Fourier Transform Infrared Patterns Research Articles

Analysis of Carbon Functional Groups through FTIR Patterns in The Preparation of Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO)

The preparation of Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) through oil palm fiber biomass using a strong acid activation method with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) media, followed by application of microwave waves, is an interesting approach to obtain RGO. The study primarily focused on using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technique to detect the formation of RGO based on changes in functional groups. The success of the formation of this RGO was confirmed by the presence of sharp and widening peak in the range of wave numbers 3254-3399 cm-1 which was OH-stretching. the longer the microwave wave is applied, the narrower the OH-stretching peak due to the removal of oxygen due to the application of microwave wave.

Preparation and Properties of Formic Acid Intercalated Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxides Deicing Additive

Formic acid intercalated Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (Mg-Al Fo-LDH) was prepared by calcination reduction intercalation assembly technology. The structure of the deicing additive was characterized by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The freezing point of aqueous solution with different quality of deicing additive and the surface freezing point and adhesion of asphalt mixture were tested. The results show that formic acid ion has been intercalated into the interlayer of Mg-Al layered double hydroxide by FTIR and XRD patterns. The freezing point of 5wt% Mg-Al Fo-LDH aqueous solution reaches -9.32 °C, while the surface freezing point of the asphalt mixture mixed with 5wt% Mg-Al Fo-LDH is -6.5°C. At -8 °C, the adhesion force of the surface ice layer is 78.4N, and after the asphalt mixture is soaked in water, the surface freezing point and adhesion force of the ice layer do not change.

Human Teeth-Derived Bioceramics for Improved Bone Regeneration.

Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is one of the most promising candidates of the calcium phosphate family, suitable for bone tissue regeneration due to its structural similarities with human hard tissues. However, the requirements of high purity and the non-availability of adequate synthetic techniques limit the application of synthetic HAp in bone tissue engineering. Herein, we developed and evaluated the bone regeneration potential of human teeth-derived bioceramics in mice′s defective skulls. The developed bioceramics were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The developed bioceramics exhibited the characteristic peaks of HAp in FTIR and XRD patterns. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique was applied to determine the Ca/P molar ratio in the developed bioceramics, and it was 1.67. Cytotoxicity of the simulated body fluid (SBF)-soaked bioceramics was evaluated by WST-1 assay in the presence of human alveolar bone marrow stem cells (hABMSCs). No adverse effects were observed in the presence of the developed bioceramics, indicating their biocompatibility. The cells adequately adhered to the bioceramics-treated media. Enhanced bone regeneration occurred in the presence of the developed bioceramics in the defected skulls of mice, and this potential was profoundly affected by the size of the developed bioceramics. The bioceramics-treated mice groups exhibited greater vascularization compared to control. Therefore, the developed bioceramics have the potential to be used as biomaterials for bone regeneration application.

Influence of Mg2+ substitution on structural, optical, magnetic, and antimicrobial properties of Mn–Zn ferrite nanoparticles

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles (NPs) have a prominent interest from researchers in the field of industrial and biomedical applications. Herein, Mg2+-substituted Mn–Zn ferrites with nominal composition Mn0.5Zn0.5−xMgxFe2O4 NPs (x = 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, and 0.5) are synthesized via a facile sol–gel method. The samples after sintered at 1173 K are characterized via the X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, the energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDX), high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) technique. The XRD and FTIR patterns reveal that the formation of the cubic phase of Mn0.5Zn0.5−xMgxFe2O4 NPs. Also, small peaks associated with the phase of hematite (α-Fe2O3) are observed due to the heating of spinel ferrites. The optical band gap for Mg2+-substituted Mn–Zn ferrites ranges between 1.36 and 1.78 eV. The saturation magnetization is enhanced with increasing Mg2+ concentration. Furthermore, the M–H curves show a typical S-shaped exhibiting superparamagnetic nature for the studied samples. Also, the anisotropy constant enhances as Mg2+ content increases in Mn–Zn NPs. Overall, the results revealed that the Mn0.5Zn0.5−xMgxFe2O4 NPs presented a unique properties, and consequently, they can be candidate materials for transformer's cores, antenna, and switching applications. On other hands, antimicrobial potential of the produced ferrite NPs was estimated towards multidrug-resistant (MDR) yeast and bacteria creating urinary tract infection (UTI). All the prepared ferrite NPs showed a hopeful antimicrobial potential upon all UTI-causing pathogens. Between them, Mn0.5Mg0.5 Fe2O4 NPs at 20 µg/ml was the most promising ferrite NPs produced superior antimicrobial activity due to the narrow band gap.

