Frequency Of Abortion Research Articles

Pregnancy outcome in a cohort of Egyptian women with rheumatoid arthritis

BackgroundFemale patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can have successful pregnancies. However, those who experience a higher disease activity during pregnancy and require continued treatment have a potential risk of maternal and neonatal complications. Aim of the workTo assess pregnancy outcome (adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes) in an Egyptian cohort of female RA patients. Patients and methodsThiscross-sectional study involved 200 female RA patients and 100 healthy age-matched controls. All were subjected to detailed gynecological history including: number of pregnancies, miscarriage, mode of delivery, maternal complication (gestational diabetes and preeclampsia), fetal complication (prematurity, low birth weight ‘LBW’ and congenital anomalies) and medicationsused during pregnancy. The disease activity score (DAS28) was assessed pre-conception and in each trimester. ResultsPatients had significantly lower number of pregnancies (p = 0.002) and deliveries (p = 0.001) and higher incidence of miscarriages (p = 0.022) compared to controls. Delivery by Cesarean section (CS) was higher inpatients (p = 0.001) with an increased risk of preeclampsia (p = 0.042). Both the antenatal and natal DAS28 significantly correlatedwith abortions, deliveries by CS and LBW (p = 0.005, p = 0.004 and p < 0.001, respectively). Pre-conceptional methotrexate use significantly correlated with the number of abortions (p = 0.02). Corticosteroid use during pregnancy was related to LBW of newborns (p = 0.03). ConclusionPregnant RA patients have higher frequency of abortion, delivery by CS, preeclampsia and LBW of newborns; especially those having higher disease activity and/ortreated with potentially harmful medications. It is crucial to educate female RA patients about these risks and they should be considered as high-risk pregnancy and followed accordingly.

Factors associated with the timing of abortions.

The timing of an abortion (often measured as gestational age) can have important effects on the woman's physical health and on the cost of the procedure. To the authors' knowledge, there has been only one national analysis of the factors associated with the gestational age at abortion, but it employed data from over 20 years ago. The state-specific studies that have explored abortion timing have typically examined the effects of a specific change in abortion regulations. In this study, we employ annual, state-level data covering the 1991-2014 period that measure the frequency of abortions by gestational age. We regress these measures of abortion utilization on policy, economic, demographic, and health care infrastructure characteristics. The estimates indicate that the introduction of state restrictions on Medicaid funding of abortions is associated with a 13% increase in the rate of abortions after the first trimester. We do not find a statistically significant association between parental involvement laws and the rate or percentage of post-first-trimester abortions.

Psoriasis and Pregnancy: Retrospective Evaluation of 47 Pregnancies in a Tertiary Center

Objective: To evaluate the impact of psoriasis on pregnancy outcomes.Study Design: Data of pregnant women with chronic plaque psoriasis who were followed up at Ha­cet­­tepe University Hospital between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2017 were evaluated. Pregnant women with singleton pregnancies who had chronic plaque psoriasis were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups based on the clinical course of psoriasis: group 1 (improvement/disease-stable), and group 2 (deterioration). Median maternal age, gravida, parity, gestational week at birth, birthweight, 5th minute APGAR score together with the rates of cesarean section, neonatal intensive care unit admission and pregnancy complications (spontaneous abortion, preterm delivery, fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia) were compared between the groups.Results: There were 29 (61.7%) patients in group 1 and 18 (38.3%) patients in group 2. Mean values for maternal age, gravida and parity were comparable between the groups (p values were 0.32, 0.09 and 0.17, respectively). Median values for gestational week at birth (39.2 vs 36.1, p =0.002), birthweight (3200 vs 2310, p =0.002) and 5th minute APGAR score (9 vs 7, p &lt;0.001) were statistically significantly lower in group 2. Cesarean section (33.3% vs 71.4%, p =0.02), neonatal intensive care unit admission (11.1% vs 64.3%, p &lt;0.001) and pregnancy complication rates (p =0.003) were statistically significantly higher in group 2. Frequencies of spontaneous abortion, preterm delivery, fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia were 6.9%, 10.3%, 3.4% and 3.4% in group 1, and 22.2%, 27.8%, 16.7% and 16.7% in group 2, respectively.Conclusion: Deterioration of psoriasis in pregnancy was associated with adverse obstetric outcome.

