Fruit Types Research Articles

Biological control potential of a laboratory selected generalist parasitoid versus a co-evolved specialist parasitoid against the invasive Drosophila suzukii.

A few generations of laboratory selection can increase the developmental success of native parasitoids on invasive targets. However, for this approach to be used more widely for biological control, we need to understand if the improved performance of native species, achieved under artificial laboratory conditions, translates to improved control in more natural environments. It is also unknown what the biocontrol potential of laboratory selected generalist native parasitoids may be compared to co-evolved specialists that are typically introduced for biological control of invasive species. To assess how rearing in artificial diet affected host finding ability in natural hosts, we used laboratory selected (adapted) and nonadapted populations of the generalist native parasitoid Trichopria drosophilae to parasitize the invasive fly, Drosophila suzukii in three different fruit types. In a separate experiment, we compared the effectiveness of adapted and nonadapted populations of T. drosophilae in raspberries with a co-evolved specialist larval parasitoid Ganaspis brasiliensis from Asia that was recently approved for release in the USA. More adult parasitoids emerged in each fruit type of the adapted compared to the nonadapted population of T. drosophilae. D. suzukii emergence rates were reduced on average by 85% by the adapted T. drosophilae population indicating that the artificial rearing conditions did not significantly impair the ability of parasitoids to locate and attack hosts in natural hosts. The specialist G. brasiliensis had higher adult emergence than the adapted population of T. drosophilae; however, both parasitoid species were able to reduce D. suzukii populations to the same extent. These results show that despite the lower developmental success of the laboratory selected T. drosophilae, they killed the same proportion of D. suzukii as G. brasiliensis when host choice was restricted. In nature, where host choices are available, specialist and generalist parasitoids will be unlikely to exhibit the same biocontrol potential.

Identification of Banana Fruit Types Using the Backpropagation Method

Identification of types of bananas and assessment of their maturity level is an important process in the agricultural and distribution industries. In an effort to automate this process, the authors propose an approach to identify bananas and their level of ripeness using a Backpropagation neural network. Through digital image processing, images or pictures of bananas will be extracted with images such as RGB (red green blue), metric and eccentricity (shape features). The results of the image data training process are as many as 55 image data input, obtained by the training process data on banana types with 11 iterations from the maximum input epoch 10000, target error or performance 0.00642 with an accuracy value of 80%. Furthermore, the training process obtained data on the maturity level of bananas with 4 iterations from the maximum input epoch 10000, the target error or performance is 0.00606 with an accuracy value of 90%. From the test image process that has been carried out, the system can identify the type of banana and its maturity level based on the feature extraction input from the image of the banana. This study also aims to test and determine the accuracy of the application of the Backpropagation method in identifying the types of bananas and their level of maturity.

Development of CNN Model to Avoid Food Spoiling Level

Food spoilage is a pervasive issue that contributes to food waste and poses significant economic and environmental challenges worldwide. To combat this problem, we propose the development of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model capable of predicting and preventing food spoilage. This paper outlines the methodology, data collection, model architecture, and evaluation of our CNN-based solution, which aims to assist consumers, retailers, and food producers in minimizing food waste. Researchers are working on innovative techniques to preserve the quality of food in an effort to extend its shelf life since grains are prone to spoiling as a result of precipitation, humidity, temperature, and a number of other factors. In order to maintain current standards of food quality, effective surveillance systems for food deterioration are needed. To monitor food quality and control home storage systems, we have created a prototype. To start, we used a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model to identify the different types of fruits and vegetables. The suggested system then uses sensors and actuators to check the amount of food spoiling by monitoring the gas emission level, humidity level, and temperature of fruits and vegetables. Additionally, this would regulate the environment and, to the greatest extent feasible, prevent food spoiling. Additionally, based on the freshness and condition of the food, a message alerting the client to the food decomposition level is delivered to their registered cell numbers. The model used turned out to have a 96.3% accuracy rate.

