French Tourist Research Articles

Israel Poems

I. In the desertThereis nothing in the desertnot even a grain of sandjust the bands of eons written in the rockthere is nothing in the desert—save the pain of the prophetshaggard, limping it climbs the cliffsthere is nothing in the desert—save the Bedouinsblack goats grazing in dried-up riverbeds.May 1991II. JerusalemAlways white and gold—blood that's spilled heredoesn't leave a markon the whitest stone.Eight gatesthrough which will he enteron donkey or helicopterwhen they arise from the Mount of Oliveswho will know them and who will believe?Meanwhile a run-in and short stepsVenetian blinds are closed—a strike.Here a French tourist got itwith a knife.And there, beneath the Wall,an eternal cry.June 1991III. The Children's Hall in the Museum of Martyrdom Yad Vashem in JerusalemSo this is how my cousins’ grave lookshere in this earth they never sawthe nameless memory after them restshere they found a gravewherever they diedin Lwów in Krakówwhere their father's fatherhad been bornwhere their dismaymelted off in smokedripped into the groundwhere their boyish tracks like rainwere washed away by streams of obliviontheir namesreturn here on an echo.June 1991IV. Another about JerusalemUnder the wallover the wallbehind the wallsame crysame fearsame painbut only us in numbersand as many old splinters in the handas dried sobs in the larynx.31 August 1991V. To a Friend in HaifaMediterranean Sea in the windowand who needs morewhy does the North return—Arcadia austerewhy herewhere every bud takes rootstill you're like a seedthat fell on stone.June 1991VI. With this songA forgotten hit from the old daysSzczecin's white seagullthrew us back to that worldput us back on the scentof forgotten alleys and gardens.Who was innocentwho believed in innocencewho pretended to be innocent— white seagull you alone stayed innocentwith the chaste purity of kitschWhite seagull fly with this songto your native land so far—both of us sang in Haifia.Wherever the seagull's flownfrom socialism's pop chartswe've flown fartherfartherwith this song.July 20, 1991VII. CaesareaIs it possiblethat in the very placewhere Herod peedJews and Romanswhere the Crusaders bravely took a leakthe Turkish sultan, the sultan's horseswe, watching the remains of ancient wallsare peeing too?June 1991Editor's note: The cycle “Wiersze izraelskie” [Israel poems] was originally published in Anna Frajlich, Ogrodem i ogrodzeniem (Warsaw: Czytelnik, 1993).

Journeys to polyglotism: a case study of French, Spanish, and Japanese tourist guides

The study aimed at discovering the process through which three tourist guides of French, Spanish, and Japanese acquired different foreign languages. The data was taken through in-depth interviews to explore the motivation that drove their language learning, the language interference, the technique they used to self-teach themselves the language, and their immersion in the language’s native country. The recorded interviews were then transcribed and analyzed through data reduction, data display, and verification drawing. The results were then given to the subjects to ensure trustworthiness and to verify the researcher’s interpretation of the interview. The study found that 1) one of the most crucial factors of language learning success was strong motivation, which led to consistency and risk-taking attitude; 2) a significant growth of language mastery took place when the subjects spent extended time in the language’s native country; 3) both formal classroom instruction and informal independent learning were essential for their language improvement; 4) the subjects proactively consulted the native speakers to improve their vocabulary inventory, to correct inaccuracies or to gain new language expressions; and 5) due to the different nature of the languages they were learning, each subject had a diverse view on grammar and language interference. In pedagogical implication, teachers could foster students’ willingness to learn with either instrumental motivation, i.e. by raising awareness of the benefit of foreign language ability, or with integrative motivation, i.e. by raising students’ interest in the culture or people whose language was being studied. Besides, language learners, or language teachers, might reflect on this research to complement formal-classroom learning with a large degree of informal-independent learning.

Pengembangan Produk Wisata Berbasis Kharakteristik Wisatawan Prancis di PT. Karang Bali Asli (KBA) Tur Denpasar

