Interface Framework Research Articles

Mobile Devices Interface Adaptivity Using Ontologies

Currently, many mobile devices provide various interaction styles and modes which create complexity in the usage of interfaces. The context offers the information base for the development of Adaptive user interface (AUI) frameworks to overcome the heterogeneity. For this purpose, the ontological modeling has been made for specific context and environment. This type of philosophy states to the relationship among elements (e.g., classes, relations, or capacities etc.) with understandable satisfied representation. The context mechanisms can be examined and understood by any machine or computational framework with these formal definitions expressed in Web ontology language (WOL)/Resource description frame work (RDF). The Protégé is used to create taxonomy in which system is framed based on four contexts such as user, device, task and environment. Some competency questions and use-cases are utilized for knowledge obtaining while the information is refined through the instances of concerned parts of context tree. The consistency of the model has been verified through the reasoning software while SPARQL querying ensured the data availability in the models for defined use-cases. The semantic context model is focused to bring in the usage of adaptive environment. This exploration has finished up with a versatile, scalable and semantically verified context learning system. This model can be mapped to individual User interface (UI) display through smart calculations for versatile UIs.

Multi-sectoral implementation interface framework (MIIF) to achieve the objective of tobacco-free Himachal Pradesh.

The limitations observed in achieving the goal of a tobacco-free Himachal Pradesh have necessitated the need to contextualize the existing policy directives in tobacco reduction. Our observation has been that despite having clearly defined policy guidelines and laws, the implementation may not have followed suit. An analysis of the gaps observed had led us to develop an implementation interface framework involving stakeholders from multiple sectors.

Comparative analysis of connection performance with databases via JDBC interface and ORM programming frameworks

The research subject of this paper was the comparative analysis of efficiency of connections with databases using different communication methods based on Java programming language. The tools investigated included JDBC drivers and Object-relational mapping (ORM) frameworks. A survey based on 8 different criteria was conducted to determine the most effective method and tool for working with relational databases when developing Java applications. The weights of the criteria were determined through a survey of Java programmers and computer science students.

Immersive and interactive cyber-physical system (I2CPS) and virtual reality interface for human involved robotic manufacturing

Smart manufacturing promotes the demand of new interfaces for communication with autonomies such as big data analysis, digital twin, and self-decisive control. Collaboration between human and the autonomy becomes imperative factor for improving productivity. However, current human-machine interfaces (HMI) such as 2D screens or panels require human knowledge of process and long-term experience to operate, which is not intuitive for beginning workers or is designed to work with the autonomy. This study proposes a human interface framework of cyber-physical system (CPS) based on virtual reality, named as immersive and interactive CPS (I2CPS), to create an interface for human-machine-autonomy collaboration. By combination of data-to-information protocol and middleware, MTConnect and Robot Operating System (ROS), heterogeneous physical systems were integrated with virtual assets such as digital models, digital shadows, and virtual traces of human works in the virtual reality (VR) based interface. All the physical and virtual assets were integrated in the interface that human, autonomy, and physical system can collaborate. Applying constraints in the VR interface and deploying virtual human works to industrial robots were demonstrated to verify the effectiveness of the I2CPS framework, showing collaboration between human and autonomy: augmentation of human skills by autonomy and virtual robot teaching to generate automatic robot programs.

Proposed speech recognition interface framework using web browser

A website can only be accessed via devices that comes with both GUI which stands for Graphical User Interface and a screen. For this to be done, there must be physical attraction with such devices. This paper presents a speech recognition using web browser (SRWB) which permits browsing or surfing the Internet with the use of a standard voice only and VUL (Vocal User Interface development). The SRWB system input from the users in form of vocal commands and coverts these voice commands to HTTP requests. The SRWB system will sends the voice commands to the web server for processing purposes and when the processing is done, the converted or translated HTTP response is outputted to the end users in a voice format made audible with the attached loudspeakers. The system uses the Speech Application Programming Interface which is known in short as SAPI. SAPI which was developed by Microsoft allows SRWB to be used in the Windows applications. This algorithm is implemented by the system to achieve its target over content of the web to classify, analyse and send back important part of web pages to the end users. Speech recognition is used for controlling web browsers and applets, enhancing the internet, and filling out forms in numerous ways. Through speech synthesis, web pages are brought back to live, reduces audio that are sent over the internet. SRWB has many applications such as assisting the blind people to make use of the internet via speech and hearing. It will help both the young children and people with disability who can’t operate a keyboard to use the internet by just speaking. It grants enablement to people to interface the website contents through oral or audio commands instead of using a keyboard. For this system Microsoft access and SQL were used as databases while Visual Basic.NET was the programming environment used for developing and designing. SRWB is very easy to use, visually independent and can be used by anyone that is not computer literate.