Pelestarian Biodiversitas Buah Lokal dan Upaya Pelestariannya oleh Masyarakat di Kabupaten Kampar, Riau

The biodiversity of fruiting plants that grow in various regions in Indonesia is a priceless wealth. Fruiting plants that grow in Indonesia and are planted by Indonesians are called local fruits. This study aimed to identify the types of local fruit that were used by the community and their conservation efforts. The research was conducted in 21 villages in Kampar district. The data was collected through FGDs with local community groups and interviewed with key informants such as village heads, traditional leaders, and community members who owned these local fruit trees. The results showed that there were 12 species of local fruit found in the sample area, namely: Copper Durian (Durio zibethinus L.), Tampui (Baccaurea macrocarpa), Duku (Lansium domesticum Corr.), Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.), Kuwini (Mangifera odorata), Cempedak Hutan (Artocarpus integer), Kapulasan (Nephelium mutabile Blume.), Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.): (2 varieties, Kapulasan and Rambutan), Guava: Guava (Psidium guajava) and Guava Bol (Syzygium malaccense (L.) Meer): (2 varieties: guava and guava bol), Sawo Manila (Manilkara zapota), Rambai (Baccaurea motyryana Mull.Arg.), Breadfruit (Arthocarpus altilis Fosberg.), Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) and Ciplukan (Physalis angulate L.). These fruits provided many benefits for the community, not only as a source of vitamins for the family, but also as an additional income for the family economy. Culturally, conservation efforts were carried out by the community replanting and maintaining these plants properly. For the process of plant propagation, the community built nurseries and provided fertilizer for plant nutrition, while the place for planting plants used land such as plantations and in the community's yard. Key words: fruit biodiversity; local fruits; conservation

Utilization of various honey, fruits, and vegetables to increase hemoglobin levels in pregnant women with anemia in Indonesia

The aims of the study was to analyze the student’s theses research data of Midwifery Study Program at Faculty of Health Sciences Universitas Nasional regarding the use of honey, fruit and vegetables to increase hemoglobin levels in pregnant women with anemia in Indonesia. The research was conducted by analyzing student theses for four semesters between 2020 and 2023. The variables analyzed included location of the research, types of honey, fruits and vegetables, form of serving, method of consumption, and the effect on hemoglobin levels. A total of 522 student’s theses from 2020 until 2023 were recorded. The results showed 40 theses research (7.66%) were according to the research objectives. The research locations were cover 11 provinces in Indonesia. There are two types of honey, namely acacia honey and mutiflora honey. There are 10 fruits consumed with or without a combination (guava, star fruit, dates, tomatoes, dragon fruit, watermelon, ambon banana, papaya, lime, avocado). There are also 10 vegetables consumed with or without a combination (beetroot, carrot, red spinach, green spinach, katuk, moringa, matel, green bean, broccoli, and caulerpa). The mean increase in the hemoglobin level ranged from 0.85 to 3.71 g/dl. Prevention of anemia in pregnancy should not only be done by providing blood-boosting tablets or iron supplement but also by providing varied and nutritionally balanced food to increase the hemoglobin level and prevent anemia in pregnancy.

Tamansiswa's Spirit Through the Nutritious Garden to Supports the Adiwiyata School Program at Tamansiswa Middle School & Vocational School

Purpose ­ A comfortable and safe educational environment is necessary for learning. This service aims to develop the Tamansiswa spirit through nutritious gardens in support of the Adiwiyata school program at Tamansiswa Middle School & Vocational School Ngemplak Sleman. Methods – Empowerment and community service activities involving Tamansiswa Ngemplak Sleman Middle School & Vocational School students and Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University students. Result and discussions - Tamansiswa Ngemplak Sleman Middle School & Vocational School has some land that is still empty so it can be used as a nutritious garden planted with various fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants. In an effort to support the implementation of the Adiwiyata program at Tamansiswa Ngemplak Sleman Middle School & Vocational School, the UST Abdimas Team held a nutrition garden assistance activity for young Dewantara. Nutritious Gardens is a community-based program as an effort to fulfill the need for fruit, vegetables and medicines by utilizing school grounds and other media. Building awareness and advocacy for school residents in overcoming social problems such as health and the environment, introducing various types of fruit, vegetable and medicinal plants, Providing education on how to plant and care for plants, Utilizing empty yards to increase economic value. The result of the service activities carried out by the service team at Tamansiswa Ngemplak Sleman Middle School and Vocational School is that the school has a nutritious garden as a medium for activities to support the adiwiyata program. Teachers and students gain knowledge about the benefits, how to plant and how to maintain or care for plants, especially fruit plants, vegetables and medicinal plants. In the future, schools are expected to have added economic value from nutritious garden products. Conclusion – Community service activities for nutritious gardens in an effort to support the implementation of the Adiwiyata program can be carried out well. It is hoped that teachers and students will continue this activity so that they can gain knowledge about agriculture and added economic value.

