Full Literature Research Articles

Infrastructure, capabilities, and capacities required for clinical trials design and delivery: A rapid scoping review of recommendations and regulations

Objective Synthesise the published literature and national regulations on infrastructure, capabilities and capacities required to manage and quality assure clinical research. Introduction The World Health Assembly (WHA) resolution 75.8 (2022) called “for a strengthened global architecture for coordinated and high-quality clinical trials”. For this remit, infrastructure, capabilities, and capacities needed to design and deliver high-quality clinical trials must be understood and advanced. This rapid scoping review aims to identify the breadth of requirements and recommendations for effective management of clinical trials in regulations, national legislation and the published literature. The findings will be summarised into themes. It will inform a framework for the assessment and development of units undertaking observational studies and interventional clinical trials. Inclusion criteria Peer-reviewed literature, grey literature, and national legislation that recommends infrastructure, capabilities, and/or capacities needed to manage and quality assure clinical trials. Publications authored by those who design, manage, fund, sponsor, regulate or oversee clinical trials. Methods Peer-reviewed and grey literature will be identified through Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Global Health via Ovid; SCOPUS; the Web of Science Core Collection; and the WHO Global Index Medicus using specific field codes to increase the specificity of the search strings. No date, language, or geographic limits will be applied. Deduplicated titles and abstracts will be screened by two blinded reviewers with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Grey literature may be identified through the peer reviewed literature, supplemented with structured searches of Google and DynaMed. National regulations will be sourced online and from available summaries. Full text literature and regulations will be screened by a single reviewer, with proportionate verification by a second reviewer. Data will be extracted and coded for patterns in NVivo software. All items and codes will be summarised using a thematic framework analysis and identify core constructs within each theme.

Flipping healthcare by including the patient perspective in integrated care pathway design: A scoping review

BackgroundDespite the recognized benefits of integrating patient perspectives into healthcare design and clinical decision support, theoretical approaches and standardized methods are lacking. Various strategies, such as developing pathways, have evolved to address these challenges. Previous research emphasized the need for a framework for care pathways that includes theoretical principles, extensive user involvement, and data from electronic health records to bridge the gap between different fields and disciplines. Standardizing the representation of the patient perspective could facilitate its sharing across healthcare organizations and domains and its integration into journal systems, shifting the balance of power from the provider to the patient. ObjectivesThis study aims to 1) Identify research approaches taken to develop patient-centred, integrated, care pathways supported by electronic health records 2) Propose a socio-technical framework for designing patient-centred care pathways across multiple healthcare levels that integrates the voice of the patient with the knowledge of the care provider and technological perspectives. MethodsThis study conducted a scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and PRISMA-ScR protocol. The databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, IEEE, and Google Scholar were searched using a key term search strategy including variations of patient-centred, integrated care, pathway, framework and model to identify relevant studies. Eligible articles included peer-reviewed literature documenting methodologies for mapping patient-centred, integrated care pathways in healthcare service design. ResultsThis review summarizes the application of care pathway modelling practices across various areas of healthcare innovation. The search resulted in 410 studies, with 16 articles included after the full review and grey literature search. ConclusionsOur research illustrated incorporating patient perspectives into modelling care pathways and healthcare service design. Regardless of the medical domain, our methodology proposes an approach for modelling patient-centred, integrated care pathways across the care continuum, including using electronic health records to support the pathways.

Optimizing patient (pt) care through pt-focused resources to prevent and manage hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR).

