Institutional Foundations Research Articles

INSTITUTIONAL ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC FOUNDATIONS OF BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BASED ON INTEGRATION AND COOPERATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL STATE

The article reveals the institutional, organizational and economic foundations of entrepreneurship development based on integration and cooperation in wartime conditions. The theoretical and methodological foundations of integration-cooperative relations in the agrarian sphere and modern practices of integrated structures te formation and functioning are analyzed. The main essential characteristics of the main types of integration are considered, with the definition of the main economic interests, which are stimulating factors of the institutional ability to realize the potential of combining economic and social capabilities of entrepreneurs in the agrarian sector of the national economy. The main problems of the development of agrarian entrepreneurship in the conditions of Russian military aggression are determined, with an assessment of the role of integration processes in overcoming negative phenomena. Conceptual assessments of the development of entrepreneurship with using of the cooperation mechanism to strengthen institutional capacities of the effective functioning of the agrarian sector of the Ukrainian economy in wartime conditions have been updated. The main trends of state support for the development of entrepreneurship in agriculture are characterized and the priority directions of state influence to strengthen the economic positions of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises are determined. Methods used: monographic, comparative, expert assessment. Organizational and economic trends were identified and institutional dynamics of entrepreneurship development based on cooperation and integration under the influence of wartime risks were established. Keywords: entrepreneurship, integration, cooperation, agricultural sector, regulation

Revitalizing The Higher Education Curriculum Through An Artificial Intelligence Approach: An Overview

Background. Higher education is faced with the challenges of global change which requires innovative curriculum adaptations. In this context, this research aims to develop practical guidelines for higher education institutions in implementing curriculum changes by utilizing artificial intelligence (AI). Purpose. The aim of the research is to develop practical guidelines for higher education institutions in order to implement innovative curriculum changes and responsive to global change. Method. Research methodology uses a quantitative approach with survey design. Identify key variables, including students’ understanding of AI, preferences for AI learning methods, and their views on its impact on the learning experience. The research process involved developing a comprehensive survey instrument with questions designed to gain in-depth insight into student perceptions. The research sample consisted of 20 respondents from higher education program students who were randomly selected. Surveys can be carried out online or through face-to-face interviews. Results. Data analysis involves statistical methods, including descriptive analysis, categorization, and coding to identify patterns in student responses. The survey results reflect a positive level of understanding (70%) and confidence (80%) of students in the role of AI in improving the quality of learning. There is a group that is neutral (20%), indicating the need for further understanding. Conclusion. The survey results create a comprehensive picture of student perceptions and preferences for AI in higher education. Most respondents showed positive acceptance of this technology, with about half expressing a preference for learning involving AI. Overall, this research provides a foundation for higher education institutions to design effective communication and expectation management strategies to ensure optimal acceptance and participation in AI implementation.

Evolution of government and market under China’s reform era: through the perspective of state capacity

There are two main stream theories explaining China’s rapid economic development in the reform era: new institutionalism and developmental state theory. Realizing the weaknesses of two main stream theories and based on China’s unique experience as both a transitional economy and developing economy that experienced rapid industrialization and marketization, scholars also developed other theories with some revisions of the above two mainstream theories. While these theories have very different focuses, they agree on the importance of state capacity. The author argues that the Chinese Communist Party composes the institutional foundation of state capacities to promote economic growth and build market institutions, and discusses three important aspects of how party strength and state capacity helped the market transition, government restructuring and enterprise reform. The future challenges are discussed in the conclusion.