Hepatotoxicity and chromosomal abnormalities evaluation due to single and repeated oral exposures of chromium oxide nanoparticles in Wistar rats.

Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have widespread uses ranging from nanoelectronics to nanotherapeutics. Because of their expanding industrial applications, a better understanding of their toxicity is needed. So far, limited reports are available on chromium oxide NPs (Cr2O3 NPs) toxicity. In this work, Cr2O3 NPs were synthesized and characterized in a sequential manner using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Dose- and time-dependent toxicity assessment of Cr2O3 NPs was carried out in Wistar rats by examining liver function biomarkers, tissue histopathology, micronuclei (MN) formation, and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) in bone marrow along with sperm abnormalities. The results of this study demonstrated typical XRD and FTIR patterns of Cr2O3 NPs with a size of approximately 23.47 nm. Animals exposed to Cr2O3 NPs, exhibited a significant increase in aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyltransferase, and total bilirubin, signifying liver injury. Histopathology data also supported the marked alterations in the liver biochemistry of NPs-exposed animals. Further, an increase in the frequency of MN, CA, and sperm abnormalities suggested Cr2O3 NPs-mediated genotoxicity. It is, therefore, suggested that possible safety issues of Cr2O3 NPs should be addressed promptly with limited future use in occupational settings.

Antifungal properties of phosphatidylcholine-oleic acid liposomes encapsulating garlic against environmental fungal in wheat bread

Liposomes have gained great interest in the food and pharmaceutical industry as colloidal carriers of bioactive compounds. In this work, liposomes of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and oleic acid (OA) encapsulating garlic extract (GE) were developed to determine its aptitude as antifungal agent in wheat bread. The influence of GE on the properties of liposomes were followed by determination of size, Zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared patterns (FTIR), morphology, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TGA) techniques. The produced PC-OA-GE liposomes showed spherical morphology with narrow size distribution, entrapment efficiency of 79.7% and zeta potential of −27.9 mV. In vitro antifungal test showed noticeable inhibitory activities for free and encapsulated GE against selected fungal strains. TGA analysis revealed that the presence of OA and GE in the formulation retards the liposomal thermal decomposition, as compared with the pure PC liposomes and the DSC enthalpy and main transition temperature variation in PC-OA-GE liposomes suggested a strong heat-induced rigidifying effect that could be attributed to the presence of garlic polysaccharides in the liposome surface, observed by FTIR. In the in situ test, the bread formulations with free or liposome-encapsulated GE (0.65 mL/100 g of dough) were microbiologically more stable as compared with the controls, showing mold inhibition for five days. Therefore, liposomes formulated with OA and GE showed potential as natural antifungal agent in bakery products.

Detecting the antibacterial activity of green synthesized silver (Ag) nanoparticles functionalized with ampicillin (Amp)

In the current study, synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) before and after functionalization with ampicillin antibiotic and their application as anti-pathogenic agents towards bacteria were investigated. AgNPs were synthesized by a green method from AgNO3 solution with glucose subjected to microwave radiation. Characterization of the nanoparticles was conducted using UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), zeta potential determination and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. From SEM analysis, the typical silver nanoparticle particle size was found to be 30 nm and Zeta potential measurements gave information about particle stability. Analysis of FTIR patterns and UV-VIS spectroscopy confirmed the production of nanosilver particles. The activity of produced silver NP was tested against three pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii) in both liquid and solid growth medium. AgNPs presented potential antibacterial activity, against tested bacteria. Ag and Ag-AMP nanoparticles were detected to have penitent antimicrobial. The optical density (OD) of the culture solution and measuring zones of inhibition were used to monitor the growth of bacteria in liquid and solid growth medium respectively