e24144 Background: Research has shown that pts and caregivers (non-HCPs) seek medical and disease-related information more than once a month, and this has accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, they find it difficult to understand the information they receive and thus, can be misinformed. By understanding the use of fair-balanced medical information (MI) resources by non-HCPs, pharmaceutical companies can develop scientifically accurate yet pt-friendly resources to meet their needs (Goettner, 2022; Rai, 2022). Upon reviewing the unsolicited oncology inquiries received by our MI department, approximately 25% of inquiries were from non-HCPs seeking information. Over the past 3 years, non-HCPs have submitted almost 10,000 inquiries regarding our oncology products, in which 191 inquiries were specifically regarding HFSR and regorafenib and sorafenib. Historically, our MI department responded to non-HCP inquiries by sharing the product label information. However, we identified an unmet need for trustworthy, comprehensive, and accurate pt resources in plain language. Methods: A full literature review was performed, and the relevant data were summarized in plain language for pts. Both HCPs and pts participated in developing the global pt resource on the prevention and management of HFSR for regorafenib and sorafenib. The seven-page interactive brochure was written in 4th to 6th grade reading level which included images and graphics to enhance the understanding of data, easy navigation to the content of interest, and glossary to define key terms. Furthermore, these materials were translated for pts who participated in the regorafenib and sorafenib Patient Support Program in Brazil to further educate and support pts who have started therapy. Results: As of June 2023, the global pt medical resource has been deployed 28 times in Brazil, delivering key information to non-HCPs on their disease and treatment while emphasizing its practical utility and addressing health literacy challenges. We collected feedback from pts who utilized the translated material, and they described it to be “informative” and “helpful” since it empowered them to effectively navigate and address HFSR-associated discomforts during their treatment journey. The feedback has also been utilized to further enhance the resource’s feasibility. Conclusions: The pt feedback on the brochures showcases the value of pt-focused approach in oncology and the positive impact of collective efforts across all stakeholders including pts, pharmaceutical MI departments and pt programs. Furthermore, it demonstrates how MI can bridge the gap between pt insights and clinical knowledge by addressing their needs and providing practical and trustworthy tools. Not only does this initiative enhance pt understanding but also empowers pts to take a more active role in their treatment and fosters shared-decision making.

A Comparative Analysis of the Quality of Root Canal Fillings of In Vivo Studies Conducted in Saudi Arabia and Worldwide: A Systematic Review.

Root canal treatment (RCT) is a common procedure practiced daily by dentists worldwide. The current systematic review aimed to evaluate and compare clinical studies on the quality of root canal fillings (RCFs) carried out by dentists with different levels of experience conducted worldwide with those conducted specifically in Saudi Arabia (SA). A full literature search was conducted in Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science, Elsevier's Scopus, Embase, CINHAL, and PubMed, without a restriction to studies published before January 2015. Also, a manual search was carried out by checking papers that may have been missed during the electronic search. The following keywords were used: [(quality of root canal filling(s)) OR (quality of root canal obturation)) and dental practitioners as (general dental practitioners; final year students; endodontist; specialist) AND (root canal obturation) OR (endodontic treatment)]. Parameters of the quality of RCFs, such as length, density, and taper, were assessed and counted. A total of 13 worldwide and nine SA studies were included in this review, published between 2015 and 2023. Molars were the most treated teeth, at 42.3% and 40.2% for the worldwide and SA studies, respectively. Cases treated by final year students had the highest percentage, at 60.0% for both study groups. The percentages of acceptable quality, with regard to the length, density, and taper of RCFs, were 70.9%, 77.6%, and 84.3%, and 73.2%, 64.6%, and 67.8% for the worldwide and SA studies, respectively. The overall acceptable quality of RCFs was marginally higher in worldwide studies than in SA studies. Both prevalences can be considered as good, which indicates that the quality of RCFs is moving in the right direction.

Women’s autonomy in healthcare decision making: a systematic review

ObjectivesAlthough there are calls for women’s empowerment and gender equity globally, there are still large disparities regarding women’s autonomy in healthcare decision making. The autonomy of women is believed to be crucial in improving their health-related outcomes. This review discusses factors that influence autonomy among women in healthcare decision making.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesPubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from 2017–2022.Eligibility criteriaThe inclusion criteria include original articles, case studies and reports that has been written in the English Language, while manuscripts with no full article, reviews, newspaper reports, grey literatures, and articles that did not answer the review objectives were excluded.Data extraction and synthesisWe carried out data extraction using a standardized data extraction form, that has been organized using Microsoft Excel. A narrative synthesis was carried out to combine the findings of all included articles.ResultsA total of 70 records were identified and 18 were reviewed, yielding eight articles to be included in the accepted list of studies. All studies were conducted in developing countries and most of the studies were cross sectional. Factors that were associated with women’s autonomy in healthcare decision making were age, women’s education and occupation, husbands’/partners’ education and occupation, residential location or region of residence, household wealth index as well as culture and religion.ConclusionsIdentification of these factors may help stakeholders in improving women’s autonomy in healthcare decision making. Policymakers play a crucial role in healthcare decision making by enacting laws and policies that protect women's rights, promoting gender-sensitive healthcare services, ensuring access to comprehensive information, promoting health education, and supporting vulnerable populations. These efforts ensure women's autonomy including able to access to unbiased and effective healthcare services.