Abortion among French students: result of a 15 years follow-up in a French university

Abstract Issue The level of abortion in France is judged high, and since 2002 a policy is developed among students to lower it in this particular population Methods Since 2003, every 2 years we made an anonymous survey on abortion frequency, reasons and care in our university, which has between 12.000 and 12.000 she-students. We work on data from abortion centres of our area. Results Abortion rates are stable (5,3-8,5%0), half of the French rate for women (12,0-15,1%0).The risk is significantly lower for French students (6,3%0) compared to students from China (relative risk - RR 1,7, with a significant fall since 2011 - after a specific information campaign on contraception in France), North Africa (RR 2,0 stable) and Sub-Saharan Africa (RR 7,6 stable). ¼ had no contraception, ½ used condoms and 1/3 used oral contraception. 7,2% took emergency contraception. Medical abortion count for 1/3, but ¾ of the surgical techniques could have been replaced by medical drugs. After abortion, condoms are no more used and only 1% of the she-students decided not to take contraception. The main change is the fall down of the use of oral contraception after abortion (from 77% to 43%) replaced by intra-uterine device (IUD- from 1,7% to 22,5%) and contraceptive implant (CI- from 6,4% to 19,6%). Complete qualitative and quantitative results for 2018 will be also presented. Lessons General information on contraception did not change abortion rates, except for Chinese students. But, the increase use of hidden contraception (IUD and CI) after abortion encourage us to insist to the use of these hidden devices for the she-students belonging to social groups where contraception is discredited as a way to promote “bad habits”. Key messages Since 2003, abortion rates are stable among french students, and concerned mainly foreign students. The greater use ’hidden’ devices of contraception may improve this situation.

Chromosomal copy number variations in products of conception from spontaneous abortion by next-generation sequencing technology.

Fetal chromosomal abnormalities are considered to be the main cause of spontaneous abortion (SA). We aimed to determine the differences in the rates and numbers of chromosomal abnormalities between samples from women with a history of one versus more than one SA as well as between samples from first- and second-trimester SAs in women from Northeast China.In total, 1210 products of conception (POCs) from patients with a history of one or more SAs were examined. Of these 1210 samples, 434 were from women with a history of 1 SA, and 776 were from women with a history of more than 1 SA. Additionally, 1071 samples were from the first trimester, 118 were from the second trimester, and 21 were from the third trimester. We identified chromosomal abnormalities by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. Among the 1210 POCs in women with SA, 607 (50.17%) had fetal chromosomal abnormalities. There were no significant differences in the rates of chromosomal abnormalities according to the abortion frequency. However, first-trimester SA had a significantly higher percentage of fetal chromosomal abnormalities than second-trimester SA (P < .05). Among 663 chromosomal abnormalities, 633 abnormalities occurred in first-trimester SA; the most frequent karyotype was trisomy 16 (14.38%), followed by monosomy X (13.27%), trisomy 22 (7.90%), and trisomy 15 (5.37%). Thirty abnormalities occurred in second-trimester SA; the most frequent karyotype was trisomy 18 (26.67%), followed by monosomy X (16.67%), trisomy 21 (13.33%), and trisomy 13 (10.00%). No chromosomal abnormalities occurred in the third trimester.These findings indicate the importance of determining the genetic cause of abortion in patients with a history of SA. We also identified a trend suggesting that the percentage of fetal chromosomal abnormalities is significantly higher in first- than second-trimester SA. The detection rate of chromosomal abnormalities in POCs from SA can be increased by NGS, which is beneficial for couples with recurrent miscarriages and offers better genetic counseling in the clinical setting.

