Concept Of Reality Research Articles

Taking Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality to The Next Level: Artificial Intelligence with Mixed Reality

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have caused significant excitement, but Mixed reality (MR) offers an authentic experience beyond what they have are imagined and it takes this exciting experience to the next level. MR collides virtual data with natural objects, creating realistic physical and emotional interactions so that digital objects are positioned like natural objects in real environments and positioning takes place in real-time by aligning with real things. With the advent of Metaverse, the reality concepts are being redefined and highlighted by both businesses and academia. Apart from business value and high-tech aspects, Metaverse can include mystical, spiritual, and religious perspectives, as it is defined as a virtual and transitive structure in which we can exist by creating a duplicate of our existence in the physical world and its alternative. Through multidisciplinary analyzes and evaluations in this study, the possibility to provide not only the transition from the physical to the virtual, but also the transition from the virtual to the physical through transferring the data to the physical location, objects, or sensors is questioned.

Entrepreneurship in The World of Metaverse: Virtual or Real?

In this study, an in-depth literature review method was applied. Period; It examines academic studies and current information on the internet and its interpretation of entrepreneurship in the metaverse world. For those who want to be entrepreneurs in the world of Metaverse, business opportunities, conveniences and difficulties of Metaverse are evaluated. The concepts of virtual reality and virtual world, which are the leading steps of the rapidly developing digital age, are gaining importance. The metaverse world, which leads them and breaks new ground in the virtual world, is a universe in which it is predicted that investors will make large investments in terms of technology and economy. For this purpose, the researcher examined studies in the metaverse literature, and as a result of these studies, the subject of entrepreneurship in the metaverse world was discussed. In the metaverse world, the study results on entrepreneurship are seen as an opportunity to be seized economically. Those who will participate in the upcoming metaverse shift will seize this great opportunity. Another finding is that taking place in the metaverse world is not suitable for the time being in terms of costs. To avoid being affected by increasing costs, it is recommended that entrepreneurial individuals first determine a good idea and make a good feasibility study on how to realise this idea in the virtual world. This article is an original study that addresses the benefits, conveniences and challenges of being an entrepreneur in the Metaverse world. The literature review found no investigation on entrepreneurship in the Metaverse world. The fact that the Metaverse has the potential to have great effects on the business world and social life standards in the future makes this research more interesting. In addition, by specifying the impact of Metaverse on the business world, it has been tried to shed light on the problems and opportunities that large or small-scale enterprises and entrepreneurs will face in the future.

Ideology and Interpellation: An Althusserian Approach to Josh Malerman’s Inspection: A Novel

This study investigates the role of interpellation in transmitting ideology as echoed in the American novelist, Malerman’s Inspection (2019), in which a cynical group holds boys and girls separately to inject in them a falsified concept of reality. The purpose of this study is to reveal the working of the cynical group’s dominant ideology on the children who believe in everything which is presented to them in the name of reality. Utilizing Louis Althusser’s (1971) theory of ideology as a theoretical framework, this study highlights the dehumanizing vision of a capitalist group that exploits children to gain socioeconomic interests through ideological maneuverings and extermination of humane feelings from them. The group acts like an omnipotent force whose invisible ideological powers interpellate and mould the children according to their capitalistic agendas, making them puppets in the hands of their masters who play with their minds and emotions the way they deem fit.

Creation of a Virtual Tour .Exe Utilizing Very High-Resolution RGB UAV Data

In the last decades, developments in game engine technology led to a raised attraction to the virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) concepts which offer users an interactive synthetic environment. Also, with the travel limitations of the current COVID-19 pandemic, VR tour applications that visualize the geospatial data gained popularity more than ever. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) VR tour application was created for Gebze Technical University (GTU) Campus by integrating unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data into an artificial environment by using cross-platform game development engine Unity. For creating high-quality 3D models of the Campus, different imaging geometries and flight altitudes were applied. The aerial photos were achieved with a ground sampling distance (GSD) of ≤2.2 cm with a 20 megapixel (MP) Sony Exmor RGB camera. Point cloud processing and the generation of high-quality 3D products were carried out by structure from motion (SfM) based photogrammetric software Agisoft Metashape. Using 86 well-distributed ground control points (GCPs), geometric correction accuracy of ±2 cm (~0.9 pixels) was reached as root mean square error (RMSE). Generated 3D models were imported into the Unity environment and the negative influence of high polygon data on the application performance was reduced by applying occlusion culling and space subdivision rendering optimization algorithms. The visual potential of the VR was improved by adding 3D individual object models such as trees, benches and arbors. For enhancing the information content of the VR tour, interactive information panels including the building metadata such as building name, block name and total floor area were placed. Finally, a first-person player was implemented for a realistic VR experience.

