Form Of Principle Research Articles

Formulation of a maximum principle satisfying a numerical scheme for traffic flow models

We consider a non-local traffic flow model with Arrhenius look-ahead dynamics. In recent times, a maximum principle satisfying local conservation framework has been getting much attention, yet conventional numerical approximation scheme may lead to a breakdown of the maximum principle. In this paper, we construct a maximum principle satisfying a numerical scheme for a class of non-local conservation laws and present numerical simulations for the traffic flow models. The technique and the idea developed in this work are applicable to a large class of non-local conservation laws.

PRINSIP KETIDAKPASTIAN HEISENBERG DALAM TINJAUAN KEMAJUAN PENGUKURAN KUANTUM DI ABAD 21

The Heisenberg uncertainty principle is the basic foundation of quantum physics that characterizes quantum physics with classical physics. The Heisenberg uncertainty principle provides boundaries where there are no absolute measurement results in any quantum measurement. Along with the development of increasingly sophisticated measurement instruments in the 21st century, presents the opportunity for the emergence of modifications from the Heisenberg uncertainty principle from the general form of existing formulations. This study aims to provide an overview of the opportunities for Heisenberg uncertainty formulation and provide a description of the stages of the Heisenberg uncertainty formulation's uncertainty formulations that have been reviewed by previous researchers. The research method used is the method of literature study that aims to find out the background and theories of the development of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and to explain the formulation directly which aims to determine the technical sequence of modifications to the existing formulation. Through this research, the authors managed to get an opportunity for the emergence of new modifications to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle formulation.

The FAN principle and weak König's lemma in herbrandized second-order arithmetic

We introduce a herbrandized functional interpretation of a first-order semi-intuitionistic extension of Heyting Arithmetic and study its main properties. We then extend the interpretation to a certain system of second-order arithmetic which includes a (classically false) formulation of the FAN principle and weak König's lemma. It is shown that any first-order formula provable in this system is classically true. It is perhaps worthy of note that, in our interpretation, second-order variables are interpreted by finite sets of natural numbers.

Revolutionary Hope in Dark Times: Zizek on Faith in the Future

In this article, I interpret Zizek’s recent call to “abandon hope” and embrace the “courage of hopelessness,” as a provocation to articulate a new kind of utopia, rather than an endorsement of despair. On Zizek’s analysis, progressive hopes are currently directed towards fixing the existing situation, rather than accepting that the things that we hope will not happen are, in fact, about to happen—unless individuals, at last, summon the political resolution to act decisively. In a context of the “privatisation of hope,” however, where social despair has already been weaponised by the alt-Right, it is crucial to grasp Zizek’s intervention not as the expression of a tragic existential attitude of resignation to disaster, but as an effort to articulate the formal coordinates of a radical alternative. I interpret Zizek’s commentary, in the context of his overall theory of ideology, as an effort to articulate the “hope of the hopeless,” involving a kind of faith (in the future) without belief (in miracles), which requires the formulation of a new social principle that does not rely on the deceptive promise of a guaranteed positive outcome.

Socrates, Vlastos, Scanlon and the Principle of the Sovereignty of Virtue

This article offers a new formulation of the Socratic principle known as the Principle of the Sovereignty of Virtue (PSV). It is divided in three sections. In the first section I criticize Vlastos’ formulation of the PSV. In the second section I present the weighing model of practical deliberation, introduce the concepts of reason for action, simple reason, sufficient reason and conclusive reason that were offered by Thomas Scanlon in Being realistic about reasons (2014), and then I adapt these concepts so as to render them apt to be used in the formulation I intend to offer. In the third section I present my formulation of the PSV using the concepts introduced in the second section and explain why I believe this formulation is better than the one offered by Vlastos.