The risk of sperm demage in men with the combined effect of endocrine disruptors

Background: The most frequent ultrastructural change in sperm cells is nuclear DNA fragmentation. Many authors believe that DNA damage to sperm cells can serve as a diagnostic marker of a negative paternal effect in the pre-implantation period of human development. A number of studies have shown a direct correlation between the high percentage of sperm DNA damage and the frequency of spontaneous abortions. On the other hand, it is known that the damaging effect of endocrine disruptors, for example, triclosan and bisphenol A, is based on their ability to induce oxidative stress, which is considered as one of the factors in cell DNA damage.&#x0D; Aims: to assess the risk of sperm DNA fragmentation in men with the combined effect of bisphenol A, triclosan and 4-nonylphenol in seminal fluid.&#x0D; Materials and methods: 84 samples of seminal fluid of men with normo-and patozoospermia were studied. The concentration of bisphenol A, triclosan and 4-nonylphenol in gas was determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The comparison groups were divided according to the degree of DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa into two groups: the 1st group of patients with DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa 15% (n=18) and the 2nd group 15% (n=29). The spermiological study was carried out according to the WHO recommendations (2010) taking into account the assessment of the number of spermatozoa, their motility and morphology, as well as the degree of fragmentation of the sperm DNA.&#x0D; Results: Bisphenol A was found in 100% of the ejaculate samples with a median concentration of 0.150 ng/ml. Triclosan and 4-nonylphenol were detected in 84.3 and 98.1% of ejaculate samples with a median concentration of 0.11 and 0.16 ng/ml respectively. Comparison groups were statistically significantly distinguished by the concentration of bisphenol A and triclosan p=0.014; p0.001 respectively. Triclosan with an increase in concentration in seminal fluid by 0.1 ng/ml increased the chance of development of the degree of DNA fragmentation 15% by 2.9 times. The odds ratio of bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol to DNA damage was not statistically significant. The prognostic model of the joint effect of endocrine disruptors on DNA damage, constructed using multiple logistic regression analysis, was also found to be statistically significant only with respect to the effect of triclosan.&#x0D; Conclusions: The risk of damage to sperm DNA in men is primarily associated with the effect of triclosan in seminal fluid. At the same time, it is necessary to assume the absence of a synergistic effect of bisphenol A, triclosan and 4-nonylphenol on the DNA damage of spermatozoa in men.

EVALUATION OF THE FREQUENCY AND STRUCTURE OF ABORTIONS IN THE REGION OF CENTRAL RUSSIA

Abortion occupies a leading place in the structure of reproductive losses. The purpose of the study is to assess the structure and frequency of abortions in the Tula region Russia. Material and methods. In the period from 2013 to 2017, the analysis of the dynamics of fertility and abortion in the period up to 22 weeks was carried out. Results. During 5 years in the region of 73 517 was born living children. The analysis showed that the number of termination of pregnancy was 25 126, of them in the early stages (up to 12 weeks) 23 396 (93.1%), in the period from 12 to 22 weeks - 1730 (6.9%). The number of abortions in the region to 22 weeks decreased from 47.9 to 29.4 per 1,000 women (15-49 years) and from 19.9 to 11.4 per 100 born alive and dead. Compared with other types of abortion, the lowest basic rate of decline (9.97%) was set for spontaneous abortion (9.97%), the highest for medical legal abortion - 62.11%. In the structure of termination of pregnancy up to 12 weeks there was an increase of spontaneous abortion for 2015 -2017 (the basic growth rate of 16.6%). In the region, there was an increase in the frequency of abortions in the first pregnancy by 33.9% and an increase in abortions for medical reasons by 16.85%. The age ratio of abortions remains stable throughout the follow-up period. Conclusion. The structure of reproductive losses in the region is still dominated by medical legal abortions, but among the true prenatal losses the leading role belongs to spontaneous abortion. Reducing the frequency of spontaneous abortion is the main unconditional reserve to increase the reproductive potential of the region.

ASSESSMENT OF FORMALIN TERATOGENICITY ON EMBRYOS OF PREGNANT ALBINO RATS

Background: Formaldehyde (FA) is an economically important chemical that is commonly used in the production of industrial, laboratory, household, and cosmetic products. FA is a potential carcinogen and mutagen.Exposure to formaldehyde is common especially among medical and paramedical personnel as it is widely used disinfectant. The exposure becomes maximal and semi- obligatory among workers and personnel of anatomy departments in the different faculties of medicine in a lot of countries and Egypt among; it is the main substance used for cadavers and human parts preservations. Workers and staff of anatomy departments among those with the highest possible formalin exposure with the risk to experience part or most of its possible serious hazardous health effects. This attracts our attention and necessitates a careful study for the possible effects of formalin on the embryos of exposed mothers.Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the teratogenicity of formaldehyde in experimental animals exposed to FA. Methods: The study included fifty adult female albino Mice, that were divided into five groups ; (Ia): Negative control group received distilled water, (Ib): Positive control: received oral colchicines 2mg/kg /day on gestational days 6-13, Group II, III and IV: received formaldehyde orally in gestational days 6-13 with concentrations 7,14 and 21 mg/kg/day respectively. Pregnant females were sacrificed on 18th gestational day. The uterine horns were examined for resorption sites, alive or dead fetuses. Extracted fetuses were examined for external developmental abnormalities and stained for skeletal malformations. Results: Decrease in the body weight of the newborns, Increase frequency of abortion and Fetuses mortality and there were some anomalies among the newborn mice which included umbilical hernia, subcutaneous bleeding , ear deformity, delayed ossification of skull bones and Caudal vertebrae were unossified or showed very small ossification centre. Conclusion: The pervious findings suggest that formaldehyde is a teratogenic substance

