Frame Of Theory Research Articles

Construction of the Chinese Image Through Frame Theory

Construction of the Chinese Image Through Frame Theory

Identifying Consciousness in Other Creatures: Three Initial Steps.

Identifying consciousness in other creatures, be they animals or exotic creatures that have yet to be discovered, remains a great scientific challenge. We delineate the first three steps that we think are necessary for identifying consciousness in other creatures. Step 1 is to define the particular kind of consciousness in which one is interested. Step 2 is to identify, in humans, the key differences between the brain processes that are associated with consciousness and the brain processes that are not associated with consciousness. For Step 2, to identify these differences, we focus on passive frame theory. Step 3 concerns how the insights derived from consciousness research on humans (e.g., concerning these differences) can be generalized to other creatures. We discuss the significance of examining how consciousness was fashioned by the process of evolution, a process that could be happenstance and replete with incessant tinkering, yielding adaptations that can be suboptimal and counterintuitive, far different in nature from our efficiently designed robotic systems. We conclude that the more that is understood about the differences between conscious processing and unconscious processing in humans, the easier it will be to identify consciousness in other creatures.

Castro’s victory: An assessment of New York Times coverage of the 1959 Cuban Revolution

This research applies framing theory and basic quantitative content methods to analyze the New York Times coverage of the 1959 Cuban Revolution, in order to examine assertions that New York Times stories contributed to Fidel Castro’s victory. Specifically, the study analyzes datelines, bylines, types of sources and story framing in all the stories about Cuba published on the front page of the New York Times between January 1, 1957, and December 31, 1962. The findings of this research contest long-held claims that the New York Times stories, in particular those written by reporter Herbert L. Matthews, contributed to the success of the Cuban Revolution. Matthews’s three-part front-page scoop in 1957 introduced Castro and the bearded Cuban revolutionaries to the world, but his stories and subsequent New York Times coverage are unlikely to have been decisive in Castro’s overthrow of the Batista regime. This study argues instead that the New York Times coverage of the 1959 Cuban Revolution was written through an aspirational lens, much like the stories about other major political revolutions written by U.S. foreign correspondents, and that stories played an important inter-media agenda-setting role, as evident from the many news organizations that covered the revolution after Matthews’ scoop.

Exploring the Strategic Use of TikTok for Clinical Trial Recruitment: How audiences’ Prior Short-Form Video Usage Influences Persuasive Effects

Guided by the elaboration likelihood model and framing theory, this study explores the potential of short-form video platforms (e.g. TikTok), for targeted clinical trial recruitment. An online experiment compared doctor vs. peer-led videos addressing logistical or psychological barriers to participation, mimicking common TikTok communication tactics. Results indicate that high (vs. low) TikTok users are more persuaded by recruitment messages, and they exhibit stronger intentions to participate in clinical trials. Although doctor-sourced messages generate greater credibility and a more favorable message attitude, peer-sourced messages may be more effective in increasing participation intention. Lastly, doctor-sourced videos that address logistical barriers and peer-sourced videos that discuss psychological barriers result in higher self-efficacy for clinical trial participation. This study contributes to the growing body of research on new media’s role in health communication and provides insights into how to strategically utilize TikTok and other short-form video platforms for clinical trial recruitment.

Journalistic and reception mechanisms of remote threat domestication: EU asylum seekers in Israeli media

The current study reveals the mechanisms used by both media and news consumers for domesticating distant threatening events. To this end, the study applies thematic analysis to textual and visual content presented in media items (Study 1) and media content reception from the perspective of news consumers (Study 2). Study 1 sample included 209 Israeli media items in Hebrew, covering asylum seekers in Europe from 2014 to 2019. Study 2 is based on semi-structured interviews with 30 Jewish Israeli heavy news consumers. The study was inspired by framing, priming, and media reception theories. The findings revealed the following threat domestication processes: (1) double selection of threatening narratives by media gatekeepers and the audience; (2) simplification of the media narratives to basic “good vs. bad” stories for easy comprehension and extension by news consumers; (3) creation and reception of both immediate threat (violence and crime) and deferred threat (deterministic processes); and (4) generation of a wide range of emotions and emotional processing through double victimhood. The audience actively adds to the domestication of the content through extended hegemonic and negotiated readings, thus finally shaping the framing so that it comes closer to the local contexts and communicates with the consumers’ lives and perceptions.

