Front Panel Research Articles

Smart House Control using LabVIEW

This project is solely based on the IOT application of Smart house. This is the day and age of smart devices. Companies are looking to transform the way humans interact with the environment. So digital technologies such as IOT is gaining popularity across the globe. So, trying to implement an IOT model which can function with the help of LabView and Arduino. The main objective of this project is to implement 5 subsystems which are frequently used in a smart house namely: Internal lighting system, External lighting system, Burglar alarm, Temperature and Smoke detector. The other main objective is to monitor the sensor data on the front panel of LabVIEW. The project is successfully completed and the original goals are met. The sensor data is continuously monitored and this data can be viewed on the front panel of LabVIEW. And with the help of LabVIEW, various loads can be controlled such as lights and fans.

The repolarization pattern of ARVC patients, healthy gene carriers and controls as analyzed with a 252-leads Body Surface Mapping Vest

Abstract Background Repolarization abnormalities have a central role on the diagnosis of ARVC according to recent HRS consensus document from 2019 stating that T wave inversion in the right precordial leads is a major criteria if it appears in V1-V3 or a minor criteria if it appears in only V1-V2. Purpose The aim of our study was to investigate whether repolarization patterns as recorded by a Body Surface Mapping (BSM) system consisting of a vest with 252 ECG leads, could differentiate ARVC patients and even gene carriers from normal individuals. Our hypothesis is that the method can potentially identify repolarization disturbances earlier or better than conventional 12-lead ECG. Method 12 definite ARVC patients, 20 healthy gene carriers and 8 family members who tested negative for the family mutation (controls) were included. All patients underwent 12-lead ECG, including right precordial leads (V4R) and BSM recordings. Repolarization (T-wave polarity and concordance with QRS complex vector) was analyzed qualitatively in all BSM recordings, the results of which were displayed on a color code map (fig.1). Results The mean age was 49.6, 43.6 and 38.8 years in ARVC patients, healthy gene carriers and controls, respectively. The number of males in the three groups were 8/12, 8/20 and 5/8, respectively. All 8 controls had similar repolarization patterns with negative and concordant T waves on the right back panel, and T waves that successively changed from negative concordant (green) to positive disconcordant (red) and finally positive concordant (blue) on the left front panel (pattern 1). All 12 ARVC patients had different repolarization patterns as compared to the controls. Two of these patients had no apparent repolarization changes on conventional 12 lead ECG. The pattern type 2 repolarization, as defined by same pattern as the controls at the right back panel but different pattern at the front left panel was seen in 3/12 ARVC patients. The remaining 9 ARVC patients had different repolarization patterns both on the front and on the back panel (pattern 3). Among gene carriers, 15 had a normal repolarization pattern (pattern 1) and 5 demonstrated an abnormal repolarization pattern (4 had pattern type 2 and one pattern 3) despite normal surface ECG. Conclusions Using BSM recordings, abnormal repolarization patterns can be detected in all ARVC patients, even in those without repolarization changes on conventional surface ECG. The observation that 25% of gene carriers had divergent repolarization patterns, may indicate an early stage of the disease, and be used as an early diagnostic marker of the disease. Further and larger studies are warranted to confirm these observations. Repolarisation patterns recorded by BSM Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Selanders Stiftelse

Application Two-Dimensional Pattern Development of Cycling Tights based on the Three-Dimensional Body Scan Data of High School Male Cyclist

This study develops an optimal two-dimensional (2D) pattern from three-dimensional human scan data by con sidering the cycling posture and dermatome of high school male cyclists. By analyzing the body surface change in the cycling posture and considering the dermatome of the lower limbs, the optimal cutting line setting and the development of cycling tights for individual cyclists were presented to provide data that could be used in the clothing industry. We designed three cycling tights to solve the size unsuitability. 3D design 1 is a non-extension design based on the analysis of the 3D human body scan data, in which parts were connected diagonally from the front of the knee to the back of the knee. 3D design 2 removed both the front and back to reduce air resistance during cycling. 3D design 3 did not have a cutting line on the front panel because of the air resistance during cycling in the front area. We analyzed the garment pres sure for 8 points of lower body and performed a subjective evaluation of the 3D designed tights and the current cycling tights. The 3D design 1 in this study was well received in the omphalion, thigh, and hip area, while 3D design 3 was well received in the omphalion, thigh, hip, and bottom bands. Therefore, the LoNE of 3D design 1 was applied to the front, and the hip cutting line of 3D design 3 was applied to the back.