Аспекты прегравидарной подготовки женщин с привычным невынашиванием беременности и приобретенной формой тромбофилии

The objective: was to reduce the obstetric and perinatal complications in women with the usual miscarriage of pregnancy and the acquired form of thrombophilia by developing, implementing and evaluating the effectiveness of the complex of diagnostic, treatment and preventive measures at the stage of pre-bladder training. Materials and methods. A survey was conducted on 377 patients with a normal pregnancy incontinence. In 140 (37.1%) women, the pathological level of antiphospholipid antibodies was detected. Depending on the type of pre-bladder preparation, women were divided into two groups: the main (I; n = 80) patients were trained according to the proposed method, and the comparison group (II; n = 60), whose patients were trained according to the protocol. The control group included 30 somatically healthy women without disturbing the generative function. The examination included: determination of hormonal, immune status, homocysteine level, infectious profile, determination of antiphospholipid antibodies, hemostasis studies of all stages of hemostasis, consultations of adjacent specialists. Results. The pathophysiological level of antiphospholipid antibodies was found in 37.1% of women with a history of fatal pregnancy. In women of the studied groups, the mild degree of activity of the antiphospholipid syndrome by the level of detected antibodies (10-20 U/D) was 65%, the average degree (20-60 U / D) was recorded at 20%, and in 10% of patients a severe degree was detected (&gt; 60 U.D.). In the group where the developed complex of pre-glare preparation was carried out, the level of antiphospholipid antibodies decreased to normal, the hemostatic potential was normalized, sanation of the secondary infection centers was performed, and the indices of immune and hormonal status were normalized. In patients of Group II, an increased antibody level (&gt; 10 U.D.) was recorded in almost 40% of patients. The algorithm of pre-glare preparation developed by us allowed to reduce the frequency of involuntary abortions and dead pregnancies by up to 22 weeks by 25% and reduce the frequency of preterm births by almost 25%. Conclusion. The developed and implemented program of treatment and rehabilitation measures in the pregravidder period allows to reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality in women with the usual miscarriage of pregnancy against the background of antiphospholipid syndrome. Key words: habitual miscarriage of pregnancy, antiphospholipid syndrome, pregravidar preparation, plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin.

Reproductive Health of Women with the Combined Pathology of Uterus and Mammary Glands

The objective: depression of disturbances of reproductive function and gestational complications at women with combined pathology of uterus and mammary glands on the basis of studying of new aspects of pathogenesis of sterility and development of obstetric and perinatal pathology, and also improvement and introduction of algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions depending on options of the combined pathology of uterus and mammary glands.Materials and methods. Sterility treatment at all patients at 1 stage was carried out by use of auxiliary reproductive technologies. 1 group was made by 90 women with diffuse diplasya of mammary glands. Three subgroups were distinguished from them taking into account existence of accompanying genital pathology. At the 2nd stage of researches by us it was carried out complex clinical-laboratory and functional inspection 210 women who depending on existence of the combined pathology of uterus and mammary glands were divided into groups and subgroups. In complex of the conducted researches were included clinical, ekhografical, dopplerometrical, cardiotocografical, morphological, endocrinological, biochemical and statistical.Results. Use of algorithm of diagnostic and treatmentand-prophylactic actions allows to reduce the frequency of spontaneous abortion by 4.5%; premature births – for 3.3%; placental dysfunction – for 14.3%; preeclampsias – for 7.8%; anomalies of patrimonial activity – for 11.1%; fetus distress – for 7.8%; the cesaraen sections – for 10.0%; asphyxias of newborns of average degree – for 14.8%; the serious – for 7.3%; post-hypoxemic encephalopathy – for 7.3%; realization of fetal becoming infected – for 6.8% and perinatal losses – for 3.5% respectively.Conclusion. Use of advanced algorithm of treatment-and-prophylactic actions at women with the combined pathology of uterus and mammary glands allows to reduce significantly frequency not reproductive losses, but also obstetric and perinatal complications that is the solution of an important problem of modern obstetrics.