Information needs of stroke survivors and their family members regarding post-stroke cognition: a scoping review protocol.

The aim of this review is to map current evidence describing the information needs of stroke survivors and family members regarding cognition. Managing cognitive changes is the most frequently reported unmet need among stroke survivors; hence, there is an urgent need to improve support for post-stroke cognitive impairment. While there is evidence that psychoeducation may help stroke survivors and their family members develop awareness about cognitive impairment and self-management strategies, it is unclear what information stroke survivors and their family members want to receive and how their needs change over time. This review will consider peer-reviewed articles describing information needs relating to the following cognitive domains: memory, language, attention, executive function, praxis, and number processing. Stroke survivors and/or their family members must comprise at least 50% of the study population and must be aged at least 18 years. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies will be included. The review will be conducted in line with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. A full literature search will be conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO (Ovid), Embase, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and Scopus using a search strategy developed in consultation with an expert university librarian. Articles will be screened by title, abstract, and full text; then, data will be extracted by 2 independent reviewers. The reference lists of included articles will be hand-searched for additional material. Data analysis and reporting will involve qualitative (textual narrative synthesis) and quantitative (descriptive statistics) methods.

An Interdisciplinary Scoping Review of Sustainable E-Learning within Human Resources Higher Education Provision

Background: This paper has identified a gap in the extant Human Resource higher education literature in relation to the use of sustainable e-learning pedagogy. As such, a scoping review has been undertaken to draw conclusions to help narrow this gap. This review is timely, given the rise in e-Human Resource practices in organisations. Introduction: For Human Resource e-learning to be truly sustainable, consideration also needs to be given to the broader driving forces impacting its long-term viability in university provision. The objectives of this paper are focused on exploring the interdisciplinary nature of the context, challenges, benefits, and future directions of sustainable e-learning in tertiary education. Design: the methodological design is based upon the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. Discussion: this scoping review also considers the emerging e-learning sustainability issues at the university level to determine if a full systematic literature review would be beneficial in the long term. Conclusions: this paper offers conclusions to support Human Resource researchers and educators who wish to push the boundaries of sustainable e-learning research. Future Direction: this paper also points to the speed of advances in AI and the need to move from a uni-generational to a multi-generational sustainable e-learning focus.

Effect of minimally invasive versus open surgery in hepatectomy on postoperative wound complications in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis.

In a meta-analysis, we assessed the impact of different surgical approaches on the outcome of hepatectomy with hepatocellular carcinoma. Four databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science, have been critically reviewed through the full literature through June 2023. Eleven related trials were examined once they had met the trial's classification and exclusion criteria, as well as the assessment of the quality. A random effects approach was applied to analysis of operative organ infections, and a fixed-effect model was applied to determine the 95% CI and OR. Analysis of the data was done with RevMan 5.3. Our findings indicated that patients undergoing minimally invasive liver cancer surgery had significantly lower risks of surgical organ infection (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.16-0.77; p = 0.009) and wound infection (OR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.13-0.28; p < 0.001) compared to those undergoing open surgery. There was no heterogeneity observed between the two groups (I2 = 0) in wound infection. Nevertheless, because of the limited number of randomised controlled trials in this meta-analysis, care should be taken and carefully considered in the treatment of these values. Further high-quality studies involving a large number of samples are needed to validate and reinforce the results.