Antioxidant Activity of Banana Kepok Kuning (Musa paradisiaca L.) and Cavendish (Musa acuminata Colla, AAA) Peel Extracts and the Potential as Chicken Meat Preservative

Bananas are a type of fruit that is consumed, with the peel being discarded as waste. However, the peel contains phytochemical compounds, including phenolic and flavonoids, which act as natural antioxidants. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of banana peel of Kepok Kuning (KCE) (Musa paradisiaca L.) and Cavendish (CCE) (Musa acuminata Colla, AAA) extracts, as well as eluviate their preservative potency. The sample was extracted using 80% methanol, and the antioxidant activities of KCE and CCE were evaluated using DPPH and FRAP. The extracts and the control antioxidant butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT) were tested for their preservatives potency on chicken meat at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%, respectively. After 8 days of incubation in the refrigerator, the color change was recorded and analyzed using ImageJ, while free fatty acid contents were determined by titration. The results showed that 15% KCE and 15% CCE exhibited higher antioxidant activities than 0.1% BHT. There was no significant difference in the L (lightness) and b (yellowness) values between the treatments, but variations were evident in the a (redness) values. FFA values were significantly different between treatments, with untreated control registering the highest value at 0.41%, and the KCE 15% and CCE 15% concentrations showing the lowest values at 0.12%. Considering these results, both extracts could be developed as preservatives for chicken meat.

Transfer of the traditional knowledge on edible plants and fruits in Anatolia in terms of gastronomic value: the case of Sivas and Yozgat

The study aims to determine the types of edible wild plants and fruits consumed in the culinary cultures of Yozgat and Sivas, their ethnobotanical characteristics, and the areas and forms of their uses. In the research, document analysis and semi-structured interviews were used as data collection techniques, and descriptive analysis was used as the data analysis method. The categories obtained as a result of the interview findings and the literature review consist of the areas of the uses of edible wild plants and fruits in the kitchen, their use patterns, their relationship with health, and the methods of cultivating and preserving edible wild plants and fruits. Research findings indicate that the tradition of using edible wild plants and fruits is still alive in Yozgat and Sivas.

Analyzing genomic variation in cultivated pumpkins and identification of candidate genes controlling seed traits.

Pumpkins are important vegetable crops widely grown worldwide, and seeds are considered a popular nutraceutical food and an excellent source of protein, oil, and vitamins. Seed size is one of the most important targets for commercial breeding in Cucurbita species; studies have shown that pumpkin seed size variation has a similar trend with fruit size, shape, and seed yield. However, few studies have been conducted to identify genetic loci controlling seed-related traits in cultivated pumpkins. This study analyzed the genomic characteristics of pumpkin breeding materials of 321 Cucurbita accessions collected worldwide, including Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita maxima, and Cucurbita pepo, using extensive single nucleotide polymorphisms obtained from the genotyping-by-sequencing method, significant genetic variations were identified within and between Cucurbita species. Four major cultivar fruit types were further revealed in C. moschata species, and significant differentiation patterns were detected in several chromosomal regions. A total of 15 significant loci associated with pumpkin seed traits were mapped through a genome-wide association approach; 32 genes previously reported to be associated with seed size regulation in Arabidopsis and Oryza sativa were located in the intervals defined by linkage disequilibrium. Through this study, we gained a deep understanding of the genomic variation distribution across Cucurbita species. The available genetic resources and the associated genetic contents could be used in commercial pumpkin breeding and will facilitate molecular marker-assisted selection in pumpkin seed trait improvement.