Особливості перебігу вагітності у жінок із варикозним розширенням вен статевих органів

The objective: to study features of course of pregnancy at women with varicose phlebectasia of genitals. Materials and methods. For the solution of a goal was the assessment of a clinical current of a gestation at 200 women with сliniсal-laboratory signs of varicose illness of the bottom extremities and genitals (the main 1 group) and 50 women of similar age and parity without clinical-laboratory signs of varicose illness (group 2 control) is carried out. In the main group we in addition allocated a subgroup of 1.1 – 42 women with varicose illness and varicose phlebectasia of genitals, respectively the subgroup 1.2 was made by 158 women with a varicose phlebectasia of only the bottom extremities. The complex of the conducted researches included clinical, laboratory, tool and statistical methods. Results. The obtained data testify that atypical localization varicose expanded veins of genitals is observed at 21.0% of women with varicose illness. The main complications of pregnancy at women with a varicose phlebectasia of genitals are not incubation threat in І a trimester – 53.3%; placental dysfunction – 33.3% and threat of premature births – 31.3%. Abortion frequency in І a trimester made 5 cases (11.9%), and premature births – respectively 3 (7.1%). Pregnant women with varicose phlebectasia of genitals in most cases (39 з 42 – 92.9%) were delivery by way of operation of Cesarean section. Conclusion. The obtained data needs to be considered when developing tactics of pregnancy and labors at women with a varicose phlebectasia of genitals. Key words: pregnancy, complications, varicose phlebectasia of genitals.

Overview of the therapeutic possibilities of combined oral contraceptive containing estradiol valerate and dienogest

Taking into account that the frequency of abortions in Russia today remains quite high, the strategy of fertility regulation through the provision of contraceptive advice to women of various ages comes to the fore. It has been proven that combined oral contraceptives are the most effective method of preventing unwanted pregnancies. An innovative combination of oral contraceptives containing estradiol valerate (EV) and dienogest (DNG) dynamically provides effective inhibition of ovulation and sufficient cycle control. DNG/EV has high efficacy, acceptability and tolerability and can be successfully used in sexually active women in need of contraception, regardless of their age. Like any modern contraceptive, this drug possesses a whole arsenal of pronounced therapeutic possibilities, which can be used in real clinical practice. In addition, the combination of EV and DNG is highly effective in the therapy of menorrhagia. The percentage of patients who had successful treatment and resulted in a decrease in menstrual blood loss was high. The effectiveness of the drug is confirmed by the bleeding of withdrawal at the end of the first treatment cycle and continues to increase gradually with further administration.

A Method for Enhancing the Efficacy of Vaccination and Reducing the Frequency of Infectious Abortion in Herd Horse Breeding

A Method for Enhancing the Efficacy of Vaccination and Reducing the Frequency of Infectious Abortion in Herd Horse Breeding

Diffuse systemic scleroderma in a pregnant woman at an outpatient clinic in Western Amazon

Introduction: Systemic scleroderma is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, manifested by fibrous and vascular lesions. It is divided into its diffuse and limited forms, both affecting internal organs, although differing in the location of the cutaneous lesions. It is a rare condition. Its diagnosis is clinical, since there are no specific laboratory tests for diagnostic confirmation. In pregnancies of mothers with scleroderma there is a higher frequency of prematurity, abortions, gestational hypertension and intrauterine growth restriction as a result of uteroplacental vascular abnormalities. There is no modifying treatment that addresses the basic pathogenesis of the disease; therefore, the aim of the therapy is to treat organ-specific manifestations.

