Frequency Of Food Consumption Research Articles

Nutritional status and food intake frequency in children with autism spectrum disorder

Introduction: children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly present food hyperselectivity, which could lead to malnutrition. Furthermore, they are usually observed with eutrophic development, and a tendency to overweight or obesity, which might occur because of food preferences. Objectives: to evaluate nutritional status based on anthropometric measurements, and to determine the food intake frequency of Mexican children with ASD. Methods: a cross-sectional study that included 31 children of both sexes, from 5 to 10 years of age, with ASD, recruited for convenience at the Hospital del Niño DIF Hidalgo, Mexico. The variables considered were: weight, height, body mass index, muscle mass, fat mass, and frequency of food consumption. Results: the eutrophic nutritional status had a prevalence of 70.9 %, overweight of 12.9 % and obesity of 12.9 %. According to sex, women had significantly lower BMI and fat mass, but higher muscle mass than men. When comparing by diagnosis, there were no statistical differences. The most commonly consumed foods were tomato, carrot, banana, apple, corn tortilla, wheat flour bread, rice, beans, chicken, egg, whole milk, vegetable oil, gelatin and sweetened beverages. They mostly consumed plain water every day. Conclusions: children with ASD have a eutrophic nutritional status in addition to a significant tendency to overweight and obesity, probably related to a high consumption of sweetened beverages and jelly, as well as a low intake of vegetables. This indicates the need for nutritional surveillance to prevent the development of chronic degenerative diseases.

PS-P09-9: DIETARY PATTERNS AND HYPERTENSION AMONG STROKE-FREE AFRICANS IN THE SIREN STUDY

Objective: This study assessed the relationship of dietary patterns (derived from the frequency of food consumption) with hypertension among stroke-free controls recruited from Nigeria and Ghana in the Stroke Investigation Research and Educational Network (SIREN) study. Design and Methods: This study was a matched case-control study with 1500 hypertensives randomly selected and matched for the country of residence, age and sex with 1500 normotensives in the SIREN study. Factor analysis using principal component analysis was used to summarise food information and seven dietary patterns (DP); vegetables, poultry product and organ meat, whole-grain and fruit drinks, fried foods and sweetened drinks, red meat, processed foods and fruits were identified. Hypertension was defined as one of the following conditions; systolic blood pressure of 140mmHg/greater or diastolic blood pressure of 90mmHg/greater or previous diagnosis or use of antihypertensive medications. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for hypertension by the median of factors scores in each DP (adjusting for age, education, income, smoking, alcohol use, physical inactivity, family history of cardiovascular diseases and obesity) at a two-sided P < 0.05. Results: Mean age was 56.2 ± 13.5years and multivariable-adjusted OR (95%CI) for odds of hypertension by the median (with < median of factor score as reference) of DPs revealed higher consumption of whole grains and fruit drinks; 0.83 (0.73, 0.96; P = 0.01) was associated with lower odds of hypertension, but higher consumption of processed foods; 1.18 (1.00, 1.40; P = 0.04) was associated with higher odds of hypertension. Furthermore, multivariable-adjusted OR (95%CI) of hypertension for other DPs include; 0.88 (0.74, 1.04; P = 0.13) for vegetables; 0.89 (0.75, 1.05; P = 0.16) for poultry product and organ meat; 0.90 (0.76, 1.06; P = 0.21) for fruits; 0.90 (0.77, 1.07; P = 0.23) for fried foods and sweetened drinks and 1.03 (0.87, 1.21; P = 0.76) for red meat. Conclusion: Diet rich in whole grains was associated with lower hypertension risk, but higher consumption of processed foods was related to a deleterious hypertension risk. Also, higher consumption of plant-based diets presented a suggestive inverse relationship with hypertension, but diets dense with red meat presented a suggestive deleterious hypertension risk.