Nitrogen and water vapor pumping study on a 400 mm opening LN2 cooled sorption cryopump

To study the pumping speed of nitrogen and water vapor, 400 mm opening liquid nitrogen cooled sorption cryopump is developed in house and its applicability is studied. This pump has cryosorption panels made of copper and coated with granular activated charcoal using cryogenic adhesives. Pumping speed of the cryopump is measured using the American Vacuum Society (AVS) standards. Experimentally measured average pumping speed for nitrogen and water vapor are 2388 l s−1 and 17542 l s−1 respectively. Pumping performance is simulated using Molflow + software developed by CERN. On comparing the experimental results with the Molflow+, we found that, charcoal sticking co-efficient for nitrogen at 82.5 K is 0.14 and at maximum experimental pumping speed it is 0.25. For water vapor, measured pumping speed is close to the simulated pumping speed when 0.8 sticking co-efficient is considered for the louvre baffle, radiation shield and front panel and their temperatures were below 95 K. Measurement of nitrogen pumping speed for different geometrical conditions is carried out to see the geometrical effect on pumping speed. Our finding agree for applicability of this pump for nitrogen and water vapor pumping and can be mounted in any orientation and is easy to regenerate.

Simulation and Optimization of Acoustic Package of Dash Panel Based on SEA

The instrument panel assembly is an important structure to shield powertrain noise and front wheel noise, and the instrument panel sound insulation system plays a key role in it. Therefore, the sound insulation characteristics of the instrument panel sound insulation components appear particularly important. In the existing technology, the acoustic design of instrument panel mostly adopts the reverse design method and pays little attention to the forward design of acoustic system, which tends to lead to the shortcomings such as inaccurate acoustic design and poor acoustic design quality. The reverse design also restricts the development cycle, so the control and design of acoustic performance cannot be realized in the initial stage of design. Based on the above problems, the statistical energy model of the dashboard model was established by combining the statistical energy flow method and the proxy model method, and the influences of different acoustic cladding layers, different thickness, leakage, and new material microfibers on the sound insulation parameters of the front coaming were simulated. The general rules that affect the sound insulation performance of the structure are obtained. On this basis, multiobjective genetic algorithm and proxy model method are used to optimize the insertion loss of the front panel acoustic pack and the weight of the dashboard by introducing multiobjective variable and experimental design method, so as to obtain the best solution to meet the requirements of insertion loss and lightweight acoustic pack of the dashboard. It is of great engineering significance for the development of acoustic components for forward design instrument panel.

Virtual lab on analytical chemistry for pharmacy students of distance learning

Extramural education along with certain advantages has some disadvantages, including the lack of the possibility of acquiring experimental work skills. Pharmacy students of correspondence courses should study a number of chemical disciplines, including analytical chemistry. Virtual labs could solve the problem of lack of laboratory training, at least partially. Virtual laboratory works on chemistry, described in the literature, are built on the basis of multimedia technologies (audio, video, animations, presentations and other visual effects).
 The purpose of this work is the creation of a computer program that would not only visually simulate the process of acid-base titration, but also create a task for a student, i.e. – definition of titrant volume and calculation the concentration of an analyte in a virtual sample.
 Virtual laboratory work was developed in the LabVIEW12 package (National Instruments, USA).
 A file of virtual laboratory work along with all educational materials is received via e-mail by all students. When you open the laboratory work file, the front panel of the virtual instrument shows the setup for titration, a series of indicator windows for displaying information, and a virtual monitor screen for displaying the titration curve. Then the program guides the student through the following steps: registration of personal data and definition embodiment, visualization of titration and formation of the titration curve, mapping the first derivative of the titration curve, increasing the scale of the graph and determining the volume of titrant at the equivalence point. After finishing the task, the student makes a print-screen, inserts it into his report with the calculations and sends it to the teacher via e-mail for verification in a timely manner.
 Thus, the described laboratory work allows the student to observe the formation of the titration curve and its subsequent transformation, as well as to master the processing of titration results. Development of virtual laboratory works similar to other methods for quantitative analysis will form a complete virtual laboratory practice, which can increase the level of training of pharmacy students and eventually move to distance learning.