Інституційні засади бюджетного планування

The study of the institutional foundations of budget planning determines the activities of institutions in the field of forming the revenue part of the budget, effective planning of the expenditure part, ensuring the balance of the budget and increasing the level of macro­economic balance, which is especially relevant during the period of martial law in order to adapt the institutional environment to social, economic and social transformations in the country. The institutional environment of budget planning is important, as one of the main regulators of budget relations, with the aim of ensuring macroeconomic balance both in the short-term period and in the medium-term perspective. Adaptation of the institutional environment to social and economic changes and determination of priority directions for the further development of financial and budgetary relations require attention. The article aims to reveal the institutional foundations of budget planning in the system of macroeconomic regulation. The main research methods are dialectical and systemic. Structural, com­parative, factorial and logical methods were also used. In the course of the research, the essence of the institutional environment of budget planning was determined, the content of the budget institute and the budget policy institute was revealed. Adaptive changes in the institutional environment of budget formation, which were caused by the start of a full-scale war, are analyzed and priority directions for further improvement and development of the institutional environment of budget planning are given. Effective institutional environment of budget planning has a significant impact on the level of macroeconomic balance, social and economic development of the country and achievement of priorities determined by medium-term social goals. The state of war on the territory of Ukraine has become a rather significant challenge, including for the financial and budgetary institutional environment. The conducted study of the current legislative framework indicates a gradual change in the institutional environment of budget formation before transformations in social, economic, and public relations. Further impro­vement and development of the institutional environment for budget formation in terms of creation and implementation of effective financial mecha­nisms is appropriate, in order to ensure macroeconomic stability and further socio-economic development of the country.

The Role of the OECD and NGO’s in Central Asian Republics by Transforming Their Systems

Central Asia is a region, containing five countries, serving as an important oil and natural gas exporter, being inbetween Russia, China, and Iran. This region has been a subject to several regimes and civiliazations. Latelly it is being transformed to liberal democracy, by the Western influence. NGO-s bear one of the biggest role of injecting democracy to the Central Asia. Supported by the western governments and the support of international organizations such as the UN agencies and the World Bank. This article will talk about the difficulties and role these NGO-s, local and international, play in the democratization of the Central Asian countries, who for ages suffered from the isolation. This has neither been an easy job and nor a safe one. There has been a lot of difficulties but the foreign help in empowering the civil society, has succeeded on the spread of democracy. Transformation from one system to another, in this case from communism to democracy, found these countries unprepared, and thus they needed tranings and preparations for the civil society leaders. In this article I will also explain the role of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe and the Europian Union, in helping the civil society, NGO-s, to transform the country to further democracy, and also the role of these two important institutions in the foundation of democratic and liberal institutions of the Central Asia, like judicial, security, human rights, elections, etc..

Russian economy in the conditions of institutional transformation of moving towards a multipolar world

Aim. To identify the key institutional characteristics of the transition to a multipolar world and to substantiate the directions of development of the Russian economy during this transition, contributing to the restoration of Russia’s position as an economic and political center of power in the new model of the world order.Objectives. To consider the institutional foundations of the world order to determine the place of multipolarity among other types of world order; to trace the features of the transition to a multipolar world as an institutional transformation from the point of counteraction to the dominance of one superpower; to formulate the directions of transformation of the Russian economy during the transition to a multipolar world.Methods. Using general methods of scientific cognition, as well as institutional and civilizational approaches, the paper considers the transition to a multipolar world as a natural stage of transition to a new model of world order, reflecting the evolution of world economic patterns and their corresponding world orders.Results. The regulatory functions of formal and value-ethical institutions in the institutional environment of the world order, as well as the role of states and civilizations as their sources and guarantors are determined. Institutional gaps in the models of unipolar and multipolar worlds are revealed. The thesis that the movement to the multipolar world model implies institutional transformation in economic, socio-spiritual and political aspects is substantiated. The role of values and conscious efforts of states in the transition to a multipolar world is shown. The main challenges and threats in the transition to a multipolar world for the Russian economy are identified and the directions of efforts necessary for its strengthening are formulated.Conclusions. The transition to a multipolar world is a complex process of transformation of the institutions of the world order and the world economic order on the basis of taking into account the national interests and values of a large number of global actors. During the period of institutional transformation of the transition, the Russian state faces new challenges in the sociovalue, economic and political spheres. The development of the Russian economy in the transition period should become the basis for strengthening the economic and political power of the country, its national sovereignty and provide a worthy place for Russia in the new model of the world order.

