Friendship Activities Research Articles

Friendship Creates Intercontinental Cooperation in Aerosol Research

At the Asian Aerosol Conference 2022 a Commemorative Session took place to honor Prof. Dr. Dave Pui for fifty years of successful aerosol research, working together with students and post docs, mainly from Asia and aerosol scientist from all over the world and honor him for his friendship activities within the aerosol community. I know Dave 50 years. We collaborated for more than 40 years, supported by students, post docs, other colleagues and our families based on a deep, still going on friendship.

중⋅고령자의 성별⋅연령별 삶의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인 연구

The purpose of this study is to analyse factors affecting life satisfaction by gender and age of the middle-aged and elderly over 50 years old empirically, and then to discuss implications for the findings. The findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, demographic and sociological factors affecting life satisfaction of middle-aged and elderly over 50 years old are different by gender and age. education of 60s male and 50s, over 80s female, married 50s~70s male and 50s female, number of child of 50s female, region of 50s female have positive effect on their life satisfaction statistically significantly. Second, economic factors affecting life satisfaction of middle-aged and elderly over 50 years old are different by gender and age. Household income of 50s male and over 60s female, paid work of 50s male and female, preparation for retirement of 50s~60s male and female, real estate ownership of 50s~70s male, having financial assets of 50s and 60s male have positive effect on their life satisfaction. And liabilities of 50s~70s male and 50s and 60s female have negative effect on their life satisfaction. Third, leisure factors affecting life satisfaction of middle-aged and elderly over 50 years old are different by gender and age. Religious activities of 60s male, working out of 60s male, traveling of over 50s male and 50s, over 70s female, friendship activities of 50s, over 70s male have positive effect on their life satisfaction. Fourth, health and activities of daily living functions of middle-aged and elderly over 50 years old are different by gender and age. Physical health of from over both 50s male and female have positive effect on their life satisfaction. negative mental health of over 60s male and over 50s female, ADL of 60s female, IADL of 70s male, and 50s, 70s, and over 80 female have negative effect on their life satisfaction.

China's great transformation: from duty to personal rejuvenation and well-being

If the freedom to choose is important for personal well-being, what happens when there are drastic restrictions on personal choice? China represents an opportune case to explore this question. Its fifty-plus years of experimenting with a redistributive command economy, combined with periodic bursts of political fever, made extreme egalitarianism more important than other Chinese values recognising individual merit, vision, and achievement. Throughout much of Chinese history, these values were widely shared; but in the current era, an alternative cultural model was stressed: social responsibility for the community and nation. Individuals were ideally expected to de-emphasise their individuality in favour of "the common good". In China, the juxtaposition of the two competing value systems—extreme egalitarianism versus individual choice, responsibility, and personal achievement—engendered confusion, anger, angst, and unhappiness. In China, from 1949 to 1976, this accounts, in part, for much of the suffering people experienced in living their lives. In this article I examine the Chinese cultural model for life satisfaction or wellbeing in two different eras: work unit (danwei), socialism (1981–1983), and market reform (1987–2000). My sample was found in Hohhot, the provincial capital of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in northern China, where I lived from 1981 to 1983; six months in 1987; five months in 2000 (a total of 35 months). I will also examine the ways Chinese sought well-being in four different domains: friendship, family, occupation, and fun activities. By analysing how Chinese conceptualised their lives over time, I will identify the conceptual frameworks individuals used to assess their relative well-being.

Kääntäjäksi idänkauppaan

The present study examines training of Russian language translators in the 1980s. The main focus is on the social and ideological context of the lively bilateral trade with the Soviet Union due to which demand for translators with a command of Russian was high in Finland. The material consists of exercises used by the author of this article in teaching Russian–Finnish translation at Savonlinna School of Translation Studies. The analysis concentrates on describing what kind of source texts and commissions were typical in translation exercises. The results of the analysis suggest that the most common type of text used in translation assignments was a media text published in a newspaper or a periodical. Media texts were perhaps not ideal from the point of view of authentic translation tasks, but teachers compensated for this by imitating real-life commissions that were linked to bilateral trade or friendship activities between Finland and the Soviet Union.

Objective Facebook behaviour: Differences between problematic and non-problematic users

The aim of the study was to test whether, and how much, specific objective Facebook behaviours are more frequent in problematic than non-problematic Facebook users. Differences between problematic and non-problematic Facebook users in objective Facebook behaviours were examined using frequentist and Bayesian t-tests. Participants were undergraduate students (n = 297, 80.8% female, age mean = 21.05, standard deviation = 1.88). Problematic Facebook use was assessed using fifteen items adapted from the scale developed and validated for the measurement of Generalized Problematic Internet Use. A specific R package was developed to obtain information about objective Facebook behaviours (friendship activities, events, wall activities, and text messages). T-tests indicated that non-problematic and problematic users significantly differ in several objective Facebook behaviours. Bayesian analyses confirmed t-test results and supported that Problematic users scored higher than non-problematic users in several dependent variables, such as number of friendships established, number of events attended, all wall activities (e.g. number of “like”), and private messages sent. The analysis of data about objective Facebook behaviours goes beyond the self-reported information about such activities, and helps to understand the role of its potentially addictive activities in predicting PFU.