Framing, agency, and athlete activism: The case of simone biles at the 2020 olympics

In July of 2021, Simone Biles shocked the world with her withdrawal from the 2020 Tokyo Olympics citing “mental health” as her rationale. Mental health remains a taboo subject within the realm of professional sports, and is often devalued, in stark contrast to the value placed on physical health. The present study explored Biles’s framing of her withdrawal and publics’ reactions to the withdrawal across two distinct social media platforms. Critical rhetorical analysis was used to analyze the Instagram posts made by Biles and a press conference transcript announcing and reifying her withdrawal, as well as 100 TikTok videos and 1000 comments illustrating publics’ reactions. Findings demonstrate that Biles’s framed her messages through genuineness, responsibility, resistance, and consistency. As a result of the frames used in the withdrawal messages, and the modality allowances afforded on TikTok (e.g., video, text, text and video, stitching), the space for dissent, as well as the ability to critique current power structures was created. From these findings, theoretically I argue that (1) framing theory can be used to create the space for resisting power, reclaiming agency, and challenging attacks of morality, and (2) theorize the ability of public relations to shape broader societal discourse. Practically, this research adds to the public relations literature (1) the value of new frames for image cultivation and the new role of publics for engaging in the acceptance, rejection, or co-creation of frames put forth by organizations and (2) the role of message modality for cultivating discourse and dissent.

Framing and feelings on social media: the futures of work and intelligent machines

PurposeResearch on artificial intelligence (AI) and its potential effects on the workplace is increasing. How AI and the futures of work are framed in traditional media has been examined in prior studies, but current research has not gone far enough in examining how AI is framed on social media. This paper aims to fill this gap by examining how people frame the futures of work and intelligent machines when they post on social media.Design/methodology/approachWe investigate public interpretations, assumptions and expectations, referring to framing expressed in social media conversations. We also coded the emotions and attitudes expressed in the text data. A corpus consisting of 998 unique Reddit post titles and their corresponding 16,611 comments was analyzed using computer-aided textual analysis comprising a BERTopic model and two BERT text classification models, one for emotion and the other for sentiment analysis, supported by human judgment.FindingsDifferent interpretations, assumptions and expectations were found in the conversations. Three subframes were analyzed in detail under the overarching frame of the New World of Work: (1) general impacts of intelligent machines on society, (2) undertaking of tasks (augmentation and substitution) and (3) loss of jobs. The general attitude observed in conversations was slightly positive, and the most common emotion category was curiosity.Originality/valueFindings from this research can uncover public needs and expectations regarding the future of work with intelligent machines. The findings may also help shape research directions about futures of work. Furthermore, firms, organizations or industries may employ framing methods to analyze customers’ or workers’ responses or even influence the responses. Another contribution of this work is the application of framing theory to interpreting how people conceptualize the future of work with intelligent machines.

Student Motivation: Barriers and Incentives for Agency

Our starting point was the often-overlooked understanding that motivation problems aren't a diagnosis but a symptom. They indicate the actual issue - an environment insufficient for fulfilling autonomy needs, which often escapes the attention of teachers, parents, and even researchers. Our goal was to develop a framework for exploring the main characteristics of a schoolchild's educational environment to identify the source of motivation problems. To do this, we combined aspects of the self-determination theory of E. Deci and R. Ryan with B. Bernstein's framing theory. The self-determination theory helps to consider human motivation from a psychological point of view, while B. Bernstein's framing theory opens a sociological perspective. Including Bernstein's ideas enriches the motivation analysis, highlighting sociological aspects that are not fully accounted for in the self-determination theory. The result is more comprehensive and, at the same time, more "visible" and easier to operationalize in the context of formal school or home education.

HRES Integrated DSTATCOM Using High Gain Sepic-Zeta Based WOA Optimized ANFIS-MPPT Controller for PQ Issues

The power generated by renewable energy sources (RES), including photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy systems, are a great deal dependent on climate situations that result in Power Quality (PQ) issues, which require rapid adjustment of energy transmission and distribution systems. As a solution, (Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator) DSTATCOM is implemented for reactive power compensation, reducing voltage sag, swell, and THD. A novel High-gain SEPIC-ZETA converter is designed in this study to enhance the voltage obtained from the PV system with high efficiency. On the other hand, the proposed work aims to improve PQ issues using DSTATCOM with PV-Wind and battery systems. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based Maximum Power Point (MPPT) controller is adopted for tracking optimal power from the PV and to tune the parameters of this controller adopting Whale optimization algorithm (WOA). Moreover, the PWM rectifier is employed to convert the AC supply from the wind energy system to DC and it is controlled by the Proportional Integral (PI) controller. Hysteresis Current Controller (HCC) is incorporated to generate reference current based on Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory, which is required for the reduction of harmonics. Three phase voltage source inverter is integrated to convert DC-AC supply for distributing the energy supply to load application. Finally, the anticipated work is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and the comparative analysis is made towards the conventional topologies to authenticate the proficiency of the developed work. As a consequence, the outcomes demonstrate the improved PQ with a lower THD value of 0.72% with high tracking efficiency is accomplished by the proposed technique.