Lightning Network Economics: Channels

Compared with existing payment systems, Bitcoin’s throughput is low. Designed to address Bitcoin’s scalability challenge, the Lightning Network (LN) is a protocol allowing two parties to secure bitcoin payments and escrow holdings between them. In a lightning channel, each party commits collateral toward future payments to the counterparty and payments are cryptographically secured updates of collaterals. The network of channels increases transaction speed and reduces blockchain congestion. This paper (i) identifies conditions for two parties to optimally establish a channel, (ii) finds explicit formulas for channel costs, (iii) obtains the optimal collaterals and savings entailed, and (iv) derives the implied reduction in congestion of the blockchain. Unidirectional channels costs grow with the square-root of payment rates, while symmetric bidirectional channels with their cubic root. Asymmetric bidirectional channels are akin to unidirectional when payment rates are significantly different, otherwise to symmetric bidirectional. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy. Funding: Partially supported by SFI (16/IA/4443, 16/SPP/3347), Columbia-IBM Center for Blockchain and Data Transparency, Chaire Fintech at University Paris Dauphine—PSL, Algorand Foundation, and Simons Institute.

ExplaiNAble BioLogical Age (ENABL Age): an artificial intelligence framework for interpretable biological age

Biological age is a measure of health that offers insights into ageing. The existing age clocks, although valuable, often trade off accuracy and interpretability. We introduce ExplaiNAble BioLogical Age (ENABL Age), a computational framework that combines machine-learning models with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods to accurately estimate biological age with individualised explanations. To construct the ENABL Age clock, we first predicted an age-related outcome (eg, all-cause or cause-specific mortality), and then rescaled these predictions to estimate biological age, using UK Biobank and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets. We adapted existing XAI methods to decompose individual ENABL Ages into contributing risk factors. For broad accessibility, we developed two versions: ENABL Age-L, based on blood tests, and ENABL Age-Q, based on questionnaire characteristics. Finally, we validated diverse ageing mechanisms captured by each ENABL Age clock through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) association analyses. Our ENABL Age clock was significantly correlated with chronological age (r=0·7867, p<0·0001 for UK Biobank; r=0·7126, p<0·0001 for NHANES). These clocks distinguish individuals who are healthy (ie, their ENABL Age is lower than their chronological age) from those who are unhealthy (ie, their ENABL Age is higher than their chronological age), predicting mortality more effectively than existing clocks. Groups of individuals who were unhealthy showed approximately three to 12 times higher log hazard ratio than healthy groups, as per ENABL Age. The clocks achieved high mortality prediction power with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0·8179 for 5-year mortality and 0·8115 for 10-year mortality on the UK Biobank dataset, and 0·8935 for 5-year mortality and 0·9107 for 10-year mortality on the NHANES dataset. The individualised explanations that revealed the contribution of specific characteristics to ENABL Age provided insights into the important characteristics for ageing. An association analysis with risk factors and ageing-related morbidities and GWAS results on ENABL Age clocks trained on different mortality causes showed that each clock captures distinct ageing mechanisms. ENABL Age brings an important leap forward in the application of XAI for interpreting biological age clocks. ENABL Age also carries substantial potential in practical settings, assisting medical professionals in untangling the complexity of ageing mechanisms, and potentially becoming a valuable tool in informed clinical decision-making processes. National Science Foundation and National Institutes of Health.

Актуальные направления совершенствования контрольно-надзорной деятельности в сфере образования

The article is devoted to the analysis of a new model of control and supervisory activities of public authorities in the field of education, new approaches to its implementation. The analysis of the actual data on the results of the reform of control and supervisory activities in the Russian Federation, as well as the analysis of the results of the activities of control and supervisory authorities in the field of education. A special place in the article is given to the institutional foundations for improving control and supervisory activities in the Russian Federation and the types of state control (supervision) in the field of education. The authors have identified the main trends in changes in the regulatory legal framework for the implementation of control and supervisory activities of public authorities in the field of education and the basic principles of the formation of a new model of control and supervisory activities within the framework of the ‘regulatory guillotine’ mechanism — monitoring, prevention and risk-oriented approach. The basic principles of the introduction of a risk-based approach into the control and supervisory activities are analyzed, the system of attribution of objects of control in the field of education to a certain risk category is described. The directions of digitalization of supervision in the field of education are presented. The main tools of control and supervisory activities in the field of education are identified and characterized: licensing and accreditation of educational organizations. The article analyzes the problems of implementation of control and supervisory activities in the education sphere.

