Frequency Of Conflicts Research Articles

Analysis of the Conflict Environment of Nursing Specialists

The article presents an analysis of conflict situations among nursing professionals. The analysis was carried out based on a questionnaire, which included various questions about the frequency of conflicts, the parties involved in them and their causes. In addition, this survey makes it possible to draw a conclusion about the psychological climate of the working environment based on an individual assessment of employees, considering conflict situations that arise in the team. The results of the survey are presented in the form of charts with quantitative indicators calculated while analyzing the responses of the data by employees. This scientific article allows you to study the nature of conflicts in institutions where nurses work, draw a conclusion about their opinion about the favorable working environment, and helps to identify the main causes of misunderstandings that periodically arise within the team.

Parent-adolescent conflict: an exploration from the perspective of Vietnamese adolescents.

This research investigates parent-adolescent conflicts from the viewpoint of Vietnamese adolescents. Employing a mixed-method approach, the study conducted in-depth interviews and a questionnaire survey with 706 high-school students. The findings highlight that conflicts between Vietnamese parents and adolescents commonly arise regarding internet usage for entertainment and academic purposes. Furthermore, adolescents reported having more conflicts with their mothers than with their fathers. Although instances of parental aggression were identified, most adolescents perceived their parents' conflict resolution as supportive. However, Vietnamese adolescents tended to display passive behavioral responses during conflicts. The research also identified certain emotional responses as warning signs of mental health issues, including suicidal thoughts, among some adolescents. Moreover, a higher frequency of conflicts with parents was significantly associated with increased peer connections. The study emphasizes the importance of professionals, such as school social workers or counselors, prioritizing the understanding of parent-child conflicts' impact on adolescents' emotions and mental health. Additionally, it underscores the significance of examining parenting patterns and parent-child communication within contemporary Vietnamese families.

Beyond mothers: the crucial role of family caregivers’ knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding in rural western China

BackgroundThe exclusive breastfeeding rate in China remains significantly low. Numerous studies have identified the impact of maternal characteristics on exclusive breastfeeding; however, the correlation between primary family caregivers’ characteristics, such as health and nutrition knowledge, and exclusive breastfeeding still lacks clarity. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the health and nutrition knowledge of primary family caregivers and exclusive breastfeeding in rural China.MethodsIn 2019, a cross-sectional study was conducted in two prefectures within the Qinba Mountains area, located in the southern region of Shaanxi province. Data on knowledge of health and nutrition, breastfeeding practices, breastfeeding family support, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and conflict frequency were collected via structured questionnaires from 372 caregiver-infant pairs. Infant feeding practices were assessed based on the caregivers’ recall of the previous day (within the 24 h before the interview). The mother was interviewed first, followed by a brief questionnaire for the primary family caregiver, both conducted individually to minimize disruptions from other family members. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to explore the correlation between knowledge of mothers and primary family caregivers and exclusive breastfeeding.ResultsThe exclusive breastfeeding rate for six-month-old infants in the sample was 15.7%. On average, mothers scored 4.6 (SD 1.4) for health and nutrition knowledge, while primary family caregivers scored 3.6 (SD 1.4). Both maternal (OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.16, 1.88) and primary family caregiver’s (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.05, 1.70) health and nutrition knowledge were significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding. A positive correlation (OR 1.98; 95% CI 1.40, 2.80) existed between the average health and nutrition knowledge of the mother and primary family caregiver and exclusive breastfeeding. The primary family caregiver’s health and nutrition knowledge was positively correlated with the practical family support perceived by the mother (OR 1.23; 95% CI 1.02, 1.49) and breastfeeding self-efficacy of the mother (β = 1.40; 95% CI 0.29, 2.50).ConclusionsThe characteristics of the primary family caregiver play a large role in exclusive breastfeeding. To promote exclusive breastfeeding, interventions should address the needs of the whole family instead of just mothers.

Geoconflictological Approach in Research of Russian-Rkrainian War

The article is devoted to possibilities of applying geographical approaches in the study of protracted multilevel conflicts. In particular, the research potential of such a new interdisciplinary field of science as geoconflictology was assessed. The purpose of this study is to show spatio-temporal parameterization of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and determination of the influence of geographical factors on its structure and dynamics. The main results of the research: the object and subject of the conflict are defined, its spatial and temporal boundaries are outlined, the evolution of the morphology of the participants in the conflict, possible points of maximum escalation and de-escalation are traced. The influence of geographical factors on the conflict was determined and analyzed. In particular, the influence of the geographical remoteness of metropolises and colonies on the subsequent frequency of conflicts and the risk of conflicts between them. The article emphasizes the determinism and inevitability of the emergence of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. In particular, it is determined by the patterns of development and interaction of territorial systems. An attempt to extrapolate the duration and stages of previous protracted conflicts in Europe to the Russian-Ukrainian conflict was made. The possible influence of the potential of the geographical location on the course and resolution of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict is also determined. The article is one of the first attempts to interpret the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in a geographical dimension.