Detecting the antibacterial activity of green synthesized silver (Ag) nanoparticles functionalized with ampicillin (Amp)

In the current study, synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) before and after functionalization with ampicillin antibiotic and their application as anti-pathogenic agents towards bacteria were investigated. AgNPs were synthesized by a green method from AgNO3 solution with glucose subjected to microwave radiation. Characterization of the nanoparticles was conducted using UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), zeta potential determination and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. From SEM analysis, the typical silver nanoparticle particle size was found to be 30 nm and Zeta potential measurements gave information about particle stability. Analysis of FTIR patterns and UV-VIS spectroscopy confirmed the production of nanosilver particles. The activity of produced silver NP was tested against three pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii) in both liquid and solid growth medium. AgNPs presented potential antibacterial activity, against tested bacteria. Ag and Ag-AMP nanoparticles were detected to have penitent antimicrobial. The optical density (OD) of the culture solution and measuring zones of inhibition were used to monitor the growth of bacteria in liquid and solid growth medium respectively

Efficient photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine-B by Fe doped CuS diluted magnetic semiconductor nanoparticles under the simulated sunlight irradiation

The present work is planned for a simple, inexpensive and efficient approach for the synthesis of Cu1-xFexS (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.07) nanoparticles via simplistic chemical co-precipitation route by using ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) as a capping molecules. As synthesized nanoparticles were used as competent catalysts for degradation of rhodamine-B organic dye pollutant. The properties of prepared samples were analyzed with energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible optical absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, Raman spectra and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). EDAX spectra corroborated the existence of Fe in prepared nanoparticles within close proximity to stoichiometric ratio. XRD, FTIR and Raman patterns affirmed that configuration of single phase hexagonal crystal structure as that of (P63/mmc) CuS, without impurity crystals. The average particle size estimated by TEM scrutiny is in the assortment of 5–10 nm. UV-visible optical absorption measurements showed that band gap narrowing with increasing the Fe doping concentration. VSM measurements revealed that 3% Fe doped CuS nanoparticles exhibited strong ferromagnetism at room temperature and changeover of magnetic signs from ferromagnetic to the paramagnetic nature with increasing the Fe doping concentration in CuS host lattice. Among all Fe doped CuS nanoparticles, 3% Fe inclusion CuS sample shows better photocatalytic performance in decomposition of RhB compared with the pristine CuS. Thus as synthesized Cu0·97Fe0·03S nanocatalysts are tremendously realistic compounds for photocatalytic fictionalization in the direction of organic dye degradation under visible light.

Effect of WO3 on the structure and properties of low sintering temperature and high strength vitrified bonds

The CaOB2O3Al2O3SiO2 vitrified bonds are widely used in the manufacture of diamond abrasive tools. The effects of different amounts of WO3 on the structure and properties of the SiO2B2O3Al2O3CaO system vitrified bonds were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), bending strength, thermal expansion coefficients (CTE) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). FT-IR and XRD patterns suggested that the [BO4] tetrahedron decreased, and [BO3] triangle and CaWO4 phase increased with increasing WO3. The bending strength and thermal expansion coefficients (CTE) analyses showed that bending strength of the vitrified bonds increased with increasing WO3, which reached its maximum of 114 MPa, and the CTEs of the varied vitrified bonds approximated to 6.8020 × 10−6 °C−1. The SEM analyses showed the vitrified bond completely wetted diamond grains, enhancing the properties of vitrified bond effectively.