IMPROVING THE ORGANIZATIONAL MECHANISM OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN JOINT STOCK COMPANIES

The article substantiates the economic significance and relevance of the effective organization of a financial management system in joint-stock companies. The research works of scientists and economists, both foreign and domestic, in this area were studiedand the main conclusions and proposals were developed. The trends in the development of the capital market in Uzbekistan are analyzed. The organizational and institutional foundations of the financial management system in joint-stock companies in our country are also studied and information about its structural elements is provided.

The role of the institutional environment in land use planning in Iran: A conceptual framework

The intricate and multifaceted nature of Land Use Planning (LUP) necessitates a comprehensive exploration of its underlying structuring elements, notably institutions. In Iran, the complex interplay between formal and informal institutions, often fueled by their unrecognized roles, means realizing that effective LUP is fraught with formidable challenges. Our research introduces a conceptual framework for the institutional environment of LUP to gain a deeper understanding of the critical influencing factors and their interconnections in Iran. Exploring the institutional environment allows ways to mitigate the challenges in Iran's LUP to emerge. This qualitative research systematically reviews the literature and draws themes from secondary data. We then categorize Iran's land use challenges into two main areas: content-related and structural. Exploring these challenges can help us to identify the primary issues needing attention in the institutional environment of LUP, bringing us closer to understanding institutional factors in the conceptual model. The proposed framework, recognizing culture as the foundation of informal institutions, outlines formal and informal institutional components, emphasizing their interconnectedness. Subsequently, we explore the framework's significance in addressing the challenges within Iran's LUP system. Focusing on this framework and understanding Iran's institutional environment can reduce uncertainty in decision making. As a result, this research is a step towards the idealization of LUP and a basis for further studies.

Doctrinal interpretations of digitalisation as a general legal phenomenon

The article demonstrates the doctrinal interpretations of digitalisation as a general legal phenomenon. The emphasis is placed on the fact that the analysis of the content of scientific publications in the field of digitalisation of social relations indicates that priority in this area is still given to highly specialised issues which are studied mainly within the framework of branch legal sciences, primarily constitutional, judicial, administrative and civil law. Therefore, the study of digitalisation usually lacks a comprehensive nature, since the relevant issues are analysed without clarifying the conceptual basis of digitalisation. The approaches proposed in the national legal science to improve certain legal regulators and reorient legislation to regulate social relations in the field of digitalisation often fall behind the rapid development of the relevant processes.&#x0D; It is indicated that along with traditional law which is rapidly being digitised (moving into the virtual space from paper carriers), the phenomenon of digital law is emerging which is an intersectoral formation mediating social relations which take place in the virtual space (from cryptocurrency circulation to the provision of administrative services).&#x0D; Furthermore, emphasis is placed on the fact that in practice, the formation of new legal models of digitalisation of public relations in general and public administration in particular takes place outside the doctrine of social relations legalisation which has been developed by theoretical and legal science. Such an approach fundamentally contradicts the existing social needs, leads to managerial and law-making chaos and the lack of distinction between the truly objective needs for legal regulation of new relations and opportunistic managerial decisions which only selectively stimulate the regulatory impact of law on digitalisation. It also fails to ensure timely and effective legal regulation of the relevant range of rapidly emerging social relations that significantly transform the conventional way of life of society, the political, legal and value “image” of the state, its institutional and functional foundations, as well as the lifestyle of each citizen, including the set of his or her personal rights exercised in the public life of the digital age.

비교과 프로그램이 학습역량 향상에 미치는 영향

In this study, we tried to check the changes in the learning capabilities of students who participated in the program provided based on the comparative department system of University A, and to see whether there is a difference in the impact of the comparative department. To this end, a MANOVA analysis was conducted on 501 people who participated in the Comparative Division of University A using a learning competency measurement tool(DIA-LC). As a result, it was confirmed that study group learning tutoring learning consulting contributed to the improvement of linked learning capabilities, affecting 42% learning commitment, 34% practical learning, and 24% self-determination learning motivation. Based on this study, it is hoped that the non-subject, which positively affects students' learning capabilities, will be established as an axis of the curriculum closely linked to major and liberal arts, and the administrative and institutional foundation at the university level will be reorganized.