A fine discrete floor field cellular automaton model with natural step length for pedestrian dynamics

This paper proposes an extended floor field cellular automaton (FFCA) model for evacuation simulations, which integrates the natural step length into pedestrian movement. The model enables pedestrians to occupy multiple grids and extends the interaction area to a disk with a radius determined by the natural step length. These modifications facilitate pedestrian movement in various directions, limited only by the chosen numerical resolution. The model is calibrated to reproduce known density-velocity relations by simulating different evacuation scenarios. The flow rate through the bottleneck scenario matches the experimental results very well. Interestingly, the evacuation time, crowd shape near the exit and average conflict frequency are found to be independent of the discretisation degree, which is different from previous work. Compared with the traditional FFCA model, the proposed model yields larger and more reasonable velocity variation and evacuation path. The main parameters have a similar influence on the evacuation time, indicating that the proposed model retains the robustness of the traditional FFCA model.

Fathers' marital conflict and children's socioemotional skills: A moderated-mediation model of conflict resolution and parenting.

Marital conflict is common in many families. The effects of marital conflict may often spill over to parent-child dyads and affect children's development via their parenting practices. However, couples handle their marital conflict in different ways, and conflict resolution strategies may play a role in children's outcomes. Although mother-reported marital conflict has been a primary focus in most prior studies, little is known about fathers' perspectives. To that end, we examined the mediating effect of fathers' parenting in the association between the frequency of marital conflict and mother-reported children's socioemotional skills in preschool, as well as the moderating role of father constructive conflict resolution frequency in the association between father reports of the frequency of the marital conflict and parenting. Results indicate that father parenting warmth and parenting stress mediated the association between the frequency of marital conflict and children's socioemotional skills. We also found that father reports of the frequency of the marital conflict was positively associated with involvement and negatively associated with warmth at higher levels of constructive conflict resolution frequency. Fathers who reported higher constructive conflict resolution frequency showed higher father involvement and warmth. Finally, the moderated-mediation analysis revealed that, after accounting for mothers' parenting variables, father warmth was the moderated mediator, such that there was a negative indirect effect between the frequency of marital conflict and children's socioemotional skills through father warmth at average and higher levels of constructive conflict resolution frequency. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

The role of perceived organizational support for nurses' ability to handle and resolve ethical value conflicts: A mixed methods study.

To explore if and how nurses' perceived organizational support affects their ability to handle and resolve ethical value conflicts. A mixed methods design with a longitudinal questionnaire survey and focus group interviews. A questionnaire survey in six hospitals in two Swedish regions provided data from 711 nurses responding twice (November-January 2019/2020 and November-January 2020/2021). A cross-lagged path model tested the mutual prospective influence between the organizational climate of perceived organizational support, frequency of ethical value conflicts, and resulting moral distress. Four focus group interviews were conducted with 21 strategically selected nurses (April-October 2021). Qualitative data collection and analysis were inspired by Grounded Theory. A climate of perceived organizational support was empowering, contributing to role security. It prospectively decreased the frequency of ethical value conflicts but not the moral distress when conflicts did occur. It is important to facilitate the development of perceived organizational support among nurses, but also to reduce the occurrence of ethical value conflicts that the nurses cannot resolve. By ensuring a shared care ideology, good inter-professional relations within the entire care organization, providing clear and supportive organizational structures, and utilizing competence adequately, healthcare managers can facilitate and support the development of perceived organizational support among nurses. Nurses who are empowered by perceived organizational support are stimulated by and take pride in their work and experience the work as meaningful and joyful. The study addressed the question of whether healthcare organizations could support nurses to resolving ethical value conflicts, and thus reduce moral distress. Perceived organizational support is related to factors such as ideological caring alignment and supportive organizational preconditions. This study contributes specific knowledge about how healthcare organizations can empower nurses to effectively resolve ethical value conflicts and thereby reduce their moral distress. No patient or public contribution.

