situations. The model proposed in this study is exemplified through the development of a medicated bath water heater. Results indicate that the technical solution derived from the model surpasses similar products in terms of user satisfaction, thereby validating its feasibility.

The effect of body weight-supported Tai Chi Yunshou on upper limb motor function in stroke survivors based on neurobiomechanical analysis: a four-arm, parallel-group, assessors-blind randomized controlled trial protocol.

A series of functional disorders commonly occur after stroke, of which upper limb dysfunction is the most difficult to recover. The upper limb rehabilitation effect of Tai Chi Yunshou(TCY) in the later stage of stroke has been confirmed by research. Body weight support-Tai Chi Yunshou (BWS-TCY) is based on TCY exercise and robotic exoskeletons offers most flexibility in deweighting and control strategy. This study is aimed to explore the effect of BWS-TCY on upper limb motor function in stroke based on neurobiomechanics. A single-blind randomized controlled trial will be conducted on 36 stroke survivors who will be randomly assigned to three groups: experimental group, control group A and control group B. In addition, 12 healthy elderly people will be recruited into the healthy control group. Those in the experimental group will receive 20 min of CRT and 20 min of BWS-TCY training, while participants in the control group A will receive 20 min of CRT and 20 min of Robot-assisted training. Participants in the control group B will undergo 40 min of Conventional rehabilitation training (CRT) daily. All interventions will take place 5 days a week for 12 weeks, with a 12-week follow-up period. No intervention will be carried out for the healthy control group. Upper limb function will be assessed before and after the intervention using various rating scales (Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Wolf Motor Function Test, etc.), as well as neurobiomechanical analyses (surface electromyography, functional near-infrared brain function analysis system, and Xsens maneuver Capture System). Additionally, 10 healthy elderly individuals will be recruited for neurobiomechanical analysis, and the results will be compared with those of stroke survivors. The results of this study will offer initial evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of BWS-TCY as an early intervention for stroke rehabilitation. Positive findings from this study could contribute to the development of guidelines for the use of BWS-TCY in the early stages of stroke. This study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committees of the seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Study ID: 2022-7th-HIRB-022). The results of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences. https://clinicaltrials.gov/, ChiCTR 2200063150.

Analysis of the stomatognathic system functions and mastication muscles in children affected by molar hypomineralization (MH): a cross-sectional study.

To analyze the functions of the stomatognathic system in children with or without molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH). For this cross-sectional study, 72 children aged 6-12years were recruited and divided in two groups: with MIH (G1) and without MIH (G2). T-SCAN was used to verify the distribution of occlusal contacts, gnathodynamometer to measure maximum molar bite force, and Iowa Oral Pressure Instrument (IOPI) to assess the strength of facial expression muscles. The t test and paired t test (p ≤ 0.05) were used for statistical comparisons. The molars affected by MIH exhibited lower distribution of occlusal forces (p < 0.001) and lower maximum molar bite force (p < 0.05) compared to the molars in the control group. However, there was no difference between the MIH-affected sides compared to the unaffected side, nor between the molars affected by MIH and their antagonists (p > 0.05). There were no differences in the forces of the facial expression muscles between the groups. These findings suggest that MIH significantly impacts occlusal force distribution and bite force, but not facial expression musculature.

Patterns of interaction between experiential and interpersonal meanings in student texts in Spanish: grounds for system-based applications in an academic writing context

Abstract This paper presents a systemic functional analysis of process types in academic texts in Spanish from the Appraisal Theory perspective in order to establish connections and observe the interaction of the experiential and interpersonal metafunctions and the systems of Transitivity and Attitude. Our purpose is to explore how student writers use process types to construe their specific disciplinary experience, how they inscribe attitudinal meanings in their texts, and how the Transitivity and Attitude systems interact in student choices in academic writing. We used student texts from the CLAE corpus (Ignatieva, Natalia &amp; M. Cecilia Colombi (eds.). 2014. CLAE: El lenguaje académico en México y los Estados Unidos, un análisis sistémico funcional. Mexico: UNAM). The texts belong to two disciplines (literature and history) and to three text types, or genres, labeled in the university setting as essays, reviews, and question-answers. The methodology included a quantitative and qualitative analysis of 1) process type realizations, 2) expressions of Attitude, classified according to type (Affect, Judgment, Appreciation) and 3) interaction between the process types and Attitude types. This was followed by a comparative analysis between the disciplines and genres, detecting both the similarities and the differences. In addition, some patterns that combine process types and Attitude expressions were found. Such patterns could represent an important tool in the teaching of academic writing in Spanish.

Scaffolding instruction in an EFL drama lesson: a systemic functional analysis

Abstract This paper presents analyses of an EFL drama lesson at a university in China from the perspective of systemic functional linguistics (SFL) to explore the managing of the complexity of learning tasks through scaffolding instruction. Based on pedagogic activity analysis and exchange structure analysis, we show that scaffolding is achieved through the strategic arrangement of classroom activities and the deployment of the multilingual discourse resource of knowledge and action. First, the evaluation of student acting and/or the elaboration based on it frequently serves to prepare the students for acting in the next learning cycle. Second, modelling and explaining acting are achieved through the teacher taking on the roles of secondary actor and primary knower in non-Task phases. Third, the teacher uses students’ L1 in non-Task phases either to model alternative ways of acting or to explain motivations for particular ways of acting. The observations reported in this study have potential implications for teacher education that focuses on teaching drama in EFL programmes.