Land Use Pattern Change and Farmers Perception Perspective: A Case of Khagrachari Hill District, Bangladesh

The sole hilly region in Bangladesh is known as the Chattogram Hill Tracts (CHT), which is comprised of the three hill districts of Khagrachari, Rangamati, and Bandarban. Due to population dynamics, economic development, climatic change, improved accessibility, and agricultural developments, land usage is changing at an increasingly rapid rate in the CHT. This research was carried out in Khagrachari Sadar upazila in the Khagrachari district of Bangladesh. This study looked at how farmers perceive changes in land use patterns and the factors that influence such perceptions. A total of 180 households were sampled using the proportional random sampling technique, and the survey was conducted using a previously created, closed-ended questionnaire. The average land ownership of the farmers was 4.22 acre, although the average agricultural and forest land holding was 1.37 acre and 1.54 acre, respectively. Although, the farmers also possessed considerable amount of vegetable land and flat land also and these lands were utilized to produce different types of vegetables, crops, fruit and timber trees. Average age of the farmers was 49.75 years and 32% of them did not receive any formal education. About 62% of them did not take part any agriculture related training program. Although, 95% of the farmers had medium to poor perception on land use pattern change. Moreover, many farmers perceived that currently overall soil fertility status of the hilly land had been decreased compared to 10 years back. In addition, out of thirteen attributes, four attributes, namely, educational attainment, family annula income, agricultural training received and agricultural land ownership had significant influence on the perception of land use pattern change by the respondents. The findings from the research can be used by the nation's decision-makers and planners to create future CHT land allocation policies.

Bioactive Compounds of Dietary Origin and Their Influence on Colorectal Cancer as Chemoprevention.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of death and the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide. The tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cells participate in colorectal tumor progression and can dictate malignancy. Nutrition status affects treatment response and the progression or recurrence of the tumor. This review summarizes the main bioactive compounds against the molecular pathways related to colorectal carcinogenesis. Moreover, we focus on the compounds with chemopreventive properties, mainly polyphenols and carotenoids, which are highly studied dietary bioactive compounds present in major types of food, like vegetables, fruits, and seeds. Their proprieties are antioxidant and gut microbiota modulation, important in the intestine because they decrease reactive oxygen species and inflammation, both principal causes of cancer. These compounds can promote apoptosis and inhibit cell growth, proliferation, and migration. Combined with oncologic treatment, a sensitization to first-line colorectal chemotherapy schemes, such as FOLFOX and FOLFIRI, is observed, making them an attractive and natural support in the oncologic treatment of CRC.

Corn-Based Gluten-Free Snacks Supplemented with Various Dried Fruits: Characteristics of Physical Properties and Effect of Variables

The market of extruded products is constantly growing and the incorporation of fruit items into their recipe, can made a crisp snack product a healthy one of acceptable flavor. The subject of this work is the evaluation of the effects of production screw speed, fruit type and amount on selected physical properties (expansion index, bulk density, water absorption and solubility, texture profile and color balance) of corn-based gluten-free crisps supplemented with various amounts (0–20%) of dried fruits (apple, white mulberry, goji berry, elderberry, blackberry) processed at variable screw speeds (80, 100 and 120 rpm). This work demonstrates that it is possible to obtain marketable extruded snacks with natural color coming from the incorporated dried fruits and with adequate expansion and texture if addition was up to 10% of all the tested fruits. Moreover, very good aeration, crispy texture and acceptable natural color was found if dried elderberry and blackberry were added to snacks even at 15 and 20%. Application of 15 or 20% of apple, white mulberry and goji berries showed similar color profiles and caused decrease in texture and expansion of snacks. The rotational screw speed effect differs significantly only in hardness and cutting force of the supplemented corn crisps.