A Review of Research Exploring Pre-service Teacher Education for the Digital Era

Internet and digital technologies play increasingly important roles in schooling systems. With teaching and schools evolving due to the integration of technologies, pre-service teacher education will also change. Through a systematic and full literature review of papers published in the recent over 10 years, this study examines research exploring pre-service teacher education for the digital era. The articles analyze critically what has as well as has not been studied over a series of literature and broad contexts on digital integration in schools. Digital competencies should be generic, teaching and professional. The future research lies in how pre-service teachers learn to take part in the professional work in education system infused with digital technologies. A idea of professional digital literacy is proposed.

Overcoming Data Fabrication in Scientific Research

The goal of this study is to identify the factors that contribute to the occurrence of data fabrication in scientific research and to propose prevention methods that can be implemented by research agencies or research institutions. The study is a full literature review; it analyzes previous studies related to the contributing factors of researchers fabricating data and its effects such as the impact on the world of scientific research in addition to damaging the researcher's credibility and causing a loss of public trust in the findings of scientific research. Furthermore, another effect of data fabrication is the retraction of the publication, which will result in the researchers' lifetime ban from conducting scientific research. It is proven that data fabrication is a significant contributor to the retraction of papers, with a percentage of 49.4%. The finding of this study is to come out with several suggestions for prevention strategies for data fabrication, such as empowering training in research integrity and enforcement of academic research policy. It also concludes with recommendations for improving research ethics with a well-designed plan for fostering research integrity in various platforms for a better future.

Trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients: A meta-analysis and review of the literature (2012-2022).

e24101 Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer diagnosed, and 10-15% of BC patients develop a HER2-positive disease with a poor prognosis. In a previous meta-analysis of NCCTG N9831 and NSABP B-31 trials, treatment of early-stage HER2-positive BC patients with Trastuzumab and chemotherapeutic drugs improved overall survival by 37%. Trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity (TIC) is characterized by cardiac dysfunction, including decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and heart failure. Per package inserts, the incidence of TIC is 4-6 times higher than the control. An important risk factor for TIC is the administration of concomitant anthracycline chemotherapy. Several studies have reported that this treatment combination can significantly reduce LVEF compared to Trastuzumab alone. In this study, we compiled recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical trial data to evaluate the incidence of cardiotoxicity in Trastuzumab-treated BC and study management guidelines specifically directed for TIC. This will help reduce the morbidity and mortality in these patients. Methods: Our search included PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library articles from July 2012 through July 2022. RCTs and clinical trials that used Trastuzumab as a therapy and reported its cardiotoxic effects were included. A random-effects model was utilized with Review Manager, and a P value &lt; 0.05 was considered significant. The entire analysis of treatment and control groups had various guideline-directed chemotherapies, including anthracycline-based regimens. Results: Our initial search yielded 26 results. After a full literature review by two independent reviewers, we selected four studies that included 1481 patients with cardiotoxicity data in the treatment and control groups. The analysis pooled from clinical trials showed that the odds of cardiotoxicity (specifically LVEF reduction) in patients treated with Trastuzumab were about seven times higher than the control group (OR 6.78, 95% CI 2.85-16.09, p-value &lt; 0.0001). The guidelines recommend withholding Trastuzumab for ≥ 16% absolute decrease in LVEF from pre-treatment values or an LVEF value below normal institutional limits and ≥ 10% absolute decrease in LVEF from pretreatment values. The safety of continuation or resumption of Trastuzumab in patients with TIC has not been studied, and there are no standardized management guidelines. Conclusions: We conclude in our study that the odds of TIC are increased by almost seven times compared to chemotherapy alone. In addition to just regular monitoring of these patients with history, physical examination, and determination of LVEF by echocardiogram or MUGA scan per protocol, there is a need to formulate guidelines for continuation or resumption of Trastuzumab in patients with TIC.