<p>Based on the data from the Bali Provincial Tourism Office in 2018, the number of French tourist visits to Bali continues to increase every year, even in 2018 it occupies the seventh position from the top ten suppliers of tourists to Bali. This condition is inseparable from the role of the Travel Agency in Bali, which always innovates and develops tourism products that suit the needs and characteristics of tourists. One of the Travel Agencies that focuses on working on the French tourist market is PT. Karang Bali Asli (KBA) Tour Denpasar which has been operating since 1999. This study examines three problems, namely: (1) What are the tourist characteristics-based products of French tourists offered by PT. KBA Tour ?; (2) What is the perception of French tourists on tourism products offered by PT. KBA Tour ?; and (3) How is the development of tourism products based on the characteristics of French tourists at PT. KBA Tour? This research is a qualitative research, with methods of collecting data through observation, in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and literature studies. The theory used was the Marketing Mix Theory and Perception Theory. The results of the study show that: (1) In general, tourism products offered by PT. KBA Tour Denpasar are interactive tourism products or tourism products that create intractions between tourists with the local community, as well as tourism products that create interaction between tourists and the natural environment; (2) The perception of French tourists on tourism products offered by PT. KBA Tur, shows positive (good) values for the four indicators in the Marketing Mix theory, namely: Product, Price, Place, and Promotion; (3) Business development of tourism products based on the characteristics of French tourists at PT. KBA Tur can be carried out as expected because of the synergy and support of the local community, company employees, and feedback and input from the tourists themselves, so that the tourism products offered by PT. KBA Tur are very popular with tourists and can be sustainable.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: Development, Tourism Products, Tourist Characteristics.</p>

Créativité lexicale du discours touristique

espanolEl objetivo de este articulo es analizar los procedimientos descriptivos utilizados en las guias turisticas francesas. Tomando varias guias turisticas Guide du Routard, Voyager pratique y Petit Fute, proponemos describir las especificidades de este tipo de discurso donde se mezclan subtipos discursivos como el cientifico (descripcion de las partes de los monumentos), popular (expresiones popularizadas para acercarse a los lectores de vacaciones) y el literario (metaforas, adjetivos). En la segunda parte de nuestro estudio presentaremos las unidades sintagmaticas especificas para el discurso turistico. Nuestro analisis tiene como objetivo elevar el nivel de expresion entre los estudiantes y los guias turisticos proponiendo opciones linguisticas de diferentes subtipos discursivos. EnglishThe purpose of this article is to analyse the descriptive procedures used in French tourist guides. By taking several tourist guides the Guide du Routard, Voyager pratique and Petit Fute we propose to describe the specificities of this type of discourse where mix discursive subtypes such as scientific (description of the parts of monuments), popular (popularized expressions to approach readers on holiday) and literary (metaphors, adjectives). In the second part of our study, we present the specific syntagmatic units for the tourist discourse. Our analysis aims to raise the level of expression among learners and tourist guides by proposing language choices from different discursive subtypes.

Comprehension of specifics of lyricism in Ukrainian and French songs as a component of work with the students-vocalists of Popular Music and Jazz specialization

Comprehension of specifics of lyricism in Ukrainian and French songs as a component of work with the students-vocalists of Popular Music and Jazz specialization

Adapting English for the specific purpose of tourism: A study of communication strategies in face-to-face encounters in a French tourist office

L’objectif de cet article est de proposer un premier pas vers l’étude de l’anglais du tourisme international. Le tourisme constitue l’une des plus grandes industries du monde mais l’exploitation de l’anglais par des locuteurs non-natifs dans des interactions en face-à-face dans ce contexte reste relativement peu explorée. Cet article vise à montrer comment les locuteurs co-construisent du sens en anglais. Ce travail s’appuie sur l’analyse de données interactionnelles issues d’un travail de terrain ethnographique entrepris à l’Office de tourisme et des congrès de Marseille (France). Il apparaît que les locuteurs emploient certaines stratégies discursives et pragmatiques afin d’élaborer un terrain d’entente nécessaire pour l’intercompréhension. Trois stratégies dominent – la co-construction d’énoncés, la répétition et la reformulation – et elles contribuent en outre à la co-construction du sens et à l’élaboration pratique et sémiotique de l’expérience touristique. Ces résultats sont enfin appliqués à la recherche en anglais de spécialité et à de possibles applications pédagogiques.

Health Seeking Behaviour in Stress Management A Case Study of French Tourist Community in Kangra, Himachal Pradesh

Health Seeking Behaviour in Stress Management A Case Study of French Tourist Community in Kangra, Himachal Pradesh

Technique Used in Translating Balinese Tradition Terms into French

This paper aims to analyses the technique used in translating Balinese Tradition terms into French found in the Tourism Promotion Book of Bali Government Tourism Department. This book was published every year as one of the important device to promote Bali abroad especially to the French tourist. This paper is also to figure out whether there is loss and gain of information or skewing in conveying the meaning of the terms. The technique of translating from Harvey (2003) was applied to analyze the Cultural-bounded Terms and also the Theory from Nida (1974) was used as supporting theory.The findings showed that all translation technique are used in translating Balinese tradition and society terms, those are functional equivalence, formal equivalence, transcription or borrowing, and descriptive translation. Borrowing was mostly used by the translator in order to avoid skewing and to retain the SL meaning in the TL. The analysis also found that in the process of translating cultural terms, loss and gain, and skewing of information occurred often and need more some revision to gain a better understanding about the terms.Keywords: Translation, equivalence, Balinese terms, French

