Organizational Forms Research Articles

HDF-Net: Capturing Homogeny Difference Features to Localize the Tampered Image.

Modern image editing software enables anyone to alter the content of an image to deceive the public, which can pose a security hazard to personal privacy and public safety. The detection and localization of image tampering is becoming an urgent issue to be addressed. We have revealed that the tampered region exhibits homogenous differences (the changes in metadata organization form and organization structure of the image) from the real region after manipulations such as splicing, copy-move, and removal. Therefore, we propose a novel end-to-end network named HDF-Net to extract these homogeny difference features for precise localization of tampering artifacts. The HDF-Net is composed of RGB and SRM dual-stream networks, including three complementary modules, namely the suspicious tampering-artifact prominent (STP) module, the fine tampering-artifact salient (FTS) module, and the tampering-artifact edge refined (TER) module. We utilize the fully attentional block (FLA) to enhance the characterization ability of homogeny difference features extracted by each module and preserve the specifics of tampering artifacts. These modules are gradually merged according to the strategy of "coarse-fine-finer", which significantly improves the localization accuracy and edge refinement. Extensive experiments demonstrate that HDF-Net performs better than state-of-the-art tampering localization models on five benchmarks, achieving satisfactory generalization and robustness.

ПІДГОТОВКА ВИКЛАДАЧІВ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ХУДОЖНІХ ДИСЦИПЛІН В УКРАЇНІ: ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

Despite military aggression from Russia, Ukraine continues actively develop professional and pedagogical training, which is an important factor in improving the quality of education and professional growth of teachers. Professional and pedagogical training plays a key role in ensuring the quality of education and professional development of teachers. It forms pedagogical competences, provides teachers with the knowledge and skills necessary for effective work with students, including teaching methods, planning and management. Thanks to it, teachers learn the basics of pedagogical ethics and moral values, which helps to create a healthy learning atmosphere and promote the harmonious development of students’ personalities. Methodology. Professional training in higher education institutions is carried out according to various organizational forms, models, systems and programs, the main purpose of which is the formation of positive motivation and involvement in active educational and cognitive activities, which is the basis of the professional self-development of the future specialist. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to analyze modern approaches to the professional and pedagogical training of teachers of professional and artistic disciplines in Ukraine. To identify key problems and challenges in the field of training teachers of artistic disciplines. Outline the main directions and methods that ensure high-quality training of specialists in the field of art teaching. To investigate the role of pedagogical education in the formation of competences of teachers of professional and artistic disciplines. To propose ways of improving the system of training of pedagogical personnel to increase the level of teaching of artistic disciplines. Results. Thanks to professional and pedagogical training, teachers can update their knowledge about modern teaching methods, pedagogical technologies and approaches to education. Professional and pedagogical training allows for a deeper mastering of specific disciplines, which enables teachers to impart special knowledge at a high professional level. In general, professional and pedagogical training is the basis for the creation of qualified and competent teachers, which contributes to the improvement of the quality of education and the success of students in their studies. In our study, we consider the professional and pedagogical training of teachers of professional and artistic disciplines, which is aimed at the formation of pedagogical personnel who have the theory and practice of teaching fine arts in general education, specialized and higher educational institutions, as well as in the system of additional education. Key words: professional and pedagogical training, teachers of professional and artistic disciplines, institutions of higher education, competence, knowledge, skills.