Production Automation as A Factor in Improving Product Quality in The Automotive Industry

The automation of production is an important element in the functioning of any production enterprise. The aim of this article is to analyze the quality of the product made manually with the use of spot-welding machines and to analyze the quality of the product made by the industrial robot type "Fanuc Robotics S-420i". The analyzed product was the front panel of the body, made of semi-finished products in the spot-welding process. During the analysis, the impact of production automation on the product quality was found. Applications of the robotized welding process are used not only because of better quality parameters, but also because of the significant reduction of production costs and less fatigue of employees. The robot operator is a quality controller and contributes to quality management.

Establishing correction solutions for scanning laser Doppler vibrometer measurements affected by sensor head vibration

Scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (SLDV) measurements are affected by sensor head vibrations as if they are vibrations of the target surface itself. This paper presents practical correction schemes to solve this important problem. The study begins with a theoretical analysis, for arbitrary vibration and any scanning configuration, which shows that the only measurement required is of the vibration velocity at the incident point on the final steering mirror in the direction of the outgoing laser beam and this underpins the two correction options investigated. Correction sensor location is critical; the first scheme uses an accelerometer pair located on the SLDV sensor head front panel, either side of the emitted laser beam, while the second uses a single accelerometer located along the optical axis behind the final steering mirror.Initial experiments with a vibrating sensor head and stationary target confirmed the sensitivity to sensor head vibration together with the effectiveness of the correction schemes which reduced overall error by 17 dB (accelerometer pair) and 27 dB (single accelerometer). In extensive further tests with both sensor head and target vibration, conducted across a range of scan angles, the correction schemes reduced error by typically 14 dB (accelerometer pair) and 20 dB (single accelerometer). RMS phase error was also up to 30% lower for the single accelerometer option, confirming it as the preferred option. The theory suggests a geometrical weighting of the correction measurements and this provides a small additional improvement.Since the direction of the outgoing laser beam and its incident point on the final steering mirror both change as the mirrors scan the laser beam, the use of fixed axis correction transducers mounted in fixed locations makes the correction imperfect. The associated errors are estimated and expected to be generally small, and the theoretical basis for an enhanced three-axis correction is presented.

Extensão do self no ambiente virtual: proposta de estrutura conceitual

Objetivo: No presente estudo, buscou-se entender como os consumidores expressam experiências de consumo no ambiente virtual e como essas postagens se relacionam com a extensão do “self”. Método: Partiu-se da observação das “self-presentations” que afloraram das postagens dos usuários no aplicativo “Vivino” (comunidade para apreciadores de vinho), complementados por entrevistas qualitativas. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo para as observações e a hermenêutica para as entrevistas. Originalidade/Relevância: Explorar os aspectos simbólicos do consumo do vinho, usando abordagem qualitativa, baseada em observação não participativa do aplicativo Vivino, uma comunidade virtual colaborativa para apreciadores de vinho, para compreender a extensão do “self” refletida no ambiente digital. Resultados: Entre os motivos que explicam a participação do consumidor em comunidades de consumo, destaca-se o fascínio que o compartilhamento exerce sobre os indivíduos, levando-os a desenvolver a necessidade de participar do “espetáculo”, a fim de dar significado à sua existência, em uma sociedade totalmente mediada por imagens. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: A fim de representar os principais achados desta investigação empírica, elaborou-se uma estrutura conceitual do processo de formação do “extended self” no ambiente digital.

Products of Interest

July 27 2020 Products of Interest Author and Article Information Online Issn: 1531-5169 Print Issn: 0148-9267 © 2021 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.2021Massachusetts Institute of Technology Computer Music Journal (2020) 44 (2-3): 167–187. https://doi.org/10.1162/comj_r_00566 Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Products of Interest. Computer Music Journal 2020; 44 (2-3): 167–187. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/comj_r_00566 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsComputer Music Journal Search Advanced Search Grid is a set of portable, modular MIDI controllers from Hungarian company Intech Studio (see Figure 1). There are four controllers currently available with plans to expand the offerings in the future. The PO16 is a 4 × 4 grid of 16 potentiometers. The BU16 module features a 4 × 4 grid of tactile buttons, which can be set to toggle or momentary action. The EN16A is a 4 × 4 grid of 16 push-button encoders. The PBF4 controller is a mixing module with four 30-mm faders, four potentiometers, and four buttons. Each of the GRID controllers measure 106.6 × 106.6 × 32 mm and weigh 250 g. They have an aluminum front panel with programmable RGB LEDs for all controls. Each module has a USB-C connector for power and data. They also have magnetic connectors on all four sides of the module that are used to connect them... You do not currently have access to this content.

