Fuel Energy Consumption Research Articles

Methodology for calculating the energy consumption of freight wagons during transportation by trains for private enterprises

Fuel-energy consumption is one of the key factors in choosing the optimal type of locomotives for train operations. The quantity of fuel and energy used for train transportation is significantly influenced by the parameters of wagons and the transported goods. This article recommends an algorithm and an instrumental method in the form of software complexes for calculating the amount of fuel and energy resources used by locomotives of a private transportation company for train transportation under existing conditions, taking into account the planned cargo volume. Based on this, technical and technological solutions have been developed for selecting the planned and rational type of locomotives, considering the parameters of the wagon and the transported goods, the distance of transportation and the characteristics of the railway.

Enhancing technical solutions to reduce fuel energy consumption of drilling equipment during well drilling with air cleaning

Efficient fuel and energy resource utilization in drilling equipment can be attained through strategies such as decreasing the relative consumption in technological systems during well drilling, enhancing the integration of secondary energy resources in the equipment's power supply system, and refining the design of drilling equipment and technologies. This article showcases the outcomes of pilot studies conducted on a diesel power plant within a drilling rig and a device designed for recycling secondary energy resources from a compressor.

Is there a nexus between NFT, DeFi and carbon allowances during extreme events?

PurposeThe authors target the interrelationships between non-fungible tokens (NFTs), decentralized finance (DeFi) and carbon allowances (CA) markets during 2021–2023. The recent shift of crypto and DeFi miners from China (the People's Republic of China, PRC) green hydro energy to dirty fuel energies elsewhere induces investments in carbon offsetting instruments; this is a backdrop to the authors’ investigation.Design/methodology/approachThe quantile vector autoregression (VAR) approach is employed to examine extreme-quantile-connectedness and spillovers among the NFT Index (NFTI), DeFi Pulse Index (DPI), KraneShares Global Carbon Strategy ETF price (KRBN) and the Solactive Carbon Emission Allowances Rolling Futures Total Return Index (SOLCARBT).FindingsAt bull markets, DPI is the only consistent net shock transmitter as NFTI transmits innovations only at the most extreme quantile. At bear markets, KRBN and SOLCARBT are net shock transmitters, while NFTI is the only consistent net shock receiver. The receiver-transmitter roles change as a function of the market conditions. The increases in the relative tail dependence correspond to the stress events, which make systemic connectedness augment, turning market-specific idiosyncratic considerations less relevant.Originality/valueThe shift of digital asset miners from the PRC has resulted in excessive fuel energy consumption and aggravated environmental consequences regarding NFTs and DeFi mining. Although there exist numerous studies dedicated to CA trading and its role in carbon print reduction, the direct nexus between NFT, DeFi and CA has never been addressed in the literature. The originality of the authors’ research consists in bridging this void. Results are valuable for portfolio managers in bull and bear markets, as the authors show that connectedness is more intense under such conditions.

Research on the Impact of Green Finance and the Digital Economy on the Energy Consumption Structure in the Context of Carbon Neutrality

Improving the structure of energy consumption (ECS) through green finance and the digital economy is one of the main paths to achieving the goal of carbon neutrality. This paper explores the impact of green finance and the digital economy on the ECS of 30 regions in China from 2007 to 2022 using the Generalized method of moments(GMM) model, further analyzes its heterogeneity, and then provides a reference for the scientific development of relevant decisions. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The change in the ECS is closely related to the degree of optimization of the ECS in the previous year, and this is a process of dynamic adjustment. The level of digital economy development can improve the ECS of the country as a whole and in the eastern and central regions, while the western regions have not yet played a significant role due to the underdevelopment of the digital economy. Green finance can inhibit fossil fuel energy consumption in all regions, and it promotes cleaner, more efficient, and low-carbon energy consumption, thereby improving the ECS. However, the impact effect is the largest in the east and smaller in the west. (2) The urbanization levels of the country as a whole and that of the central and western regions show a positive correlation with the results of energy consumption. However, in the eastern region, it shows an inhibitory effect on fossil fuel energy consumption, which can optimize the ECS. The industrial structures in all regions have positive impact coefficients; the development of industry is not conducive to the optimization of the ECS. Trade openness can improve the ECS only in the eastern region; technological progress in all regions can significantly improve the ECS. Based on the background of carbon neutrality, this paper reveals that green finance and the digital economy promote cleaner, more efficient, and lower carbon energy consumption and reduce the level of energy consumption. This paper also provides a reference for the scientific formulation of relevant decisions.