Telling the story of the opioid crisis: A narrative analysis of the TV series Dopesick.

Dopesick (2021) is the first TV series whose plot deals exclusively with the opioid crisis in the United States. The current study uses narrative analysis and framing theory to explore this series, discussing its portrayal of the people and themes involved in the opioid crisis. Our analysis found that although Dopesick attempts to portray multiple dimensions of the opioid crisis, its narrative oversimplifies the story in attributing the cause of the problem almost exclusively to Purdue Pharma and its director Richard Sackler, while downplaying other factors that contributed to the opioid crisis. Thus, the narrative in this TV series tends to offer simple explanations to a complex problem for which simple solutions are likely to be inadequate.

Media Frames of the Operation of JTF and the Implications for Civilian Involvement in the Fight Against Terrorism in North-East, Nigeria

This research, which examined newspaper framing of the operations of Civilian JTF in combating terrorism in North-East Nigeria between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019, was aimed at filling the gap in existing literature on newspaper framing of civilian efforts in combating terrorism in Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to find out the dominant frames and sources of news frames used in reporting civilian JTF's involvement in fighting terrorism as well as the interpretations that media frames gave on the issue. Using framing theory, the work undertook a content analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis (involving textual analysis) of four national newspapers: Vanguard, Punch, Daily Trust and Leadership. These newspapers were chosen because they have national spread and are regularly published over a period of time. Using simple random sampling, the study sampled a total of 432 issues of the selected newspapers and found that the reports from the selected newspapers on the involvement and operations of civilian JTF in combating terrorism in Nigeria were frequent. Out of the 432 issues of the selected newspapers, 309 (71.5%) issues were on the topic under study. It also found that the newspapers did not give prominence to the issue under investigation as the majority (68.2%) of the news items were hidden in inside pages. In addition, it was also found that the newspaper emphasized the military/government frame. Findings from the textual analysis revealed that the sampled newspapers all gave different manners of approach in their interpretation of the involvement of the Civilian JTF in the fight against terrorism, which resulted in emerging thematic frames such as: Victory frame, Fear frame, Relief frame and Strategy frame. Therefore, the work recommended that Nigerian newspapers should not only increase their reportage of governments/civilian efforts at combating terrorism but also place news items on terrorism prominently. It equally suggested that the press should improve their investigative reporting so as to help the government and civilian efforts in combating terrorism.

Media Framing of African Refugee Migration to Europe: An Analysis of Narrative Constructions From Selected Global Media Houses in 2023

The framing of migrants from Africa to Europe on the global media is complex and quite obscure. The manner in which media tells a story is quite critical as it has the potential to influence the discernment of the public from different parts of the world. The main goal of the study was to examine how the global media houses portrayed African migrants to Europe in 2023.This was guided by two specific objectives:To examine the global media outlets' coverage of African refugee migration to Europe and to analyze the language used by the media to describe African refugees, assessing for bias, stereotypes, or stigmatization. The study was guided by the framing theory. The study employed a qualitative method design to conduct a detailed analysis of media framing surrounding African migration to Europe. Data was collected from all the global media houses with a sampling frame from three major media houses which included: The Cable News Network (CNN), The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), and the Eastern Africa. Data was analyzed using thematic content analysis. Findings indicated that, how global media houses cover the migration of people from Africa to Europe exposes the intricate narrative formed by a variety of both negative and positive views. While the CNN and BBC comprise varied perspectives to the issues, The Eastern Africa gives insight into the regional circumstances surrounding the migration problem as well as the humanitarian concerns. Across all the examined media houses (CNN, BBC, The Eastern Africa), there is an inclination towards portraying the African migrants in negative light, underscoring their impact on destination states. There were instances of Bias and stereotypes that could potentially lead to stigmatization. The study recommended that there is need for balanced reporting from media houses, there needs for some ethical considerations in reporting and that media houses should mainly focus on their role of creating awareness and advocacy.