Daiquiri: a web-based user interface framework for beamline control and data acquisition.

Daiquiri is a web-based user interface (UI) framework for control system monitoring and data acquisition designed for synchrotron beamlines. It provides simple, intuitive and responsive interfaces to control and monitor hardware, launch acquisition sequences and manage associated metadata. Daiquiri concerns itself only with the UI layer; it does not provide a scan engine or controls system but can be easily integrated with existing systems.

A formal approach to role language: sentence-final particles and the speaker-hearer link

Abstract This paper addresses sentence-final items that fall into the category of role language in Japanese and proposes an analysis from a cartographic perspective. To this end, the syntactic and semantic properties of these items are investigated, with particular attention to their distribution concerning root/embedded context and clause type. The investigation shows that the elements under consideration can be classified into three subcategories and that they are all connected to the speaker-hearer link via agreement relationship, on a par with the politeness marker -mas-. It is also argued that only one subcategory, dubbed gender particles, additionally interacts with illocutionary force and clause type of the sentence, similarly to discourse particles. From this study, it is implied that the role language can be studied within the framework of a syntax-discourse interface.

Cerebral Pulse Controlled Robotic Hand for Effective Paralytic Movements

Abstract: There are roughly 21 million handicapped people in India, which is comparable to 2.2% of the complete populace. These people are affected by various neuromuscular problems. To empower them to articulate their thoughts, one can supply them with elective and augmentative correspondence. For this, a Brain-Computer Interface framework (BCI) has been assembled to manage this specific need. The basic assumption of the venture reports the plan, working just as a testing impersonation of a man's arm which is intended to be powerfully just as kinematically exact. The conveyed gadget attempts to take after the movement of the human hand by investigating the signs delivered by cerebrum waves. The cerebrum waves are really detected by sensors in the Neurosky headset and produce alpha, beta, and gamma signals. Then, at that point, this sign is examined by the microcontroller and is then acquired onto the engineered hand by means of servo engines. A patient that experiences an amputee underneath the elbow can acquire from this specific biomechanical arm. Keywords: Brainwaves, Brain Computer Interface, Arduino, EEG sensor, Neurosky Mindwave Headset, Robotic arm

A Novel Framework for Testing High-Speed Serial Interfaces in Multiprocessor Based Real-Time Embedded System

Recent years has seen a tremendous increase in processing requirements of present-day embedded system applications. Embedded systems consist of multiple processing elements (PEs) connected to each other using different types of interfaces. Many complicated tasks are accomplished by embedded systems in varied settings, which may introduce errors during inter-processor communication. Testing such systems is tremendously difficult and challenging from testing non-real time systems. A major part of testing real time embedded systems involves ensuring accuracy and timing in synchronous inter-process communication More specifically, the synchronization and inter-processor communication of real-time applications makes testing a challenging task and due to the demand for higher data rate increases, day-by-day, making testing of such systems even more complex. This paper presents a novel frame work that uses multiple instances of simulators with physical high-speed serial interfaces to emulate any real time embedded system communication. The framework presents a testing technique that detects all faults related to synchronization of high-speed synchronous serial interfaces in a systematic manner. The novelty of our approach is to simulate communication across multiple processors in a simulation environment for detecting and localizing bugs. We verify this framework using a case study consisting of an embedded software defined radio (SDR) system. The test results show the applicability of our approach in fixing bugs that relates to synchronization issues that otherwise are very hard to find and fix in very complicated systems, such as SDR.

Cohesive-frictional interface model for timber-concrete contacts

This paper presents a two-dimensional interface model for timber-concrete contacts, that has been developed based on the empirical observations from a set of friction tests and additional micromechanical assumptions. In tangential direction, the interface model accounts initial bonding and debonding between the surfaces, different static and kinetic friction as well as smooth transition between them, effects of load reversal, pressure-dependence in friction and sticking stiffness and slip softening over increasing cumulative slip. In normal direction, simple linear cohesive and pressure-overclosure behaviour is assumed. The model has been formulated in cohesive-frictional interface framework, coupling damage-based cohesive behaviour with elastoplasticity-based frictional behaviour. The model has been tested in various cases and verified by comparison on a set of 27 tests on timber-concrete contact pairs under cyclic loading with varying normal pressure and multiple different material pairs. The interface model is able to capture relevant parts of the experimentally observed tangential behaviour, indicating suitability to present timber-concrete interface behaviour under cyclic loading.

Face-Computer Interface (FCI): Intent Recognition Based on Facial Electromyography (fEMG) and Online Human-Computer Interface With Audiovisual Feedback.

