Full Attention Research Articles

Striving to Keep a Clear Conscience by Going Above and Beyond: The Experiences of Intensive Care Unit Nurses.

Working as a nurse in the critical care unit may involve ethical challenges including conflict of conscience. Literature provides very limited knowledge about intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' perception of conscience. Considering the influence of culture on the perception of conscience, it is important to study it in diverse contexts. This study aims were to explore the meaning of conscience and the impact of conscience on nurses' practice in the ICU. A qualitative research approach was used to answer the research question, and qualitative content analysis guided the study. A total of 17 interviews were conducted with ICU nurses. Data were collected through semistructured tools by using videoconferencing and face-to-face interviews. Data analysis resulted in the formation of 2 main categories and 7 subcategories. The main categories included understanding the conscience and unlimited efforts in caretaking as the path to a clear conscience. The category of understanding the conscience includes 3 subcategories of conscience as an intrinsic asset and internal observer, dynamicity of conscience, and conscience as the cornerstone of morality. Also, the category of unlimited efforts in caretaking as the path to a clear conscience consists of 4 subcategories including giving full attention to the patient, putting oneself in another's shoes, taking responsibility, and working beyond the job description. Conscience plays an essential role in providing the ethical care among ICU nurses. The ICU nurses felt that they need to go above and beyond to keep their conscience clear. Nurses expressed the importance of following the call of conscience at their workplace, which demanded unlimited efforts to achieve a clear conscience.

The Use of Online Learning Materials in Teaching History: Teachers’ Experiences

Malaysia, a plural societal country which is also known for its richness in multi religion, multicultural and multilingualism for years. Malaysia comprises various ethnic groups and leaving the Bumiputera, Chinese and Indians as the major ones. To remain the element of multiculturalism and the independence that we; Malaysians have gained, History as a subject plays an important role. History is a compulsory subject for all Malaysian students to study and pass in their form five SPM examinations. Therefore, teaching and learning in a classroom should take place in a fun, interesting and meaningful way to attain the student’s full attention and participation to achieve the intended lesson objectives. As students are keener into technology these days, the use of online learning materials plays a vital role in attaining the student’s participation in History classes. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify the instructional learning materials available in teaching history, factors that teachers consider in selecting instructional materials and the way teachers present and interpret instructional materials in teaching history. A total of five history teachers all over Malaysia are involved in this descriptive study.

BUILDINGOF THE MUGHAL NAVAL FORCES

The military was a major element of the Mughal Empires strength and integrity. Beginning with the formation and mobility of the Mughal land army which led to their victory in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, the Mughal military power grew rapidly alongside the development of the Mughal Empire itself. In compatibility with the position of the Mughal Empire which also controlled the Indian Ocean, Mughal rulers paid attention to the building of the naval force. Commencing with the onset of that statement, the purpose of this article is to examine the purpose of and approaches undertaken by the Mughals in building their naval strength, especially in dealing with enemy threats and consolidating their dominance in the Indian Ocean. This study applied a qualitative approach through historical research and content analysis when collecting and analyzing data from primary and secondary sources. Research findings show that the Mughal navy was built during the era of Akbars reign with the aim of reinforcing the position of the Mughal Empire in several key regions, Gujarat and Bengal being among them, which contributed to economic development within the kingdom. The naval force was given full attention by post-Akbar rulers for the purpose of providing movement support to the land army and dealing with the presence of European powers in India, such as the Portuguese and the British.