Touristic image of Egypt to the French tourist

Touristic image of Egypt to the French tourist

Traditional food and tourism: French tourist experience and food heritage in rural spaces

Tourist interest in different food cultures is a factor for local development in the fields of agro-food and crafts, whilst also contributing to the enhancement of food culture and heritage. As part of the tourist experience, eating local cuisine is a way of breaking with standardised, everyday routine by taking the tourist off into unknown culinary realms. This distancing from daily life is already possible in the home country through eating exotic food at home, or in so-called 'ethnic' restaurants. It takes on another dimension when travelling. This paper therefore aims to examine the role of food and eating in the tourist experience. To be more precise, we shall first attempt to assess its importance in visitors' representations, notably as a motive for travel, or in the images deployed regarding eating and drinking during their stay, as they relate to perceptions of the place visited. As well as studying tourist food perceptions, we shall also examine tourist behaviour as regards food purchase and consumption, together with behaviour relating to food souvenirs.

Beyond the Margins: Identity Fragmentation in Visual Representation in Michel Tournier’s La Goutte d’or

In the final scene of Michel Tournier’s postcolonial novel La Goutte d’or (1986), the protagonist, Idriss, shatters the glass of a Cristobal & Co. storefront window while operating a jackhammer in the working-class Parisian neighbourhood on the Rue de la Goutte d’or. Glass fragments fly everywhere as the Parisian police arrive. In La Goutte d’or, Tournier explores the identity construction of Idriss through a discussion of the role that visual images play in the development of a twentieth-century consciousness of the “Other.” At the beginning of the novel, a French tourist takes a photograph of Idriss during her visit to the Sahara. The boy’s quest to reclaim his stolen image leads him from the Sahara to Marseille, and finally to the Rue de la Goutte d’or in Paris. The Rue de la Goutte d’or remains one the most cosmopolitan neighbourhoods of the city. In Tournier’s novel, the goutte d’or also corresponds to a symbolic object: a Berber jewel. It is the jewel that Idriss brings with him, but which he also subsequently loses upon his arrival in Marseille. From the very moment that the French tourist photographs him, a marginalization of Idriss’s identity occurs. Marginality, quite literally, refers to the spatial property of a location in which something is situated. Figuratively speaking, marginality suggests something that is on the edges or at the outer limits of social acceptability. In this essay, I explore the construction of the marginalized postcolonial self (the “Other”) through an examination of the function of visual representation in the development of a postcolonial identity in La Goutte d’or. In the end, I conclude that the construction of a postcolonial identity is based upon fragmentation and marginalization, which ultimately leads its subject to create an identity based upon false constructions.

Imported Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria in a French Tourist Returning from Thailand

We report a case of imported Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in a French tourist following a vacation in Thailand. This case shows, first, tourists may contract knowlesi malaria even only staying on the beach and second, the diagnosis remains difficult, even with polymerase chain reaction methods.

Managing impartiality in French tourist offices: Responses to recommendation-seeking questions

This article examines the ways in which French tourist officers manage impartiality in telephone calls when faced with recommendation-seeking questions (RSQs). Using Conversation Analysis and drawing on a corpus of 700+ telephone calls, it shows that, by typically avoiding conforming responses, officers resist confirming the evaluative element embodied in RSQs and, thus, avoid making recommendations. Instead, they opt to treat the questions as unanswerable in their own terms, a practice that may be deployed on its own or in conjunction with other practices such as supplying information that will assist callers in making their choices and/or constructing responses as contingent. Further, officers typically do not decline to make recommendations on institutional grounds and, through their choices of interactional practices, obscure the institutional restrictions under which they operate. Thus, the selection of nonconforming responses by tourist officers is shown to contribute to the maintenance of an impartial stance. Finally, the article addresses the notions of affiliation and alignment and shows that nonconforming responses are less disaffiliative than outright rejections.

Infection with Mayaro virus in a French traveller returning from the Amazon region, Brazil, January, 2010

Mayaro virus (MAYV) disease is a mosquito-borne zoonosis endemic in humid forests of tropical South America. MAYV is closely related to other alphaviruses that produce a dengue-like illness accompanied by long-lasting arthralgia. A French tourist developed high-grade fever and severe joint manifestations following a 15-day trip in the Amazon basin, Brazil, and was diagnosed with MAYV infection in January 2010. This case is the first reported in a traveller returning from an endemic South American country to Europe.