Mudanças na frequência do consumo alimentar de adultos/idosos segundo a situação de insegurança alimentar: evidências a partir de um estudo longitudinal no semiárido nordestino, Brasil, 2011-2014

ABSTRACT Objective: To prospectively analyze changes in the frequency of individual food consumption of adults/elderly people according to different food insecurity outcomes over time. Methods: Population-based longitudinal study carried out in 2011 (358 individuals) and 2014 (301 individuals) in a municipality in the northeastern semi-arid region. The frequency of food consumption of 37 foods in adults/elderly was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire and food insecurity using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Differences in the proportion of frequency of consumption of each food at baseline (2011) and follow-up (2014) were calculated according to longitudinal categories of change in food insecurity. The McNemar test for paired samples was applied to estimate differences between 2011 and 2014. Results: Among the individuals studied, 38.9% and 30.6% were classified in food security and food insecurity in the two periods (2011 and 2014), respectively, and 23.2% changed from food insecurity in 2011 to food security in 2014. Increase in the frequency of food consumed in the three groups of food insecurity outcomes. Only in the food insecurity group at both times, an increase in the consumption frequency of soft drinks and industrialized juices was observed. In the three groups, when comparing 2011 and 2014, there was an increase in the consumption of local agricultural foods, such as mangoes, sweet potatoes and a decrease in the consumption of pumpkin. Conclusion: Overcoming food insecurity results in positive changes in food consumption, and seasonality is a factor that promotes and limits food consumption.

The correlation between the frequency of food consumption containing gluten and casein toward caries in children with autism spectrum disorders

The correlation between the frequency of food consumption containing gluten and casein toward caries in children with autism spectrum disorders

СКРИНИНГ ОЖИРЕНИЯ СРЕДИ ВЗРОСЛОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ТАДЖИКИСТАНА(НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПИЛОТНЫХ РАЙОНОВ)

Objective: Screening for overweight (OW) and obesity (OB), as well as possible risk factors (RFs) for their development among the adult population of Tajikistan in the context of pilot areas. Methods: OW and OB screening was conducted on 1304 participants (718 females, 586 males) with a mean age of 41.1±13.6 residing in Dushanbe and rural areas of Rudaki and Gissar districts (pilot areas) in the Republic of Tajikistan without prior randomization. Based on the anthropometric measurements taken, it was determined that the participants have OW and OB. All respondents gave voluntary written consent to participate in this screening program. Notably, the respondents received no financial or other rewards that could impact the study results. Results: Out of a total of 1,306 respondents, 74 (5.68%) were identified as underweight, with 33 males (5.63%) and 41 females (5.71%), p>0.05; 637 (48.85%) had normal body weight (NBW), with 338 males (57.67%) and 299 females (41.64%), p<0.001. OW was found in 330 respondents (25.3%) with 207 females (28.83%) and 123 males (20.98%), p<0.01; OB of various degrees was found in 263 respondents (20.17%) with 171 females (23.81%) and 92 males (15.69%), p<0.001. Among males, OB classes II and III were almost as common as among females, while OB class I was 3.7 times more prevalent in females (17.13% vs. 4.61%, p<0.001). The prevalence of OB class II was 5.01% and 0.34%, while OB class III was 4.09% and 1.67% in females and males, respectively (p>0.05). On average, waist circumference was 90.6±18.3 cm, hips were 99.5±17.4 cm, and neck was 34.2±6.1 cm in this cohort. The average waist circumference in this cohort was 90.6±18.3 cm, hips were 99.5±17.4 cm, and neck was 34.2±6.1 cm. OW was most often noted among residents of rural areas (n=308; 47.3%) compared with urban residents (n=285; 43.6%), p<0.001. A study comparing the occurrence of OW and OB between urban and rural residents found that the rural population had higher rates of both, with OW at 25.7% (p<0.001) and OB at 21.7%, compared to 24.9% (p<0.001) and 18.7% for the capital residents, respectively. Significant RFs for the development of OW and OB among the examined cohort include female gender, young age (18-44 years), smoking, frequent food consumption (more than 5 times a day), high intake of bakery products and sweets, a tendency to overeat upon breaking fasting during Ramadan, daily stress, and sedentary work. Conclusion: Screening results indicate that 45.5% of adults in the country are OW (25.3%) or OB (20.2%). OW mainly affects young and middle-aged men living in urban areas and young and middle-aged women in rural areas. The need to promote a healthy lifestyle, healthy eating, and physical activity among the population of Tajikistan is evident from the results. Keywords: Overweight, obesity, screening, risk factors.