Efficacy of available treatments for periungual and subungual pyogenic granulomas: A systematic review

Efficacy of available treatments for periungual and subungual pyogenic granulomas: A systematic review

Consumer Buying Behaviour Towards Online and Offline Shopping: Pre, During and Post Covid 19 Pandemic

Purpose: The objective of this study is to examine consumer buying behaviour &amp; figure out what factors influence consumer buying behaviour in towards online and offline shopping before ,during and post Covid 19 outbreak. Theoretical framework: The essay covers numerous consumer buying behaviour strands. This study examines consumer buying behaviour and factors. As it is based on previous research, it provides a full literature review. The research also identified under reported concerns. Design/methodology/approach: A comprehensive review of 90 published articles was conducted by using multiple databases on various areas. After reviewing the required literature, variables were combined with the goal of simplifying trends in literary works relating to consumer buying behaviour. The article lays forth a conceptual framework for assessing both online and offline consumer buying behaviour and would aid in our understanding of the phenomena. Findings: The results highlighted elements like convenience, payment methods, and offers, all of which are key aspects to take into account when making a purchase. Research, Practical &amp; Social implications: Practitioners, politicians, and researchers may use the data to better understand consumer buying behaviour. The study's theoretical contributions will provide beneficial recommendations. The results will help marketers and consumer behaviour academics. This study sheds new light on COVID-19 consumers' buying habits. This study affects companies that provide online and offline purchasing services. Situational circumstances affect policy. Originality/value: The findings of this research provide insight into consumer buying patterns for both online and offline shopping. This research advances our knowledge of both online and offline shopping by providing a conceptual framework for analyzing consumer buying behavior before and after the Covid-19 outbreak.

The Effect Of Percussive Therapy On Musculoskeletal Performance And Experiences Of Pain: A Systematic Literature Review.

There is a lack of specific research on the effect of percussive therapy (PT) delivered by massage guns on physiological adaptations. This systematic literature review investigates research conducted on the effects of PT interventions on performance in strength and conditioning settings, and on experiences of musculoskeletal pain. To determine the effect of PT delivered by massage guns on physiological adaptations: muscle strength, explosive muscle strength and flexibility, and experiences of musculoskeletal pain. Systematic literature review. Data sources (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Psychinfo, PubMed, SportDISCUS and OpenGrey) were searched from January 2006 onwards for full text literature in any language involving adult populations receiving PT delivered by massage guns, directly to any muscle belly or tendon, with comparisons to an alternative treatment, placebo or no treatment. Literature with outcomes relating to acute or chronic physiological adaptations in muscle strength, explosive muscle strength, flexibility or experiences of musculoskeletal pain were included. Articles were assessed for quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme and PEDro scores. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies had limitations in methodological quality or reporting of findings but still included contextually-rich details that contributed to the overall narrative synthesis. A significant relationship was found between a single application of PT delivered by massage guns and an acute increase in muscle strength, explosive muscle strength and flexibility, with multiple treatments eliciting a reduction in experiences of musculoskeletal pain. PT delivered by massage guns can help improve acute muscle strength, explosive muscle strength and flexibility, and reduce experiences of musculoskeletal pain. These devices may provide a portable and cost-effective alternative to other forms of vibration and interventions.

Patients and Families' Participation in Multidisciplinary Tumor Conferences Improves Patient and Family-Focused Cancer Care: Lessons Learned From a Debate on the Role of Radiation Therapy in Primary Mediastinal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Incorporation of patients' preferences often leads to improved outcomes when included in the multidisciplinary tumor conference/board (MTC). However, patients' wishes are not included or considered in the MTC decision-making. We need better strategies and approaches for patient-inclusive, shared decision-making. When finding ourselves at a crossroads regarding the next step in a patient's treatment, we saw a unique opportunity for an MTC with the patient and her husband in attendance. The results of a full literature review regarding the role of consolidative radiation therapy (RT) in a patient with primary (thymic) B-cell lymphoma after completion of chemotherapy and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) scan with a Deauville score of 4 were presented in a creative, engaging debate-style forum with visual aids. The patient and her husband were able to follow the discussion and, in the end, a consensus recommendation, heavily focused on the patient's preferences, was offered and adopted, which ultimately resulted in the avoidance of excess treatment and likely improved her long-term quality of life outcome. These collaborative and innovative interactions benefit not only our patients but enrich our lives too as healthcare providers and strengthen us as a cancer care team in terms of understanding diversity in decision-making processes.