Penilaian Kinerja Pemasok Menggunakan Metode Vendor Performance Indicator dan Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP)

<p><strong>PT. Agripratama Mitra Sejahtera, a company with the nickname Sobat Veggies (SV), buys and sells more than 100 types of vegetables, fruit, meat and other related products. SV buys from farmers and other companies with different prices and product quality, therefore SV needs to evaluate these suppliers for cost efficiency. The analytical methods used by SV to help in making the right buying decisions are the Vendor Performance Indicator (VPI), followed by the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP). Performance appraisal is carried out on selected vegetable commodity suppliers because they have high sales levels. The VPI method is used with the concept of QCDFR (Quality, Cost, Delivery, Flexibility, Responsiveness) with a total of 13 sub-criteria. The method gives 5 best vegetable suppliers namely CV. Madani Creative Business, Depari Group, CV. Mizan, Central Market, and Quality Fresh Organic. Following through using the FAHP method, we get the ranking as follows: (1) CV. Madani Creative Business with a value of 0.50, (2) the Central Market with a value of 0.48, (3) Quality Fresh Organic with a value of 0.46, (4) Depari Group with a value of 0.44 and (5) CV. Mizan with a value of 0.41. </strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong><em>K</em></strong><strong><em>eywords</em></strong> - <em>Supplier Performance Assessment, VPI, FAHP, QCDFR</em></p>

Distribution Pattern of Urban Street Trees in Rome (Italy): A Multifactorial Evaluation of Selection Criteria

Street trees play a significant ecological role in modern urban ecosystems, but usually the selection criteria follow pragmatic reasons rather than bio-ecological suitability. Understanding the influence of such factors can be relevant, especially in cities having a certain complexity and area. This paper aims to analyze the variation in the distribution of street tree species within the city’s municipia of Rome to determine the influence of some factors in the selection process. Here, we have described the species of street trees in fourteen municipia of Rome, and we created five clusters of factors (bio-ecological, aesthetic, historical–cultural, health, and economic) that could constitute selection criteria for street trees. From our data analysis, the municipia of Rome were grouped into four main groups and the choice of trees was based on multiple selection criteria. Foliage type, longevity, fruit type, autochthony, and economic value were the primary criteria. In 90–100% of municipia, deciduous species dominate, with 50–150 years longevity, dry fruits, exotic species, and prices of <€500 per tree. Additionally, the flower type, allergenicity, size class, and cultural value were the secondary criteria. The biological and ecological characteristics of trees are key factors to consider in order to reduce the management of street trees and relative costs.

Comparative commodity characteristics of stone fruits

The purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of the chemical composition, structure, and assessment of the quality and health value of stone fruits of different types. The article discusses different types of stone fruit and indicates their plum hybrids that have appeared recently. A comparative characteristic of the consumer and anatomical and morphological properties of stone fruits of traditional types is given; their pomological and commercial varieties are indicated. The fundamental and specific indicators of the quality of stone fruits of different types, envisioned in the modified interstate standards,have been identified. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of the useful properties of the fruits of this group. The features of packaging and storage of stone fruits are considered.

Comparative commodity characteristics of citrus fruits

The purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of the chemical composition, structure, and assessment of the quality and health value of citrus fruits of diff erent types. The article discusses different types of citrus fruits and indicates their numerous hybrids that have appeared recently. A comparative characteristic of the consumer and anatomical and morphological properties of citrus fruits of traditional types is given; their pomological and commercial varieties are indicated. The fundamental and specific indicators of the quality of citrus fruits of different types, envisioned in the modified interstate standards, have been identified. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of the useful properties of the fruits of this group. The features of packaging and storage of citrus fruits are considered.

Occurrence of Mycotoxins in Dried Fruits Worldwide, with a Focus on Aflatoxins and Ochratoxin A: A Review.