Natural resource scarcity, fossil fuel energy consumption, and total greenhouse gas emissions in top emitting countries

Natural resource scarcity, fossil fuel energy consumption, and total greenhouse gas emissions are critical issues that require immediate attention. With the global population steadily increasing and economies expanding, the demand for natural resources, particularly fossil fuels, has experienced an unprecedented surge. This surge in consumption is directly linked to the alarming rise in greenhouse gas emissions. The study examines the nexus between agricultural nitrous oxide emissions and natural resource scarcity, taking into account the dynamics of agriculture, forestry, fishing value addition, fossil fuels, and total greenhouse gas emissions in top-emitting countries between 1971 and 2020. Natural resource scarcity positively correlates with agriculture, forestry, fishing, fossil fuel energy consumption, and total greenhouse gas emissions. There is a decrease in natural resource scarcity in countries that emit agricultural nitrous oxide, forestry, fishing emissions, fossil fuel energy consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions. Policy-makers may promote sustainable development, mitigate climate change, and ensure the long-term viability of agricultural systems by addressing the dynamics of agriculture, forestry, and fishing value addition in top-emitting countries. Through strategic policy interventions, supported by technology transfer, capacity building, and market-based instruments, the agricultural, forestry, and fishing sector can achieve a more sustainable future while addressing the challenges of natural resource scarcity.

Impact of renewable energy and agriculture on mineral resources rents: Do economic and environmental aspects matter

The global shift towards renewable energy and sustainable agricultural practices has gained significant momentum in recent years. This transition has not only been driven by the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change but also by the potential economic benefits and the conservation of mineral resources. The impact of renewable energy and agriculture on mineral resource rents is a significant issue today. With the increasing concern of global warming, reducing emissions and increasing renewable energy sources is more pressing than ever. As a result, there is growing interest in using renewable energy sources and agricultural practices to replace the traditional use of mineral resources. This paper examines the impact of renewable energy and agriculture productivity on mineral resource rents in China from 1971 to 2019, using economic growth and total greenhouse gas emissions as moderating variables. The result explains that mineral depletion, agriculture value-added, and economic growth are positively associated with natural resources, while fossil fuel energy consumption and CO2 emissions are negatively associated with natural resources. The policy implications of mineral depletion in China are concerning. In order to address the issue, China needs to develop a comprehensive plan that addresses the depletion of mineral resources and its effects on the environment and economy. In particular, developing strategies to reduce the reliance on coal power and to encourage more sustainable energy sources should be a priority. Policies to protect and restore agricultural land and water quality should also be implemented.

Race to carbon neutrality in South Africa: What role does environmental technological innovation play?

Governments worldwide have prioritized carbon reduction and neutrality to address the escalating threat of climate change. These goals are in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDG-13). These goals stress taking action on climate change to lessen the bad effects of human activities and using fossil fuels for energy. To this end, the present study investigates the connection between conventional energy usage, agricultural practices, economic growth, and their impact on environmental sustainability in South Africa. Additionally, it explores the role of renewable energy consumption and environmental technological innovation in mitigating these effects. To achieve the study objectives, a carbon-income function is fitted with an annual frequency data from 1975 to 2020. The present study leverages on Pesaran's Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method and for robustness analysis the dynamic ARDL simulations method to simultaneously explore the short and long-run coefficients of the study's outlined variables. Empirical analysis, confirmed by bounds testing for cointegration, reveals a long-term equilibrium relationship among the variables considered. Notably, economic growth, fossil fuel energy consumption, and agricultural activities have adverse effects on environmental sustainability in South Africa, indicating a trade-off between economic growth and environmental quality. Dynamic ARDL simulations provide further evidence of an Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) phenomenon. However, renewable energy consumption and environmental technological innovation positively influence environmental quality. These findings highlight the imperative for South Africa and its stakeholders to adopt green growth policies and transition to cleaner energy alternatives.