Alcohol marketing on social media: young adults engage with alcohol marketing on facebook

Background: Young adults are highly-active users of social network sites such as Facebook for their everyday friendship socializing. Alcohol companies have strategically used Facebook to embed their alcohol marketing into young adults’ social networking friendship activities, blurring the lines between user and alcohol brand generated content. This study explored mechanisms through which commercial alcohol interests interact with young adults’ online friendship practices and how young adults engage with this online alcohol marketing.Method: Researcher-participant online Facebook interviews were conducted with seven (4 females, 3 males) New Zealand young adults (18–25 years). The interviews were recorded using data screen-capture software to track participants’ online navigation and audiovisual recording of the conversation and non-verbal behaviors.Results: Our social constructionist thematic analysis identified that online alcohol marketing is obscured within friendship endorsing and invitations to drink; taken up as content for Facebook friendship fun; and objected to as intrusions into online friendship activities.Conclusions: Social media alcohol marketing encourages alcohol consumption through new forms of promotion and the exploitation of networked peer group friendship practices. The interaction between young adults’ online friendship practices and alcohol marketers as “friends” inside these practices needs urgent attention by policymakers seeking to reduce alcohol consumption.

Reflections on Smartphone: A New Paradigm of Modernity in Nigeria

This article deals with the study of smartphone adoption and utilization, as a new paradigm of modernity in Nigeria drawing the framework of domestication theory to unravel how the system device integrate into the university students everyday lives. The research draws on self-completion questionnaire and a surveyed of respondents in two sample locations: 250 students at Benson Idahosa University and 350 students at Delta State University using heterogeneous sampling strategy and subjected to statistical conversion via simple percentage, chi-square test and one-way Anova. The findings revealed a number of smartphone domestication patterns citing respondents’ appropriation of smartphone with age, year of study, family income and family status of respondents as intervening variables in the adoption behaviour. The study further found access to internet and other applications as the most important smartphone objectification to the respondents in respective universities. Respondents’ indication of smartphone incorporation was noted relative to a wide range of friendship activities in their advancement and maintenance of social relationships. The article suggests that future research on smartphone domestication in Nigeria should embrace mixed methods approach: qualitative and quantitative to provide a comprehensive understanding of smartphone adoption and utilization behaviour. Keywords: Smartphone, Modernity, Nigeria, domestication, heterogeneous, university students: BIU, DELSU, Gender and mixed methods

Friendship Work on Facebook: Young Adults' Understandings and Practices of Friendship

AbstractYoung adults use social networking sites (SNSs) such as Facebook to engage as friends, yet there has been little systematic research that has investigated their sense‐making of friendship in relation to their uses of Facebook, as well as how Facebook as a socio‐technical system interacts with their friendship practices. Twelve friendship discussion groups were conducted in urban and non‐urban New Zealand, with 26 women and 25 men aged 18–25 years, in same and mixed‐gender groups. Our social constructionist thematic analysis showed the young adults made sense of friendship through themes of ‘fun times together’, an ‘investment’, ‘protection’ and ‘self‐authenticity’, and these meanings were enacted in particular ways within Facebook. This SNS was used primarily for enjoying friendship and ‘investing in’ friendships, and friendship protection was required to maintain friends' online privacy. Facebook provided a way to demonstrate self‐authenticity within friendship relationships through censored ‘show off’ self‐displays and favoured friendship activities. Facebook supported, disrupted and modified these particular friendship understandings by broadening the audience for friendship actions and intensifying friends' responses through 24/7 accessibility and instantaneous activity notifications. These interactions between friendship understandings and Facebook as a socio‐technical system demonstrate how friendship was reinforced, negotiated and re‐worked through this online context. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Risk and Protective Factors for Suicidal Thoughts Among Sexual Minority Youth: Evidence from the Add Health Study

Sexual minority youth are at greater risk for suicidal thoughts compared to heterosexual youth: Directions for prevention and intervention are urgently needed. Few studies have examined a broad range of risk and protective factors that may explain this disparate risk. This study utilized the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to examine which protective and risk factors for suicidal thoughts behaved distinctly in sexual minority adolescents compared to their heterosexual counterparts. Although many risk factors did not differ for heterosexual and sexual minority adolescents, we found several that were statistically significant for predicting later suicidal thoughts for sexual minorities: personal and friends’ school connections, friendship activities, and maternal caring.

