Java Framework Research Articles

Artificial intelligent environments: Risk management and quality assurance implementation

This research not only elaborates literature on AI techniques for risks management but also proposes a new Neuro-Fuzzy workflow process for mitigating identified software risks. This Neuro-Fuzzy process considers high accuracy levels by training the system with Bayesian regulation approach and Fuzzy logic to construct the fuzzy inference system. The proposed workflow may be implemented by MATLAB or Java Frameworks. The authors have implemented the benchmarking of AI softwares for quantitative performance analysis of the competing products as per technology. The intelligent vendor collects all the metrices of the application by scanning its code and donates them anonymously to its customers across the globe. The organizations use these metrices to benchmark their application against particular technology, application properties and the business drivers. The implementation results of the benchmarking process assists in software robustness and defect probability estimation to assure the software quality. The paper contributes in providing a strong foundation for developing new models, techniques and tools for software quality assurance in AI environments by establishing correlation among risk management and quality assurance in AI environments .

Seamless development in Java of distributed real-time systems using actors

The work described in this paper is concerned with a model-driven development of distributed real-time systems, like cyber-physical systems. A challenge in such systems' development consists of ensuring that a final implementation is compliant with its model used for functional and temporal property checking. In particular, a modern Java framework called Theatre is described which enables the modelling, analysis and synthesis of distributed real-time systems in a way which preserves such compliance. Theatre is based on the paradigm of actors, that is highly modular and encapsulated software entities which communicate with each other by asynchronous message-passing. Theatre rests on lightweight actors regulated by a customisable reflective control layer. Key features of Theatre are its support to seamless application development and timing predictability. The same model can be developed, without distortions, from early analysis through design and to a series of implementations. The paper describes Theatre and demonstrates its application to the development of a distributed dependable real-time system. Both modelling and property checking by simulation and real-time prototyping are illustrated. Theatre's current level of maturity and practical implementation in Java are detailed.

Seamless development in Java of distributed real-time systems using actors

The work described in this paper is concerned with a model-driven development of distributed real-time systems, like cyber-physical systems. A challenge in such systems' development consists of ensuring that a final implementation is compliant with its model used for functional and temporal property checking. In particular, a modern Java framework called Theatre is described which enables the modelling, analysis and synthesis of distributed real-time systems in a way which preserves such compliance. Theatre is based on the paradigm of actors, that is highly modular and encapsulated software entities which communicate with each other by asynchronous message-passing. Theatre rests on lightweight actors regulated by a customisable reflective control layer. Key features of Theatre are its support to seamless application development and timing predictability. The same model can be developed, without distortions, from early analysis through design and to a series of implementations. The paper describes Theatre and demonstrates its application to the development of a distributed dependable real-time system. Both modelling and property checking by simulation and real-time prototyping are illustrated. Theatre's current level of maturity and practical implementation in Java are detailed.

Scalarizing functions in solving multi-objective problem-an evolutionary approach

<p><span>Scalarizing functions had long been observed for optimization of multi-objective problems. Scalarizing functions on multi-objective problem along with Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm variants had been used to analyze the effect of scalarizing functions. The main purpose is to find the better scalarizing function which can be applied for optimization. The effective solution of the multi-objective problem depends on the various factors like the DE algorithm and the scalarizing functions used. Multi objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) framework in java had been used for performing the analysis. The Obtained results showed that Tchebysheff scalarization function performs better than the other scalarizing functions on various indicator functions used.</span></p>

JCLEC-MO: A Java suite for solving many-objective optimization engineering problems

Although metaheuristics have been widely recognized as efficient techniques to solve real-world optimization problems, implementing them from scratch remains difficult for domain-specific experts without programming skills. In this scenario, metaheuristic optimization frameworks are a practical alternative as they provide a variety of algorithms composed of customized elements, as well as experimental support. Recently, many engineering problems require to optimize multiple or even many objectives, increasing the interest in appropriate metaheuristic algorithms and frameworks that might integrate new specific requirements while maintaining the generality and reusability principles they were conceived for. Based on this idea, this paper introduces JCLEC-MO, a Java framework for both multi- and many-objective optimization that enables engineers to apply, or adapt, a great number of multi-objective algorithms with little coding effort. A case study is developed and explained to show how JCLEC-MO can be used to address many-objective engineering problems, often requiring the inclusion of domain-specific elements, and to analyze experimental outcomes by means of conveniently connected R utilities.