IMPROVING STUDENTS' ENGLISH-SPEAKING MOTIVATION AND ACHIEVEMENT THROUGH FIELD TRIP VIDEOS

An essential component of a student's learning process is motivation. The primary issue, specifically VII A in SMP Khadijah 2 Surabaya academic year 2022/2023, was identified by the researcher as a lack of desire during speaking class. The pupils were apathetic, easily bored, did not participate in the learning process, and did not give the assignment their full attention. The purpose of the study is to implement the use of field trip videos to increase the students' English speaking motivation and achievement in VIIA students of SMP Khadijah 2 Surabaya so the lack of motivation and achievement can be solved. The research question for this study is how can the use of field trips videos motivate students to speak English? And, how can the use of field trips videos improve students 'English speaking achievement? To address the issue of low motivation and achievement, the researcher employed classroom action research to install field trip videos. To assess the researcher's data, qualitative and quantitative methodologies are both used. The qualitative approach is used to gather data utilizing field notes, surveys, observations, and interviews. For each cycle, data from the speaking pre- and post-tests are gathered using the quantitative method. The findings show that field trip videos improves students' English speaking motivation and achievement in speaking class. This can be seen from the improvement in each cycle. Nineteen of the twenty-four students received score that exceeded the Minimum Mastery Requirement (KKM).

Grassroots accountability: the practical and symbolic aspects of performance

PurposeThe paper provides a theoretical framework for interdisciplinary accounting scholars interested in performances of accountability in front of live audiences.Design/methodology/approachThis is a processual case study of “Falkirk in crisis” that covers the period from September 2021 to September 2022. The focus of this paper is two-fan-Q&A sessions held in October 2021 and June 2022. Both are naturally occurring discussions between two groups such as are found in previous research on routine events and accountability. This is a theoretically consequential case study.FindingsA key insight of the paper is to identify the practical and symbolic dimensions of accountability. The paper demonstrates the need to align these two dimensions when responding to questions: a practical question demands a practical answer and a symbolic question requires a symbolic answer. Second, the paper argues that most fields contain conflicting logics and highlights that a complete performance of accountability needs to cover the different conflicting logics within the field. In this case, this means paying full attention to both the communitarian and results logics. A third finding is that a performance of accountability cannot succeed if the audience rejects attempts to impose an unpalatable definition of the situation. If these three conditions are not met, the performance is bound to fail.Research limitations/implicationsAn important theoretical coontribution of the study is the application of Jeffery Alexander’s work on political performance to public performances of accountability.Practical implicationsThe phenomenon explored in the paper (what the authors term “grassroots accountability”) has broad applicability to any situation in organizational or civic life where the power apex of an organization is required to engage with a group of informed and committed stakeholders – the “community”. For those who find themselves in the position of the fans in this study, the observations set out in the empirical narrative can serve as a useful practical guide. Attempts to answer a practical complaint with a symbolic answer (or vice versa) should be challenged as evasive.Social implicationsThis paper studies an engagement of elite actors with ordinary (or grassroots) actors. The study shows important rules of engagement, including the importance of respecting the power of practical questions and the need to engage with these questions appropriately.Originality/valueThis paper offers a new vista for interdisciplinary accounting by synthesizing the accountability literature with the political performance literature. Specifically, the paper employs Jeffery Alexander’s work on practical and symbolic performance to study the microprocesses underpinning successful and unsuccessful performances of accountability.

Disease burden of migraine and tension-type headache in non-high-income East and Southeast Asia from 1990 to 2019

BackgroundThe world faces severe challenges from migraine and tension-type headache (TTH), which cause grave disability to patients and place a heavy burden on their caregivers. However, headaches in specific individual regions have rarely been investigated. Therefore, we aimed to fully analyse and describe the current status and changing trends in migraine and TTH in non-high-income East and Southeast Asia to provide more detailed real-world information for policy-making.MethodsThe migraine and TTH data used for analysis were all extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. We adopted three major indicators of disease burden, including prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLD), and two major metrics, including the absolute number and the age-standardized rate, in our present study for further evaluation by age and sex. The results are presented in the form of mean values and 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). In addition, the differences between non-high-income East and Southeast Asia and other regions, as well as the potential associations between headache burden and socioeconomic background, were explored.ResultsIn 2019, approximately 195,702,169 migraine patients and 291,924,564 TTH patients lived in non-high-income East Asia, and 113,401,792 migraine patients and 179,938,449 TTH patients lived in non-high-income Southeast Asia. In terms of specific countries and regions, the highest age-standardized YLD rate (ASYR) of migraine was in Thailand [645 (95% UI: 64 to 1,554)]. The highest ASYR of TTH was in Indonesia [54 (95% UI: 15 to 197)]. Furthermore, people between the ages of 40 and 44, especially females, were identified as the main population that suffered from migraine and TTH. Unfortunately, we did not observe a significant association between headache burden and socioeconomic background.ConclusionsTo date, the threats from migraine and TTH in non-high-income East and Southeast Asia are still serious and ongoing, leading to prominently negative impacts on the daily life and work of local residents. Therefore, full attention and sound guidelines are urgently needed to obtain greater advantages in fighting against the burden of headache disorders in the future.