Dried fruits are popular and nutritious snacks consumed worldwide due to their long shelf life and concentrated nutrient content. However, fruits can be contaminated with various toxigenic fungal species during different stages, including cultivation, harvesting, processing, drying, and storage. Consequently, these products may contain high levels of mycotoxins. This risk is particularly pronounced in developed countries due to the impact of climate change. Several factors contribute to mycotoxin production, including the type of fruit, geographical location, climate conditions, harvest treatments, and storage management practices. The main mycotoxins in dried fruits are aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA), which can induce human health problems and economic losses. Mycotoxin contamination can vary significantly depending on the geographic origin of dried fruits (vine fruits, figs, dates, apricots, prunes, and mulberries). The aim of this review was to fill the knowledge gap by consolidating data from various regions to understand the global picture and identify regions with higher contamination risks. By consolidating research from various origins and stages of the supply chain, the review intends to shed light on potential contamination events during pre-harvest, drying, storage, and trading, while also highlighting the effects of storage conditions and climate change on mycotoxin contamination.

Study on the dimension correction of juicy peach based on diffuse transmittance online detection

At present, visible/near infrared (VIS/NIR) spectroscopy has been widely used in fruit quality detection, but the different dimensions of fruit will affect the accuracy of quality detection, especially the online detection. At this time, it is necessary to study a dimension correction method to improve the accuracy of spectral detection. Therefore, in this paper, VIS/NIR spectroscopy technology was used to collect the spectra and soluble solid content (SSC) of three fruit types of peach(small, medium and large fruit) under different integration time. The analysis of their spectral attenuation revealed that the spectral energy of medium and large fruit, all attenuated under short integration time, and their complete spectrum could be collected under long integration time, indicating that adjusting the integration time was feasible. After that, partial least square method (PLS) was used to develop the combination model with the spectral data of different dimensions of peach under different integration time, and the optimal model was obtained. When the integration time of small fruit, medium fruit and large fruit was 80 ms, 100 ms and 120 ms respectively, the prediction correlation coefficient (Rp) of the model was 0.846. Then multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) was used to pretreat the optimal model, and the Rp of the model was 0.857. The results showed that using different integration time could reduce the influence of dimension difference on the online quality detection of peach, realize dimension correction, and more accurately detect the quality of peach. In addition, it also showed that the dimension correction method can improve the accuracy of spectral detection, and has certain application value for spectral detection.

A deep CNN approach to detect and classify local fruits through a web interface

An automated fruit identification system may be used in the supermarket to help consumers determine the type and standard of fruits. Automatic fruit categorization and recognition is becoming increasingly popular, but it is also becoming more difficult due to low contrast and ambiguous characteristics. Proposed research used deep learning algorithms to classify fruit images and developed a web-based system for autonomous fruit identification. However, autonomous fruit categorization is not a relatively easy process that is dependent on the locations, shapes, colors, and sizes of the objects. Proposed study collected samples from different local places, then removed images backdrops and improved them for a more accurate result. ResNet-50, VGG-19, Inception-V3, and MobileNet were utilized to achieve more precise feature extraction. Among these, MobileNet achieved 99.21% accuracy in feature extraction, outperforming previously proposed machine learning techniques. 3240 samples of eight different fruits are collected from the Bangladeshi countryside, including Carambola, Bilimbi, Elephant Apple, Emblica, Burmese Grape, Sapodilla, Tamarind, and Wood Apple. As a consequence of this research, the proposed approach will aid individuals and industry in recognizing local fruits due to its high accuracy rate and web-based system.

Identification of Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae Causing Zucchini Fruit Rot in Inner Mongolia, China

Fruit rot is one of the major diseases impacting the production and quality of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo). In August 2021, fruit rot symptoms were observed on the zucchini fruit ‘Jindi 1’ in the Wuyuan region in Inner Mongolia, China with an incidence ranging from 10% to 30%. Where the pepo was in contact with the soil, dark grey and spongy corky lesions 4–5 cm in diameter with a light brown halo were observed. The internal necrosis of the fruit rind was also recorded. From the affected fruits, fungal colonies belonging to the Fusarium species were exclusively isolated. Molecular analysis of the ITS, TEF-1α, and RPB2 sequences identified the isolates as Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae. Inoculated on ‘Jindi 1’, the strain Fx-1a induced typical fruit rot on the pepo and wilting on seedlings, while negative-controls remained asymptomatic. The impact of this disease on seed quality and yield in zucchini seed production needs to be further studied.