Development of metacage for noise control and natural ventilation in a window system

Ventilation window is one of the critical elements in sustainable building development, although frequently, outdoor factors such as environmental noise can limit their use. It is necessary to develop windows with both natural ventilation and noise mitigation functions. Acoustic Metamaterials (AMMs) set a new trend in solving physical challenges related to sound wave control, which can find their applications in ventilation window. This study presents a design based on acoustic metacage concept to enhance the window’s natural ventilation and acoustic performance. Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to study and optimise the acoustic performance of the metacage window. The ventilation is evaluated at the same time following predefined guidelines related to the window’s opening ratio and air-flow directivity. The metacage window structure finally, reduces the noise transmission with a mean value of 30 dB within a frequency range of 350–5000 Hz and has an opening ratio of the 33% compared to the whole system surface. The front panel gives a mean high frequencies TL contribution of 17 dB (2000–5000 Hz). Additional lateral constraint and cavities increase the TL performance up to 70% on a wider lower frequency range (350–5000 Hz). Thanks to the cavities, the resonant unit cells among the acoustic metasurface (AMS) significantly suppress sound from exiting the structure in broadband frequencies and allow bigger opening on the lateral side. This significantly contributes to the natural ventilation potential of the metacage window, which in the long term, becomes equally effective to the conventional open windows.

A Highly Efficient Neural Network Solution for Automated Detection of Pointer Meters with Different Analog Scales Operating in Different Conditions

We investigate a neural network–based solution for the Automatic Meter Reading detection problem, applied to analog dial gauges. We employ a convolutional neural network with a non-linear Network in Network kernel. Presently, there is a significant interest in systems for automatic detection of analog dial gauges, particularly in the energy and household sectors, but the problem is not yet sufficiently addressed in research. Our method is a universal three-level model that takes an image as an input and outputs circular bounding areas, object classes, grids of reference points for all symbols on the front panel of the device and positions of display pointers. Since all analog pointer meters have a common nature, this multi-cascade model can serve various types of devices if its capacity is sufficient. The model is using global regression for locations of symbols, which provides resilient results even for low image quality and overlapping symbols. In this work, we do not focus on the pointer location detection since it heavily depends on the shape of the pointer. We prepare training data and benchmark the algorithm with our own framework a3net, not relying on third-party neural network solutions. The experimental results demonstrate the versatility of the proposed methods, high accuracy, and resilience of reference points detection.

Baby Warmer to Improve Neonatal Resuscitation Training

Objectives To enhance realism in neonatal simulations, a modification to a commercial infant warmer was desired. The ideal modification must allow use of existing controls and alarm functions, as well as work with any manikin to display temperature, and to provide feedback to learners about patient condition. Methods A Panda BNT-1000 radiant baby warmer was used for this warmer unit modification. The radiant warmer’s heat lamps were disconnected from the control board. Then the 120 VAC heat lamp output was connected to a low voltage (12VDC 2A) transformer to power LED lights. Two parallel strips of LEDs, with a color-temperature of 2000K, were run along the parabolic reflector. Ordinarily, the front temperature sensor is controlled by a thermistor. We internally disconnected the thermistor, and replaced it with a fixed resistor in series with a correctly proportioned potentiometer. This modification allows the front-panel temperature readout to be altered without any actual change in temperature. Results The resistance of the thermistor at physiologic temperature was 12.6K-Ohm. A 10K-Ohm resistor and a 10K-Ohm potentiometer applied in series across this terminal provides controllable temperature readouts on the front panel, producing a fully functional-appearing radiant warmer with standard operation and alarms. The improved warmer design allows simulation of hypo- and hyper-thermic conditions that previously could not be accomplished. Conclusion Color-temperature matched LED light strips are a visually similar alternative to thermal heating elements in an infant warmer. User control (via potentiometer) of the front-panel temperature display allows training of temperature physiology while preserving system alarms. Additionally, simulation equipment will no longer experience damaging heat or UV exposure.