A novel resorbable strontium-containing α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate bone substitute: a preparation and preliminary study

Distraction osteogenesis after aggrieved bone segment resections is promising in the treatment of bone tumors and osteomyelitis. However, there is ambiguity with regard to the optimal choice of bone substitute, with biodegradability and excellent bone repair performance constituting key requirements. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel resorbable strontium-containing α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (Sr-CaS) bone substitute to provide an alternative option for surgeons that better meets these requirements. The Sr-CaS was prepared using co-precipitation and hydrothermal methods and analyzed using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) scanning and thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimeter (TG–DSC) patterns. Cytotoxicity by tetrazolium bromide (MTT), sub-acute toxicity and hemolysis tests were performed to assess the initial biocompatibility of the new bone substitute. Radiographic analysis, micro-CT measurements and histological observation were used to evaluate the bone repair ability in rat tibia bone defects. The XRD and FTIR patterns of Sr-CaS were both very similar to CaS and the product had comparable characteristics similar to α-CaS as demonstrated by TG-DSC. Cytotoxicity of the substitute was class 1 (no cytotoxicity) and hemolysis was 4.3% (no hemolysis). Sub-acute toxicity was not seen after a 14 day evaluation. The substitute was radio-opaque. The empty group exhibited the lowest levels of both bone mineral densities (BMD) and bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) of the defects when compared to all other groups. The two Sr-CaS groups resulted in significantly greater BMDs and BV/TV of the defect compared to the CaS only group. However, there was no significant difference between the 5% and 10% Sr-CaS groups. The Sr-CaS was resorbable with satisfactory biocompatibility. The doped strontium ions enhanced the bone repair performance of CaS in a rat model and the new substitute demonstrated promising results for clinical use.

Application of Micro‐Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to Ink Examination in Signatures Written with Ballpoint Pen on Questioned Documents

Questioned documents examined in a forensic laboratory sometimes contain signatures written with ballpoint pen inks; these signatures were examined to assess the feasibility of micro-attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy as a forensic tool. Micro-ATR FTIR spectra for signatures written with 63 ballpoint pens available commercially in Korea were obtained and used to construct an FTIR spectral database. A library-searching program was utilized to identify the manufacturer, blend, and model of each black ballpoint pen ink based upon their FTIR peak intensities, positions, and patterns in the spectral database. This FTIR technique was also successfully used in determining the sequence of homogeneous line intersections from the crossing lines of two ballpoint pen signatures. We have demonstrated with a set of sample documents that micro-ATR FTIR is a viable nondestructive analytical method that can be used to identify the origin of the ballpoint pen ink used to mark signatures.

Preparation, characterization and gas sensitivity of polypyrrole/γ-Fe2O3 hybrid materials

Polypyrrole (PPy)/γ-Fe2O3 hybrid materials were prepared by sol–gel polymerization in situ and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG–DTA) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The gas sensitivities in CO, H2, NH3, ethanol or acetone atmospheres were determined at 30°C, 60°C and 90°C. FT-IR and XRD patterns suggest that ferric oxide in the hybrids was γ-Fe2O3, with a diameter of approximately 5nm. TG–DTA and HRTEM analyses showed that different reactant molar ratios of pyrrole monomer: Fe(NO3)3·9H2O resulted in different microstructures of γ-Fe2O3 and molecular weights of PPy. An increased amount of Fe(NO3)3·9H2O increased the degree of uniformity of the molecular weight of PPy and resulted in a change of γ-Fe2O3 microstructure from granular to stick particles. The results of gas sensitivities showed that the PPy/γ-Fe2O3 hybrids exhibited high sensitivity to NH3 at mild operating temperature (<100°C). Furthermore, the sensing mechanism was also discussed.

Properties of Montmorillonite-Reinforced Thermoplastic Sago Starch Composites

In this work, biodegradable polymer was prepared from thermoplastic sago starch (TPSS) plasticized with glycerol. In order to improve the properties of the TPSS, Montmorillonite (MMT), a kind of reinforced additive was used in the preparation of montmorillonite-reinforced thermoplastic sago starch (MTRSS) composites via hot pressing method. The fabricated samples were investigated through X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) as well as thermal and morphological properties. FT-IR patterns show that in the MTRSS composites, the C-O groups of sago starch molecules shifted to higher wave number, while the reactive hydroxyl groups of MMT shifted to the lower wavenumber. On the other hand, X-ray diffraction revealed that MMT restrained the crystallization of MTRSS and intercalated in TPSS. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the thermal stability of MTRSS was better than those of TPSS. In addition, the scanning electron micrograph results show that MMT were uniformly dispersed in the TPSS.