Yours, mine, or ours? Dyadic sleep hygiene and associations with sleep quality, emotional distress, and conflict frequency in mixed-gender, bed-sharing couples.

Although prior research demonstrates the interdependence of sleep quality within couples (i.e., the sleep of one partner affects the sleep of the other), little is known about the degree to which couples' sleep hygiene behaviours are concordant or discordant, and if one's own sleep hygiene or their report of their partners' sleep hygiene is related to worse relational, psychological, and sleep outcomes. In a sample of 143 mixed-gender, bed-sharing couples, each partner completed an online questionnaire consisting of the Sleep Hygiene Index (for themselves and their partner), PROMIS sleep disturbance scale, conflict frequency, PHQ-4 for anxiety and depressive symptoms, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Paired samples t-tests between partners were conducted using total and individual-item Sleep Hygiene Index scores to examine similarities and differences. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) scores of dyadic reports were conducted to examine the level of agreement between each partner's sleep hygiene. Finally, we examined associations between one's own sleep hygiene and their report of their partner's sleep hygiene with both partner's sleep quality, emotional distress, and conflict frequency in a dyadic structural equation model with important covariates and alternative model tests. The results revealed a significant difference between men's (M = 14.45, SD = 7.41) and women's total score self-report sleep hygiene ([M = 17.67, SD = 8.27]; t(142) = -5.06, p < 0.001) and partners only had similar sleep hygiene for 5 out of the 13 items. Examining dyadic reports of sleep hygiene revealed that partners had moderate agreement on their partners' sleep hygiene (0.69-0.856). The results from the dyadic structural equation model revealed that poorer sleep hygiene was associated with one's own poor sleep quality, higher emotional distress, and more frequent relational conflict. For both men and women a poorer report of a partner's sleep hygiene was associated with one's own report of higher relationship conflict. Finally, men's poorer report of a partner's sleep hygiene was related better to their own sleep quality but was related to poorer sleep quality for their partners. These results have implications for sleep promotion and intervention efforts as well as for couple relationship functioning.

Frequency of Perceived Conflict between Families and Clinicians at Time of Clinical Ethics Consultation in Hospitalized Children

Background Little is known about the frequency of conflict between clinicians and families at the time of pediatric clinical ethics consultation (CEC) and what factors are associated with the presence of conflict. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a single, tertiary urban US pediatric hospital that included all hospitalized patients between January 2008 and December 2019 who received CEC. Utilizing the hospital’s CEC database that requires documentation of the presence of conflict by the consultant at the time of CEC, we determined the frequency and types of perceived conflict between families and clinicians. We also assessed the bivariable association between conflict and patient age, patient- or family-reported race/ethnicity, language for care, insurance status, clinical setting, and consultant involvement. Results Perceived conflict between clinicians and families was present in 44% (91/209) of CEC. We observed a higher occurrence of clinician-family conflict within certain consult topics than others, in particular, informed consent/parental permission (69%), cultural considerations (67%), benefit/harm assessment (58%), and limitation of life-sustaining treatment (58%). We found no other significant associations between the presence of perceived conflict and patient sociodemographic factors or CEC factors. Conclusions Conflict between healthcare teams and families appears common in CEC, particularly with certain consult topics. Further study is needed to better understand conflict types, causes of conflicts, management and mediation strategies, and outcomes.

Working in fours: generational communication in the emergency department

BackgroundThis study examined the conflicts between different generations working in US emergency departments (ED). We sought to record generational differences involving communication preferences, perceived areas of conflict, work motivations, and attitudes regarding work-life balance.MethodsWe developed a survey to assess the physician perspective on generational conflict in the ED. The survey was distributed to members of the American College of Emergency Physicians, a professional organization comprising emergency medicine physicians in the USA.ResultsWe received 696 completed responses. Men represented 60% of respondents and the largest proportion of respondents were emergency physicians working in community settings (53%); 11% were residents. Generation representation was smallest for Traditionalist (2%) and largest for Gen X (43%). Seventy percent reported observing conflict due to generational communication with the largest frequency being once a week (26%). In the associated open-ended questions, 247 (33%) provided 316 anecdotal descriptions of observed conflict. Responses clustered into seven themes (ordered by frequency): Work Ethic, Treatment Approach, Technology Application, Entitlement, Professionalism, Work Life/Balance, and Communication Style. Comparing Work Ethic responses, 52–70-year-olds reported that younger providers are less interested in “accomplishing anything” while 26–34-year-olds resented that attitude. Respondents completing the open-ended questions regarding preventing and responding to conflict provided some insight into helpful strategies including actions supportive of clear communication and standardized policies and expectations. Only 5% of respondents reported that they had discussed generational communication in department meetings with the odds of a woman reporting conflict being less than males (p = .01).ConclusionConflicts in the ED in the USA can be attributed to how an individual views the values of someone from another generation. Understanding the frequency and areas of generational conflict in the ED can help medical leaders find strategies to mitigate negative workplace interactions.