An ecological perspective on risk factors for repeat induced abortion in China

IntroductionRepeated induced abortion (RIA) is a challenging public health issue. Although many studies have investigated the characteristics of women who experience multiple abortions, most have focused only on limited intrapersonal variables. To frame the analysis, this study used an ecological model integrating intrapersonal, interpersonal and environmental variables to explore factors associated with RIA. MethodsSingle-site (Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hubei, China) cross-sectional data were collected from 405 women between July 2015 and November 2015 using a self-administered questionnaire. Characteristics of women who experienced only one abortion were compared to those who had RIA (≥2 abortions). ResultsAmong the 316 eligible women who completed the questionnaire, 110(34.8%) experienced one abortion, 206 (65.2%) experienced two or more. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed a higher odds of RIA among women who were older, reported earlier age at sexual debut and reported higher abortion frequency among close female friends. Factors appearing to protect against RIA included higher frequency of partner agreement to women’s contraceptive preference. ConclusionsAdapting an ecological perspective, this study examined social and environmental factors related to RIA. Our findings emphasize the importance of developing interventions that target both women and their male partner. Group norms relating to contraceptive use also need to be addressed to improve contraceptive use and reduce the risk of repeat abortions.

Rift Valley fever seroprevalence and abortion frequency among livestock of Kisoro district, South Western Uganda (2016): a prerequisite for zoonotic infection

BackgroundRift Valley fever (RVF) is classified as viral hemorrhagic fever and is endemic in East and West Africa. RVF is caused by an arthropod borne virus (RVFV); the disease is zoonotic and affects human, animal health as well as international trade. In livestock it causes abortions, while human infection occurs through close contact with infected animals or animal products.MethodsA quantitative observational study using stratified sampling was conducted in the western region of Uganda. Blood samples and abortion events from 1000 livestock (goats, sheep and cattle) was collected and recorded. Serum was analyzed for RVFV IgG reacting antibodies using competitive ELISA test.ResultsThe overall RVFV seroprevalence was of 10.4% (104/1000). Cattle had the highest seroprevalence (7%) followed by Sheep (2.2%) then goats (1.2%). Species specific RVFV seroprevalence was highest in cattle (20.5%) followed by sheep (6.8%) then goats (3.6%). RVFV seroprevalence in northern highlands (21.8%) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the southern lowlands (3.7%). Overall prevalence of abortion was (17.4%), sheep had the highest prevalence of abortion (7.8%) followed by goats (6.3%) and then cattle (3.3%). Species specific abortion prevalence was highest in Sheep (24.1%) followed by goats (18.8%) and then 9.7% in cattle.ConclusionRVFV is endemic in Kisoro district and livestock in the highland areas are more likely to be exposed to RVFV infection compared to those in the southern lowlands. Out breaks in livestock most likely will lead to zoonotic infection in Kisoro district.

The protein expression disorders of connexins (Cx26, Cx32 and Cx43)and keratin 8 in bovine placenta under the influence of DDT, DDE and PCBs.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabo- lite, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) can disturb the secretory function of the ovary and both contractions and secretory function of the uterus during the estrus cycle and pregnancy. Additionally, PCBs can pass through the placental barrier into allantoic and amniotic fluid. The presence of PCBs in these fluids is associated with higher frequency of spontaneous abortions and premature births in humans and animals. Therefore, the effect of PCBs, DDT and DDE on the connexins (Cx26, Cx32 and Cx43) and keratin 8 (KRT8) expression in bovine placentomes was investigated. The placentome slices from the second trimester of pregnancy were incubated with PCB153, 126, 77, DDT and DDE (each at doses of 1, 10 or 100 ng/ml) for 48 h. Then, the slices were stained using immunohistochemistry. The density of Cxs staining was measured with Axio- Vision Rel. 4.8 software in fetal-maternal connections and binuclear cells (BNC). None of the tested xenobiotics (XBs) affected the localization of Cxs and KRT8 in the fetal-maternal connec- tion area, but the XBs affected the density of Cxs in fetal-maternal connections and binuclear cells (BNCs). Depend on the doses, in fetal-maternal connections all used PCBs changed the protein expression of different Cxs, while in BNCs, all tested XBs except DDT increased the ex- pression of Cxs. None of investigated XBs affected on KRT8 expression. In summary, used XBs affect the expression of Cxs and change the quantitative relationships between them. Therefore, XBs can unfavorably influence function of the utero-placental barrier in cows.

