Frequency Of Injuries Research Articles

Ultrasound Diagnosis of Injuries to the Organs of the Scrotum during a Mine Blast Wound. Clinical Observation

During today's armed conflicts, there has been a tendency to the increased frequency of injuries to the scrotum, which account for about 10 % of all injuries to the genitourinary system. Inaccurate and untimely diagnosis of damage to this area leads to erroneous treatment tactics, which can subsequently cause persistent pain syndrome, erectile dysfunction, and also lead to an increase in the number of infertile men. The article discusses a clinical case of the use of ultrasound research in the diagnosis of damage to the scrotal organs in a patient with a mine blast wound (MBW).Objective. Using the example of a clinical case, demonstrate the capabilities of the ultrasound method in visualizing structural changes in the organs of the scrotum during MBW, describe the characteristic ultrasound signs of damage to the scrotum and its organs in this type of injury.Materials and methods. A clinical case of a victim with a mine blast wound to the scrotum is presented. The patient underwent ultrasound and CT with intravenous contrast. The results of radiological research methods were compared with data obtained during surgery.Results. An ultrasound examination of the victim revealed ruptures of the tunica albuginea of both testicles (in the left testicle with prominence of testicular tissue into the scrotal cavity), hematomas of both testicles, intravaginal hematomas, foreign bodies of the scrotum and penis. The data obtained from ultrasound were confirmed intraoperatively.Conclusion. Ultrasound scanning is a reliable method for diagnosing combat wounds of the scrotum, which allows you to accurately visualize such injuries as hematomas of the testicle and surrounding soft tissues, rupture of the tunica albuginea of the testicle, foreign bodies of the scrotum, determine the presence and direction of the wound channel, the degree of vascularization of damaged organs, thereby assess the severity of injuries and outline the correct plan for further treatment of the victim.

The Effect of Isometric Exercise Position on the Effectiveness of Isolated Work of the Thigh Flexor Muscles Based on the Results of the sEMG Study.

The main function of the hamstring muscles is to bend the knee joint and support the function of the hip extensors. Their frequent injuries are the result of overload related to, among others, dynamic running or jumping, and inadequate preparation for athletics activities. The asymmetry of the work of individual flexor muscle groups is clearly marked in the case of valgus or varus of the knee joint, i.e., in different positions of the lower limb. The aim of the study was to determine the position and form of a rehabilitation exercise in which an isolated group of muscles flexing the knee joint will show the greatest bioelectrical activity. The study involved 25 students of the Jagiellonian University Medical College. The students were aged 20-26. The average age was 22.9 (±1.4). The study participants included 17 women with an average age of 23.0 (±1.1) and 8 men with an average age of 22.6 (±1.9). Women constituted 68% and men 32% of all respondents. All participants agreed to participate in the study. Surface electromyography measurements in both lower limbs provided an initial number of 50 cases. The activity of the knee flexor muscles during isometric contraction with resistance was measured in correlation with three foot and lower leg settings: internal rotation, neutral position, and external rotation. The bioelectrical activity of the semitendinosus muscle is significantly higher (p < 0.01) in the internal rotation position than in the neutral position of the lower leg, while the bioelectrical activity of the biceps femoris muscle is inversely higher (p < 0.01) in the external rotation position than in the neutral position. The results are significant for both average and maximum values of muscle stimulation. During isometric contraction with resistance, the semitendinosus muscle shows the greatest bioelectrical activity in the internal rotation position of the lower leg and foot, and the biceps femoris muscle in the external rotation position of the lower leg and foot. The above information has important implicational applications when improving isolated groups of hamstrings. In the future, this may contribute to more effective rehabilitation of patients with injuries of the muscles described in the article.