Framing beneficiary photos to elicit donations in online medical crowdfunding: through the perspectives of sympathy and deliberation

PurposeBeneficiary photos on charity appeals are believed to engender prosocial behavior. This study explores photo framing of healthy and unhealthy beneficiary photos in the context of photo-rich online medical crowdfunding. Based on framing theory, emphasis framing effect (i.e. unhealthy photos only vs both healthy and unhealthy photos) and equivalency framing effect (i.e. healthy photos prior to unhealthy photos vs unhealthy photos prior to healthy photos) are identified.Design/methodology/approachA scenario-based experiment with 135 participants was used to empirically test the proposed research hypotheses. The subjects were randomly assigned to three treatment groups, with 45 subjects in each group. ANOVA, linear regression, and multiple mediation analysis were used to analysis data.FindingsThe results reveal that disclosing both healthy and unhealthy photos can elicit stronger sympathy and perceived need than merely disclosing unhealthy photos. Moreover, the order of unhealthy photos prior to healthy photos leads to a higher level of sympathy than the order of healthy photos prior to unhealthy photos. Furthermore, sympathy and perceived need are positively related to donation intention.Originality/valueFirst, this study extends the photo-related research limited to certain characteristics of a single photo to the sequence effect of multiple photos. Second, this study contributes to framing theory by introducing photo framing, particularly the equivalence and emphasis framing effect of beneficiary photos. Finally, this study reveals the emotional and cognitive routes through which beneficiary photos stimulate prosocial behavior. It also offers practical guidance in the aspects of the framing effect of beneficiary photos for crowdfunding management.

Viewer's Perception of The Religious Dialogue "Boris Beragama Bikin Histeris" on Youtube Media Using SNA Analysis

The reality of religious pluralism is a challenge faced by every religious follower. Religious dialogue is an effective mechanism in creating racial and religious unity. This research discusses religious dialogue in the #LogIndiCloseTheDoor content episode "Boris Beragama Bikin Histeris" on YouTube. This content received various responses from the audience because it featured presenters from different religious backgrounds, namely Habib Jafar, Onadio Leonardo and Boris Bokir who discussed religion lightly. This research uses William Gamson and Andre Modigliani's framing theory based on the Network Analysis (SNA) method. The research analyzed 10 actors with the largest communication network population. The results show that the actors have positive comments based on the three groups formed, namely, content, host and guest stars and religion. The first group, content has positive results based on content that focuses on religious tolerance. The second group, hosts and guest stars produce positive perceptions based on the personalities of the hosts and guest stars in the content and the third group, religion which has positive results based on religious content that the hosts and guest stars bring.

The impact of functional class and depressive symptomatology on rule-based insensitivity

Rule-governed behavior (RGB) is important for accounting for complex human behavior, as well as informing clinical practice. In line with Relational Frame Theory, RGB is divided into functional classes including pliance, which is rule-following under the control of apparent arbitrary social consequences, and tracking, which is rule-following under the control of apparent natural non-arbitrary consequences. In theory, pliance should produce lower levels of contingency sensitivity compared to tracking, but how this effect relates to nonclinical populations is unclear. This study (n = 134) tested the relationship between contingency sensitivity in pliance and tracking through a Matching-to-Sample task, while incorporating a measure of depressive symptomatology to test if a distinction in insensitivity would be seen in nondepressed participants. Results indicated that pliance was associated with lower levels of contingency sensitivity relative to tracking overall, and that depressive symptomatology did not influence this. Results are discussed in relation to prior inconsistencies in the experimental literature on RGB, and potential methods for operationalizing pliance in experimental settings.

A relational frame approach to perspective taking in persons with Borderline Personality Disorder

Perspective taking is important for effective interpersonal functioning. According to Relational Frame Theory (RFT), perspective taking is underpinned by deictic relational framing. It has been proposed that individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) may have deficits in perspective taking. A mixed experimental design (N = 112) was used to assess whether individuals with a diagnosis of BPD displayed impaired perspective taking on a computerised RFT deictic relational task (DRT) and a self-report measure, compared to a control sample. There was no significant difference between groups on the computerised DRT. Within the clinical group, overall distress and relational distress were not found to be significantly associated with DRT performance or self-reported perspective taking. However, those with BPD self-reported significantly worse perspective taking ability compared to the control sample. This finding indicates a discrepancy between perceived perspective taking ability and direct perspective taking performance in persons with BPD.