Astor: Exploring the design space of generate-and-validate program repair beyond GenProg

This article contributes to defining the design space of program repair. Repair approaches can be loosely characterized according to the main design philosophy, in particular “generate- and-validate” and synthesis-based approaches. Each of those repair approaches is a point in the design space of program repair. Our goal is to facilitate the design, development and evaluation of repair approaches by providing a framework that: a) contains components commonly present in most approaches, b) provides built-in implementations of existing repair approaches. This paper presents a Java framework named Astor that focuses on the design space of generate-and-validate repair approaches. The key novelty of Astor is to provides explicit extension points to explore the design space of program repair. Thanks to those extension points, researchers can both reuse existing program repair components and implement new ones. Astor includes 6 unique implementations of repair approaches in Java, including GenProg for Java called jGenProg. Researchers have already defined new approaches over Astor. The implementations of program repair approaches built already available in Astor are capable of repairing, in total, 98 real bugs from 5 large Java programs. Astor code is publicly available on Github: https://github.com/SpoonLabs/astor.

A Geospatial Application Framework for Directional Relations

Geographic data analysis is based on the use of spatial relations as a means of selecting and processing geometric data associated with geographic features. Starting from 1990, topological relations have been recognized as fundamental criteria in geographic data processing, leaving out other kinds of spatial relations, such as directional relations. The latter ones, despite having quite an important role in geospatial applications, have been developed as theoretical models but very little implemented in systems. We refer in this paper to the 5-intersection model for expressing projective relations that can be used to implement directional relations in various frames of reference. We design an application framework in Java and use the framework for answering various categories of queries involving directions. We finally outline how to use the framework for validating the cognitive adequacy of relations with user tests.

Study of oscillatory motion using smartphones and tracker software

The purpose of this contribution is to propose a workshop for acquiring data through the use of a smartphone, not necessarily high end, equipped with a camera and the required application installed. With a smartphone and the free Physics Toolbox application, it is possible to study the oscillatory motion of both simple and vertical pendulums. This is possible by measuring the components of acceleration on the three axes by means of a reading from the internal accelerometers of the smartphone. The vertical motion of the pendulum brings to light the concept of elasticity. Thanks to the Tracker software it is possible to study the damped oscillatory motion of a moving body on a semi-circular drive through the video analysis of the motion itself. Tracker is a free video analysis and modelling tool built on the Open Source Physics Java framework. Given the simplicity of the acquisition procedure and data analysis it is possible to study the motion of circular bodies of different sizes and materials in a short amount of time. The activity relating the vertical motion of the pendulum study also allows for the comparison between the classical procedure, using a stopwatch and both proposals procedures, using smartphones and Tracker. The analysis of subsequent data acquisition must be carried out using standard spreadsheet calculations by introducing the concept of error and the techniques to make it as small as possible. The use of the new widespread technologies allows students to approach the physical concepts even outside of a classic laboratory. The ease of use and low cost allow any school environment to propose activities to the entire class by offering more contemporary workstations and organizing groups of a few students.

PEMILIHAN FRAMEWORK APLIKASI WEB BERBASIS JAVA MENGGUNAKAN ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)

Currently, many web application frameworks that available in the internet, we know from wikipedia that more than 20 java frameworks for developing web application. Frameworks is a developed base of related design or related architecture. A framework provides a set of libraries or classes that used by us to developing a web application, they will cooperate each others to accomplish certain tasks in the intended domain [SCHWABE 2001]. Decision makers can choose application frameworks that can be implemented in information system development. In this research writer will examine features in framework Java server faces, Struts, and Spring MVC with using ISO 9126 for getting criteria in choosing framework. This research will compare hierarchically with approaching Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Finally, from the result of this research we got the best alternatif from Java framework. The best java framework is Java Framework Spring MVC in comparison of Java Framework Java Server Faces and Java Framework Struts. So, it is very clear that Java Framework Spring MVC is the best framework which supported in developing information system.