Influence of equipment choice and athletic experience on the incidence of kitesurfing injuries - A prospective observational study

BackgroundKitesurfing is a popular activity among recreational athletes in Germany, and the number of athletes is constantly increasing. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of athletic experience and equipment choice on the frequency of kitesurfing injuries in Germany. MethodsSixty-six athletes completed a standardized questionnaire at the beginning and end of a summer season. Baseline parameters, injury patterns and the use of safety equipment were recorded. Injuries were categorized as proposed by Brukner and Khan, and their severity and relationship with the previously mentioned parameters were analyzed. ResultsNineteen of the participants (29%) reported a total of 24 injuries during the season, resulting in 230 h per injury and 4.3 injuries per 1000 h of kitesurfing. Eleven bone lesions, 10 skin lesions and 3 ligamentous injuries were observed. Experienced athletes were less frequently injured (p = 0.010). The use of a kite release system did not lower the frequency of injuries (p = 0.558). ConclusionBoth the frequency and severity of kitesurfing injuries were relatively low in our study. None of the examined materials had an influence on the frequency of injuries, but experienced athletes were less frequently injured.

Emergency Department Visits After Body Piercings.

There is a paucity of data describing the frequency and complications of body piercing injuries (BPI) in the United States. We conducted a cross-sectional study using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) to identify emergency department (ED) visits for BPI from 2011-2020 and to estimate prevalence among US individuals ≤24 years of age. Additionally, estimates for infections, requirements for hospitalization/transfer, and exploring significant associations were investigated. A total of 10,912 ED visits extrapolates to a national estimate of 338,972 BPIs in the United States. A majority of BPI involved females (85%), adolescents or young adults (55%), and ears (71%). Foreign bodies comprised 72.6% of BPI. Thirteen percent of ED piercing visits were associated with infection. Of these ED visits for BPI-associated infection, 3% required hospitalization/transfer. In the context of all piercing-associated injuries, injuries to the pubic region were 16.8 times more likely to require hospitalization compared to body piercing injuries of the ear. In the context of all piercing-associated infections, navel (lower trunk), nipple (upper trunk), and oral (mouth) locations were associated with increased odds of infection when compared to BPI infections of the ear. BPI is a common problem in children, adolescents, and youth. Age and body piercing location significantly impact rates of BPI, infection, and hospitalization/transfer. Further study should identify the total number of annual body piercings in the United States. This could generate targeted counseling and risk reduction interventions aimed at specific groups, especially older children who appear to be at increased risk.

Shoulder girdle injuries in volleyball players: structure, symptoms, cause and prevention. A narrative review

Shoulder joint injuries are a major concern in volleyball, particularly among elite athletes who undergo rigorous training sessions and frequently participate in competitions. Given that volleyball is a polystructured sport that requires volleyball players to constantly change the amplitude of movement in the shoulder joint, frequent injuries such as subacromial impact syndrome, compression of the suprascapular nerve, bursitis and tendinitis of the rotator cuff occur. In order to prevent injuries, prevention programs are increasingly introduced today. Consequently, the aim of this research was to describe the structure and prevention of shoulder girdle injuries in volleyball players. Prevention programs developed by researchers have been shown to be effective in reducing the prevalence of shoulder injuries. Prevention programs include adequate warming up, strengthening and stretching of the muscles of the shoulder girdle, as well as correct execution of technical elements. The development and implementation of individualized prevention and rehabilitation programs can significantly contribute to reducing the risk of injuries and prolonging the sports career of volleyball players.

Laboratory medicine and sports: where are we now?

Laboratory medicine in sport and exercise has significantly developed during the last decades with the awareness that physical activity contributes to improved health status, and is present in monitoring both professional and recreational athletes. Training and competitions can modify concentrations of a variety of laboratory parameters, so the accurate laboratory data interpretation includes controlled and known preanalytical and analytical variables to prevent misleading interpretations. The paper represents a comprehensive summary of the lectures presented during the 35th Annual Symposium of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine. It describes management of frequent sport injuries and sums up current knowledge of selected areas in laboratory medicine and sports including biological variation, changes in biochemical parameters and glycemic status. Additionally, the paper polemicizes sex hormone disorders in sports, encourages and comments research in recreational sports and laboratory medicine. In order to give the wider view, the connection of legal training protocols as well as monitoring prohibited substances in training is also considered through the eyes of laboratory medicine.