Effect of interpersonal conflicts and the moderating effect of the dispositional need to belong on binge eating

The dispositional need to belong (dNTB) is a stable desire to connect with others and belong to groups. Recently, it has been stated that dNTB can alter immediate post-interpersonal conflict behavior. Interpersonal conflict stress is one of the triggers of binge eating. An individual's vulnerability to binge eating in response to interpersonal conflicts before it becomes a disorder has not been investigated from the perspective of the interaction between interpersonal conflict and dNTB. We conducted two studies examining the relationships between interpersonal conflicts and dNTB and the frequency of binge eating behavior in daily life. Conflicting predictions have been made about whether people with a high dNTB eat more after interpersonal conflict than those with a low dNTB. In Study 1, 199 university students answered the survey concerning their dNTB and frequency of interpersonal conflict and binge eating. The results revealed that higher dNTB is associated with more frequent binge eating when individuals face interpersonal conflict. In Study 2, 416 adults throughout Japan participated in the same survey; the results replicated those from Study 1. For exploratory purposes, mental health and other eating behaviors (restrained, emotional, and external eating) were measured in Studies 1 and 2, respectively. However, the moderation effects of dNTB on these eating behaviors were not observed. Previous studies suggested that individuals with a low dNTB ate more in response to social exclusion. This might be due to an immediate interpersonal stress reaction to social exclusion. Conversely, this study's results implicate that the modulation effects of dNTB on excessive eating habits are different from those immediately following interpersonal conflict.

An integrated approach of machine learning and Bayesian spatial Poisson model for large-scale real-time traffic conflict prediction

The use of traffic conflicts in road safety evaluation is gaining considerable popularity as it plays a vital role in developing a proactive safety management strategy and allowing for real-time safety analysis. This study proposes an integrated approach that combines a machine learning (ML) algorithm and a Bayesian spatial Poisson (BSP) model to conduct large-scale real-time traffic conflict prediction by considering traffic states as the explanatory variables. Traffic conflicts are measured by two indicators, the Time to Collision (TTC) and the Post-Encroachment Time (PET). Based on both TTC and PET, traffic conflict severity is classified into five categories. For each conflict severity category, a binary variable (conflict occurrence) and a count variable (conflict frequency) are developed, respectively. In addition to conflict variables, traffic state parameters are extracted from a large-scale high-resolution trajectory dataset. The traffic parameters include volume, density, speed, and the corresponding space-based and space–time-based measures within a 30-second interval. Eight ML-based classifiers are applied to predict conflict occurrence, and the best classifier is selected. A binary logistic regression is developed to explore the potential linkages between traffic states and conflict occurrence. As well, a resampling technique Borderline-SMOTE is used to mitigate the sparsity caused by the predefined short interval. The BSP model is utilized to predict the specific number of conflicts. Further, the BSP model can also explain the relationship between traffic states and conflict frequency, and thus the significant influencing traffic states are identified. The results show that random forest outperforms the other MLs in terms of conflict occurrence prediction accuracy. Further, the proposed integrated approach achieves a high performance of conflict frequency prediction with RMSE values of 0.1384 ∼ 0.1699, MAPE values of 9.25% ∼ 36.99%, and MAE values of 0.0087 ∼ 0.6398. The finding emphasizes the need for separately predicting the occurrence and frequency of conflicts with different severities.

A Conflict-Based Safety Diagnosis of SCI Roundabouts Using a Surrogate Safety Measure Model