ADMINISTRATION OF ADVANCED TRAINING FOR AVIATION EXECUTIVES

The article is aimed the formation of modern approaches and administration principles regarding advanced training of aviation enterprise managers, the outline of pedagogical models and qualitative content of advanced training programs, the development of a single administrative mechanism to ensure the effectiveness of such pedagogical activities. Methods of research: the main scientific methods of formal logic, system analysis and the classification method were used during the work. The method of system analysis is applied accordingly to determine special and general mechanisms for ensuring the process of administration related to upgrading the qualifications of managers of aviation enterprises. The method of formal logic allows us to determine scientific views on the categories of pedagogical methods, legal support and possible results of training of managers of aviation enterprises. The method of classifications has enabled determining the ways of further improvement regarding the institutional foundations of the administration of advanced training of managers of aviation enterprises. Results: the study of the issue of the legal foundations of the administration of advanced training for the managers of aviation enterprises is part of the study of the problems related to legal pedagogy, economic and aviation law. The results presented in this scientific article allow us to determine further steps for solving the organizational and legal problems of organizing the training of managers of aviation enterprises. Discussion: the problems of advanced training of managers of aviation enterprises are applied from the standpoint of the development of legal pedagogy, economic and aviation law.

Вплив міжнародних економічних суб’єктів на державне регулювання економіки

Based on the concept of jointly-divided activities, the paper reveals the essence of the government’s regulation of economy as a sub-function of state’s economic functions, where the government is a bearer of society’s general economic interests. The work substantiates the positive and negative sides of the influence of international economic entities on economic policy by splitting up state’s own functions and state’s applied functions, so that the latter may contradict the former and be not corresponding to the essence of state. The author reveals the main interests of the triad of globalizers – TNCs, international organizations and developed countries. The study shows the asymmetric nature of the interaction between the open economies and the main international economic entities – international organizations and TNCs, which is due to the difference in their interests and opportunities to influence each other. The paper outlines the main causes and consequences of the negative influence of international organizations and TNCs on the government’s economic regulation in developed countries and other open economies. Revealed the problems of imposing unified rules on economic policy in transition economies by international organizations, of setting requirements for crediting, and of promoting the neoliberal concept and the austerity policy. The work analyzes the negative consequences of the influence of TNCs on state economic regulation, namely: the weakening of employees’ bargaining power and the fall of their incomes, the growth of inequality, the reduction of the tax burden on corporations, offshorization, the hypertrophied development of the financial sphere, etc. The study shows various methods to mitigate the consequences of the negative influence of TNCs on open economies. The paper highlights the main mechanisms of influence of international economic entities on state economic regulation. Revealed the main challenges of state economic regulation caused by the increasing influence of international economic entities and globalization in general. Based on these challenges, the paper highlights the following main necessary transformations of state economic regulation: (1) increasing the level of subjectivity of the state as a bearer of national interests, (2) ensuring institutional foundations for inclusive global development based on the principles of equality, justice and transparency, and (3) neutralizing the negative impact on national socio-economic security exerted by international actors.

Understanding the antecedents of patients’ missed appointments: the perspective of attribution theory

The occurrence of missed appointments from online outpatient bookings significantly hinders the operational efficiency of outpatient services. This study aimed to investigate various factors influencing patients’ missed appointments from online outpatient bookings. Drawing on attribution theory, an empirical analysis was conducted using 382,004 authentic online outpatient appointments. The empirical findings revealed that appointment lead-time, appointment time, weekday appointments, online doctor rating, appointment doctor’s expertise, patient distance, and previous outpatient visit experience significantly influenced patients’ missed appointment behaviors from online outpatient bookings. Importantly, previous outpatient experience positively moderated the relationship between the appointment doctor’s expertise and patients’ missed-appointment behavior. This study provides insights into the factors influencing patients’ missed-appointment behavior from online outpatient bookings. It further offers a theoretical foundation for medical institutions in China to mitigate the likelihood and adverse effects of patients’ missed-appointment behavior from online outpatient bookings.