Prevalence of seropositive toxoplasma cases in association with the frequency of abortion in sheep and goat

Toxoplasmosis are a serious public-health problem inhuman and animals especially in developing countries, it appear approximately thirty percent from all cases and have higher level of morbidity .At every stage of life the Toxoplasma gondii infections are a significant cause .The epidemiology and handling of this condition are various in the developing world, where infectious agents became predominate .This study was proceed during the period from March 2017 to August 2017 to detect Toxoplasma gondii in sheep and goat serum by characterize them using two assays Latex agglutination test and IgG and IgM Toxoplasmosis ELISA kits.A total of 74 sera samples were collected from sheep and goat from different ages ranged 6 month to 2.5 years old were achieved in different reign in AL- Najaf city / Iraq ,they suffered from endemic abortion and still birth. The overall prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in were32(62%),18(75%) by Latex agglutination test for sheep and goat, respectively, with non-significant variation (P&gt;0.05) between the two them ,The serum are arranged as follows in a total of 23 (71.8%) and 9 (28.2%)abortion and still birth of sheep ,respectively, and17(94.4%) 1(5.6%) aborted and still birth of goat ,respectively, with significant differences (P≤0.05) between the two them. Out of 32 serum positive of Toxoplasmosis in sheep by using Latex agglutination test, there were 23(71,9%) and 11(43,4%) positive serum by using IgG and IgM ELISA kits, respectively, On the other hand out of 18 toxoplasmosis parasite in goat have positive result in Latex agglutination test, there were 11(61,1%) and 6(33,3%) by using IgG and IgM ELISA kits, respectively, our study was accelerated due to endemic clinical abortion and instill birth for sheep and goat and narrowing functional range of molecular assays by time consumption, in this regard the aim of our study used two functional assay diagnosis Latex agglutination assay and ELISA techniques with increase the accuracy for the detection of the Toxoplasmosis in sheep and goat.

The prognostic role of thrombophilia in the treatment of infertility

Abstract Thrombophilia refers to a coagulation disorder that predisposes to thrombosis and thus increases the risk of thrombotic events. Both inherited and acquired thrombophilia are associated with vascular thrombosis and pregnancy-related complications, including infertility, recurrent miscarriage, and premature birth. Recently, thrombophilia has been increasingly encountered as an infertility factor, which gives the clinical relevance of the disease. The aim of the study was to investigate the prognostic role of thrombophilia in the treatment of infertility and the pregnancy of thrombophilic women during assisted reproduction procedures. Frequency of abortions increases and effectiveness of in vitro fertilization (IVF) decreases with age. Normal weight has a positive effect on assisted reproduction techniques (ART’s) outcome. Repeat IVF failure is more common in thrombophilia than in healthy women, and the “take home baby” ratio for IVF is 24%. Spontaneous abortion was most commonly observed in the PAI homozygous group followed by MTHFR homozygous mutation, MTHFR heterozygous mutation, and Factor V (Leiden) mutation. The most effective treatment was concomitant therapy with low molecular weight heparin and aspirin.

MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF INDUCED ABORTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN

Aim. The aim of the research is to consider the medical and social aspects of artificially terminating pregnancy in the Republic of Dagestan. Material and methods. To achieve this goal, we have created a database of the cases of artificial abortion in the Republic of Dagestan. Statistical processing of the results of the study was carried out using software packages like STATISTICA and Excel. Results. The total number of abortions for the study period was 157526 cases, of which 26% of cases were spontaneous abortions, 8.9% of cases were abortions for medical reasons. During the period under review, there was an increase in the number of spontaneous abortions and abortions due to medical indications by 170% and 108.6%, respectively. There is the prevalence of abortions of the pregnancy of up to 12 weekperiod, including mini-abortions, the average percentage of the total number of abortions for the study period was 90%. In the Republic of Dagestan, the average annual intensive standardized abortion rate was 14.67 cases per 1,000 women of childbearing age women of childbearing age (WCA). And among the urban population, this number is higher, and amounted to 25.57 ‰ against 6.25 ‰ in rural areas. The highest values of the average long-term intensive frequency of abortions are observed in the cities of Kizilyurt, Derbent, Makhachkala, Kaspiisk; in the countrysides: Dakhadayevsky, Tarumovsky, Laksky and Babaurtovsky districts. Conclusion. The problem of abortion, despite the steady tendency to reduce their number, still needs to be solved because it is the leading cause of maternal death in Russia, inflammatory diseases of the genitals, infertility, and it also adversely affects the course of subsequent pregnancies and births, increasing the frequency miscarriage, maternal and perinatal pathology.