Geo-sentiment trends analysis of tweets in context of economy and employment during COVID-19.

To effectively design policies and implement measures for addressing problems faced by people during these difficult times of pandemic, it is critical to have a clear vision of the problems people are freely talking about. One of the ways is to analyze social media feeds e.g., tweets, which has become one of the primary ways people express their views on various socioeconomic issues and on-ground effectiveness of measures adopted to address these issues. In this work, we attempt to uncover various socioeconomic issues, which are giving rise to negative and positive sentiments and their trends across geographies over a course of one year of the pandemic. We also try identifying similarities and differences in opinions as they vary across gender as the time passes through the crisis. Many previous works have analyzed sentiments in context of vaccines, fatalities, and lockdowns; however, socioeconomic issues did not receive full attention. We found that sentiments of people with respect to economy are negative across geographies during starting of pandemic. Thereafter, gradually sentiments lift towards positive direction reflecting a sense of improvement in situation. Females appeared to have slightly different concerns and hopes in comparison to males and especially across globe people expressed positive sentiments during new year time. Finally, this work, together with many other similar works on social media analysis gives ground for wide scale adoption of geo-temporal sentiments trend analysis of social media as a tool for uncovering key concerns and effectiveness of measures.

Innovative Business Models for a Sustainable Circular Bioeconomy in the French Agrifood Domain

In recent years, the circular economy and the bioeconomy have increasingly been developed in France, driven by public policies. In this article, innovative circular bioeconomy business models in the French agrifood domain are studied concerning main drivers, business model elements, circular economy principles, enablers and barriers, and sustainability benefits. The study is based on an online review and analysis of 44 local, collaborative and small-scale initiatives. It appears that the strategies of the businesses are based on the seven circular economy pillars laid out by the French Agency for the Environment and Ecological Transition, mostly recycling, sustainable procurement, and industrial and territorial ecology. Geographical embeddedness and the relational proximity of actors are other crucial factors that play a role in the success of these business models, next to pro-environmental consumer trends and local public support. The outcomes further reveal that all three sustainability dimensions are integrally considered in France, with environmental and social dimensions slightly prominent above the economic one. The application of the game concept and its seven building blocks (time, playing fields, pieces, moves, players, rules, wins or loses) allows this study to demonstrate the essential elements of emerging business models within bioeconomy systems, their dynamic interrelations and the need for full policy attention.

Forecast of Advanced Human Capital Gap Based on PSO-BP Neural Network and Coordination Pathway: Example of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region

The upgrading of human capital caused by education is significant to regional development. Reasonable predictions of the degree of advanced human capital in different regions are effective for formulating reasonable talent policies and accelerating regional coordinated development. The BP neural network is a widely used prediction technology. PSO-BP neural network has good global search ability, which can accelerate the convergence speed of traditional BP neural network, which is suitable for forecasting larger data. The study takes the provincial data of China from 2005 to 2019 as an example, using PSO-BP neural network algorithm to predict the advanced level of human capital through the influencing factors filtered by OLS regression. The results show that: (1) Innovation ability and urbanization can play a decisive role in advanced human capital filtered by OLS regression; (2) The results of predicting the development trend of advanced human capital in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region in 2020–2025 through the PSO-BP neural network have showed that there is still a large gap between the senior human capital stock in Hebei-Beijing-Tianjin in terms of total and per capita in 2020–2025 compared with other regions in east of China; (3) Giving full attention to elaborate the positive role of economic quality and quantity development are suitable for narrowing the difference of advanced human capital in this region. Through the method of OLS-BP-neural network, this study explores the gap and influencing factors of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, excavates the reasons for the huge gradient difference in the development of this region, and extends the machine learning prediction method to the analysis of the advanced level of human capital and the research of narrowing the regional development gap.