PEMILIHAN FRAMEWORK APLIKASI WEB BERBASIS JAVA MENGGUNAKAN ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)

Abstract - Currently, many web application frameworks that available in the internet, we know from wikipedia that more than 20 java frameworks for developing web application. Frameworks is a developed base of related design or related architecture. A framework provides a set of libraries or classes that used by us to developing a web application, they will cooperate each others to accomplish certain tasks in the intended domain [SCHWABE 2001]. Decision makers can choose application frameworks that can be implemented in information system development. In this research writer will examine features in framework Java server faces, Struts, and Spring MVC with using ISO 9126 for getting criteria in choosing framework. This research will compare hierarchically with approaching Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Finally, from the result of this research we got the best alternatif from Java framework. The best java framework is Java Framework Spring MVC in comparison of Java Framework Java Server Faces and Java Framework Struts. So, it is very clear that Java Framework Spring MVC is the best framework which supported in developing information system. Keyword : Framework, Java Server Faces, Spring MVC, ISO 9126, Analytical Hierarchy Process

In Container Integration Testing Frame Work

In Container Integration testing framework is a combination of four open source technologies. Arquillian, Test NG, JaCoCo, and Maven. The aim of this work is to deals with automating the code using JaCoCo. JaCoCo is a Java framework calculates code coverage. It find’s the amount of code coverage in each lines of module that has been executed or missed and finally it will be deploy to wild fly server in the user matrix project source container.The main idea behind developing in this automation testing framework is able to test server side components developed using Java. The tests will be such that they will run in the container/application server (e.g. Wild Fly) where the server side component (e.g. test1) is deployed and because of that the tests will be able to use all the real resources (e.g. EJB etc.) provided by the container instead of mocking them.[1]Web Service Description Language (WSDL) specification, we first automatically generate necessary Java code to implement a client. We then leverage automated unit test generation tools for Java to generate unit tests, and execute the generated unit tests, which in turn invoke the service under test. The next important objective is to calculate amount of code covered by the test cases.

Two-dimensional fracture modeling with the generalized/extended finite element method: An object-oriented programming approach

This work presents an object-oriented implementation of the G/XFEM to model the crack nucleation and propagation in structures made of either linear or nonlinear materials. A discontinuous function along with the asymptotic crack-tip displacement fields are used to represent the crack without explicitly meshing its surfaces. Different approach are explained in detail that are used to capture the crack nucleation within the model and also determine the crack propagation path for various problems. Stress intensity factor and singularity of the localization tensor (which provides the classical strain localization condition) can be used to determine the crack propagation direction for linear elastic materials and nonlinear material models, respectively. For nonlinear material model, the cohesive forces acting on the crack plane are simulated in the enrichment process by incorporating a discrete constitutive model. Several algorithms and strategies have been implemented, within an object-oriented framework in Java, called INSANE. This implementation will be presented in detail by solving different two-dimensional problems, for both linear and nonlinear material models, in order to show the robustness and accuracy of the proposed method. The numerical results are compared with the reference solutions from the analytical, numerical or experimental results, where applicable.

Code smells for Model-View-Controller architectures

Previous studies have shown the negative effects that low-quality code can have on maintainability proxies, such as code change- and defect-proneness. One of the symptoms of low-quality code are code smells, defined as sub-optimal implementation choices. While this definition is quite general and seems to suggest a wide spectrum of smells that can affect software systems, the research literature mostly focuses on the set of smells defined in the catalog by Fowler and Beck, reporting design issues that can potentially affect any kind of system, regardless of their architecture (e.g., Complex Class). However, systems adopting a specific architecture (e.g., the Model-View-Controller pattern) can be affected by other types of poor practices that only manifest themselves in the chosen architecture. We present a catalog of six smells tailored to MVC applications and defined by surveying/interviewing 53 MVC developers. We validate our catalog from different perspectives. First, we assess the relationship between the defined smells and the code change- and defect-proneness. Second, we investigate when these smells are introduced and how long they survive. Third, we survey 21 developers to verify their perception of the defined smells. Fourth, since our catalog has been mainly defined together with developers adopting a specific Java framework in their MVC applications (e.g., Spring), we interview four expert developers working with different technologies for the implementation of their MVC applications to check the generalizability of our catalog. The achieved results show that the defined Web MVC smells (i) more often than not, have more chances of being subject to changes and defects, (ii) are mostly introduced when the affected file (i.e., the file containing the smell) is committed for the first time in the repository and survive for long time in the system, (iii) are perceived by developers as severe problems, and (iv) generalize to other languages/frameworks.