Investigation on jet controlled diffusion combustion (JCDC) mode applied on a marine large-bore two-stroke engine

Ships with large-bore marine engines are essential for international trade and transportation. However, a large number of fuel energy consumption and waste emissions are produced. Future lower fuel consumption and cleaner marine natural gas engines needs technological innovation. One approach is the use of a prechamber, providing high ignition energy. In this study, diesel injected into the prechamber and the prechamber jet controlled diffusion combustion (JCDC) mode was applied to a marine two-stroke natural gas/diesel engine. A three-dimensional simulation method was employed to optimize the combustion control parameters and compare the performance of JCDC mode with the traditional pilot controlled diffusion combustion mode (PCDC). The diesel compression ignition in the prechamber generated turbulent jet in the main chamber, which ignited the direct-injection natural gas. The key parameters influencing the JCDC mode, including the direct-injection interval and diesel energy percentage, were optimized in this study. A small direct-injection interval of 0.15°CA between diesel and natural gas was achieved, resulting in good ignition performance. By utilizing a 1.8% diesel energy percentage in the prechamber, a high indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) of 53.6% was obtained. Compared to the PCDC mode, the JCDC mode demonstrated a maximum reduction of approximately 1.4g/kWh in equivalent indicated specific fuel consumption (EISFC), indicating very large improved fuel economy for the marine two-stroke engine. Furthermore, the JCDC mode exhibited notable reductions of greenhouse gas in CO2 and unburned CH4 emissions, with a maximum decrease of 1.6% and 89%, respectively. The JCDC mode indicates a cleaner marine natural gas engine.

Energy Transitions in Yunnan Province Based on Production Function Theory

Yunnan is rich in renewable energy resources. An understanding of its energy structure and developmental trajectories would assist in enabling the design of suitable decarbonizing pathways and how to fit into the national 30–60 agenda. Drawing from endogenous growth theory and time series analysis, our study employs comparative functions and scenario assessments to predict the changes in the key economic indicators, such as GDP, industrial structure shifts, population, and urbanization rates, during the low-carbon transition. We further show energy structure patterns and intensity trends using regression-modeling and data-fitting methods. Based on our analyses, we project that by 2035, Yunnan’s GDP will grow to CNY 5.4761 trillion, with secondary and tertiary industries contributing 88.8%. The population is estimated to grow to 52.08 million with an urbanization rate of 70%. Moreover, fossil fuel energy consumption is forecasted to diminish to 38.7%, and energy consumption intensity is projected to be reduced to 0.38 tons of standard coal per CNY 10,000. If these metrics follow the inherent endogenous growth trend, Yunnan’s emissions are forecasted to peak at around 220 million tons of CO2 by 2030. These findings not only provide a data foundation for Yunnan’s low-carbon development goals but also illuminate pathways for regions rich in renewable resources to transition towards sustainable growth, emphasizing the harmony between advancement and environmental stewardship.

Exploring The Relationship between Energy Sources, CO2 Emissions and Sustainable Development in Türkiye

Sustainable development has become a major focus of attention worldwide, with numerous initiatives aimed at improving economic development, social equality, natural resource consumption, and social and healthy living while preserving the quality of life. Energy consumption is a crucial input to economic activities, but its impact on sustainable development can be both positive and negative. In this study, the impact of renewable and non-renewable energy sources and CO2 emissions on sustainable development in Turkiye was investigated using time series analysis for the years between 1972 and 2015. The results suggest that increasing the use of renewable energy sources has a positive effect on sustainable development, whereas fossil fuel energy consumption and CO2 emissions have a negative impact. The findings of this research have important implications for Turkiye's energy policy and its efforts to achieve sustainable development goals.