Can divided attention at retrieval improve memory? Effects of target detection during recognition

ABSTRACT The attentional boost effect (ABE) is an improvement of memory under divided attention conditions in which stimulus encoding is enhanced when a target is detected in a simultaneous target-monitoring distracting task. Here we asked whether memory is similarly improved when the target-monitoring task occurs at the time of retrieval. In four experiments, participants encoded words under full attention then completed a recognition test under either divided attention, during which participants made recognition judgments while performing the target-monitoring task, or full attention, in which the target-monitoring task was not performed. Relative to distractor rejection, target detection increased hits and false alarms under divided attention with no net effect on discrimination. Targets and distractors had no effect on recognition under full attention. The target-related increase in hits and false alarms occurred regardless of whether the target-monitoring material matched or mismatched the test material and regardless of the target-to-distractor ratio and the target response. A change in bias accounts for the phenomenon, in which participants adopt a more lenient criterion for target-paired words than for distractor-paired words. The same divided attention manipulation that enhances memory at encoding does not similarly enhance memory at retrieval. Theoretical explanations are discussed.

Impacts of climate change on soil desiccation in planted forests with different tree ages: A case study in the Loess Plateau of China

Investigating the impacts of climate change on soil desiccation in planted forests is of theoretical and practical importance for water resource management and ecological restoration in the Loess Plateau. In this study, field experiments were conducted in four planted forests (Platycladus orientalis plots) with tree ages of 5, 12, 25, and 35a (abbreviated as T5, T12, T25, and T35 plots, respectively). Based on which, Hydrus–1D models were calibrated and validated to simulate soil water dynamics under preset climate change scenarios. Then, the soil desiccation index (SDI) in different soil layers was calculated and evaluated. The results showed that under historical climate scenarios, soil desiccation levels were slight or medium in T5, T12, and T25 plots but were mainly medium or severe in T35 plots. Future warming and drying climate would greatly increase the SDI in all plots, and its impacts increased with tree ages in the upper soil layers (0–40 cm) but decreased with it in lower layers (40–100 cm). However, it only had limited influence on the responses of soil desiccation to the climate in different hydrological years. Precipitation and vapour pressure deficit dominated soil desiccation in the upper and lower layers, respectively, and both showed linear relationships (p < 0.05) with the SDI in corresponding soil layers. The SDI in the lower layers should be given full attention when controlling soil desiccation, and its rapid increase thresholds of tree ages were 20.3a under historical scenarios, but were unexpectedly delayed to 22.8a under future climate conditions. Our study not only improved the scientific understanding of the soil water conditions and their responses to climate change, but also provided valuable guidelines for the management of water resources and the restoration of the ecological environment in the semi-arid Loess Plateau.

A Scoping Review of the Online Interventions by Nurses for Reducing Negative Impact of Bullying on Students.

The incidents of bullying on students have increased every year. The negative impacts of bullying are physical problems, psychological problems such as depression and anxiety, and even risk of suicide. Interventions by online to reduce the negative impact of bullying are more effective and efficient. The aim of this study is to explore method of online-based nursing intervention on students for reducing the negative impact of bullying. This study used a scoping review method. The literature from three databases were PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus. PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews was used for search strategy and we used keywords were "nursing care OR nursing intervention" AND "bullying OR victimization" AND "online OR digital" AND "student". The inclusion criteria for articles were primary research, the design of articles are randomized control trial or quasi-experimental, samples were students, and the setting time of publication is last 10 years (2013-2022). We found 686 articles based on initial research, after elimination based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and found 10 articles discussing about online-based interventions by nurses on students for reducing the negative effects of bullying. The range of respondents in this study is 31-2771 respondents. The method used for the online-based nursing intervention were improving students' skills, increasing social skills, and counseling. The types of media used are videos, audio, modules, and online discussions. Online interventions were effective and efficient so that they are easily accessible to participants, however, it causes difficulties for participants to access interventions due to internet network disruptions. The potential of online-based nursing interventions is effective to reduce the negative impact of bullying with give full attention in physical, psychological, spiritual, and cultural aspect.