Properties of Montmorillonite-Reinforced Thermoplastic Sago Starch Composites

In this work, biodegradable polymer was prepared from thermoplastic sago starch (TPSS) plasticized with glycerol. In order to improve the properties of the TPSS, Montmorillonite (MMT), a kind of reinforced additive was used in the preparation of montmorillonite-reinforced thermoplastic sago starch (MTRSS) composites via hot pressing method. The fabricated samples were investigated through X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) as well as thermal and morphological properties. FT-IR patterns show that in the MTRSS composites, the C-O groups of sago starch molecules shifted to higher wave number, while the reactive hydroxyl groups of MMT shifted to the lower wavenumber. On the other hand, X-ray diffraction revealed that MMT restrained the crystallization of MTRSS and intercalated in TPSS. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the thermal stability of MTRSS was better than those of TPSS. In addition, the scanning electron micrograph results show that MMT were uniformly dispersed in the TPSS.

Microstructural, mechanical, and osteocompatibility properties of Mg2+/F−‐doped nanophase hydroxyapatite

Pure as well as Mg(2+)- and F(-)-doped nanophase (i.e., grain sizes in the nanometer regime in at least one dimension) hydroxyapatite (HA) samples were synthesized by a precipitation method followed by sintering at 1100 degrees C for 1 h to determine their microstructural, mechanical, and osteoblast (bone-forming cell) adhesion properties pertinent for orthopedic applications. Different amounts of Mg(2+) and F(-) ions (specifically from 0 to 7.5 mol %) were doped into the HA samples. X-ray diffraction was used to identify the presence of crystalline phases, lattice parameters, and crystal volumes of the samples. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) was further used to chemically characterize HA, and thus FTIR patterns revealed the characteristic absorption bands of HA. Microhardness measurements were also performed to assess mechanical properties of the novel formulations. Results of this study showed an improvement in sample density for some of the samples, which was a consequence of the molar percentage variation of the dopants. Moreover, in most of the samples doped with Mg, beta-tricalcium phosphate was observed as a second phase to HA. In addition, 1% Mg- and 2.5% F-doped HA had the highest microhardness values. Lastly, results demonstrated the highest osteoblast densities when the HA samples were doped with 2.5-7.5% Mg(2+) and F(-). Thus, the results of this study suggest that decreasing the grain size of HA into the nanometer regime and doping HA with Mg(2+) and F(-) can potentially increase the efficacy of HA for orthopedic applications.

Effect of Drying Methods on Swelling, Erosion and Drug Release from Chitosan–Naproxen Sodium Complexes

The purpose of this research was to explore theapplication of ionic interactions between naproxen sodium (NS) and chitosan (CH) in complexes (NSC) prepared by tray drying (TD) and spray drying (SD) methods. Drug-polymer ratio (1:1) in the NSC was optimized on the basis of dialysis studies. The particulate systems of NSC were prepared by tray drying (TD) and spray drying (SD) methods. Release retarding polymers were added to the NSC and to the physical mixtures containing NS-CH and their effects on water uptake, matrix erosion and drug release at different pH were compared. Spray dried complexes (SDC) were spherical, free flowing, light and fine amorphous particles in contrast to the crystalline, hard, tenacious, irregularly shaped, denser tray dried complexes (TDC) with poor flowability. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) patterns confirm the conversion of crystalline to high energy amorphous phase suitable for ionic interactions in NSC. Presence of release retarding polymers, kappa carrageenan and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) in the NSC compacts retarded the drug release and improved the matrix integrity. Carrageenan matrices exhibited more retardation than HPMC tablets. FTIR patterns, erosion, swelling and drug release from matrices support ionic interactions between NS and CH in NSC. The reasons for retarded drug release from the chitosan matrices at acidic pH include poor solubility of drug at acidic pH, formation of a rate limiting polymer gel barrier along the periphery of matrices and the ionic interactions between oppositely charged moieties.

