This article studies a class of implicit fractional differential equations involving a Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative under Dirichlet boundary conditions (DBCs). Using classical fixed-point theory techniques due to Banch’s and Krasnoselskii, a qualitative analysis of the concerned problem for the existence of solutions is established. Furthermore, some results about the stability of the Ulam type are also studied for the proposed problem. Some pertinent examples are given to justify the results.