Conceptual changes of the educational component in the vocational education system of modern Ukraine

An attempt was made to analyze conceptual changes in the educational component in vocational education institutions of modern Ukraine on the basis of conducting educational activities, such as observations, surveys of students, focused on the implementation of the new Concept of Education in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated June 06, 2022 No. 527. Taking into account the state of war, the constant threat to the lives of children, being in a mixed or remote form of education, limiting access to resources due to electricity shutdowns, the educational process is reoriented to a mixed and remote form of implementation, efforts are emphasized on patriotism as a national value and tolerance as a European value of democratic societies. The element of military-patriotic education is important because Ukraine needs defenders. The need for an even distribution of the productive time of the student (a daylight period when a student can study and form his own personality) between the processes of education and upbringing is demonstrated. Even in spite of the total busyness of the students outside the main educational institution, namely, preparatory courses for external testing, learning several foreign languages,groups of interest – dancing, drawing, sports, etc. Moreover, in order to involve students in educational activities conducted by an educational institution or held jointly with other institutions (museums, exhibitions, charity events, other educational institutions, professional communities, employers, etc.) or in the activities of student self-government, it is necessary for everyone to prove their importance for formation of the personality of participation in them. Thus, it can be noted that the educational activities carried out in the 1st semester of the current academic year not only corresponded to the new Concept of education, but also satisfied the needs, interests and requests of the students. This is confirmed by their choice of educational activities for the II semester: volunteer activities, mass cultural, scientific, and media activities. For example, online meetings with psychologists, writers, journalists / commentators, lecturers of the world’s leading universities, graduate students / interns / clinical residents, employers, etc. attract students’ attention. It is shown the need to orient the selective component of the educational process from profession-oriented disciplines to social and humanitarian ones, as they contain knowledge of an educational nature and knowledge necessary not only in the professional sphere, but also in private life. As a result of a survey of students of the 1st year of the Separate structural unit “Optical and Mechanical College of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv” it was established that during the period of the state of war, students are more likely to choose a Telegram group-chat to receive information about changes and events from the administration than entertainment communities on TikTok, Facebook, Instagram, where the results of educational activities and excerpts from them are posted. A situation when it is impossible to involve the majority of students (preferably all of them) in educational activities creates gaps in the education of personalities that, one way or another, remain outside the educational process. This is especially important for the students, whose primary social group, for one reason or another, cannot effectively pay full attention to the educational process (due to the difficult economic and political situation parents or guardians have to work overtime). As a result, people who are not capable of coexistence in the social space may appear in the society.

Incidence of Arrhythmias in Patients with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Presenting in Tertiary Care Hospital