Association of Junk Food Consumption, Daily Screen Time and Daily Physical Activity with Overweight and Obesity among School Children Aged 8-10 Years- A Cross-sectional Case-control Study

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity among school children in Kerala is on a steady rise. Consumption of food with high glycaemic index, change in sleep patterns, reduced physical activity and the use of screen has been linked to obesity in children. Published literature on this association is scarce from urban Thiruvananthapuram, hence, the present study. Aim: To identify the association of various risk factors such as frequency of junk food consumption, dietary preferences, physical activity and daily screen time and weight related disorders among school going children (8-10 years) in Thiruvananthapuram. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional casecontrol study was conducted in one Rural Government School (Venjaramoodu Government Upper Primary School) and one Urban Private School (S.N. Public School, Chenkottukonam) of Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, and enrolled school going children aged 8-10 years with higher than recommended Body Mass Index (BMI) for age as cases, age and gendermatched children with normal BMI as controls. Participants with BMI above 23rd and below 27th adult equivalent for age and gender were considered overweight and those above 27th adult equivalent for age and gender were considered as obese. A structured questionnaire was sent home with the children, and the parents were requested to answer the questions along with written informed consent. Socio-demographic parameters, anthropometric measurements were obtained by trained staff, dietary habits, and details regarding physical activity and screen usage were collected. Variables were categorised according to the standard recommendations by World Health Organisation (WHO) and Indian Association of Paediatrics (IAP). Variables were expressed as frequencies and the tests of significance used were Chi-square test and Odds ratio, to express the strength of association between parameters. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of cases and controls was nine years. A total of 708 school children were screened and 352 participants (175 cases and 177 controls) were enrolled in the present study. The BMI of cases was 29.3 kg/m2 and of controls was 20.2 kg/ m2 . Higher than recommended screen time (p<0.001), more frequent junk food consumption (p<0.001) and lack of physical activity (p<0.001) were found to be significantly associated with obesity and overweight. Dietary preference was not associated with obesity or overweight and obesity and overweight was more common in children studying in private schools (p<0.001). Conclusion: Reducing screen time, reducing junk food consumption and increasing physical activity will help in reducing the prevalence of life style diseases among school children. Further evaluation is necessary to determine the factors contributing to the increased prevalence of these disorders in private schools.

Knowledge and consumption frequency of probiotics and fermented foods in elite volleyball players-A pilot study

Knowledge and consumption frequency of probiotics and fermented foods in elite volleyball players-A pilot study

The frequency of convenience food consumption and attitude of sodium and sugar reduction among middle and high school students in Seoul: a descriptive study

The frequency of convenience food consumption and attitude of sodium and sugar reduction among middle and high school students in Seoul: a descriptive study

Design and validity of the Spanish version of two questionnaires related to adverse reactions to foodstuffs.

there is an emerging current necessity of valid questionnaires, encompassing most of food, beverages, diseases, signs and symptoms currently related to the pathogenesis of adverse reactions to foodstuffs (ARFS) in the Spanish population. this study aimed to design and validate two questionnaires to assess ARFS in the Spanish population, Food and Beverages Frequency Consumption Questionnaire to Identify Adverse Reactions to Foodstuffs (FBFC-ARFSQ-18); and Pathologies and Symptomatology Questionnaire associated with Adverse Reactions to Foodstuffs (PSIMP-ARFSQ-10). both questionnaires were designed adapting questionnaires from the literature; and validated, using the expert judgment method, in five phases: questionnaires development, pilot test and reliability, content validity, face validity, and ethical considerations. Questionnaires were developed using the REDCap™ tool hosted at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. A total of 20 Spanish experts evaluated the questionnaires. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients were calculated using SPSS version 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY-USA) and Aiken's V coefficient values were calculated using ICaiken.exe (Visual Basic 6.0, Lima-Perú). a final construct of questions was designed, ensuring no overlap, for FBFC-ARFSQ-18 and PSIMP-ARFSQ-10. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients were 0.93 and 0.94; and Aiken's V coefficient values were 0.90 (0.78-0.96 CI) and 0.93 (0.81-0.98 CI) for FBFC-ARFSQ-18 and PSIMP-ARFSQ-10, respectively. both validated questionnaires could be used to analyze the association between certain food and beverages consumption with ARFS, such as food allergies and food intolerances; also, to investigate the link between some specific diseases, signs and symptoms with ARFS.