Patients who have lost limb control ability, such as upper limb amputation and high paraplegia, are usually unable to take care of themselves. Establishing a natural, stable, and comfortable human-computer interface (HCI) for controlling rehabilitation assistance robots and other controllable equipments will solve a lot of their troubles. In this study, a complete limbs-free face-computer interface (FCI) framework based on facial electromyography (fEMG) including offline analysis and online control of mechanical equipments was proposed. Six facial movements related to eyebrows, eyes, and mouth were used in this FCI. In the offline stage, 12 models, eight types of features, and three different feature combination methods for model inputing were studied and compared in detail. In the online stage, four well-designed sessions were introduced to control a robotic arm to complete drinking water task in three ways (by touch screen, by fEMG with and without audio feedback) for verification and performance comparison of proposed FCI framework. Three features and one model with an average offline recognition accuracy of 95.3%, a maximum of 98.8%, and a minimum of 91.4% were selected for use in online scenarios. In contrast, the way with audio feedback performed better than that without audio feedback. All subjects completed the drinking task in a few minutes with FCI. The average and smallest time difference between touch screen and fEMG under audio feedback were only 1.24 and 0.37 min, respectively.

Cybersecurity Assessment Framework for Digital Interface Between Safety and Security at Nuclear Power Plants

This study aims to assess the cybersecurity aspects of nuclear power plants (NPPs) in regards to a digital safety-security interface. In traditional and advanced NPPs, safety and security functions are performed by analogue and digital systems. The risk of unauthorized software changing real-world system behaviors is a major and critical infrastructure safety and security issue. Within this context, a NPP is one of the most emblematic examples of critical infrastructure cyber targets. In this study, an evaluation of the functional impact of a cyber-attack targeting specific digital equipment in a nuclear facility is performed by means of a nuclear power plant simulator specifically developed for cybersecurity assessments, deployment of realistic cyber-attack simulation scenarios, and collection and evaluation of simulated data. The Asherah nuclear power plant simulator reproduces the dynamic behavior of a two-loop 2,772 MWt pressurized water reactor (PWR) including primary, secondary, and tertiary loops, as well as selected network infrastructure elements, communication protocols, and control systems. The system is projected to survive cyber-attacks, to allow great flexibility for digital systems and network research, and to allow the capture of data for an a posteriori analysis. The preliminary simulation results obtained by the deployment of realistic cyber-attack scenarios facilitated an understanding of the impacts of cyber-attacks, how they propagate in nuclear digital cyber-physical systems and their consequences, both in terms of plant security and safety.

Electropositive carbon sites and sulfur vacancies in SnS2/g-C3N4 for achieving adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of As(III) in stages by pH regulation

In this work, a high content of pyrrole nitrogen carbon nitride (HPCN)-SnS2 has been successfully constructed with −C═Sn− chemical bond as the interface framework. The charge state of Sn species was adjusted by β particles to obtain controllable sulfur defects onto the HPCN-SnS2 through electron beam irradiation (EBI). The composites exhibited excellent photocatalytic oxidation capacity of As(Ⅲ) and adsorption capacity of As(Ⅴ). It is confirmed that the optimized HPCN-SnS1.38 can remove the total As concentrations below 0.40 mg/L within 80 min. Additionally, the effect of various conditions (pH value and type of anions) was evaluated using degradation experiments, and HPCN-SnS1.38 could be reused at least 5 times without an obvious reduction in the photocatalysis and adsorption performances. Based on the experimental results, the photocatalytic mechanism of As(Ⅲ) by HPCN-SnS2 after electron beam irradiation was studied. Free radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) showed that the oxidation of As(III) under visible light is mainly controlled by •O2− and •OH, and •OH is converted from •O2− under acidic conditions.

Power Coupling for Transient Stability and Electromagnetic Transient Collaborative Simulation of Power Grids

Co-simulation of heterogeneous systems allows for in-depth analysis of various aspects of power systems’ operation while staying within the environments of the simulation tools that are best fit to represent their respective domains. Equipped with a proprietary co-simulation platform, the paper focuses on the issue of power-conjugate coupling between parts of power grids modeled in transient stability and electromagnetic transient simulation tools. The problems of co-simulation stability and precision in presence of delays are tackled by means of designing a proper coupling interface. It is shown that two established interface methods – the V-I method and the Transmission Line Interface – are special cases of a generalized interface framework proposed in the paper. Moreover, a new interface algorithm is described by parametrizing the generalized framework. Analytical tools are also formulated to aid in the analysis of interface stability and precision via the concepts of passivity and transparency. Simulation results of benchmark systems of various complexity demonstrate the application of the developed power coupling interface.

JETPACK COMPOSE AND XML LAYOUT RENDERING PERFORMANCE COMPARISON

The aim of the work is to find out the rendering performance of new Google Android user interface framework “Jetpack Compose”. Author has built two applications for Android platform with identical user interfaces: one uses classic approach with Kotlin + XML layout file, another application is developed using Jetpack Compose. In the results, the performance comparison of each approach is provided.