Postmodern Elements in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot

Postmodernism is considered a break with 19th-century realism and before that, the project of Enlightenment dealt with the issue of transformation of outer phenomenal reality to an internal consciousness of the human mind. As a result, the using postmodernism subconsciously reveals and manifests their inner consciousness through what they do. It rejects the concept of absolute reality. Mostly, postmodernist writers support the premise that ‘irrational is real’. Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot (1948) is considered to be the leading playwright amongst many others. This play derives its inspiration from European existentialism which was one of the foremost philosophical schools within continental tradition. In Waiting for Godot, there are no pre-determined rules or any unity in time, place or action. The ending of it can be interpreted in many different ways. The author of this paper has tried to put the play in the European context and highlighted the features which are considered to be the hallmark of postmodernism.

Covid 19 Pandemisi ile Değişen Mimari Tasarım Eğitiminde Öğrenci Deneyimleri

Tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan Covid-19 pandemisi, hayatın pek çok alanı gibi eğitim faaliyetlerini de etkilemiştir. Salgının ülkemizde de hızla yayılması sonucu tüm eğitim kurumlarında eğitime ara verilmiş, sonrasında da süratle çevrim içi eğitim sistemine geçilmiştir. Ancak uygulamalı yürütülen dersler için bu geçiş beraberinde bazı sorunlar getirmiştir. Özellikle de mimarlık eğitimi gibi uygulamalı dersleri teorik derslere göre ağırlıkta olan bölümler, bu değişime adaptasyonda zorluklar yaşamışlardır. Tüm mimarlık bölümlerinde 2019-2020 yılının bahar döneminin 7 haftası ve 2020-2021 yılının tamamı çevrim içi eğitim ile sürdürülmüştür. 2021-2022 eğitim döneminde salgının etkisinin aşılanma sayesinde zayıflaması sonucu, YÖK’ün aldığı kararla hibrit (karma) eğitim sistemine geçilmiş, tüm uygulamalı dersler yüz yüze, teorik dersler çevrim içi eğitimle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Trakya Üniversitesi Mimarlık Bölümü özelinde, yüz yüze eğitim, çevrim içi eğitim ve günümüzde uygulanan hibrit eğitim sistemlerinin, tasarım eğitimi üzerindeki olumlu ve olumsuz etkilerini öğrenci gözünden değerlendirmek ve gelecekteki ideal mimarlık eğitim sistemi hakkında tespit ve önerilerde bulunmak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem olarak çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenolojik yaklaşım kullanılmış, elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Her üç eğitim sistemini de deneyimlemiş Mimari Proje 4-5 ve Diploma Projesi öğrencilerinden gönüllü olarak 17 öğrencinin katıldığı anket çalışması ve öğrencilerle gerçekleştirilen birebir yüz yüze görüşmeler neticesinde elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuç bölümünde de öğrencilerin yüz yüze, çevrim içi ve hibrit eğitim modelleri kapsamında, proje derslerinin verimliliğine ait bakış açıları değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; mimari tasarım eğitiminin, çevrim içi olarak sürdürülmesi halinde gelişmiş teknolojilerin sağlanması ve sanal gerçeklik kavramının uygun sürümlerle hayata geçirilmesi gereklidir. Hibrit eğitim sisteminde, teorik derslerin çevrim içi eğitimle sürdürülmesi ve kayıt altında olması öğrencinin zaman kazanımı yaşaması nedeniyle proje derslerindeki başarısını artırmaktadır. Geleneksel yüz yüze ve çevrim içi eğitimin bir arada kullanılarak uygulandığı hibrit eğitim sisteminin, her iki sistemin de avantajlarını kullanan dezavantajlarını ortadan kaldıran ve gelecek için en verimli eğitim sistemi olduğu düşünülmektedir.