PFAS levels and determinants of variability in exposure in European teenagers - Results from the HBM4EU aligned studies (2014-2021).

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are man-made fluorinated chemicals, widely used in various types of consumer products, resulting in their omnipresence in human populations. The aim of this study was to describe current PFAS levels in European teenagers and to investigate the determinants of serum/plasma concentrations in this specific age group. PFAS concentrations were determined in serum or plasma samples from 1957 teenagers (12-18 years) from 9 European countries as part of the HBM4EU aligned studies (2014-2021). Questionnaire data were post-harmonized by each study and quality checked centrally. Only PFAS with an overall quantification frequency of at least 60% (PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS and PFNA) were included in the analyses. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were analysed together with food consumption frequencies to identify determinants of PFAS exposure. The variables study, sex and the highest educational level of household were included as fixed factors in the multivariable linear regression models for all PFAS and each dietary variable was added to the fixed model one by one and for each PFAS separately. The European exposure values for PFAS were reported as geometric means with 95% confidence intervals (CI): PFOS [2.13μg/L (1.63-2.78)], PFOA ([0.97μg/L (0.75-1.26)]), PFNA [0.30μg/L (0.19-0.45)] and PFHxS [0.41μg/L (0.33-0.52)]. The estimated geometric mean exposure levels were significantly higher in the North and West versus the South and East of Europe. Boys had significantly higher concentrations of the four PFAS compared to girls and significantly higher PFASs concentrations were found in teenagers from households with a higher education level. Consumption of seafood and fish at least 2 times per week was significantly associated with 21% (95% CI: 12-31%) increase in PFOS concentrations and 20% (95% CI: 10-31%) increase in PFNA concentrations as compared to less frequent consumption of seafood and fish. The same trend was observed for PFOA and PFHxS but not statistically significant. Consumption of eggs at least 2 times per week was associated with 11% (95% CI: 2-22%) and 14% (95% CI: 2-27%) increase in PFOS and PFNA concentrations, respectively, as compared to less frequent consumption of eggs. Significantly higher PFOS concentrations were observed for participants consuming offal (14% (95% CI: 3-26%)), the same trend was observed for the other PFAS but not statistically significant. Local food consumption at least 2 times per week was associated with 40% (95% CI: 19-64%) increase in PFOS levels as compared to those consuming local food less frequently. This work provides information about current levels of PFAS in European teenagers and potential dietary sources of exposure to PFAS in European teenagers. These results can be of use for targeted monitoring of PFAS in food.

Association between dietary patterns and lipid profile of older adults in Kogi State, Nigeria

Background: Older adults require proper dietary and lifestyle modification to reduce the risk of age-related disorders. Aims: The study assessed the dietary pattern in relation to the lipid profile of older adults (≥ 65years) in Dekina LGA of Kogi State. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study design employed multi-stage random sampling to select 150 older persons. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Kogi State Ministry of Health Lokoja, Kogi State (MOH. /KGS/1376/1/96). Food frequency questionnaire was used to elicit information on the frequency of food consumption, food consumption pattern was grouped into high-risk food and low risk foods. Lipid profile was assessed and categorized using standard procedure. All analysis were done using IBM SPSS Version 21. Results: Results revealed the frequent (> 5 times / week) consumption of staple crops across the various food groups by a good number of the respondents; maize (52.7 %), sorghum (34.0), millet (38.0 %), fish (81.4 %), crayfish (25.5 %), beans (22.7 %) bamabara nut (27.4 %), mango (31.3 %), cashew (27.4 %), orange (23.3 %), amarantus ‘alefo’ leaf (22.1 %) and palm oil (91.4 %). There was no significant relationship between high-risk foods consumed by the respondents and all the lipid profile parameters. A negative non-significant relationship (p > 0.01) existed between all lipid parameters and low risk foods consumed by the respondents except for triglycerides. Conclusion: The respondents’ dietary intake of low-risk foods is protective of nutrition related disorders. Improved nutrition education geared towards improving the consumption of low-risk foods and rear intake of high risk (processed) foods should be encouraged. Keywords: Dietary pattern, lipid profile, high/low risk foods, older persons, nutrition related diseases.