Contemporary travel to Vietnam: Jean-Luc Coatalem's Suite indochinoise and Kim Lefèvre's Retour à la saison des pluies

Aiming to provide a practical illustration of Edward Said's theorisation of ‘contrapuntal reading’, this article will read Jean-Luc Coatalem's Suite indochinoise (1993) as a counterpoint to Kim Lefèvre's Retour à la saison des pluies (1995). Both texts depict journeys from France to Vietnam. However, whilst Coatalem's narrative recounts his journey as a French tourist and travel writer, Lefèvre's text represents her journey as a Franco-Vietnamese exile ‘returning home’. Reading these texts ‘contrapuntally’ will enable a mutual illumination of discrepant, yet intertwined, European and non-European histories of French colonialism and the journeys on which this depended. It will show how the postcolonial journey of a Franco-Vietnamese female subject renegotiates the semantic field of travel at a particular historical moment, thus enabling a re-reading of contemporary travel literature in French, and foregrounding the possibility–for travellers habitually defined as ‘French’ or ‘Francophone’–of reciprocal, non-hierarchical dialogue between specific, yet interconnected, cultures.

A case of gnathostomiasis in a European traveller returning from Mexico

Hundreds of human cases of gnathostomiasis have recently been reported from Mexico, where the disease is becoming a public health problem. We report a case of gnathostomiasis in a French tourist returning from Mexico. Tourists travelling in endemic countries are at risk of gnathostomiasis and should be advised about the risks of eating raw fish as a suspected source of infection.

Limits to Tourism? A Backcasting Scenario for Sustainable Tourism Mobility in 2050

The aim of this paper is to examine what tourism and leisure would be possible for the French under the constraint of diminishing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) by a factor 4, through building a backcasting scenario. To this aim, a model of French tourist flows was constructed, split according to distance, modes of transport and a typology of behavioural patterns and calibrated for year 2000. By applying emission factors to each mode of transport the model yields GHG emissions. In a second step the drivers of tourism and leisure development were considered (demographics, the economy, security, technology, lifestyles) and their prospects for the future. These prospects were introduced into the model. It needed several iterations to obtain a picture of French tourism in 2050 that is compatible with the emissions goal and within which, what is deemed a socially acceptable level of mobility is maintained.

Ciprofloxacin-resistantSalmonellaKentucky in Travelers

Ciprofloxacin-resistant<i>Salmonella</i>Kentucky in Travelers

China in French Tourist Industry Discourse: From Orientalist Imaginary to Chinese Postmodernity

Cette étude discute des représentations contradictoires de la Chine imaginaire telle qu’elle est inventée par le discours touristique français : la représentation orientaliste traditionnelle d’une Chine mythique réifiée et intemporelle d’un côté, et la prise en compte, de plus en plus flagrante, non seulement d’une Chine moderne mais aussi contemporaine de l’autre. L’évocation récurrente par le discours touristique d’une Chine au présent, ambitieuse et agissante, n’est-elle cependant pas susceptible de déconstruire l’imaginaire orientaliste d’une Chine a-historique telle que la présentent les voyagistes ? Nous postulons que le discours touristique négocie cette contradiction par l’insistance qu’il met à donner une dimension postmoderne à la Chine. Adaptant leurs produits aux nouvelles réalités chinoises, les voyagistes substituent un “Orient postmoderne” à l’ancienne représentation d’un “Orient passé” : la condition chinoise serait celle d’une “postmodernité orientale”, un monde de l’éternel présent, sans histoire mais contemporain. Ils vendent à leurs clients l’utopie d’un monde apaisé, une modernité sans rupture qui n’aurait pas bouleversé les pratiques et cultures locales traditionnelles.

Clusters of travel associated legionnaires' disease in France, September 2001- August 2003.

Clusters of travel associated legionnaires' disease warrant urgent attention, and are detected by the French national surveillance system and the European network EWGLINET. Between September 2001 and August 2003, 37 clusters were identified in French tourist accommodation: 27 hotels and 10 campsites. The number of clinical cases per cluster was as follows: 30 clusters of 2 cases (81%), 6 clusters of 3 cases (16%) and one cluster of 4 cases (3%), a total of 82 cases. The local health authorities performed environmental investigations for 36 of the 37 clusters. Among the 36 clusters investigated, water samples were collected for 35. At 16 (46%) sites, Legionella pneumophila was found at a level of more than 103 cfu/litre. In all of the accommodation where risk assessment was found to be inadequate- control measures were implemented immediately. Six hotels were closed immediately following cluster alerts. Comparison of clinical and environmental isolates by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was possible in 3 clusters and identical genomic profiles of the isolates were found in all. During this two year period of surveillance, we found that on many sites there has been a risk of exposure to Legionella. This reinforces the importance of the European surveillance network and the timely notifications of all the cases to EWGLINET.