관계틀 이론에 대한 체계적 분석

This study aims to systematically review the global trends in developmental disability research applying Relational Frame Theory (RFT). Initially, 1,405 research articles were searched, and following the PRISMA procedure, 58 studies focusing on developmental disabilities within the context of RFT were ultimately selected for analysis. This research meticulously examined the publication year, journal name, characteristics of participants, dependent variables, independent variables, research settings, and experimental designs of the selected studies. The analysis of the global trends in RFT-based developmental disability research revealed that studies span a variety of developmental disability types, with derived relational responding and verbal operants among the primary dependent variables, and RFT-based instructional strategies frequently serving as independent variables. The research settings were predominantly in schools and therapy rooms, with most participants being children and adolescents diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Through this study, it was confirmed that RFT provides a significant theoretical and practical foundation for supporting language and cognitive development in the field of developmental disabilities. Based on the findings, the study suggests the need for expanding the scope and deepening the theoretical exploration of RFT-related research, discussing the limitations of the current study and directions for future research.

Television Webcast Framing of Banditry in Nigeria

How mass media discuss contemporary issues of insecurity issues has been of concern in media studies. Consequently, this study analysed the television webcast framing of banditry in Nigeria over four years (2019-2022) from the YouTube webcast channels of Channels Television, Television Continental, and Arise News. This study was anchored on agenda-setting and framing theories. The study used a content analysis research method, 200 banditry-related videos were systematically sampled and analysed using a validated coding sheet. Data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that the presentation of banditry issues on Channels and TVC was brief compared to Arise News. It also revealed that bandit attacks and Government security agencies' efforts were the dominant issues, and conflict and human-interest frames were the prominent news frames used to present banditry issues across the three selected stations. Consequently, findings support tenets of agenda-setting and framing theories. It is recommended that television stations increase the patterns and depth of their coverage, as well as the news frames used to present banditry issues. Keywords: Television webcasting, framing, and banditry

Analyzing the Portrayal of Political Leadership in Leading Pakistani News Channels : A Critical Analysis

This study focuses on the framing theory as a lens to analyze the coverage and frames of political parties by two prominent news channels, Dunya News and Geo News. A comprehensive content analysis spanning over three months was conducted to assess the frequency, story types, frames, and tone of news coverage related to political leaders from 1st Sep 2023 to 20th Dec 2023 through purposive sampling. For this purpose, five themes, party manifesto, and plans, leader’s character, past performance of the party, voting worth, bias, and victimization were designed to explore the study’s objectives. The findings indicate a notable disparity in the salience given to political parties, with both news channels showing a higher emphasis on PMLN compared to PTI and PPP. Furthermore, the results reveal that Nawaz Sharif, received more favorable coverage from both news channels, followed by Imran Khan. Bilawal Bhutto Zardari receives comparable coverage to Imran Khan on Dunya News but notably less on Geo News. Additionally, the majority of the stance from these news channels leans in favor of PMLN leader Nawaz Sharif, while PTI leader Imran Khan tends to receive a more negative stance across both channels. A frames-wise analysis uncovers that Dunya News provides a more diverse range of perspectives when portraying political leaders, encompassing frames such as party manifesto, party previous performance, and voting worth, in contrast to Geo News, which maintains a more consistent distribution of emphasis across different frames. Findings also revealed that Nawaz Sharif’s frames prominently centered on the manifesto category. On the other hand, Imran Khan received coverage under the attributes of leaders’ character while party performance was a common attribute covered related to politicians.

Hres Integrated Dstatcom Using High Gain Sepic-Zeta Based Woa Optimized Anfis-Mppt Controller for Pq Issues

The power generated by renewable energy sources (RES), including photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy systems, are a great deal dependent on climate situations that result in Power Quality (PQ) issues, which require rapid adjustment of energy transmission and distribution systems. As a solution, (Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator) DSTATCOM is implemented for reactive power compensation, reducing voltage sag, swell, and THD. A novel High-gain SEPIC-ZETA converter is designed in this study to enhance the voltage obtained from the PV system with high efficiency. On the other hand, the proposed work aims to improve PQ issues using DSTATCOM with PV-Wind and battery systems. Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based Maximum Power Point (MPPT) controller is adopted for tracking optimal power from the PV and to tune the parameters of this controller adopting Whale optimization algorithm (WOA). Moreover, the PWM rectifier is employed to convert the AC supply from the wind energy system to DC and it is controlled by the Proportional Integral (PI) controller. Hysteresis Current Controller (HCC) is incorporated to generate reference current based on Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory, which is required for the reduction of harmonics. Three phase voltage source inverter is integrated to convert DC-AC supply for distributing the energy supply to load application. Finally, the anticipated work is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and the comparative analysis is made towards the conventional topologies to authenticate the proficiency of the developed work. As a consequence, the outcomes demonstrate the improved PQ with a lower THD value of 0.72% with high tracking efficiency is accomplished by the proposed technique.