Развитие наукоградов России: мониторинг проблем

The article is intended to raise the issue of Russian cities with the official status of “science city” according to the Federal Law “On the Status of Science City of the Russian Federation” dated April 7, 1999 № 70-FZ. The rele-vance is due to the strategic importance of innovation, education and science in the context of new external challenges to Russian society on the one hand, and the importance of science cities as cities with high scien-tific, technical and intellectual potential, a kind of centers for the development of innovative products, on the other. The institutional foundations of science cities’ activity are considered. It reveals a number of legal and managerial issues. In particular, there are problems in the mechanism of assignment/confirmation of the sci-ence city status, the terms of its prolongation, as well as difficulties associated with the development, approval and implementation of strategies for socio-economic development of science cities, limited municipal powers hampering socio-economic development. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the inconsistency of science city managerial processes leads to the fact that the socio-economic effect from the implementation of strategies does not have such a noticeable impact on the social infrastructure of science cities and the well-being of the population.

Fundraising Strategy Analysis For Orphans And Du'afa Non-Profit Yabara Foundation Sidoarjo

In Islam, doing good to anyone is ordered, because whoever wants to do good, is one of the lucky ones. This good deed includes amar ma'ruf which will have an impact on positive values and bring benefit both in this world and the hereafter. One of them is that we are encouraged to care for orphans and dhua'fa (weak economic groups), anyone who cares about this group apart from the rewards he gets will get great benefits. This research will analyze how the Fundraising Strategy for Orphans and Dhu'afa is carried out by the Yabara Foundation Sidoarjo, a foundation that cares for and often supports orphans and the du'afa. Through routine quarterly programs and annual Muharram moments, fundraising activities are driven by involving the community. The subject of this research is the Babussalam Bhayangkara Foundation (Yabara Foundation) Sidoarjo. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with primary and secondary research sources. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the research show that the fundraising strategy analysis was carried out in two ways 1). Mobilizing instrument fundraisers from foundation institutions that are in contact with residents 2) applying direct or indirect indicators. The result can be felt by the weak, especially orphans and the du'afa with a reduced economic burden that must be borne

Mapping the chemotactic landscape in NK cells reveals subset-specific synergistic migratory responses to dual chemokine receptor ligation

Natural killer (NK) cells have a unique capability of spontaneous cytotoxicity against malignant cells and hold promise for off-the-shelf cell therapy against cancer. One of the key challenges in the field is to improve NK cell homing to solid tumors. To gain a deeper understanding of the cellular mechanisms regulating trafficking of NK cells into the tumor, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry, mass cytometry, and single-cell RNA-sequencing combined with functional assays, creating a comprehensive map of human NK cell migration phenotypes. We found that the chemokine receptor repertoire of peripheral blood NK cells changes in a coordinated manner becoming progressively more diversified during NK cell differentiation and correlating tightly with the migratory response of the distinct NK cell subsets. Simultaneous ligation of CXCR1/2 and CX3CR1, synergistically potentiated the migratory response of NK cells. Analysis of 9471 solid cancers from publicly available TCGA/TARGET repositories revealed dominant chemokine patterns that varied across tumor types but with no tumor group expressing ligands for more than one chemokine receptor present on mature NK cells. The finding that chemokine stimulation can elicit a synergistic migratory response in NK cells combined with the identified lack of naturally occurring pairs of chemokines-chemokine receptors in human cancers may explain the systematic exclusion of NK cells from the tumor microenvironment and provides a basis for engineering next-generation NK cell therapies against malignancies. The Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the National Science Centre, Poland, The Norwegian Cancer Society, the Norwegian Research Council, the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, The Swedish Cancer Society, the Swedish Children's Cancer Foundation, The Swedish Research Council, The Center of Excellence: Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation and National Cancer Institute.

Social Procurement in the Chinese Construction Industry: Relevance, Drivers and Barriers to Implementation

This paper addresses the current imbalance in construction social procurement research toward Western countries with neo-liberal models of public governance. It does this by exploring the potential value of construction social procurement in the Chinese centralized unitary state and socialist market system. Findings from a survey of one hundred and sixty-four professionals from the Chinese construction industry are reported. They highlight the institutional foundations into which social procurement could be implemented and the significant untapped social value that could be created. However, they also show that for social procurement to achieve its full potential in the Chinese construction industry, such policies need to be underpinned by meaningful industry consultation, effective education and clearly mandated targets that create a market for social value. This paper contributes to the global advancement of social procurement research in construction by providing new insights into the implementation of social procurement beyond the narrow confines of the Western political and governmental orthodoxies where such research has hitherto been focused.