Financial development, energy consumption, and economic growth in the ASEAN countries: evidence from the PVAR approach.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), a new global economic force, has struggled to achieve a dual objective of enhanced economic growth and improved environmental quality. Financial development is generally considered an important tool in achieving these simultaneous objectives. This paper examines the response mechanism and the inter-relationship between the ASEAN region's financial development, energy consumption, and economic growth. Unlike previous studies, the paper uses a generalized method of moments panel vector autoregression (GMM-panel VAR) framework for the 1981-2021 period. The second-generation Granger causality test is used to identify their causality relationship. Economic growth supports financial development and reduces energy consumption from fossil fuel sources in the ASEAN countries. Financial development also reduces fossil fuel energy consumption. The bi-directional relationship between economic growth and fossil fuel energy consumption exists. Energy consumption and financial development are also bi-directionally linked. However, only the unidirectional Granger causality from economic growth to financial development is found. The variance decomposition analysis results confirm that economic growth accounts for the most significant variance in fossil fuel energy consumption and financial development in the ASEAN countries. Policy implications have emerged based on these findings.

AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS ON THE DETERMINANTS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN TURKEY

Turkey has experienced rapid population growth, rapid urbanization and industrialization in recent years. Therefore, Turkey's demand for energy has been increasing over the years. Also the main issue is Turkey's foreign dependency on energy resources. Researching the determinants of energy consumption is important in terms of developing policies for more efficient use of energy. For this reason, the determinants of energy consumption in Turkey were analyzed using the ARDL Boundary Test and the Toda-Yamamoto causality test, based on data from 1980-2020. While fossil fuel energy consumption as the dependent variable in the model, GDP, export rate and the ratio of fixed capital investments to GDP are independent variables. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that there is a longrun relationship between the variables. An increase in economic growth by 1 percent, increases energy consumption by 0.34%. An increase in exports by 1 percent increases energy consumption by 0.57% in the long run while an increase in fixed capital investments by 1 percent, increases energy consumption by 0.15%. As a result of the causality analysis, it was concluded that there is one-way causality from GDP growth to energy consumption. It has been determined that there is a one-way causality running from fixed capital investments and exports to energy consumption.

The integration of technological advancements in fossil fuels towards environmental sustainability: Insights from big data analytics

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of fossil fuel energy consumption and the utilization of big data technology on the green growth index of 672 companies listed on the Nasdaq in the United States. The study analyzes annual data from 2010 to 2019 using the CUP-FM (continuously updated fully modified) estimator. The findings indicate that a 1% increase in the use of big data technology results in a 1.61% improvement in the sustainable growth of these companies. Furthermore, the cost of information and communication technology is identified as the main driver of green growth. Specifically, a 1% increase in the stock price of listed companies leads to a 0.06% decrease in the sustainable growth index. Additionally, a 1% increase in the cost of fossil fuel consumption leads to a 0.034% decrease in the sustainable growth index of American listed companies. The recommended policy measures include the integration of big data technology, fintech, and cryptocurrencies, the expansion of green research and development, and the enhancement of the resilience index of companies.

The Onus on Coal Consumption and the ‘Beautiful China Initiative’: Economic and Policy Implications

China’s need for rapid economic growth and its hunger for natural resources significantly challenge its economic and policy vision of sustainability, social stability and economic development. The ‘Beautiful China Initiative’ plans to put China on the path of sustainable development in line with the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development GoaSls. The Chinese authorities are expected to reconsider traditional economic policy models to integrate environmental protection while ensuring that their economy proliferates. The shift from a traditional and heavy coal-dependent economy towards greener energy and a sustainable economic model brings additional challenges to China due to its historical dependence on coal as its energy engine. This research paper examines causality patterns between economic growth and fossil fuels energy consumption by analysing coal consumption and carbon dioxide emissions policies using Pesaran’s autoregressive distributed lag model. The research findings offer insights into China’s challenges to transition towards a more sustainable economic model, making the country’s ‘Beautiful China Initiative’ quite complex as it needs to navigate through high levels of environment-friendly economic growth whilst trying to avoid the middle-income trap.