Classical theories with entanglement

We investigate operational probabilistic theories where the pure states of every system are the vertices of a simplex. A special case of such theories is that of classical theories, i.e. simplicial theories whose pure states are jointly perfectly discriminable. The usual Classical Theory satisfies also local discriminability. However, simplicial theories---including the classical ones---can violate local discriminability, thus admitting of entangled states. First, we prove sufficient conditions for the presence of entangled states in arbitrary probabilistic theories. Then, we prove that simplicial theories are necessarily causal, and this represents a no-go theorem for conceiving non-causal classical theories. We then provide necessary and sufficient conditions for simplicial theories to exhibit entanglement, and classify their system-composition rules. We conclude proving that, in simplicial theories, an operational formulation of the superposition principle cannot be satisfied, and that---under the hypothesis of $n$-local discriminability---no mixed state admits of a purification. Our results hold also in the general case where the sets of states fail to be convex.

Exact solution of Schrödinger equation in (anti-)de Sitter spaces for hydrogen atom

We write Schr\"odinger equation for the Coulomb potential in both de Sitter and Anti-de Sitter spaces using the Extended Uncertainty Principle formulation. We use the Nikiforov-Uvarov method to solve the equations. The energy eigenvalues for both systems are given in their exact forms and the corresponding radial wave functions are expressed in associated Jacobi polynomials for de Sitter space, while those of Anti-de Sitter space are given in terms of Romanovski polynomials. We have also studied the effect of the spatial deformation parameter on the bound states in the two cases.

The Ball-Based Origami Theorem and a Glimpse of Holography for Traversing Flows

This paper describes a mechanism by which a traversally generic flow v on a smooth connected $$(n+1)$$-dimensional manifold X with boundary produces a compact n-dimensional CW-complex $${\mathcal {T}}(v)$$, which is homotopy equivalent to X and such that X embeds in $${\mathcal {T}}(v)\times \mathbb R$$. The CW-complex $$\mathcal T(v)$$ captures some residual information about the smooth structure on X (such as the stable tangent bundle of X). Moreover, $${\mathcal {T}}(v)$$ is obtained from a simplicial origami map$$O: D^n \rightarrow {\mathcal {T}}(v)$$, whose source space is a ball $$D^n \subset \partial X$$. The fibers of O have the cardinality $$(n+1)$$ at most. The knowledge of the map O, together with the restriction to $$D^n$$ of a Lyapunov function $$f: X \rightarrow \mathbb R$$ for v, make it possible to reconstruct the topological type of the pair $$(X, {\mathcal {F}}(v))$$, were $${\mathcal {F}}(v)$$ is the 1-foliation, generated by v. This fact motivates the use of the word “holography” in the title. In a qualitative formulation of the holography principle, for a massive class of ODE’s on a given compact manifold X, the solutions of the appropriately staged boundary value problems are topologically rigid.

A Current Status of the Residual Stress Characterization by the Crystal Lattice Strain (Diffraction) Method

Peening and burnishing are the well-known cold working mechanical processes in many engineering applications. They induce compressive residual stresses on the surface and subsurface of the components, which enhance the functional performance such as fatigue and corrosion. Different methods to evaluate the surface compressive residual stress (CRS) are destructive (hole drilling, slitting, contour, layer exfoliation, crack compliance, etc.) and non-destructive (X-ray, neutron, and synchrotron diffractions, magnetic and ultrasonic methods, etc.). The non-destructive methods are becoming more popular in recent times because of their high reliability, accuracy, cost, and most importantly, re-use of the sample for further testing. The non-destructive diffraction methods evaluate the residual stresses by measuring the induced crystal lattice strain, based on the Bragg law principle. This review focuses on the surface compressive residual stress characterization of peened and burnished components by different non-destructive diffraction techniques. Additionally, the advantages and limitations of each diffraction method are described. Also, the basic principle and theoretical formulation of non-destructive diffraction techniques in determining residual stresses are discussed. A comparison of the compressive residual stress determined by destructive and nondestructive methods for peened Al 7075 alloy is presented. This review may be a guide for new researchers to identify the most suitable non-destructive diffraction technique according to their requirements.