Comparison of quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength ratios between dominant and non-dominant legs in Saudi under-17 and under-19 premier league football players: A cross-sectional study

Football’s global popularity is often overshadowed by frequent lower limb injuries, particularly hamstring strains, which are linked to imbalances in the strength ratio of hamstring-to-quadriceps (H/Q). Research on these factors among Saudi Premier League players, specifically in Madinah City, is limited. Our study is a cross-sectional study that assessed 42 male professional football players from Ohoud Football Club, divided into Underage 17 (UD- 17) and Under age 19 (UD-19) of age groups. The Strength of muscle for hamstrings and quadriceps, as well as the H/Q ratio, was measured using handheld dynamometers (HDD), and demographic data were analyzed using SPSSv26. Results showed that UD-19 players had significantly greater quadriceps strength on both dominants (dominant and non-dominant) sides compared to UD-17 players, with no significant differences in strength of hamstring. The ratio of hamstring to quadriceps was significantly higher in UD-17 players on the dominant side compared to UD-19 players, but statistically significant differences were not found on the non-dominant side. These results suggest that quadriceps strength develops with age and training, potentially reducing injury risk, while the strength of hamstring stabilizes earlier. Tailored training programs focusing on quadriceps strength and balanced hamstring development are recommended for improving injury prevention and performance. Future research involving larger and more diverse samples could further validate these findings and provide a deeper understanding of muscle dynamics in young football players.

Bimalleolar Fractures in Adults: Epidemiological and Therapeutic Aspects at Kati University Hospital Center

The aim of this work was to study the epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of bimalleolar fractures in the Orthopedics-Traumatology Department of the Kati University Hospital Center. This was a descriptive retrospective study of a series of 63 recent bimalleolar fractures collected between June 1, 2016 and May 31, 2019. The mean age of the patients was 40.68±14.32 years with extremes of 18 and 75 years. The age group of 21 to 40 years was the most affected with 50.8% of cases. Male sex was predominant (sex ratio: 2). Road accidents and domestic accidents (falls) were the main etiologies of these fractures. Weber's C-Type was predominant with 49.2%. Fractures were open in 25.3% of cases. Treatment was surgical (66.7%) or orthopedic (33.3%). K-wire was the most used implant for both the lateral malleolus (28 cases) and the medial malleolus (19 cases). The evolution was favourable in 64 cases (62.74%). Infection was the most common secondary complication (9.5%). Overall algofunctional outcomes were good in 84.3%. Bimalleolar fractures are frequent and severe traumatic injuries. Their treatment should restore the anatomy and function of the ankle and prevent the harmful occurrence of complications.

The frequency of injuries of Iranian male professional soccer players: a cross-sectional study.

Soccer is known to be a sport that carries a high risk of injuries due to its physical nature, involving intense contact and rapid movements like acceleration, deceleration, jumping, and sudden changes in direction. Compared to other sports, soccer is considered a contact sport with a heightened injury risk. The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of sports injuries among professional soccer players. In this cross-sectional study, 56 male professional footballers participated to assess their injuries. The Pre-Competition Medical Assessment (PCMA) was utilized as the standard protocol for evaluating the athletes. The study examined variables such as injury type, player position on the field, and body mass index (BMI) in accordance with the FIFA-recommended PCMA guidelines. Student t-test was used to compare demographic characteristics injured and healthy athlete. Chi square and fisher exact tests were used to assess the association between player position, injury type and BMI classification. In this study, the mean age of the soccer players was 19.38 ± 1.30 years, with a history of participating in 3 to 60 matches. The highest incidence of injuries was recorded in the knee (48.21%) and ankle (30.36%), respectively. A significant relationship was found between the players' positions on the field and knee pain, with strikers experiencing more knee pain compared to players in other positions (p less than 0.04). However, no significant association was observed between the players' BMI and the occurrence of sports injuries (p greater than 0.05). Given the widespread occurrence of knee injuries among footballers, particularly in attacking players, proper planning and appropriate training protocols would be useful to prevent knee injuries and reduce treatment costs.