Objectives: To determine the incidence of arrhythmias in patients with Dengue Hemorrhagic fever presenting in Tertiary care Hospital. Study Design: Retrospective Observational Study. Settings: This study was done in Department of Medicine, Sir Ganga Ram hospital Lahore. Timings: From 1-10-2022 to 31-12-2022. Methods: This paper describes the number of arrhythmia cases in Dengue hemorrhagic fever patients. We separated Dengue hemorrhagic fever patients from dengue fever patients and then divide Dengue hemorrhagic fever patients in two groups: Critical phase group and Recovery phase group. We picked up and analyzed the critical phase group to see the incidence of arrhythmias. We did so by interpreting files and charts of the patients admitted to Medicine department of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. We confirmed dengue hemorrhagic fever by checking the capillary leak phase of the patients by looking at ultrasound of abdomen for any signs of leakage, chest X-ray PA view, hematocrit and capillary refill time of the patients and then we tabulated the data. Results: A total number of 64 patients were selected during dengue epidemics from October 2022 to December 2022. Among 64 patients, Dengue fever patients were 23 (35.9 %) and dengue Hemorrhagic fever patients were 41 (64.1 %). Dengue Hemorrhagic fever patients were with in capillary leak phase. In Dengue Hemorrhagic fever patients, 14 patients (34.14 %) were having tachycardia in critical phase and 5 patients (12 %) were having bradycardia in critical phase. The present study was done with the aim to determine the clinical profile of dengue patients and to study the cardiac manifestations in patients with Dengue fever. Arrhythmias had been reported in literature but these were reported in recovery phase of dengue hemorrhagic fever 7,15. In dengue epidemic patients seen in our set up, bradycardia was seen in critical phase of dengue hemorrhagic fever 3. Previously bradycardia was reported in recovery phase of dengue hemorrhagic fever 2,16. In critical phase of dengue hemorrhagic fever there is chance of hypotension as fluid shifts to third space due to capillary leak. So bradycardia need to monitor carefully in critical phase. Very care full attention to fluid balance and hemodynamic monitoring is required in critical phase of Dengue hemorrhagic fever. This research will be helpful for careful monitoring of arrhythmias in critical phase of dengue hemorrhagic fever patients and results in decrease morbidity in dengue hemorrhagic patients in our community. Conclusion: Dengue virus induced arrhythmias were under reported but it is an important complication in Dengue Hemorrhagic patients. Bradycardia is one of cardiac complication can be present in critical phase of Dengue Hemorrhagic fever patients. Strict monitoring of patients with bradycardia is required in critical phase of Dengue Hemorrhagic patients. Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Arrhythmias, Critical Phase.

AN ANALYSIS OF PEPPER EXPORTS AND IMPORTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA

This study examines the effect of pepper exports and imports on economic growth in Indonesia during the period of 1990-2019. This study uses secondary data from 1990 to 2019 accessed on www.bps.go.id. The data analysis method used is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis using Software Eviews 9. The results shows that pepper exports have no significant effect on economic growth in Indonesia, and pepper imports have a negative and significant effect on economic growth in Indonesia. This study suggests that government pay full attention and support to Indonesian pepper farmers so that the production and quality of pepper will increase in the future and can reduce pepper imports.

Expert-Based Assessment of the Potential of Non-Wood Forest Products to Diversify Forest Bioeconomy in Six European Regions

The forest-based sector plays a significant role in supporting Europe on its pathway towards a more integrated and bio-based circular economy. Beyond the supply of timber, forest ecosystems offer a wide range of products and services beneficial to human wellbeing. Non-wood forest products (NWFPs) play an integral role in provisioning forest ecosystem services and constitute a huge portfolio of species from various taxonomic kingdoms. As diverse as the resources themselves is the list of end-products that may be derived from raw non-wood materials. Multiple value-chains of NWFPs provide benefits to actors across all stages of the supply chain. Forest management has not yet directed full attention towards NWFPs, since timber production remains the main management objective, although multi-purpose management is recognised as a key principle of the sector’s sustainability paradigm. Lack of knowledge of the socio-economic relevance of NWFPs for European societies and diverse property rights frameworks increase the complexity in forest-based decision making additionally. In this study, the future potential of 38 NWFPs for diversifying the forest bioeconomy is investigated by means of multi-criteria analysis, including stakeholder interaction and expert involvement. The results for six case studies in different biogeographical zones in Europe indicate the latent opportunities NWFPs provide to forest owners who are willing to focus their management on the joint production of wood and non-wood resources as well as their value networks. This study intends to unravel perspectives for forest owners in particular, as they often represent principal decision makers in forest ecosystem management, act as main suppliers of NWFP raw materials, and thus can be understood as key stakeholders in a forest bioeconomy. Even though regional perspectives differ, due to varying socio-economic and ecological environments, there is huge potential to strengthen the economic viability of rural areas. Furthermore, sustainable co-production may foster the ecological integrity of forest ecosystems across Europe. Results show that wild mushrooms constitute the most widespread opportunity to increase additional income from forest management, but the most promising NWFPs can be found in the tree product, understorey plant and animal origin categories.

