Introduction: Global epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome (MS) has precipitated a growing interest in the structural-functional changes in blood vessels of children and young adolescents. Subjects and Methods: The study was carried out in 45 children with MS, a comparative group of 25 with only primary obesity and 20 without obesity. The lipid levels were estimated along with a test for insulin resistance by standard methods. The daily monitoring of blood pressure (BP), electrocardiogram, and status of the vascular wall were assessed with automated instrumentation. The pulse rate velocity in aorta, BP, arterial rigidity index and other indices were correlated in all the three groups. Results: In children with MS, there was the demonstrable rigidity of vascular wall; it was 3.5 times more than in children with primary obesity. There was a high correlation of arterial hypertension with body mass index and other features of MS. Conclusion: The data suggests there is a need to conduct long-term interventional studies to intervene reversal of vascular changes.