Evaluation of Injury Risk in Indoor Climbing Athletes and Provision of Specialized Care in Greece: A Review and Study Protocol

Competitive climbing has witnessed significant growth in recent years, leading to an increased focus on both indoor and outdoor training. This rise in popularity has been accompanied by a higher frequency of climbing-related injuries, particularly in the upper limbs, with finger tendon injuries being the most prevalent. The rapid evolution of the sport, including the introduction of more complex climbing walls and movements, has further elevated the risk of injury among athletes. Despite the increasing number of injuries, there is a noticeable gap in specialized knowledge and treatment of these injuries, particularly in Greece, where healthcare providers may lack the expertise needed to effectively manage and rehabilitate climbing-related injuries. This study aims to address these gaps by conducting a detailed investigation into the epidemiology of climbing injuries. The research involves distributing comprehensive questionnaires to climbers, focusing on the types of injuries sustained, the level of climbing difficulty at the time of injury, and the specific types of climbing holds involved. Additionally, the study will document clinical symptoms and assess the level of specialized care provided by healthcare professionals. By correlating injury patterns with factors such as training intensity, climbing hold design, and the expertise of healthcare providers, this study seeks to develop targeted prevention and treatment strategies. The findings will not only contribute to safer climbing practices but also provide valuable insights into improving injury management and rehabilitation. This research is particularly relevant given the sport's inclusion in the Olympic Games, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of the unique demands and risks associated with competitive climbing.

Comparison of Results in ACL Reconstruction in Women under 30 Years Old at a Minimum of 2 Years’ Follow-Up between a Bone–Tendon–Bone (BTB) Technique with the Patellar Tendon and a Hamstring Technique Combined with Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a frequent injury among athletes, particularly women. Various techniques have shown effectiveness, but their impact on laxity and clinical outcomes varies. This study aims to compare the rupture rates of patellar tendon (PT) reconstruction versus hamstring reconstruction (HR) combined with anterolateral ligament reconstruction (ALLR) in young women. The secondary objectives include comparing functional ACL-RSI and subjective IKDC scores, as well as the Tegner scale, between these two groups. The hypothesis is that adding ALLR to HR will result in rupture rates and functional scores similar to those of PT reconstruction. Methods: Between 2015 and 2019, 96 patients were treated at two facilities, with 70 having an average follow-up of 44 ± 14.5 months: 35 underwent PT reconstruction, and 35 had HR combined with ALLR. Patients were re-evaluated remotely after at least 2 years using a standardised questionnaire and assessing subjective IKDC, ACL-RSI, and Tegner scores. Results: Rupture rates were 5.7% in both groups. The mean subjective IKDC score was 81% for the HR + ALLR group versus 80.8% for the PT group (p = 0.09). The mean ACL-RSI score was 66% for HR + ALLR versus 68% for PT (p = 0.78). The HR + ALLR group lost an average of 0.4 points on the Tegner scale postoperatively, while the PT group lost an average of 0.77 points (p = 0.09). Conclusions: Hamstring surgery combined with anterolateral surgery provides subjective results, as assessed by patients using subjective scales and questionnaires, that are as good as those obtained with PT surgery in young women. Notwithstanding, the results are not corroborated by clinical or radiological examination.

The frequency, risk factors, onset time, and outcome of acute kidney injury induced by vancomycin, colistin, and liposomal amphotericin B in hospitalized patients

Introduction: Medications are among the major causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the frequency, characteristics, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of AKI induced by vancomycin, colistin, and liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) in hospitalized patients across various wards of two educational hospitals in Shiraz, Iran. Patients and Methods: From October 2022 to May 2023, an observational cross-sectional study was conducted in both intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU wards of Namazi and Shahid Faghihi hospitals, Shiraz, Iran. Patients aged 18 and older, without a documented history of AKI or chronic kidney disease, scheduled to receive treatment with vancomycin, colistin, or L-AmB for at least one week, were considered eligible. Relevant data, including demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings, were collected. Results: AKI was observed in 36 (34.3%) out of 105 patients during treatment. The incidence rates of AKI were 29%, 55%, and 31.1% in vancomycin, colistin, and L-AmB recipients, respectively. The mean ± SD time to AKI onset was 5.44 ± 2.04 days (range; 3 to 13 days). Dehydration at admission significantly increased the risk of antibiotic-induced AKI (odds ratio [OR] = 3.686, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.226–11.081, P = 0.020). Co-administration of aminoglycosides (OR = 8.422, 95% CI = 1.846 – 38.426, P = 0.006), diuretics (OR = 3.763, 95% CI = 1.092–12.965, P = 0.036), and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (OR = 7.149, 95% CI = 1.534–33.308, P = 0.012) were also identified as independent risk factors. The in-hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in patients with AKI than in those without AKI (8.6% vs. 6.7%; P &lt; 0.044). Conclusion: AKI induced by vancomycin, colistin, and L-AmB occurred in about one-third of our study population, primarily within five days of initiating treatment. Dehydration and co-administration of nephrotoxic medications were significantly associated with AKI. Clinicians should explicitly address these factors in preventive strategies to reduce antibiotic-induced AKI in hospitalized patients.