Residential Mobility, Social Support Concerns, and Friendship Strategy

The present research examined how residential mobility affects the extent to which people compartmentalize friendship activities (i.e., selecting different friends for different activities) and the role of social support concerns in the relationship between mobility and friendship compartmentalization. Studies 1 and 2 showed that people who had moved frequently while growing up or who were primed to think about moving compartmentalized their friendships more if they valued social support in friendship. Study 3 showed that this effect was driven by concerns over social support availability. The findings suggest that residential mobility changes friendship structure in ways that satisfy individuals’ expectations of friendship.

Characteristic Processes in Close Peer Friendships of Preterm Infants at Age 12

Close friendships become important at middle-school age and are unexplored in adolescents born prematurely. The study aimed to characterize friendship behaviors of formerly preterm infants at age 12 and explore similarities and differences between preterm and full-term peers on dyadic friendship types. From the full sample of N = 186, one hundred sixty-six 12-year-old adolescents (40 born full term, 126 born preterm) invited a close friend to a 1.5 hour videotaped laboratory play session. Twenty adolescents were unable to participate due to scheduling conflicts or developmental disability. Characteristic friendship behaviors were identified by Q-sort followed by Q-factoring analysis. Friendship duration, age, and contact differed between the full-term and preterm groups but friendship activities, behaviors, and quality were similar despite school service use. Three Q-factors, leadership, distancing, and mutual playfulness, were most characteristic of all dyads, regardless of prematurity. These prospective, longitudinal findings demonstrate diminished prematurity effects at adolescence in peer friendship behavior and reveal interpersonal dyadic processes that are important to peer group affiliation and other areas of competence.

Come Play With Me

Come Play With Me

On the Ethics of Teacher–Student Friendships

THE DIMENSIONS OF FRIENDSHIP Fifteen years ago, when I was teaching at an elementary school in Krakow, Poland, a student became my friend. I taught his class English in fourth, and then fifth, grade, and he participated in an after-school program I ran. The school was in a gritty industrial suburb of the city, and most of the boys were, in the way of boys of such places, sweet but acquiring a pose of exterior toughness. The boy who became my friend, however, loved butterflies. He also loved art, and after I’d been teaching there for a few months, he stayed after class one day to show me some watercolor paintings he’d made of sunflowers. I loaned him a children’s book in English, and in thanks he gave me one of the sunflower paintings that I’d admired. Throughout my year and a half of teaching, he continued to show me his paintings and his photographs of butterflies, and occasionally he’d accompany me to my tram stop, explaining the key geographical features of his neighborhood, like where Tomasz broke his arm and which dumpster the older boys stood behind to smoke. Once, after some students in his class had been unusually rowdy during their English lesson, he came up to me afterwards and told me “Don’t get upset about it. They do that to all the teachers.” We never engaged in more conventional friendship activities such as socializing on weekends, sharing a wide range of details of our thoughts and lives, or asking for help with personal problems, but I thought of the relationship as a real friendship and so did Olaf. We stayed in touch over the years, and I last saw Olaf, now 27 and still photographing butterflies, when I was in Krakow last summer.

Amizade e focos de atividade na universidade

The aim of this study was to investigate foci of activity which were perceived by students of public and private universities in Vitoria metropolitan area as relevant to the establishment and maintenance of their friendships. Participants were 32 college students aged 17 to 21 years, 16 from a public university (UPU) and 16 students from a private university (UPA). The following topics were investigated: (a) friends network, (b) the origin of friends, (c) friendship and neighborhood (d) general activities; (e) specific activities; (f) communication and conversation; (g) university, friendship and dating; (h) university life and old friends; (i) the influence of university on friendships. From a descriptive base, data showed friendship as a relationship involving a wide range of interactions, keeping dialectical relationship with these interactions and social groups. The friendships still relate dialectically with the physical environment, including the physical structure of the university, and the socio-cultural, including rules, schedules and activity plans of the university and local traditions.