CREATION OF IT-ORIENTED ONTOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS ON THE BASE OF COMPETENCIES

Purpose. Taking into account the expansion of computing application scopes there is a need to identify the links and features of the constantly emerging professional competencies of the new sections of computing knowledge to improve the process of forming new curricula. Methodology. Authors propose the new approach aimed to build specialized knowledge bases generated using artificial intelligence technology and focused on the use of multiple heterogeneous resources or data sources on specific educational topics is proposed. As a tool, ensuring the formation of the base ontology the Protégé 4.2 ontology editor is used. As one of the modules of the developed system of semantic analysis, which provides access to ontology and the possibility of its processing, the Apache Jena Java framework should be used, which forms the software environment for working with data in RDF, RDFS and OWL formats, and also supports the ability to form queries to Ontologies in the SPARQL language. The peculiarity of this approach is the binding of information resources of the three-platform presentation of the disciplinary structure in the context of identifying the links of professional competencies. Findings. The model and structure of the IT-oriented ontological framework designed to ensure the components convergence of the university three-platform information and communication environment are developed. The structure of the knowledge base ontology-basis, describing the main essence of the educational standards of the "Information Technologies" branch is formed. Originality. Within the framework of design and formation of the knowledge sector disciplinary structure "Information Technologies" in the context of the competence approach to education, the architecture of the competence descriptors of semantic analysis system is proposed. It implements the algorithm for integrating the ontological and product models of knowledge representation about the subject domain. Practical value. The proposed approach allows systematizing the content, structure and connections of the information technologies field components for adjusting the range of competences formed in the development of educational programs for training IT specialists at the University, taking into account the growth of the field of computing.

ALGORITHMIC DESIGN TO MITIGATE RISKS BY NEURO- FUZZY TECHNIQUES

The heart of research aims to develop an algorithmic paradigm for risk mitigation in software projects by using Neuro-Fuzzy techniques. We have identified the requirements for developing the prototype of required tool which will help in determining the risk level of the project. Various approaches of Artificial Intelligence have been discussed in detail for risk assessment and mitigation in past . The algorithm that has been designed can be implemented using MATLAB or Java Frame works. The system utilizes Fuzzy logic to build the fuzzy inference system which focuses on the production of the membership function which is used for the Fuzzification and Defuzzification process. The training of system is done by using back propagation and Bayesian regulation approach of the neural networks. Neuro-Fuzzy technique has been applied to analyze the risk for dealing with uncertainty and incomplete specifications. The performance can have better results for neuro fuzzy model if we use Bayesian regulation approach as compare to the Back propagation because of low prediction capabilities in Back propagation.

Accelerating Apache Spark with FPGAs

SummaryApache Spark has become one of the most popular engines for big data processing. Spark provides a platform‐independent, high‐abstraction programming paradigm for large‐scale data processing by leveraging the Java framework. Though it provides software portability across various machines, Java also limits the performance of distributed environments, such as Spark. While it may be unrealistic to rewrite platforms like Spark in a faster language, a more viable approach to mitigate its poor performance is to accelerate the computations while still working within the Java‐based framework. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of incorporating Field‐Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) acceleration into Spark and presents the performance benefits and bottlenecks of our FPGA‐accelerated Spark environment using a MapReduce implementation of the k‐means clustering algorithm, to show that acceleration is possible even when using a hardware platform that is not well optimized for performance. An important feature of our approach is that the use of FPGAs is completely transparent to the user through the use of library functions, which is a common way by which users access functions provided by Spark. Power users can further develop other computations using high‐level synthesis.