Employee Engagement as Human Motivation: Implications for Theory, Methods, and Practice.

The central theoretical construct in human resource management today is employee engagement. Despite its centrality, clear theoretical and operational definitions are few and far between, with most treatments failing to separate causes from effects, psychological variables from organizational variables, and internal from external mechanisms. This paper argues for a more sophisticated approach to the engagement concept, grounding it in the vast psychological literature on human motivation. Herein lies the contribution of our paper; we argue that the apparent diversity of operational definitions employed by academics and practitioners can be understood as tentative attempts to draw ever nearer to key motivational concepts, but never quite get there. We review the leading definitions of employee engagement in the literature and find that they are reducible to a core set of human motives, each backed by full literatures of their own, which populate a comprehensive model of twelve human motivations. We propose that there is substantial value in adopting a comprehensive motivational taxonomy over current approaches, which have the effect of "snowballing" ever more constructs adopted from a variety of fields and theoretical traditions. We consider the impact of rooting engagement concepts in existing motivational constructs for each of the following: (a) theory, especially the development of engagement systems; (b) methods, including the value of applying a comprehensive, structural approach; and (c) practice, where we emphasize the practical advantages of clear operational definitions.

Recent Advances of Tubulin Inhibitors Targeting the Colchicine Binding Site for Cancer Therapy.

Cancer accounts for numerous deaths each year, and it is one of the most common causes of death worldwide, despite many breakthroughs in the discovery of novel anticancer candidates. Each new year the FDA approves the use of new drugs for cancer treatments. In the last years, the biological targets of anticancer agents have started to be clearer and one of these main targets is tubulin protein; this protein plays an essential role in cell division, as well as in intracellular transportation. The inhibition of microtubule formation by targeting tubulin protein induces cell death by apoptosis. In the last years, numerous novel structures were designed and synthesized to target tubulin, and this can be achieved by inhibiting the polymerization or depolymerization of the microtubules. In this review article, recent novel compounds that have antiproliferation activities against a panel of cancer cell lines that target tubulin are explored in detail. This review article emphasizes the recent developments of tubulin inhibitors, with insights into their antiproliferative and anti-tubulin activities. A full literature review shows that tubulin inhibitors are associated with properties in the inhibition of cancer cell line viability, inducing apoptosis, and good binding interaction with the colchicine binding site of tubulin. Furthermore, some drugs, such as cabazitaxel and fosbretabulin, have been approved by FDA in the last three years as tubulin inhibitors. The design and development of efficient tubulin inhibitors is progressively becoming a credible solution in treating many species of cancers.

E-TSN: an interactive visual exploration platform for target-disease knowledge mapping from literature.

Target discovery and identification processes are driven by the increasing amount of biomedical data. The vast numbers of unstructured texts of biomedical publications provide a rich source of knowledge for drug target discovery research and demand the development of specific algorithms or tools to facilitate finding disease genes and proteins. Text mining is a method that can automatically mine helpful information related to drug target discovery from massive biomedical literature. However, there is a substantial lag between biomedical publications and the subsequent abstraction of information extracted by text mining to databases. The knowledge graph is introduced to integrate heterogeneous biomedical data. Here, we describe e-TSN (Target significance and novelty explorer, http://www.lilab-ecust.cn/etsn/), a knowledge visualization web server integrating the largest database of associations between targets and diseases from the full scientific literature by constructing significance and novelty scoring methods based on bibliometric statistics. The platform aims to visualize target-disease knowledge graphs to assist in prioritizing candidate disease-related proteins. Approved drugs and associated bioactivities for each interested target are also provided to facilitate the visualization of drug-target relationships. In summary, e-TSN is a fast and customizable visualization resource for investigating and analyzing the intricate target-disease networks, which could help researchers understand the mechanisms underlying complex disease phenotypes and improve the drug discovery and development efficiency, especially for the unexpected outbreak of infectious disease pandemics like COVID-19.