Field‐matching at the compact SIW horn antenna aperture using genetic algorithm

AbstractA compact substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) horn antenna is proposed with improvements in antenna gain and back lobe level. By pixelating the metal part of the antenna aperture and considering the presence or absence of metal in each pixel using Genetic Algorithm (GA), the electromagnetic field distribution could be controlled especially in the front panel of the antenna. As a result, an increase of 4 dBi occurs in gain and back lobe level is 10.8 dB better than the conventional SIW horn antenna. The proposed antenna works at the frequency of 30.2 GHz and without adding any parts to conventional SIW Horn antenna we do not leave the antenna in compact mode. In order to verify the simulation results, two commercial software has been used and the results are good both in CST and HFSS.

Sound Absorption Characteristics of Sandwich Panel Made from Double Leaf Micro-perforated Panel And Natural Fiber

One of sound-absorbent developed nowadays, micro-perforated panel (MPP), effectively reduce reflected acoustic energy after approach the panel based on a Helmholtz-type resonance absorber. Some MPPs modifications have been applied to increase its performance, like the application of double-leaf MPP. Furthermore, the implementation of sound absorption materials made of natural fibers recently has invited more attention to some researcher because it is biodegradable, environmentally friendly, and economical. In this paper, a sandwich panel made of double MPP and natural fiber as sound absorptive material is investigated. The MPPs are made of a transparent acrylic board 1.5 mm thickness, 0.8 mm hole’s diameter with five mm hole distance in front panel, and five mm in the backing panel. Two different types of natural fibers panel; pineapple leaf fiber and oil palm fiber from empty fruit bunches are used in this sandwich. a low-cost impedance tube with double channel microphone is used to measure the sound absorption coefficients. It is found that the sandwich model changes the sound absorption characteristics of MPP by shifting the maximum absorption coefficient into the lower frequency and raising the absorption coefficient of the double MPP following its natural fiber panel absorption coefficient. The total impedance of sandwich gives the effect of decreasing the frequency peak of the absorption, and higher resistance of the fiber panel will increase the absorption coefficient and broaden the frequency peak.

Valve regulated lead acid battery diagnostic system based on infrared thermal imaging and fuzzy algorithm

In recent times, advanced inspection technique like infrared thermography (IRT) has been used widely for fault diagnosis of electrical equipment in non-contact, non-destructive and non-invasive manner. Manual classification of faults from the IRT images requires more time and effort. In this work, an intelligent scheme for predictive fault diagnosis in VRLA battery is presented for scheduling its preventive maintenance. IR images of pristine and aged VRLA battery in uninterrupted power supply application are acquired using IR camera at different discharging cycles. Image processing of IR images is performed for detection of faults. In order to intelligently classify the faults a fuzzy inference system is developed. Proposed scheme for automatic diagnosis and classification of faults in VRLA battery is implemented using LabVIEW 2015 software. The output information defining the condition of VRLA battery is displayed on front panel of LabVIEW and stored in MS Excel file with the time stamp at hard disk of host computer for further reliability analysis. Based on occurrence of major faults in VRLA battery, alert signal is send to intended users at both onsite and remote locations. To facilitate remote condition monitoring of VRLA battery, front panel information is continuously provided to remote user using web publishing tool of LabVIEW. Using proposed technique, the fault diagnosis of lead acid batteries in different battery applications can similarly be performed in non-invasive manner.