ПРАВОВЫЕ ОСНОВЫ СОЮЗНОГО ГОСУДАРСТВА РОССИИ И БЕЛАРУСИ: РАЗВИТИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

The article examines particular features of the modern legal framework of the Union State of Russia and Belarus, as well as foundations of political and economic cooperation between Moscow and Minsk. Reciting positive integration outcomes in certain areas, the author gives examples of contradictions and incomplete provisions that are contained in the legislative documents of the Union State and that restrain the integration. According to the author, the current state of the Union legislation is such that the Union State, being in fact an emerging international organization, can not act as a subject of international law. Serious problems also accompany the implementation of bilateral relations between Russia and Belarus within the framework of this integration association, since the legal basis of the Union state is made up of normative acts that do not have the force of law, which are either purely declarative in nature, or are aimed at solving current organizational problems. The author emphasizes that from the legal point of view, the creation of a full-fledged Union state of Russia and Belarus is a feasible task. However, its implementation requires clear formulations of the basic principles of integration by the leaders of the Union republics, which is purely a political task.

A current status on the residual stress characterization by the crystal lattice strain (diffraction) method

Peening and burnishing are the well-known cold working mechanical processes in many engineering applications. They induce compressive residual stresses on the surface and subsurface of the components, which enhance the functional performance such as fatigue and corrosion. Different methods to evaluate the surface compressive residual stress (CRS) are destructive (hole drilling, slitting, contour, layer exfoliation, crack compliance, etc.) and non-destructive (X-ray, neutron, and synchrotron diffractions, magnetic and ultrasonic methods, etc.). The non-destructive methods are becoming more popular in recent times because of their high reliabi­lity, accuracy, cost, and most importantly, re-use of the sample for further testing. The non-destructive diffraction methods evaluate the residual stresses by measuring the induced crystal lattice strain, based on the Bragg law principle. This review focuses on the surface compressive residual stress characterization of peened and burnished components by different non-destructive diffraction techniques. Additionally, the advantages and limitations of each diffraction method are described. Also, the basic principle and theoretical formulation of non-destructive diffraction techniques in determining residual stresses are discussed. A comparison of the compressive residual stress determined by destructive and non-destructive methods for peened Al 7075 alloy is presented. This review may be a guide for new researchers to identify the most suitable non-destructive diffraction technique according to their requirements.

Experience in Teaching Mendeleev’s Periodic Law at National Research University

The article discusses the questions concerning the presentation of the essence of the D.I. Mendeleev’s Periodic Law in the modern educational process in the framework of general educational and special chemical disciplines “General Chemistry”, “Inorganic Chemistry” and others. Some incorrectness have been noted both in the formulation of the Periodic Law itself and in the formulations of principles that are fundamental to the interpretation of this law (Hund’s rule, Pauli’s principle, Klechkovsky’s rule). Also, the article proposes the amended formulations of Mendeleev’s Periodic Law and each of these three principles.

Saint-Venant principle for kinematic boundary conditions

A variant of the extended formulation of the Saint-Venant principle is formulated, including its generalization to kinematic parameters. Using the LIRA CAD software package, a numerical experiment is carried out, during which the zones of tangential stress disturbances in the support zone of a rigidly clamped I-beam under various kinematic boundary conditions are determined.

DIGITAL STRATEGY — INTEGRATED APPROACH AND GENERIC OPTIONS

The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated approach for a digital strategy including generic options. Our research is based on our previous contribution in which we have analysed and compared existing approaches on digital strategy. We expanded this research by conducting 13 semi-structured interviews to gain insights from experts on digital strategy (researchers and consultants). We also analysed 10 case studies collected using semi-structured interviews with company representatives. Our findings show that digital strategy, although still in its infancy, is currently a significant topic across several industries. The paper offers an integrated approach for the development of a digital strategy which consists of six phases: external strategic analysis, strategic forecasting, internal strategic analysis, strategic principle, strategic options and strategy formulation. Within the integrated approach we also deliver four generic digital strategies: product provider, service provider, product platform operator and service platform operator.

Dialectical Understanding of Information in the Context of the Artificial Intelligence Problems

It is shown that the implementation of breakthrough progress in artificial intelligence cannot be accomplished without a radical modernization of the methodological framework for research in this area. This upgrade can be performed only with the use of conceptual and methodological apparatus of dialectics. Its consistent application to objects, in either case connected with ideas about the intellect, results in the formulation of the dialectic symmetry principle. The first practical steps for the implementation of the proposed concept in practice are associated with the creation of a new education paradigm, which operates, including ideas that “education” being understood as a public institution, is not reducible to individual learning. Education in modern conditions can and should be viewed primarily as a tool to influence public consciousness, or more precisely, its subsystems.