DİJİTAL DÜNYANIN DÜNÜ, BUGÜNÜ VE YARINI: BİLİŞİM SEKTÖRÜNÜN GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRME

Bilişim sektörü özellikle iki binli yıllar sonrasında büyük bir dönüşüm geçirmiştir. Bu dönüşüm tüm sektörleri bir şekilde etkilemiştir. Çalışma bu değişim ve dönüşümü yıllar içinde değerlendirmekte ve bu etkiyi, değişimi paydaşlar üzerine etkisini tartışmaktadır. Türkiye ve dünyada bilişim sektörünün bu değişimden nasıl etkilendiğini ortaya koymakta, bilişim sektöründe ilgili dönemlerde ön plana çıkan ülkelerin bu yöndeki başarılı olduğu noktaları değerlendirmektedir. Bilişim sektöründeki zaman içindeki değişiminin, akademik disiplinler üzerinde ne tür değişimler oluşturduğunu, yönetim bilişim sistemleri disiplinini merkeze alarak değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmamıza kaynak oluşturan dokümanlar belirli bir sistematik ile ve düzende taranmış, belirlenen araştırma sorulanını cevaplanması için kapsamlı literatür taraması ile konu değerlendirilmiştir. Önceleri bilişim sektörü, ABD, Almanya, Japonya gibi sektörde köklü bir geçmişi olan ülkeler üzerinden dönüşmektedir. Sonraları, yıllar içinde yürüttükleri başarılı politikalar ile Hindistan, İsrail, İrlanda gibi ülkeler, sektörde söz sahibi olmuşlar ve önemli bir yer elde etmişlerdir. Günümüzde ise doksanlı yıllarda sektörde ismini çok duymadığımız Çin, bilişim sektöründe yürüttüğü kararlı politikalar ile ön plana çıktığı görülmektedir. Hızla dijitalleşen dünyada önceleri sektörde ismi duyulmayan pek çok ülke bu sektörde varlık göstermeye başlamaktadır. Türkiye iki binli yıllarda sahip olduğu yoğun genç nüfusa günümüzde sahip değildir. Türkiye’nin bilişim sektöründe farklılaştırılmış ve ülke dinamiklerinin farkında stratejiler gütmesi gerektiği ifade edilebilir.

AHP-Based Systematic Approach to Analyzing and Evaluating Critical Success Factors and Practices for Component-Based Outsourcing Software Development

Component-based software development (CBSD) is a difficult method for creating complicated products or systems. In CBSD, multiple components are used to construct software or a product. A complex system or program can be created with CBSD quickly and with money while maintaining excellent quality and security. On the other hand, this research will persuade outsourced vendor companies to embrace CBSD approaches for component software development. We conducted a systemic literature review (SLR) to investigate the success factors that have a favorable impact on software outsourcing vendors’ organizations, and we selected 91 relevant research publications by creating a search string based on the study questions. This useful information was compiled using Google Scholar, IEEE Explore, MDPI, WILLEY Digital Library, and Elsevier. Furthermore, we completed all of the procedures in SLR for the full literature review, including the formulation of the SLR protocol, initial and final data collection, retrieval, assessment processes, and data synthesis. Among the ten (10) critical success factors we identified are a well-trained and skilled team, proper component selection, use of design standards, well-defined architecture, well-defined analysis and testing, well-defined integration, quality assurance, good organization of documentation, and well-organized security, and proper certification. Furthermore, the proposed SLR includes 46 best practices for these critical success factors, which could assist vendor organizations in enhancing critical success factors for CBOSD. According to our findings, the discovered success factors are similar and distinct across different periods, continents, databases, and approaches. The recommended SLR will also assist software vendor organizations in implementing the CBSD idea. We used the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method to prioritize and analyze the success factors of component-based outsourcing software development and the result of different equations of the AHP approach to construct the pairwise comparison matrix. The largest eigenvalue was 3.096 and the CR value was 0.082, which is less than 0.1, and thus sufficient and acceptable.