Virtual measurement system for UHF-transistor amplifiers

Introduction. Measurement systems for research of telecommunication devices and of their elements are difficult to maintain and expensive. Therefore when possible, its may be replaced by virtual measurement systems (VMS), which allow one to perform measurements based on physical parameters of testing device. Aim. VMS development for measuring of amplifiers parameters by means of simulation modeling based on amplifier topology. Methods and materials. VMS is to be used for research of a small signal amplifier (a part of transceiver). It consists of program modules and graphic interface, realized by LabVIEW. The program part contains text modules in LabVIEW syntax, which calculate S-parameters frequency dependencies for an amplifier. For definition of parameters amplifier circuit by a decomposition technique is being split into sequential two-port net-works, which can be described by corresponding matrixes. After determination of frequency dependent matrixes elements, the matrixes are being converted and multiplied. It allows one to obtain frequency dependencies of parameters of an amplifier. VMS interface is a 3-D-rendered on a computer screen front panel of a virtual vector network analyzer with a device under test connected to its test ports. Results. VMS for UHF-amplifiers research based on given topology was described. The calculations of amplifier transmission lines and amplifier in the whole parameters based on corresponding matrixes and their conversions were presented. The algorithm of a measuring system operation was described. 3D measuring complex and objects under test visualization were shown. The comparison with existing software for design and simulation of UHF-devices such as Microwave Office was realized. Conclusions. Contrary to Microwave Office, aimed to solution of synthesis tasks, VMS is aimed to research tasks. It has a realistic visualization of measurement devises and simple parameters input, do not need big computer resources and is free. VMS can be used in educational process, especially for online education, when using of Microwave Office is impossible.

Temperature simulation and control in refrigerated storage chambers for fruit

Fruits such as guava or grapes need to be stored for long times under refrigerated conditions, in order to prevent decay. Therefore, it is important to count on a refrigerated storage chamber with controlled temperatures, as required by every stored fruit. The temperature in the refrigeration system’s steam-compression evaporator will be limited by the temperature required by the cold storage chamber. The purpose of this research was to develop a program for temperature simulation and control for refrigerated storage chambers for fruit. The programming research was carried out at the Informatics Laboratory of the Agroindustrial Engineering school of the Universidad Nacional de Moquegua, Peru. The temperature simulation and control program for refrigerated storage chambers for fruit was developed with National Instruments’ LabVIEW programming language, 2016 version. The simulation and modeling programming block diagram and front panel were developed for temperature control in such storage chamber, which will allow the evaporator’s operation when the temperature sensor shows temperatures above the set point and deactivation when the temperature is below the set point, in order to keep the temperature required for conservation of the fruits stored.

Исследование процесса расхода рабочей жидкости и программирования процессов стрижки и купания овец

Abstract. When clipping sheep, their wool soaks a certain part of the liquid. This leads to a certain consumption of the working liquid of the bath. The consumption of bath liquid is directly proportional to the area of wool and the total number of treated sheep. The length of the residual wool after crutching has a significant effect on the bath liquid consumption. The smaller the short shearing is, the greater the number of sheep can be processed. The change of consumption of the working liquid is strongly dependent on the number of sheep treated. The mathematical model of the process of sheep crutching and dipping operation was developed for IBM-compatible personal computers with the Windows 98/2000/XP/ NT/ 7/10 operating systems in the Delphi 7 programming language. The window based front panel for data entry is implemented, as well as a graphic representation of the calculation results. The output parameters of the mathematical model are: a graph of changes in the temperature of the working liquid in a bath for sheep dipping operation; a graph to determine the time range in which the permissible temperature value is reached; a graph to determine the number of sheep, after which the liquid must be added. A mathematical description of the process of

Collision between a Pedestrian and Tram - Pilot Experiment

This article intends to present the first results of a long-term research project, which will result in developing a validated model of a pedestrian for the simulation of crash tests involving tram fronts and, where applicable, the fronts of other urban rail vehicles. The current phase of research includes results of the pilot experiment with a crash-test dummy, and these results supplement the results from simulations, thus demonstrating how important it is to pay special attention to the individual stages of a collision event and how important the localisation of and moulding by an individual tram's front panels are for the nature of the monitored stages. In the first stage, inertia of individual body segments plays a significant role, with the primary contact taking place between the tram's bumper and dummy's thigh. The dummy subsequently takes the shape of the tram's front with progressive bumps to shoulders and head following. At that moment, the tram brakes, and the dummy begins to disentangle from the front panel. The friction force between the dummy's soles and the surface of the rail track is very significant for the nature of this second stage of the collision event .The dummy then hits the ground. It is an accelerated fall, and under the given conditions, it is the stage that has the most devastating impact on the dummy. The simulation made shows the way to modify this dangerous stage to be less harmful to a pedestrian involved in a tram collision.