Life cycle assessment of municipal solid waste management in Kathmandu city, Nepal – An impact of an incomplete data set

Few studies have been done about engineered facilities related to waste collection, treatment, and disposal in the waste management sectors across Nepal. The decision support system is not well established, resulting in poor planning and execution of waste management. Available data for performing a life cycle assessment (LCA) is limited. We used an LCA model to investigate waste management options for Nepal's capital, Kathmandu. We also tested the hypothesis that exclusion from the LCA model of variables for which there was no data would make no difference in the management rankings. The assessment was based on three scenarios: business as usual, including collection, transportation, and landfilling; recycling; and conjunctive disposal comprised of composting and landfilling. The LCA methodology we used includes detailed unit processes and quantified values of various resources and emissions to compute the impact level on the environment. The contribution of the collection, transportation, landfilling, and recycling was calculated as global warming potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, and fuel energy consumption for each scenario. Scenario 3 ranked higher than scenarios 1 and 2 based on available data. The results were based on the environmental burden of metric tons of municipal solid waste handled at landfills, regardless of what was recycled and composted. Scenario 3 yielded minimum environmental impacts and was a cost-efficient option. Using a range of literature values for the missing variables, it was shown that the excluded variables made no difference in the scenario rankings. The study successfully employed the LCA as a decision-making tool in waste management in Kathmandu, which can be useful for other cities in developing countries.

Unveiling the relationship between environmental quality, non-renewable energy usage and natural resource rent: Fresh insights from ten asian economies

Asia is counted as one of the regions that has been dealing high emissions and energy consumption issue especially since last decade. Also, Natural resource rents are one of the influencing constraints which damages the environmental quality. Since the recent global climate summit is conducted to gather world leaders together to accelerate Paris agreement goals. Thereby, considering COP26 commitments, the study intended to explore the role of COP26 commitments along with non-renewable energy consumption in the extraction of natural resources. The necessity to study it in the context of 10 Asian economies is due to the high emissions and energy consumption and one should know that transitioning the economy towards renewable consumption is an essential target to meet COP26 net-zero emission goal. Thus, the study covered the period from 2006 to 2020 to explore the relationship between variables in Asian economies. Findings echoed that carbon emissions and methane emissions are positively associated with natural resource rents, hence establishing the fact that COP26 environmental targets are negatively related to natural resource rents. Consistent with prior literature, findings also exposed the positive association of fossil fuel energy consumption with natural resource rent, hence highlighting the need of serious policy implications in order to save the environmental and natural resources for future generation.

Effect of income, energy consumption, energy prices, political stability, and geopolitical risk on the environment: Evidence from GCC countries by novel quantile-based methods

This research investigates the effects of income, total energy consumption (TEC), energy price index (EPI), crude oil price (COP), political risk index (PRI), and geopolitical risk (GPR) on environmental degradation. In this context, the study includes five Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, which are mainly oil-rich and have high fossil fuel energy consumption with increasing environmental degradation; considers monthly data from 2000/1 to 2021/12, and deploys novel quantile-based methods. The outcomes demonstrate that (i) an increase in income, TEC, and EPI stimulates environmental degradation in all GCC countries; (ii) PRI, COP, and GPR have mixed effects on environmental degradation; (iii) a causal effect from the regressors to CO2 emissions exists in all quantiles except for some middle (0.45–0.55) and higher quantiles (0.95); (iv) the power of effect and causal effect vary according to quantiles and countries; (v) the consistency of the results is validated based on robust model. The findings reveal that an increase in income, TEC, and EPI is generally harmful to the environment in the GCC countries; but, PRI, COP, and GPR have mixed effects. The results of novel quantile-based methods underline the significance of political stability and geopolitical risk effect as non-economic and non-energy factors on environment degradation by demonstrating quantile-based varying effects of the regressors on the environment in GCC countries. Accordingly, various policies, such as focusing on increasing political stability, benefitting from geopolitical risk as leverage, and enabling the transition to clean energy, are discussed.