From Doubt to Despair

‘Gaslighting’ describes a form of manipulation that induces doubt in someone’s perceptions, experiences, understanding of events or conception of reality in general. But what kind of doubt is it? How do ‘ordinary’ epistemic doubts differ from those doubts that can lead to despair and the feeling of losing one’s mind? The phenomenon of ‘gaslighting’ has been attracting public attention for some time and has recently found its way into philosophical reflections that address moral, sexist and epistemic aspects of gaslighting. Little has been said, however, about the nature of gaslighting-induced doubts themselves, how they differ from ordinary, even ‘reasonable’ epistemic (self-) doubts and how it can come to someone doubting their own perception and conception of reality in the first place. The aim of this paper is to shed some light on these aspects by drawing on some of Wittgenstein’s remarks on doubt, published mainly in On Certainty. To this end, I will first outline the phenomenon of gaslighting as an epistemic injustice before presenting Wittgenstein’s reflections on doubt(ing). These will then be applied to the phenomenon of gaslighting, with a more specific focus on the evocation of such fundamental self-doubt in successful gaslighting, again drawing on some of Wittgenstein’s remarks.

Requisite trust requirements for digital society development

PurposeThis study aims to demonstrate the importance of the requisite trust for the processes of digitalization of business, the state and society in general.Design/methodology/approachThe work is built “from particular to general”. The analysis of many cases of digitalization projects leads to some higher-level principles useful for description most of them – trust, umwelt and complexity.FindingsBased on the analysis of empirical material, the principle of requisite trust is introduced based on the definition of trust through a “relevant umwelt”. In addition, the article examines many aspects of society digitalization processes using cybernetic concepts. It is shown that (1) in the core of digitalization process is the export of the umwelt from human head to a computer (digital umwelt), (2) models used in the digital platforms are not only a reflection of social processes, but have a significant impact on them, like the observers of cybernetics of the second order and (3) umwelt concept is closely related to a social reality concept, meanings are relative and are carried by the communication systems.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper summarized practical and theoretical experience in the field of digital projects and introduced The Law of Requisite Trust. In the future, this principle should be studied more formally in quantitative terms.Originality/valueThe principle of requisite trust, as well as the definition of trust through the relevant umwelt is original. The promotion of trust in organizations and also digital organizations using such instruments as standard of social responsibility (ISO 26000) has high practical value.

THE INFLUENCE OF AUGMENTED REALITY ON ONLINE USER EXPERIENCES

The subject of this paper is the analysis of the impact of augmented reality on online user experiences. The analysis was performed on users’ experience with the Ikea Place App by IKEA. Users were surveyed through the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ), through which the information about their online experiences related to the analyzed application was collected. The aim of this paper is to determine whether augmented reality and augmented reality applications complement the online user experience, based on the analysis of their user experience and experience related to the dimensions of the presented application. The intention is to contribute to the creation of the business and academic public’ interest in the concept of augmented reality as a model, which, by offering a ‘customized’ shopping experience, contributes to improving the level of consumer satisfaction.

Metafiction as Reality Effect: Trollope's Quixotism and Novel Theory

Critics agree that Don Quixote helped originate realism, but its influence on nineteenth-century novels has been widely misunderstood. Realist Quixotism, usually assumed to oppose book and world, in fact models a dynamic imbrication of fictionality and reality. Thus, it helps bridge the normative and utopian functions of literary realism. This concept of realism is both exemplified and theorized by Anthony Trollope's novels, which insist on the mutual construction of literary and social convention. Their metaleptic narration, Victorian marriage plots, and use of the everyday illustrate how metafictionality, counterintuitively, can help construct a sense of the realistic.

К 90-летнему юбилею В. А. Лекторского ЭПИСТЕМОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ РЕАЛИЗМ КАК НЕОБХОДИМОЕ УСЛОВИЕ ДИАЛОГА

Modern epistemology is undergoing some changes related to the transformations of human environment, primarily caused by digitalization. Epistemology is now dominated by two opposing trends — “naturaliziation” and “socialization”. It can be assumed that the strengthening of the “naturalization” trend in epistemology is a reaction to the previously dominant socio-constructionist trend, characterized by the rejection of epistemological realism and subjecting the concepts of truth, reality, objectivity, and knowledge to a critical revision. This approach is characterized by the idea of the dependence of knowledge on social factors, where knowledge is a tool in the hands of “power”, i.e. those social groups that have the power to compel others to their understanding of reality. Such ideas lead to the devaluation of the authority of science and knowledge in general, and are dangerous because they cause the disintegration of society, since the ability to talk about a common reality is denied and each social group has its own “knowledge” about the world. A radical gap is forming between the subject of cognition and reality, since human is dealing now with a large number of information flows, as well as digital objects and interactions, so that the knowledge obtained through direct experience is replaced by information obtained indirectly from various sources that present information in a distorted way. The modern digital environment is also problematic, because it is designed in such a way that it encloses a person within their own familiar pictures of the world, not allowing him to look beyond them and see alternative points of view. The key problem is the loss of trust — a modern subject has no criteria for selecting reliable and trustworthy sources of information, and as a result he or she does not trust anyone, which becomes a significant obstacle for obtaining knowledge. It can be concluded that the appeal to realism is important not only for solving the above mentioned epistemological problems, but also for conducting a dialogue between various social groups, which is necessary for the survival of mankind.