6411 Ozempic - Oh no! Acute Renal Failure Associated with Initiation of Semaglutide

Abstract Disclosure: K. Barney: None. D. Tahir: None. A. Pannu: None. R. Saeed: None. Background: Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist which has been proven to reduce weight in those with obesity and improve glycemic control in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. The effect of semaglutide on kidney function has not been well established. The phase 3b SUSTAIN trials revealed that when compared with other GLP-1 agonists, semaglutide exhibited more frequent acute kidney injuries [1-3]. The SUSTAIN 6 trial reported two instances of acute renal failure (ARF) in patients with chronic kidney disease, and one case of ARF in a patient with normal kidney function who was treated with semaglutide [3]. Despite these reports, the SUSTAIN 1-9 trials report no significant decline in kidney function associated with semaglutide [3-6]. Case: We present the case of a 58-year-old male with a past medical history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), type II diabetes mellitus, and hypertension who presented to the hospital with ARF after initiation of Ozempic (semaglutide) two months prior to presentation. On admission, vitals were stable and physical examination was benign. His pertinent labs were blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 55 mg/dL, creatinine 5.94 mg/dL (baseline 1.2 mg/dL), and urinalysis with 2+ protein. To determine the cause of his renal failure, urine sodium and creatinine were obtained to calculate his fractional excretion of sodium, which was found to be consistent with intrinsic renal disease. Further workup, including renal ultrasound, urine protein, urine eosinophils, complement and free light chain levels, and creatinine kinase, were unrevealing for cause of intrinsic renal injury. He was managed with intravenous fluids and his creatinine improved to 2.03 mg/dL. Given the acute onset of the patient’s renal failure and recent initiation of Ozempic, it was determined that this medication was the cause of his renal failure, and it was discontinued on discharge. He has since followed up with nephrology and endocrinology. He remains off Ozempic and is doing well. Conclusions: Our case highlights a rare but significant adverse effect of semaglutide on renal function. As the use of semaglutide has increased due to its rising popularity for weight loss and glycemic control in type II diabetes mellitus, the potential for renal injury should be considered and discussed with patients. Furthermore, it is imperative that semaglutide associated renal injury be considered as a cause for ARF in patients taking this medication. This case demonstrates that instances of ARF associated with semaglutide treatment are a cause for concern and further exploration. Presentation: 6/1/2024

The Incidence of Clinical Injuries among Undergraduate Dental Students: A Prevention Protocol

Dental students are frequently exposed to percutaneous injuries (PCIs) due to the nature of their clinical work, which involves sharp instruments and close patient contact. The COVID-19 pandemic further emphasized the need for stringent biosafety measures and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Despite these precautions, injuries remain prevalent, highlighting the need for comprehensive education and training in biosafety and infection control. This study investigates the incidence and causes of injuries among undergraduate dental students during clinical sessions. This study was conducted at the Department of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, focusing on injuries reported from 2021 to 2024. Data were collected through self-reported clinical records. The primary variables assessed included the type of injury, the instrument involved, the clinical procedure performed, and the immediate actions taken post-injury. Serological testing was conducted on students and patients to assess the risk of the transmission of bloodborne pathogens. The findings reveal a high prevalence of injuries, with needles being the most common cause (51.4%), followed by other tools such as dental probes (25.7%) and burs (8.6%). The most frequent injury type is piercing (74.2%), primarily affecting the fingers (88.6%). Periodontal treatments, restorative procedures, and endodontic treatments are the main activities leading to injuries, with 17.1% of injuries being caused by each. No statistically significant results are recorded. Despite regular medical records for most patients treated by injured students, serological testing shows significant positivity rates for HCV and HBV. Notably, most injured students demonstrate their commitment to safety by adhering to recommended post-exposure protocols, including wound cleaning, disinfecting, and serological testing. Furthermore, the impact of COVID-19 heightened the importance of personal protective equipment (PPE) and reinforced occupational health standards. Our study highlights the critical need for enhanced biosafety awareness and training among undergraduate dental students to reduce injury risks.