FOOD WASTE BEHAVIOR OF ORGANIC FOOD CONSUMERS IN TURKEY

The amount of food lost or wasted is increasing in the world. While the problem of food waste is alarming, the existence of people suffering from hunger reveals the problem of the efficient allocation of food. Not only food waste is an economic problem, it is also an environmental problem. Thus, reducing food waste behaviour will be crucial in promoting sustainability and fighting against climate change. A widespread sustainable agricultural food production method is organic agriculture. The organic food demand is globally increasing with one of the main motivation, environmental concern. Organic consumers motivated to contribute to the environment and sustainability are also part of sustainable consumption. In this study, we reveal the food waste behaviour of organic food consumers. We have conducted an econometric analysis using data from 250 organic food consumers in five main districts of Istanbul. Our findings indicate that the frequency of organic food consumption negatively correlates with food waste. We see a general trend of low food waste among organic consumers, whereas their food waste behaviour varies regarding their organic food consumption frequency and product types.

Nutrition Patterns of Polish Esports Players.

The aim of this study was to quantify the dietary patterns (DPs) of Polish esports players aged 18-26 years. Data were obtained via questionnaires that assessed dietary habits and frequency of food consumption. Dietary patterns were derived using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Factor Analysis (FA). In total, nine distinct DPs were identified. Eight DPs were considered unhealthy; 'fast food', 'High-processed food, meat and confectionery', 'Sweet', 'Fat-diary products', 'Vegetable-fruit', 'Spices and additives', 'Fats' and 'Cereal'; and only one was deemed healthy. E-athletes presented mostly poor dietary habits, which included: irregular eating of meals, frequent snacking, at least three meals a day and composition of snacks, frying of meat dishes and sweetening of hot drinks. Healthy dietary habits included proper hydration during the day and consumption of mainly non-sparkling water. The unbalanced and largely unhealthy dietary habits of esports players raise health concerns for these e-athletes, particularly when combined with a sedentary lifestyle. Future research could assess the nutritional knowledge of this group as it relates to national guidelines, investigate interventions designed to introduce healthier eating options into their lifestyle and examine the relationship between DPs and health or cognitive performance.

FIFTEEN-YEAR TRENDS IN THE PATTERNS OF MEAL TIMING AND EATING FREQUENCY AMONG US ADULTS

Abstract Understanding patterns of eating behavior may provide insights into contributors to obesity and metabolic diseases. To characterize trends in meal timing and frequency in US population age >19 years, we performed a serial cross-sectional analysis of 8 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles (2003-2018) on 34,470 adults (52.5% women and 21% black). Time of food and beverage intake was extracted from two 24-hour food recalls. The following meal timing measures were defined: 1) The time of the last and first calorie intake either from food or drink, 2) Eating window: The time elapsed between the first and last food intake, 3) Calorie midpoint time: The time when half of the calories for the day were consumed, 4) Late night eating: Consumption of ≥33% of total daily energy between 5:00pm and midnight, and 5) Eating frequency: Frequency of food or beverage consumption >0 kcal which were >15 minutes apart. From 2003 to 2018, survey-weighted mean (±SE) of eating window decreased from 12.21±0.06 to 12.02±0.05 hours/d (Ptrend=0.002). Time of the last calorie intake significantly decreased from 20.31±0.04 to 20.09±0.03 hours/d, while the time of first calorie intake and eating frequency remained unchanged. More than two-third of participants consumed ≥33% of total daily energy after 5:00pm. Over the 15-year span, composition of diet has also changed, including a decline in total calorie intake and percentage of energy from carbohydrate intake, while percentage of energy from dietary fats increased, Ptrend< 0.05. Patterns of eating behavior have changed in American adults over time.

Sociodemographic patterning of dietary profiles among Inuit youth and adults in Nunavik, Canada: a cross-sectional study