Higgs Naturalness and Renormalized Parameters

A recently popular formulation of the Higgs naturalness principle prohibits delicate cancellations between running renormalized Higgs mass parameters and EFT matching corrections, by contrast with the principle’s original formulation, which prohibits delicate cancellations between the bare Higgs mass parameter and its quantum corrections. While the need for this latter cancellation is sometimes viewed as unproblematic since bare parameters are thought by some to be divergent and unphysical, renormalized parameters are finite and measurable, and the need for delicate cancellations between the renormalized Higgs mass parameter and EFT matching corrections is therefore considered by some to constitute a more salient formulation of the Higgs naturalness problem. Here, we argue that to the contrary, the need for fine tuning of the renormalized Higgs mass parameter is an eliminable, unphysical artifact of renormalization scheme, and that this severely weakens the grounds for regarding it as a problematic instance of fine tuning. In doing so, we highlight what we take to be a number of important conceptual lessons about the physical interpretation of model parameters in QFT.

The Stability Principle and global weak solutions of the free surface semi-geostrophic equations in geostrophic coordinates

The semi-geostrophic equations are used widely in the modelling of large-scale atmospheric flows. In this note, we prove the global existence of weak solutions of the incompressible semi-geostrophic equations, in geostrophic coordinates, in a three-dimensional domain with a free upper boundary. The proof, based on an energy minimization argument originally inspired by the Stability Principle as studied by Cullen, Purser and others, uses optimal transport techniques as well as the analysis of Hamiltonian ODEs in spaces of probability measures as studied by Ambrosio and Gangbo. We also give a general formulation of the Stability Principle in a rigorous mathematical framework.

Dual-support smoothed particle hydrodynamics in solid: variational principle and implicit formulation

We derive the dual-support smoothed particle hydrodynamics (DS-SPH) in solid within the framework of variational principle. The tangent stiffness matrix of SPH can be obtained with ease, and can be served as the basis for the present implicit SPH. We propose an hourglass energy functional, which allows the direct derivation of hourglass force and hourglass tangent stiffness matrix. The dual-support is involved in all derivations based on variational principles and is automatically satisfied in the assembling of stiffness matrix. The implementation of stiffness matrix comprises with two steps, the nodal assembly based on deformation gradient and global assembly on all nodes. Several numerical examples are presented to validate the method.

Axisymmetric free vibration and stress analyses of saturated porous annular plates using generalized differential quadrature method

The current study presents free vibration and stress analyses of an annular plate which is made of saturated porous materials based on the first order shear deformation plate theory which accounts for the shear deformation effects. The pores are distributed in the thickness direction according to three different types, namely, porosity nonlinear nonsymmetric distribution, porosity nonlinear symmetric distribution, and porosity monotonous distribution. Employing Hamilton’s principle and variational formulation, the motion equations are derived and solved via the generalized differential quadrature method as a highly accurate and rapid convergence numerical method for various boundary conditions. The results are validated with simpler cases in the literature and different parameters of the structures such as pores distribution, porosity, pressure of fluids within the pores, and also the aspect ratio of the plate is considered and discussed regarding their effects on the results. It is seen that enhancing the porosity coefficient which means increasing the void volume, reduces the structure’s stiffness more than its density and so the frequency and stresses decrease. The findings of this work may be useful to design structures with desired mechanical properties.

Uncertainty principle related to Flensted–Jensen partial differential operators

This paper deals with some formulations of the uncertainty principle associated to generalized Fourier transform [Formula: see text] related to Flensted–Jensen partial differential operators. The aim result is to prove the analogue of Bonami–Demange–Jaming’s theorem : A version of Beurling–Hörmander’s theorem which gives more precision in the form of nonzero functions verifying modified-Beurling’s condition. As application, we get analogous of Gelfand–Schilov’s theorem, Cowling–Price’s theorem and Hardy’s theorem for [Formula: see text].