Recently, the surrogate safety assessment model has been considered for the safety performance analysis of roundabouts. This model can perform a detailed analysis of conflicts based on the trajectory data of vehicles inside the roundabout. The Separated Central Island (SCI) roundabout, as one of the roundabouts with distinct geometrical characteristics, holds the potential for safety evaluation using the conflict-based method. Therefore, in this study, a safety diagnosis of an SCI roundabout was conducted for the first time. In this study, a safety diagnosis procedure for SCI roundabout was first defined; for this purpose, vehicle trajectory data were obtained using an Unnamed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and then entered into Surrogate Safety Measure Model software (SSAM 3.0). A case study was conducted on the only SCI roundabout in Iran, located in Mashhad. The parameters of Time-to-Collision (TTC), maximum speed difference of two vehicles involved in a collision (MaxΔV), and maximum speed of vehicles in collision (MaxS) were utilized to determine the type and severity of conflicts and risk analysis. The results of roundabout risk analysis showed that the severity level of conflicts is mainly of the injury type and that the lowest severity of conflicts is related to fatality. In addition, the highest frequency of injury conflicts is associated with lane-change conflict and the lowest frequency is linked to rear-end conflict. The highest and lowest frequency of damage conflicts are related to crossing and lane-change conflicts, respectively. After overall risk scoring, the severity level of conflicts is mainly related to injury type and the lowest severity of conflicts is associated with fatality; 31% of the total conflicts obtained are of the damaging type, and 69% are of the injury type. Finally, comparing the results of the conflict data with the 8-year crash data in such roundabouts confirms that in the absence of crash data in such roundabouts traffic engineers can use the roundabout analysis based on this study to predict the safety situation of such roundabouts before implementing engineering processes.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF JAYWALKING CONFLICTS BY A LIDAR SENSOR

The light detection and ranging (Lidar) sensor is a remote sensing technology that can be used to monitor pedestrians who cross an intersection outside of a designated crosswalk or crossing area, which is a key safety application of lidar sensors at signalized intersections. Hereupon, the Lidar sensor was installed at the Hillen Rd - E 33rd St. intersection in Baltimore city to collect real-time jaywalkers’ traffic data. In order to propose safety improvement considerations for the pedestrians as one of the most vulnerable road users, the paper aims to investigate the reasons for jaywalking and its potential risks for increasing the frequency and severity of vehicle-pedestrian conflicts. In a three-month time, interval from December 2022 to February 2023, a total of 585 jaywalkers were detected. By developing a generalized linear regression model and using K-means clustering, the highly correlated independent variables to the frequency of jaywalking were recognized, including the speed of jaywalkers, the average PET of vehicle-pedestrians, the frequency of vehicle-pedestrian conflicts, and the weather condition. The volume of vehicles and pedestrians and road infrastructure characteristics such as medians, building entrances, vegetation on medians, and bus/taxi stops were investigated, and the results showed that as the frequency of jaywalking increases, vehicle-pedestrian conflicts will occur more frequently and with greater severity. In addition, jaywalking speed increases the likelihood of severe vehicle-pedestrian conflicts. Also, during cloudy and rainy days, 397 pedestrians were motivated to jaywalk (or 68% of total jaywalkers), making weather a significant factor in the increase in jaywalking.

Identification of Potential Causes for Increased Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection Rates in the NICU

The University of Utah Newborn Intensive Care Unit (UUNICU) has seen a recent increase in rate of Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABSI) after an extended period of 965 days with no CLABSI’s. Unfortunately, in the last three years, infection rate has been on average 2.6 CLABSI per year. The goal of this study was to identify potential contributing factors leading to this substantial increase. To conceptualize these factors, we focused on the emergence of safety conflicts during the intravenous medication administration process. A safety conflict was defined as an interference between two separate pathways designed to protect the integrity of patient care (a ‘safety pathway’). A total of 30 structured health care worker observations of the intravenous medication administration process were conducted. Data analysis shows a notable increase in safety conflict frequency, and necessary LCs as the number of medications per administration event increases. Conversely, the average duration of a single vs. two medication administration events does not significantly increase, which indicates substantial batching of tasks. This batching increases the likelihood of safety conflicts, negatively affecting patient safety.

Cycle-level traffic conflict prediction at signalized intersections with LiDAR data and Bayesian deep learning