Young Carers in Australia:Understanding the Advantages and Disadvantages of Their Care Giving

Young Carers in Australia:Understanding the Advantages and Disadvantages of Their Care Giving

The Formation and the Politics of the Narrative of 'Hatta Yoichi' : Review of Friendship Activities between Japan and Taiwan

The Formation and the Politics of the Narrative of 'Hatta Yoichi' : Review of Friendship Activities between Japan and Taiwan

Cross-informant agreement between adolescents with myelomeningocele and their parents

The development of self-management skills by adolescents with myelomeningocele is an ongoing process. Previous studies lack consensus about what data can be accurately obtained from adolescents. This cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of 66 adolescent-parent dyads evaluated whether adolescents with myelomeningocele and their parents are interchangeable reporters of data. Adolescents' ages ranged from 12 to 21 years with a mean of 16 years 2 months (SD 2y 8mo); 38 were female, 28 were male; 30% had thoracic lesions, 32% had lumbar lesions, 15% had lumbosacral lesions, 23% had sacral lesions, and 85% had ventriculoperitoneal shunts. In this analysis, participants reported activities (decision-making, household responsibility, and friendship activities) and select outcomes (functional status, self-management, and social competence) similarly. However, differences emerged in reports of beliefs (adolescent future expectations, family variables) and select developmental competencies (school, job, athletic, behavioral, attractiveness, and romantic appeal). Analysis using t-test and interclass correlations supported a pattern of adolescent-parent agreement in areas of observable behavior and differences in more subjective domains such as perception of developmental competencies.

Promoting Friendship Through Best Buddies: A National Survey of College Program Participants

Best Buddies is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to enhance the lives of people with intellectual disabilities through one-to-one friendships with individuals without disabilities. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with Best Buddies College Program participants located within the United States. Survey findings suggest that college students and people with intellectual disabilities benefited from participation in Best Buddies. The vast majority of college students and people with intellectual disabilities reported enjoying their experience and engaging in friendship activities that were mutually beneficial to those involved. Most people with intellectual disabilities also indicated their lives had been enhanced as a result of Best Buddies, although the percentage was lower than that of college students.

Children's friendships and learning in school: Cognitive enhancement through social interaction?

Recent literature has identified that children's performance on cognitive (or problem-solving) tasks can be enhanced when undertaken as a joint activity among pairs of pupils. Performance on this 'social' activity will require quality relationships between pupils, leading some researchers to argue that friendships are characterized by these quality relationships and, therefore, that friendship grouping should be used more frequently within classrooms. Children's friendship grouping may appear to be a reasonable basis for cognitive development in classrooms, although there is only inconsistent evidence to support this argument. The inconsistency may be explained by the various bases for friendship, and how friendship is affected by cultural contexts of gender and schooling. This study questions whether classroom-based friendship pairings will perform consistently better on a cognitive task than acquaintance pairings, taking into account gender, age, and ability level of children. The study also explores the nature of school-based friendship described by young children. 72 children were paired to undertake science reasoning tasks (SRTs). Pairings represented friendship (versus acquaintance), sex (male and female pairings), ability (teacher-assessed high, medium, and low), and age (children in Years 1, 3, and 5 in a primary school). A small-scale quasi-experimental design was used to assess (friendship- or acquaintance-based) paired performance on SRTs. Friendship pairs were later interviewed about qualities and activities that characterized their friendships. Girls' friendship pairings were found to perform at the highest SRT levels and boys' friendship pairing performed at the lowest levels. Both boy and girl acquaintance pairings performed at mid-SRT levels. These findings were consistent across Year (in school) levels and ability levels. Interviews revealed that male and female friendship pairs were likely to participate in different types of activity, with girls being school-inclusive and boys being school-exclusive. Recommendations to use friendship as a basis for classroom grouping for cognitive tasks may facilitate performance of some pairings, but may also inhibit the performance of others. This is shown very clearly with regard to gender. Some of the difference in cognitive task performance may be explained by distinct, cultural (and social capital) orientations to friendship activities, with girls integrating school and educational considerations into friendship, and boys excluding school and educational considerations.

Cluster housing for adults with intellectual disabilities

While there is extensive evidence on the overall benefits of deinstitutionalisation, the move from institutional care to providing accommodation and support in small to medium sized dispersed housing schemes has not gone uncontested. Recently, a number of commentators have argued for the development of cluster housing on the basis that it may provide a “connected” community of people with intellectual disabilities. In the present study, comparisons were made, controlling for a range of participant characteristics, on a range of input, process and outcome variables between 169 adults with intellectual disabilities living in cluster housing and 741 adults with intellectual disabilities living in dispersed housing. Participants supported in cluster housing were more likely to live in larger settings, be supported by fewer staff, be exposed to greater changes/inconsistencies in living arrangements (their home also being used for short‐term care for others and greater use of casual/bank staff), be exposed to more restrictive management practices (seclusion, sedation, physical restraint, polypharmacy), lead more sedentary lives, be underweight, and participate in fewer and a more restricted range of leisure, social and friendship activities. There were few potential benefits associated with living in cluster housing. It is concluded on the basis of the available evidence that cluster housing schemes offer a poorer quality of care and quality of life than dispersed housing schemes.