A Study on E-government Service Quality and Effectiveness of E-government Services in Selected Divisional Secretariats

Acknowledge to the rapid global growth of internet and information technology, many governments around the world have transformed their services from traditional services to electronic means. Using the internet, nowadays governments are offering more convenient and faster access to their services and information. This has been achieved by the use of e-government services. Even though, the concept of e-government is still in its early stage, it has become an important issue in recent years. The main purpose of introducing e-government services is to effective services to the citizens. However, many governments have been developing the e-government services without paying full attention to the effectiveness of the e-government services and the requirements of citizens. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between e-government service quality and effectiveness of e-government services. This study conducted based on quantitative method and the primary data collected through the structured questionnaires. In total, 112 questionnaires were distributed to citizens who accessed e-government services in 14 divisional secretariats in Batticaloa District. From that, total of 100 completed questionnaires were gathered, representing 89.26% response rate. The collected data was analyzed with the aid of SPSS (22.0) software. The data analysis method is specially focused on the bivariate and multi variate analysis due to the specific research questions. Major findings indicates that there is a positive significant relationship between all the dimensions of e-government service quality and effectiveness of e-government services. Further simple regression analysis between e-government service quality and effectiveness of e-government service results also explicit e-government service quality has a positive significant influence on effectiveness of e-government services. The results of this study will assist the government entities in proper development and implementation of e-government services in the divisional secretariats to provide quality e-government services to the citizens. Future research can cover local e-government projects in national level.

AN ANALYSIS OF PEPPER EXPORTS AND IMPORTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA

This study examines the effect of pepper exports and imports on economic growth in Indonesia during the period of 1990-2019. This study uses secondary data from 1990 to 2019 accessed on www.bps.go.id. The data analysis method used is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis using Software Eviews 9. The results shows that pepper exports have no significant effect on economic growth in Indonesia, and pepper imports have a negative and significant effect on economic growth in Indonesia. This study suggests that government pay full attention and support to Indonesian pepper farmers so that the production and quality of pepper will increase in the future and can reduce pepper imports.

Two-Branch Convolutional Neural Network with Polarized Full Attention for Hyperspectral Image Classification

In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been introduced for pixel-wise hyperspectral image (HSI) classification tasks. However, some problems of the CNNs are still insufficiently addressed, such as the receptive field problem, small sample problem, and feature fusion problem. To tackle the above problems, we proposed a two-branch convolutional neural network with a polarized full attention mechanism for HSI classification. In the proposed network, two-branch CNNs are implemented to efficiently extract the spectral and spatial features, respectively. The kernel sizes of the convolutional layers are simplified to reduce the complexity of the network. This approach can make the network easier to be trained and fit the network to small sample size conditions. The one-shot connection technique is applied to improve the efficiency of feature extraction. An improved full attention block, named polarized full attention, is exploited to fuse the feature maps and provide global contextual information. Experimental results on several public HSI datasets confirm the effectiveness of the proposed network.

THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION TEACHERS AS A MODEL IN IMPROVING SOCIAL ATTITUDE OF STUDENTS AT SMP NEGERI 3 PAMBOANG MAJENE REGENCY

Exemplary has a very large influence in the formation of the good personality of learners, especially to raise the social attitudes of learners. Social attitudes are closely related to the formation of attitudes towards students in order to become figures who always do better things to human beings. The purpose of this research is to determine the role of Islamic Education Teachers as role models in improving Social Attitudes of Students at SMP Negeri 3 Pamboang, Majene Regency. The type of research used by the authors in this study is qualitative. Qualitative research which builds meaning based on field data. This qualitative research procedure produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken form obtained by observable people. The data collection is carried out by having interview. The results showed that the role of Islamic Education Teachers as a model in improving the socialattitude of students at SMP Negeri 3 Pamboang, namely, islamic education teachers always show an attitude of care and respect of learners, apply good speech , Always take care of the feelings of the learners and give full attention to the learners. Therefore, the social cycle of students grows well, especially the attitude of cooperation, solidarity and tolerance.