Assessing Sustainable Impacts of Green Energy Projects for the Development of Renewable Energy Technologies: A Triple Bottom Line Approach

The escalating global concern for sustainable development necessitates an in-depth understanding of the role of renewable energy projects. Evaluating their impact on economic, environmental, and social sustainability is of significant importance. In this study, the impact of green energy projects on economic, environmental, and social sustainability across APEC countries from 2010 to 2021 is comprehensively assessed using machine learning models. The employed machine learning models revealed associations between key variables and sustainability implications of green energy projects. Renewable energy consumption emerged as a significant contributor to economic performance, scoring a compelling importance score of 0.34. Concurrently, fossil fuel energy consumption and urban population were identified as key influencers on environmental outcomes and social impacts, respectively, with importance scores of 0.36 and 0.42. The empirical evidence presented in this research underscores the pivotal role of renewable energy projects in driving economic development, counteracting environmental harm, and facilitating urban electricity access, while also noting the counteracting effect of fossil fuel consumption. The study’s outcomes are intended to guide future research directions and inform policy formulations, contributing significantly to global sustainability discourse.

Comparing green productivity under convex and nonconvex technologies: Which is a robust approach consistent with energy structure?

AbstractTotal factor productivity is used to explore the input–output efficiency of the economy and the driving factors behind economic growth. Although scholars have researched the total factor productivity approach, comparisons among different models in empirical research are rare and few scholars have focused on worldwide total factor productivity gains. Using convex and nonconvex technologies, this contribution investigates green productivity gains of 129 worldwide countries during 2000–2019 based on three popular productivity measures, namely, Luenberger–Hicks–Moorsteen indicator, Luenberger productivity indicator, and Malmquist–Luenberger index, respectively. Inspired by a metafrontier approach, we compare their productivity evolutions with the energy structure among 121 economies. A negative relationship is expected between the change in the proportion of fossil fuel energy consumption and green productivity. Our results show that the Luenberger–Hicks–Moorsteen productivity indicator under nonconvex technologies is a more convincing productivity measure when considering undesirable outputs in production technology.

A supply chain allocation method for environmental responsibility based on fossil energy as the anchor for carbon responsibility

Fossil fuel energy consumption is still dominant, supporting economic development and influencing environmental and climate change, both immediately and over time (e.g., carbon emissions). In this study, the concept of using fossil fuel energy (or fossil energy–based sources) as the anchor for determining carbon responsibility was proposed, which can more directly and adequately quantify and reflect the environmental responsibility of each stage of the energy economic system and further advance research on the extension of responsibility allocation to the front and back ends. Two key parameters, the primary energy consumption responsibility conversion factor and the value-added allocation factor, were introduced to couple both the energy and economic systems around carbon responsibility allocation and to complete the tracking and calculation of primary energy consumption responsibility in the entire energy supply chain. The relevant calculation data were used to map the responsibility using Sankey diagrams. Based on these parameters, we selected the Chinese energy supply system from 2002 to 2020 as a case study, calculated the allocation profile of primary energy consumption responsibility in the energy supply chain, and analyzed the evolution and allocation of primary energy consumption responsibility in the economic/residential sectors, final commodities, and final use categories. The results showed that energy-intensive industries (e.g., smelting and pressing of metals and manufacturing of chemicals) and energy-intensive products (e.g., construction commodities) are still important carrier sectors and commodities of primary energy consumption responsibility in China. Gross fixed capital formation remains the largest expenditure category of primary energy consumption responsibility. However, with the development and transformation of the national economy, the distribution of primary energy consumption responsibilities among the various stages of the energy system had subtly changed.