ObjectivesCountry (traditional) foods are integral to Inuit culture, but market food consumption is increasing. The Qanuilirpitaa? 2017 Nunavik Health Survey (Q2017) reported similar country food consumption frequency compared to that in 2004; however, examining food items individually does not account for diet patterns, food accessibility, and correlations between food items. Our objective was to identify underlying dietary profiles and compare them across sex, age, ecological region, and food insecurity markers, given the links among diet, health, and sociocultural determinants.MethodsFood frequency and sociodemographic data were derived from the Q2017 survey (N = 1176). Latent profile analysis identified dietary profiles using variables for the relative frequencies of country and market food consumption first, followed by an analysis with those for country food variables only. Multinomial logistic regression examined the associations among dietary profiles, sociodemographic factors, and food insecurity markers (to disassociate between food preferences and food access).ResultsFour overall dietary profiles and four country food dietary profiles were identified characterized by the relative frequency of country and market food in the diet. The patterns were stable across several sensitivity analyses and in line with our Inuit partners’ local knowledge. For the overall profiles, women and adults aged 30–49 years were more likely to have a market food–dominant profile, whereas men and individuals aged 16–29 and 50+ years more often consumed a country food–dominant profile. In the country food profiles, Inuit aged 16–29 years were more likely to have a moderate country food profile whereas Inuit aged 50+ were more likely to have a high country food–consumption profile. A low country and market food–consumption profile was linked to higher prevalence of food insecurity markers.ConclusionWe were able to identify distinct dietary profiles with strong social patterning. The profiles elucidated in this study are aligned with the impact of colonial influence on diet and subsequent country food promotion programs for Inuit youth. These profiles will be used for further study of nutritional status, contaminant exposure, and health to provide context for future public health programs.

Perspectives on Fish Consumption Preference, Frequency and Information Accessibility among Households in Juba, South Sudan

Eating healthy requires nutritious foods (e.g. fish, vegetables and fruits etc.) on the menu to help improve the health of consumers. As an example of highly nutritious foods, eating fish has the potential to improve human health. Most fish consumption studies mainly focus on consumers’ perspectives to evaluate their knowledge and behavior, and are often compared to scientific evidences. In many developing countries, fish consumption cannot only be influenced by consumers’ knowledge and behavior but also by other factors such as undersupply of fish and fish products due to poor infrastructures, political instability and unregulated prices in the local markets, accessible and preferred purchasing points, accessible and preferred sources of information, and trust towards agents of information, which are not commonly studied or underrated in developed nations. Limited number of studies only incorporated a few of these variables to understand issues influencing fish consumption. In Juba Town, Kator and Munuki Payams of Juba County and South Sudan at large, recent estimates about food insufficiency among households are worrying. Besides such worsening food insufficiency, studies on food consumption preference, frequency and other persuasive issues have not been conducted or lacking. As a result, this study evaluated perspectives on fish consumption preference, frequency and information accessibility among households in Juba, South Sudan. A total of 191 respondents from Juba Town, Kator and Munuki Payams of Juba County were interviewed using non-probability sampling method. The data were analyzed thematically and descriptively using SPSS software 20.0. Majority of the households (>50%) in Juba consumed fish regularly but in small amounts. The findings also revealed the most preferred fish species and products, purchasing points, motivation and constraints, and information accessibility influencing fish consumption and recommendations for further studies.

Evaluation of rural-urban patterns in dietary intake: A descriptive analytical study - Case series.

This article aimed to evaluate the different epidemiological aspects of the population (Fez-Meknes region), expose the secular trends of the food habits related to it, present the basic concepts and mechanisms of food in urban and rural areas in the Fez-Meknes region, and finally to analyze the results in the light of a literature review. A survey was conducted among a representative sample of the urban and rural population in the Fez-Meknes region (654 people aged 15 years and over, of which 326 people reside in the urban commune of Fez and 328 in the rural commune of Loulja in the province of Taounate). The results are, a difference between the two urban and rural groups concerning the rhythm of taking meals outside the home (P<0,001); the average frequency of consumption of certain foods according to social class (p<0,001); the frequency of food consumption per week of legumes, olive oil, fermented milk, and tea is more increased than that recorded in the urban environment (p<0,001). On the other hand, the quantification of the consumption of sweet products, dairy products, and whole grains did not conclude a significant difference between the two study environments (p>0,05). Changing dietary patterns over the past few decades, including more shift work, more meals eaten outside the home or family setting, and more irregular eating patterns, including skipping breakfast and eating late at night. A disparity in eating habits between urban and rural areas was noted. It would be necessary to act judiciously on the environmental factors by encouraging the Moroccan populations to maintain, as much as possible, their good traditional habits, and to reinforce the new good food habits.