Java framework for parametric aircraft design – ground performance

PurposeThis paper aims to introduce the take-off and landing performance analysis modules of the software library named Java toolchain of Programs for Aircraft Design (JPAD), dedicated to the aircraft preliminary design. An overview of JPAD is also presented.Design/methodology/approachThe calculation of the take-off and landing distances has been implemented using a simulation-based approach. This expects to solve an appropriate set of ordinary differential equations, which describes the aircraft equations of motion during all the take-off and landing phases. Tests upon two aircraft models (ATR72 and B747-100B) have been performed to compare the obtained output with the performance data retrieved from the related flight manuals.FindingsThe tool developed has proven to be very reliable and versatile, as it performs the calculation of the required performance with almost no computational effort and with a good accuracy, providing a less than the 5 per cent difference with respect to the statistical trend and a difference from the flight manual or public brochure data around 10 per cent.Originality/valueThe use of a simulation-based approach to have a more accurate estimation of the ground performance with respect to classic semi-empirical equations. Although performing the simulation of the aircraft motion, the approach shown is very time-saving and can be easily implemented in an optimization cycle.

A robust reconfiguration protocol for the dynamic update of component‐based software systems

SummaryThis paper focuses on the dynamic reconfiguration of component‐based software systems. From a structural point of view, such systems are made of components linked together through their provided and required services, the code of components being defined by modules (e.g., jar files). Today, the ability to reconfigure component‐based systems at runtime faces limitations. Some component frameworks allow to dynamically reconfigure components – starting or stopping them, or changing how they are wired together for instance – but forbid any dynamic evolution of the modules defining their code. Other frameworks allow to dynamically update modules but at the cost of loosing control on component wires, preventing software architects or tools alike to decide how components are wired together. In this paper, we propose a component framework that addresses these limitations through a unified approach for the management of components and modules. Our approach uniquely enables to reconfigure both components and modules at runtime, without restrictions. We prototyped the proposed framework in Java and exercised various dynamic reconfigurations of component‐based systems. Furthermore, we formalized this framework and proved the correctness of its reconfiguration protocol with the Coq proof assistant. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

JTabWb: a Java Framework for Implementing Terminating Sequent and Tableau Calculi

JTabWb is a Java framework for developing provers based on terminating sequent or tableau calculi. It provides a generic engine which performs proof-search driven by a user-defined specification. The user is required to define the components of a prover by implementing suitable Java interfaces. The implemented provers can be used as standalone applications or embedded in other Java applications. The framework also supports proof-trace generation, LTEX rendering of proofs and counter-model generation.

CollabRDL: A language to coordinate collaborative reuse

Coordinating software reuse activities is a complex problem when considering collaborative software development. This is mainly motivated due to the difficulty in specifying how the artifacts and the knowledge produced in previous projects can be applied in future ones. In addition, modern software systems are developed in group working in separate geographical locations. Therefore, techniques to enrich collaboration on software development are important to improve quality and reduce costs. Unfortunately, the current literature fails to address this problem by overlooking existing reuse techniques. There are many reuse approaches proposed in academia and industry, including Framework Instantiation, Software Product Line, Transformation Chains, and Staged Configuration. But, the current approaches do not support the representation and implementation of collaborative instantiations that involve individual and group roles, the simultaneous performance of multiple activities, restrictions related to concurrency and synchronization of activities, and allocation of activities to reuse actors as a coordination mechanism. These limitations are the main reasons why the Reuse Description Language (RDL) is unable to promote collaborative reuse, i.e., those related to reuse activities in collaborative software development. To overcome these shortcomings, this work, therefore, proposes CollabRDL, a language to coordinate collaborative reuse by providing essential concepts and constructs for allowing group-based reuse activities. For this purpose, we extend RDL by introducing three new commands, including role, parallel, and doparallel. To evaluate CollabRDL we have conducted a case study in which developer groups performed reuse activities collaboratively to instantiate a mainstream Java framework. The results indicated that CollabRDL was able to represent critical workflow patterns, including parallel split pattern, synchronization pattern, multiple-choice pattern, role-based distribution pattern, and multiple instances with decision at runtime. Overall, we believe that the provision of a new language that supports group-based activities in framework instantiation can help enable software organizations to document their coordinated efforts and achieve the benefits of software mass customization with significantly less development time and effort.