Educational Design Framework for a Web-Based Interface to Visualise Authentic Cosmological “Big Data” in High School

The changing landscape of science and science education has provided an impetus to re-imagine how science can be taught in schools. The dawn of the Big Data era, especially in astronomy, and the notion of “Science as Practice” are some of the developments driving this need for a re-imagination of science education. This current work contributes to this agenda by exploring the features an educational design framework for developing a web-based interface that will support school students to engage with Big Data in the context of authentic science inquiry. The aim is to bring authentic data into the classroom, in a way that allows students to experience Science as Practice, providing teachers with the scaffolding resources to implement this into their classroom. The paper explores the challenges associated with the educational design for such inquiry-based projects, and how these may be overcome. A preliminary user interface design is presented, and guidelines for construction and direction are discussed.

Flow-coupled cohesive interface framework for simulating heterogeneous crack morphology and resolving numerical divergence in hydraulic fracture

A user-friendly and generic finite element framework for simulating hydraulic fracture with a complex crack network in unconventional oil and gas exploitation is developed in this work with the following unique features. While the cohesive zone model (CZM) removes crack singularities, its finite element simulations suffer numerical convergence problem during crack nucleation and growth, which can be regularized by a fictitious viscosity approach. The decoupling of cohesive-cracked solid and fluid into separate free body diagrams allows the development of a weak-form finite element formulation for the former and a finite-difference approach for the transport analysis in the latter. Enforcing the Kirchhoff condition in polycrystalline geomaterials allows the study of the fluid-driven complex fracture propagation process. Our method has been verified by analytical solutions, and then employed to simulate the synergistic roles of confining pressure and grain boundary anisotropy on the fracking morphology. Numerical implementation into a user-defined element (UEL) subroutine in ABAQUS provides easy adaptation and further development for the research community.

Molint 1.0: A framework for the computation of molecular integrals and their derivatives for density‐fitted methods

AbstractThe efficient computation of molecular integrals and their derivatives is a crucial step in molecular property evaluation in modern quantum chemistry. In this study, an application programming interface (API) framework, denoted Molint, for the computation of molecular integrals and their first derivatives, over contracted Gaussian functions, for the density‐fitted methods is reported. The Molint is free software and it includes overlap, dipole, kinetic, potential, 2‐index, and 3‐index integrals, and their first derivatives. Furthermore, the Molint provides a smooth approach to build the Fock matrix and evaluate analytic gradients for the density‐fitted methods. The Molint is a C++/Fortran hybrid code, which can take advantage of shared‐memory parallel programming techniques. Our results demonstrate that the Molint is an efficient and user‐friendly API for the computation of molecular integrals and their first derivatives.

Culturally Inclusive Adaptive User Interface (CIAUI) Framework: Exploration of Plasticity of User Interface Design

This paper presents a Culturally Inclusive Adaptive User Interface (CIAUI) Framework for developing Mobile Learning (M-Learning) and other mobile applications. The CIAUI Framework specifically incorporates the concepts of universal design aimed for culturally diverse users. This was derived as an outcome of a research project involving the design, analysis and evaluation of artificial intelligence (AI)-based adaptive interface development, known as the “Mobile Academy”, using plasticity of user interface (UI) design techniques for culturally inclusive design. The CIAUI Framework, was one of the major and significant output of the research, which satisfied the broad requirement for cross-cultural usability. The framework was not only defined but a complete analysis was conducted. Its parameters, validation, examples of developing applications and indicated direction of further research are presented here. The principles of culturally inclusive design are finally reviewed.

Multi-Objective Hierarchical Optimization: A Design Framework for Grid-Connected Interleaved H-Bridges

The paralleling of power converters connected to the grid for power-sharing is a widely used technique. In this context, the design framework for a low-cost, lightweight, compact and high-performance optimum configuration is an open problem. This paper proposes an innovative Multi-Objective Hierarchical Optimization Design Framework (MO-HO-DF) for an AC grid interface with $N$ interleaved H-bridges, each with $M$ parallel “to-be-determined” switches, connected through coupling inductances ( $L_f$ ). A total of eight figures of merit (FOMs) were identified for the design framework optimization. A rigorous model of the power electronic system is presented. Next, a highly computationally efficient algorithm for the estimation of the required frequency modulation ratio ( $m_f$ ) to meet current harmonic performance requirements for any given configuration is proposed. Then, the concept and implementation of the algorithm are presented for the MO-HO-DF. The effectiveness of the design optimization framework is demonstrated by comparing it to a base case solution. Finally, the design calculations are validated via PLECS simulation with manufacturer-provided 3D power semiconductor models that include thermal modelling.