Real-time safety prediction models are vital in proactive road safety management strategies. This study develops models to predict traffic conflicts at signalized intersections at the signal cycle level, using advanced Bayesian deep learning techniques and efficient LiDAR points. The modeling framework contains three phases, which are data preprocessing, base deep learning model development, and Bayesian deep learning model development. The core of the framework is the long short-term memory (LSTM) employed to predict the conflict frequency of a cycle by using traffic features of the previous five cycles (e.g., dynamic traffic parameters, traffic conflict frequency). Four Bayesian deep learning models were developed, including Bayesian-Standard LSTM, Bayesian-Hybrid-LSTM, Bayesian-Stacked-LSTM Encoder-Decoder, and Bayesian-Multi-head Stacked-LSTM Encoder-Decoder. The developed models were applied to traffic conflicts extracted from LiDAR points that were collected from a signalized intersection in Harbin, China with a total duration of seven days. Traffic conflicts, measured by the modified time-to-collision conflict indicator, were identified using the peak over threshold approach. The models were thoroughly evaluated from the aspects of reliability, transferability, sensitivity, and robustness. The results show that the developed four models can predict traffic conflict frequency per cycle per lane simultaneously with its uncertainty. Moreover, the two Bayesian encoder-decoder models perform better than Bayesian-Standard LSTM and Bayesian-Hybrid-LSTM in the four tests. Bayesian-Multi-head Stacked-LSTM Encoder-Decoder is suggested as the optimal model for its high reliability under uncertainty, good transferability in three scenarios, low sensitivity to different parameters, and sound robustness against small noise. The proposed framework could benefit studies on the state-of-the-art data-driven approach for real-time safety prediction.

Intimate Partner Violence and Inflammaging: Conflict Tactics Predict Inflammation Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

In long-term relationships, conflict is inevitable, but physical and psychological aggression is not. Intimate partner violence is a known risk factor for age-related disease onset, and inflammation likely links the two. This study explores relationships between frequency of constructive (i.e., negotiation) and destructive (i.e., aggression) conflict tactics with inflammation in both younger and older adulthood. Based on the theory of inflammaging, the study investigates whether these associations were stronger in mid-to-late adulthood. At one visit, 214 participants in long-term romantic relationships had their blood drawn to assess six inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 [IL-6], tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α], C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A (SAA), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule) and reported frequency of destructive and constructive conflict tactics with their partner in the past year on the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale short form. Age interacted with number of destructive conflicts per year to predict serum IL-6 ( F (1,200) = 5.3, p = .022), TNF-α ( F (1,180) = 4.2, p = .043), sICAM ( F (1,193) = 7.0, p = .008), and marginally SAA ( F (1,199) = 3.7, p = .055), such that middle-aged and older adults who reported more destructive tactics had higher inflammation. Also, the relationship between constructive conflict frequency and TNF-α also depended on age ( F (1,177) = 4.9, p = .029), in that older adults who reported a greater number of constructive tactics had lower TNF-α. Couples' conflict tactics may influence levels of inflammation and therefore aging rate in mid-to-late life. Middle-aged and older adults may disproportionately benefit from a healthy partnership and suffer from an unhealthy partnership.

Predictors of harsh parenting practices and inter-partner conflict during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada: a cross-sectional analysis from the Ontario Parent Survey

ObjectivesGuided by the bioecological model, the purpose of this study was to examine the associations of (1) individual level factors (sociodemographic, health behaviour and mental health), (2) family (micro) level...

Time–Space Conflict Management in Construction Sites Using Discrete Event Simulation (DES) and Path Planning in Unity

Time–space conflicts are one of the most common issues facing construction practices, impacting safety and productivity in several negative ways at construction sites. Therefore, implementing and developing methods to reduce the frequency of such conflicts occurring in activity workspaces can effectively enhance project performance. Space is usually a constrained resource in construction project sites; therefore, in this project, we propose an approach as a method of time–space conflict management in construction project sites. The method implements Informed Rapidly Exploring Random Tree-Star (Informed-RRT*) path planning, Discrete Event Simulation (DES), and geometry to automatically detect and resolve time–space conflicts in construction projects. To evaluate the method’s capabilities, it is tested on a case study of an earthwork operation, including the loading, hauling, dumping, and return phases. Finally, our method finds the shortest travel path and duration for each hauling truck between two given starting and end points in each phase without colliding with static obstacles (randomly placed in the site), intersection points of the trucks’ path, the start and stop time for the truck serving higher-priority construction activities, and the total duration of each truck’s earthwork operation.

The Current Situation of Conflict between Parents and Teenage Children

The prevalence of conflicts between parents and children is a common issue in families and needs to be addressed properly to ensure the development and happiness of every family member. This is a sensitive and complex problem that requires knowledge, empathy, and love to resolve. The article surveyed and evaluated 706 adolescents in the age group of high school students (15-17 years old). The research surveyed the common content of conflicts within families, such as education, social relationships with friends, finances, and the use of the internet/technology. The frequency of conflicts was measured on different levels: no conflict, infrequent (a few months), frequent (daily/weekly), and severe. Additionally, the study analyzed factors influencing the frequency of conflicts between parents and children. The survey results and analysis serve as a basis for building solutions to foster better relationships among family members.