How Athletic Swiss Patients Experience Their Return to Sports After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Results from a Retrospective Self-Assessment.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures are frequent injuries, especially in athletes. Return to sports after reconstruction of the ligament is a frequently debated topic and of high relevance for these patients. It is mostly achieved at 9-12 months post-surgery. However, the risk of subsequent knee injuries is high and psychological factors play an important role in the process and success of returning to sports. Little is known about patients' perception of their journey returning to sports. This study aims to fill the gap. The study aimed to include patients treated surgically for an ACL injury over 5 years at a specialized sports-medicine clinic. Patients were surveyed on the impact of the injury on their lives, their return to sports experience, and medical history. In total, 100 (of 474) patients aged 35.9 years responded. Within 5 years, 19% experienced a reoperation and 23% a new knee injury. Overall, 83% of patients returned to their main sport, 72% reached their pre-injury level. However, 45% reported at least one distinct or severe consequence of their ACL injury. The ability to return to sports had more impact on the perception of the course of treatment than the experience of new injuries or surgery. The rate of successful return to sports was comparable to previous reports despite a higher average age in this cohort. A successful return to sports seems to be a major determinant for the perception of impact from the injury and may be more important than the avoidance of repeat trauma.

Challenges of a regional trauma center in treating combat and civilian casualties. The experience of Assuta Ashdod Hospital in the Iron Swords War

IntroductionAssuta Ashdod Hospital is a regional trauma center. The hospital received casualties on the first day of the civilian massacre of October 7th and thereafter. The Assuta Ashdod Hospital was designated as an emergency landing site only for unstable or deteriorating patients who would not survive longer flights to a central trauma center. The aim of this study is to share our experience and challenges as a new regional trauma center in a war zone. MethodsA descriptive cohort study consisting of all trauma patients admitted in the Emergency Department, between October 7, 2023, and December of the same year. The data is part of the Israel National Trauma Registry. ResultsA total of 397 heavily wounded patients were admitted, of which 3 were declared dead on arrival, 95 were hospitalized and 299 were discharged from the emergency department after initial care. Of the 95 wounded patients hospitalized, 60 (63.1 %) had a single mechanism of injury, of which, 35.7 % were penetrating injuries. The most frequent injury was to the extremities (60 %) followed by chest and abdomen, 35.7 % and 14.7 % respectively. Multi-trauma injuries were present in 40 % of the wounded patients. The average ISS was 15 (median=9). Of all patients, 10.5 % of patients were considered to have severe and 23.1 % to have profound (very-severe) injuries by the ISS classification. Twelve patients received whole blood transfusions, fourteen received the Massive Transfusion Protocol. Sixty-one of the 95 (64 %) patients underwent surgery, with a total of 137 surgeries performed. Sixty-seven percent of surgical procedures were orthopedic and 16.7 % were of general surgery. The average length of stay was 6.5 days (median=6). We transferred 14 patients to central trauma centers, 3 of which did not survive. ConclusionThe outcomes of patients admitted to the Assuta Ashdod Hospital were good in treating major trauma patients in a mass casualty event, reaffirming its capabilities as an excellent regional trauma center. Therefore, we suggest that the guidelines for evacuation of battle or major casualty events victims only to central trauma centers unless patients are unstable should be reconsidered, and regional trauma centers could effectively share the burden of the treatment of those patients.