Perception of Portuguese Consumers Regarding the Consumption of Cultured Meat

Meat consumption is important to human diet due to its nutritional contents but the contents in saturated fatty acids, cholesterol and purines are harmful to human health. Furthermore, the population and urban growth expected in the coming decades and the consequent expected increase in the consumption of meat of animal origin is related to serious environmental, social and ethical problems that can jeopardize human food security and the future of the planet Earth. Cultured meat presents itself as a viable alternative, with no need to raise animals for slaughter, but consumer perception and acceptance are key factors for the implementation of this new product in the food sector. In the present study it was intent to observe the current pattern of consumption of conventional meat by Portuguese population, and the degree of concern regarding the problems with the food system. Data were collected through online anonymous questionnaire survey on social networks between the 30thOctober and 30thDecember 2021. Questionnaire was composed of 24 questions that addressed: i) sociodemographic data; ii) current social and environmental problems (related to meat consumption); iii) assessment of eating habits and food frequency consumption; and iv) perception of receptivity of the participants towards cultured meat. Results showed that 91.9% of the participants consume meat, while 8.0% of the sample reported not consuming any type of meat of animal origin. It was found that 55.2% of Portuguese participants were familiar with this new food, and 59.0% were willing to try cultured meat.

Evaluation of macro-micronutrient intake in overweight people in Grodno, Belarus

Introduction Obesity is a multi-cause disease characterized by ex- cessive fat accumulation, which leads to health problems and chronic diseases in the future. Based on the concept of energy imbalance, which is the main cause of this disease, weight loss in patients with metabolic obesity can be achieved by reducing the energy value of the diet, which leads to energy deficiency and stimulates fat mobilization from fat depots. The purpose of the work is to assess the intake of macro- and micronutrients in the diets of overweight individuals. Materials and methods A survey was conducted to study actual nutrition based on the method of analyzing the frequency of food consumption. Observer groups, aged >18 years (only young people), sexed, living in Grodno, Belarus. During the survey of the respon- dent, the number of food products actually consumed by him during the previous day was established. The applied method of studying actual nutrition is simple and widely available. Results and Discussions In the group of females with BMI 25-29, the number of cases of increased macronutrient intake in the sample reached 89.4% of cases and micronutrient intake decreased by 94.7% of cases, while in the group of males with BMI 25-29.9, macronutrient intake increased by 84.2% of cases and micronutrients decreased by 86.6% of cases, respectively. Conclusion The energy imbalance, especially the deficiency of mi- cronutrients, which have a major role in the synthesis of enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions as well as their role in balancing some hormones, leads to an imbalance in the metabolism process, causing overweight and obesity. Our study advises that nutrition should be corrected early on by making bread enriched with microalgae.

Low abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and low consumption of polyphenols associated with metabolic disorders in child population

A polyphenol-rich diet modulates the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila ( A. muciniphila ), protecting against metabolic disorders caused by several pathologies such as obesity. The aim of this study was to determine if the polyphenol intake and the A. muciniphila abundance are related to metabolic disorders in Mexican children aged from 6 to 12 years old. To determine if the polyphenol intake and the relative abundance (RA) of A. muciniphila to relate to the presence of metabolic disorders in the child population, we performed a Cross-sectional study of 1190 children between 6 and 12 years of age, all of them with complete information of anthropometry, biochemical parameters and RA of A. muciniphila . The polyphenol intake was assessed through a food consumption frequency questionnaire. The findings showed a positive association between low RA of A. muciniphila with triglycerides 6.89 mg/dL (95%CI 0.5, 14.2) and negative with high-density lipoproteins (HDL) −1.35 mg/dL (95%CI -3.4, −0.6). The low intake of anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols are positively associated with triglycerides, 7.35 mg/dL (95%CI 1.80, 12.89) and 5.66 mg/dL (95%CI 0.013, 11.32), respectively. Conclusion: The low RA of A. muciniphila and less intake of polyphenols are directly associated to lipid disorders in child. • Less intake of polyphenols is directly associated to the metabolic disorders. • Low RA of A. Muciniphila is directly associated to the metabolic disorders. • Low RA of A. Muciniphila and less intake of polyphenols are related to lipid disorders. • In children. • Our results help to guide the implementation of strategies, interventions, or policies for metabolic disorders in child population.