Keeping Faith with Literature

Keeping Faith with Literature

William Molyneux’s Problem and Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “My Kinsman, Major Molineux”

ABSTRACT This essay analyzes Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “My Kinsman, Major Molineux” in relation to a thought experiment proposed by William Molyneux, who questioned whether a blind man, if given the ability to see, could identify an object by sight that he had known by touch. Molyneux asserted that the man would not recognize the item because nothing in his past had equipped him for the task, and this position reflects the contours of Hawthorne’s narrative. The protagonist, Robin, cannot accurately process events due to the fact that the knowledge gleaned from earlier experiences does not correlate to his present circumstances. This article connects the limitations of Robin’s perceptions to political tensions as his worldview centers on the prominence of Major Molineux, a colonial administrator, and the youth cannot grasp the implications of sensory evidence that does not conform to these suppositions. Through his experiences in his new environment, however, Robin develops the empirical foundation necessary to progress from merely perceiving phenomenon to understanding their broader implications. This development highlights the need to transcend prescriptive categories of thought to gain a clearer conception of reality.

SHOULD WE BELIEVE IN MORAL REALISM? ON THE BURDEN OF JUSTIFICATION OF MORAL REALISM IN MORAL DISAGREEMENTS

Moral realism and moral relativism are two influential dogmas in moral philosophy. This paper examines relativism’s possible position and the burden of justification of a particular form of realism in the problem of moral disagreement. This paper concludes that neither position is morally acceptable, and this paper further offers a hint to a middle way: moral pragmatism.

SEMANTICS OF THE TITLE OF ROMAN MALINOVSKY’S STORY «TWO MINUTES BEFORE MIDNIGHT»

The article is devoted to the study of such an element of paratext as a title. The object of the study is the story of the modern Ukrainian writer Roman Malinovsky “Two minutes before midnight”. It was published in the book “Sweet Life” in 2021, and it reflected the author’s consciousness of the danger to the life of mankind that the weapon carries. The purpose of the article is to reveal the meanings of the story’s title, to substantiate its representative, textforming role, to determine how the title helps to understand the author’s concept of reality, embodied in the work. To achieve the goal, the vocabulary (sun, wind, stars) included in the semantic field “space objects” was analyzed. The position is substantiated that the key role in the story is played by the image of the stars, this is the dominant component of the semantic field, closest to the core. The direct meaning of this word (what is seen in the night sky) and its metaphorical meanings are highlighted: a) space object; b) a cigarette light during a friendly meeting; c) the wreckages of burning satellites; d) flashes of nuclear missiles. The thesis is substantiated that the motif that appears at the beginning of the work is the expectation of an unusual cosmic phenomenon – fall of stares, with which the aesthetic (enjoyment of their beauty) is associated, as well as the hope that the wishes come true, is replaced at the end of the work by a statement of the launch of rockets that bring death people, including those who gathered to enjoy the view of the stars and hoped for a happy future. As a result, such semantic oppositions were indicated in the description of the picture of approaching to night (the key word in the title of the story) and in the semantic field “signs of the Space”: “day - night”, “present - future”, “life - death”, “beautiful – disgraceful, unhumane”, “space – chaos”. Attention is drawn to the fact that the vector in the description of what is happening is: from a variety of colors - to plunging the world into darkness, from light - to its dispersion. Hence the dominance of the semantics of extinction, approaching death. As a result, the interpretation of the night as a boundary between existence and its loss is proposed. The conclusion is made about the main meaning of the title of the whole work: two minutes before night - what happened two minutes before the death of mankind.

Conrad-Martius: The “Real-Reality” of the World

Abstract This article deals with Conrad-Martius’s conceptions of reality as “wirkliche Wirklichkeit”, being, existence, and essence and sets them in relation to the conceptions of Aristotle, Aquinas, and Husserl. It delves into the problems of both the hypostatization of being, where I assert that it concerns the noema itself, and the origin of being in particular. I claim that even though Conrad-Martius rejects the transcendental reduction, Conrad-Martius accepts the eidetic reduction and the positing of a sphere of original and given facts, whose origin Conrad-Martius traces back to a transphysical realm, thus revealing the grounds for the Husserlian sphere of primal facts, which itself remains beyond the reach of phenomenological enquiries. Hence, Conrad-Martius’s and Husserl’s investigations encounter and complement each other at the point where the real bursts into reality and becomes available for consciousness.