Artificial neural network based identification of Campylobacter species by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Two prototypes of artificial neural network (ANN), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and probabilistic neural network (PNN), were used to analyze infrared (IR) spectral data obtained from intact cells belonging to the species Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni. In order to establish a consistent identification and typing procedure, mid infrared spectra of these species were obtained by means of a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscope. FT-IR patterns belonging to 26 isolates subclassified into 4 genotypes were pre-processed (normalized, smoothed and derivatized) and grouped into training, verification and test sets. The two architectures tested (PNN, MLP) were developed and trained to identify or leave unassigned a number of IR patterns. Two window ranges (w 4, 1200 to 900 cm − 1 ; and w 5, 900 to 700 cm − 1 ) in the mid IR spectrum were presented as input to the ANN models functioning as pattern recognition systems. No matter the ANN used all the training sets were correctly identified at subspecies level. For the test set, the four-layer MLP network was found to be specially suitable to recognize FT-IR data since it correctly identified 99.16% of unknowns using the w 4 range, and was fully successful in detecting atypical patterns from closely related Campylobacter strains and other bacterial species. The PNN network obtained lower percentages in assignation and rejection. Overall, ANNs constitute an excellent mathematical tool in microbial identification, since they are able to recognize with a high degree of confidence typical as well as atypical FT-IR fingerprints from Campylobacter spp.

Clay-mineral signatures of fossil and active hydrothermal circulations in the geothermal system of the Lamentin Plain, Martinique

Whereas the study of clay minerals (using parameters such as structure modifications, crystal chemistry) has proved to be an effective approach in order to mark the circulation zones and fluid temperatures in high-temperature systems, there is an important lack of data dealing with such problems in moderate- to low-temperature systems. This paper proposes to fill this lack by studying the site of the Lamentin Plain (Martinique), characterized by a low-temperature geothermal activity (50°C< T<90°C). Preliminary data acquired on the three studied exploration wells (LA01, LA02 and LA03) show that the current low-temperature geothermal activity is particularly well expressed through the LA03 well. This low-temperature activity is superimposed on evidence of a high-temperature fossil activity, particularly well expressed in the non-productive levels of the LA01 and LA02 wells. After a petrographic characterization, this work focuses on the textural and microstructural properties of the low-temperature hydrothermal clay phases utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The petrographic observations have permitted successive hydrothermal events to be recognized, which express the thermal collapse of the system, as shown by the superposition of ancient episodes, characterized by vein and pervasive alterations of high to moderate temperatures, and recent episodes, characterized by alterations associated with present-day circulations of low-temperature fluids. The fossil activity results from several hydrothermal episodes, with fluid temperatures ranging from 100 to over 200°C. Illitic phases (i.e. I/S ( R=1) to illite) appear as the main markers of the fossil solution paths, due to their abundant development close to major veins and fractures, while chloritic phases (chlorite, corrensite) seem to mark a pervasive alteration, better preserved further from the fossil solution channels. On the other hand, the recent hydrothermal alteration is characterized by the massive presence of kaolinite, dioctahedral smectite and siderite. Whereas smectites are only observed abundantly farther from the current solution channels, kaolinite appears to be the dominant clay mineral in these channels, or in the surroundings of sealed fractures which do not currently drain any more hydrothermal fluids. The crystallinity estimations on XRD and FTIR patterns from the <2 μm fraction, along with SEM morphological observations, clearly show that the microstructural and textural properties of the kaolinites can be related to fluid temperatures. Indeed, kaolinites with the best crystallinity, or the best-ordered, are located in the fractures carrying the hottest fluid temperature (90°C). The comparison with the other flow paths, with fluids of lower temperature (50 and 70°C), shows that the kaolinite crystallinity decreases with temperature. As a consequence, while kaolinite appears to be the signatory clay mineral of the present-day fluid circulation in the Lamentin Plain, its crystallinity can be interpreted as a tracer of the fluid temperature.