Nasal injuries in amateur male boxers before and after the 2013 rule change by the International Boxing Association removing the protective headgear

Boxing is a popular combat sport in which participants frequently experience head trauma. The neurological impact of boxing has been widely discussed, but the impact on the bone and soft tissue of the head has been less investigated. For this study, a national emergency department database was used to investigate the impact of a 2013 rule change — removing the requirement for amateurs to wear head protection — on the frequency and type of facial injuries sustained by amateur boxers. Over the study period (2006–2021) there were 11 760 injuries, with 6261 occurring before the change and 5499 occurring after (p < 0.001). The number of contusions, fractures, hematomas, and hemorrhages all significantly decreased after the rule change, while the number of lacerations did not. Additionally, the number of septal deviations increased from 16 to 97 (p < 0.001). According to age-group-specific analysis, injuries decreased in both the 0–17 and 24–29 cohorts, but increased in the 18–23 group. The results suggest that the rule change may have had a protective effect on the risk of craniofacial trauma in amateur boxers, potentially due to increased risk-averse behavior by the boxers, who may feel less protected during sparring because of the lack of head protection.

Types, frequencies and burden of health problems in elite luge athletes: a 46-week prospective cohort study

BackgroundThere is a research gap in the survey of injuries and illnesses in the sport of luge.ObjectiveTo analyse the type, frequency and burden of injuries and illnesses that occurred over...

Single Bundle vs. Double Bundle ACL Reconstruction: Is there any difference in Joint Stability and Subjectivity?

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament rupture (ACL) is one of the most frequent orthopedic sport injuries. Total rupture of ACL can be managed either with single bundle (SBACL) or double bundle (DBACL) reconstruction techniques. The aim of the study was to compare surgical outcomes with joint stability and subjectivity outcomes to analyze whether DBACL reconstruction is superior than SBACL. Methods: A cohort study was conducted in total ACL rupture patients between 2019-2022 at Gatot Soebroto Central Army Hospital. Fourty three male patients were included in this study, with 22 patients in SBACL group and 21 patients in DBACL group. The International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm scores were used to subjectively evaluate the function of the knee joint before the surgery and the postoperative follow-up at three and six months. Both groups were measured by Lachman test, Pivot test, and rolimeter for joint stability. Results: The results of patient reported outcomes using IKDC and Lysholm scores showed no significant difference in both groups before surgery and after three-month and six-month follow-ups (p=0.401; p=0.054; p=0.066 and p=0.345; p=0.217; p=0.082), although the mean value from each group had improved. Joint stability was measured using Lachman test (p=0.849; p=0.126; p=0.466), Pivot test (p=0.877; p=0.678; p=0.904), and rolimeter (p=0.395; p=0.566; p=0.455) also showed no significant differences. Conclusion: The study showed non superiority between single bundle ACL reconstruction and double bundle ACL reconstruction in joint stability and subjectivity.

Effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy versus conventional physiotherapy in treatment of chronic Achilles tendinopathy

Abstract Background Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is one of the most frequent overuse injuries in athletes. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) has been proposed as an effective conservative treatment in chronic Achilles tendinopathy. Conventional physical therapy is also beneficial in the treatment of chronic Achilles tendinopathy. Aim of the Work To compare the effect of ESWT versus conventional physiotherapy (therapeutic ultrasound, LASER, deep friction massage) in the treatment of chronic AT, by using musculoskeletal ultrasound and other clinical parameters for assessment. Methods Thirty chronic AT patients were randomly divided in to two groups (15 per group): group 1 received ESWT and group 2 received conventional physical therapy for 6 weeks. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) questionnaire, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hind foot scale were used to assess pain, function and physical activity. Ultrasonography was also used to assess the ultrasonographic findings in chronic AT. All patients were evaluated at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment. Results Our study revealed that both ESWT and conventional physical therapy recorded highly significant VAS reduction and highly significant improvement in VISA-A and AOFAS after 6 weeks of treatment. Moreover, ESWT showed significant improvement in the tendon thickness and heterogenicity with no significant effect on calcifications or neovascularization. Conclusion ESWT and Conventional physical therapy are both effective in reducing pain, improving function and physical activity in chronic Achilles tendinopathy patients. Moreover, ESWT is superior to conventional physiotherapy in improving tendon thickness and heterogenicity with no significant effect on calcifications or neovascularization.