On the Diagnosis and Development of Creativity Based on the Ontology of the Game

The subject of the study is to understand the phenomenon of creativity, and the purpose is to provide recommendations for its diagnosis and development of creative abilities. Creativity is currently one of the most sought-after skills according to the forecasts of analysts of the World Economic Forum. The methodological basis of the research is the theoretical and practical results known in science in the psychology of creativity and the story-game concept of reality. Particular attention is paid to the identification in the works on the definition and diagnosis of creativity of their ontological connection with the story-game paradigm, which also intersects meaningfully with studies on situational semantics. A comparative and critical analysis of the basic concepts in these approaches is carried out. The main conclusions of the study are as follows. When teaching any subject, it is useful to diagnose the type of thinking of the audience, periodically offer various tasks that require little time, but develop analytical and creative thinking at the same time, requiring the use of broad categories, synthetics of perception of the environment and a high level of cognitive flexibility, the ability to understand and form metaphors, free association of meanings, interpretations of any text, picture, phenomenon; that is, in fact, it is teaching a creative and playful attitude to various problems. The story-game approach, both in training and in any field of activity, makes it possible to optimally maintain a balance between following the patterns – the "rules of the games" of nature and society and original, creative behavior.

Auction Catalogue Narrativised: Leanne Shapton’s "Important Artifacts and Personal Property from the Collection of Lenore Doolan and Harold Morris, Including Books, Street Fashion and Jewelry"

This paper aims to tease out multimodal and narrative affordances of an auction catalogue, adapted by Leanne Shapton for novelistic purposes in Important Artifacts and Personal Property from the Collection of Lenore Doolan and Harold Morris, Including Books, Street Fashion and Jewelry. In doing so, Shapton develops a new form of realism, in which the presumed physicality of photographically represented objects appears to anchor the fictional universe in empirical reality. Hers is thus a truly hybrid project: combining verbalisation and visualisation, enumeration and narration, functionality and literariness, her book continually oscillates between the real and the fictional.

GRAPHIC NOVEL CLANDESTINE JOURNAL

The article describes, with a self-ethnographic position, the limit and potentiality of an "art of subjectivity" carried out by an a-modal "stranger" thrown into a foreigner country with abstract rationalist features that obstacle the immanent becoming(s) and repress the excess of a practice of interventions that is necessary to shape an uncoded "ethico-aesthetic territory". In this context of extinction the writer of the article, who is also the protagonist of the described art practice, presents the necessity of a new clandestine media for his art research publishing. After a brief outline of a Deleuzian theory of the media, he reveals and presents his project that consists of a "graphic novel clandestine journal". This "graphic novel style form" suits well to his practice of disruptive interventions in public space and the character-avatar "Anartist", which is the mask performed by the writer in its critical urban interventions. The "author" writes that our hyper-capitalist reality is already a form of dystopian graphic novel. For this reason the portrait of his action as a "graphic novel" is a form of realism and an aesthetic strategy to deal with it.

A Study on von Trier’s Dogville: An Amalgam of Aristotelian Dramatic Theatre and Brechtian Epic Theatre

The purpose of Brechtian epic theatre was to break the illusion of mimesis that is achieved by dramatic theatre through the use of mimetic and teleological drive. Its ultimate aim was to show that the illusion of verisimilitude created by dramatic theatre and realist forms of representation serves only to the affirmation and promotion of the norms and values of the dominant discourse. The aim of this study, accordingly, is to provide a reading of von Trier’s Dogville in terms of Aristotelian dramatic theatre and Brechtian epic theatre in order to argue that the film disregards the function of the characteristics of epic theatre that it employs and thus evacuates the meaning of them by the use of elements of dramatic theatre such as recognition, catharsis, and closure. Von Trier’s Dogville has mostly been analysed in terms of the elements of epic theatre. However, it has been ignored that the film features some fundamental characteristics of Aristotle’s dramatic theatre like recognition, catharsis, and closure. This study, therefore, examines Dogville in the light of Aristotelian dramatic theatre as well as of Brecht’s theories within the context of epic theatre and Marxism to discuss whether the film fails to become a proper example of epic theatre on big screen.