Genetic and linguistic comparisons reveal complex sex-biased transmission of language features

The history of people’s movements and interactions shapes both genetic and linguistic variation. Genes and languages are transmitted separately and their distributions reflect different aspects of human history, but some demographic processes can cause them to be similarly distributed. In particular, forms of societal organization, including movements in and out of a community, may have shaped the transmission of both genes and languages. If children were more likely to learn their mother’s language than their father’s when their parents were from populations that spoke different languages or dialects, then language variation might show a closer association with maternally transmitted genetic markers than autosomal ones; this association could be further reinforced if children reside with predominantly maternal kin. We analyze the worldwide relationship between linguistic and genomic variation, leveraging the sex-biased transmission of X chromosomes to assess whether language has tended to be preferentially transmitted along the male or female line. In addition, we measure the effects of postmarital residence with female kin, matrilineal descent, and endogamy on the covariation of mitochondrial DNA and languages, using mtDNA because genomic data were available for very few populations with these ethnographic traits. We find that while there is little evidence for a consistent or widespread sex bias in the transmission of language, such biased transmission may have occurred locally in several parts of the world and might have been influenced by population-level ethnographic characteristics, such as female-based descent or residence patterns. Our results highlight the complex relationships between genes, language, ethnography, and geography.

Assessing Associations of Nurse-Managed Hypertension Care on Pharmacotherapy, Lifestyle Counseling, and Prevalence of Comorbid Cardiometabolic Diseases in All Patients With Hypertension That Are Treated in Primary Care in Stockholm, Sweden.

The aim was to study if nurse-managed hypertension care was associated with differences in pharmacotherapy, lifestyle counseling, and prevalence of comorbid cardiometabolic diseases among patients receiving care at primary health care centers. To assess the extent of nurses' involvement in the hypertension care, a questionnaire was distributed to all primary health care centers in Region Stockholm. Age-adjusted logistic regression models were used to analyze the results, odds ratios with 99% confidence intervals. Data was acquired from VAL, the administrative databases of Region Stockholm in Sweden, encompassing all individuals 30 years or older with a registered hypertension diagnosis who attended to the primary health care center they were registered at. Our analysis comprised 119267 patients diagnosed with hypertension registered in one of the 224 included primary health care centers. Of the 81 primary health care centers that responded to the questionnaire, 54 reported having nurse-managed hypertension care. Nurse-managed hypertension care was not significantly associated with differences in pharmacotherapy or patients' comorbidity, except for diabetes. Primary health care centers with nurse-managed hypertension care had a 10% greater adherence to national guidelines for lifestyle counseling (33.5%) compared to those without nurse-managed hypertension care (22.5%). Regardless of the organizational form of hypertension care management, more men received lifestyle counseling according to guidelines compared to women. In-house routines for hypertension care, with designated nurses, and booking systems were associated with more lifestyle counseling, which has been associated with signs of better hypertension care.

Student Ventures: A New Organizational Form in the University Entrepreneurial Ecosystem

Student Ventures: A New Organizational Form in the University Entrepreneurial Ecosystem

PARADIGM DEVELOPMENT OF LAND RELATIONS AND HIGH-TECHNOLOGICAL LAND USE

The study substantiates that land resources are a strategic resource, the socio-economic development of society depends on the rationality and efficiency of their use. The economic content of the concept of «land relations» is generalized and it is revealed that they are a component of social relations, arise in the process of interaction of society with natural resources and regulate the norms of behavior of business entities of the agricultural sector of the economy within the framework of land legislation. The basis of land relations is the category of land ownership, therefore changes and development of organizational and legal forms of land ownership are perhaps the most important condition. It is worth noting that land relations in agriculture are part of production relations and can be both stimulating and restraining factors for the rational use of agricultural land and high-tech land use. It was found that land legislation in Ukraine remains fragmentary and often inconsistent between all regulatory acts, and changes to individual regulations and legal mechanisms cause risks for investors and landowners, which creates legal uncertainty and complicates the implementation of the efficiency of land resources use. High-tech land use is a direction of modern agrarian development aimed at increasing the efficiency of agriculture, preserving natural resources and ensuring food security. Systematizing the problems and directions of development of land relations and high-tech land use, it was highlighted that the main priority remains the implementation of the social function of land ownership and land use, which ensures the most efficient land use of land plots for their intended purpose. Thus, the main guidelines of land policy are the stability and effectiveness of the functioning of the system of land relations and agricultural land use, aimed at ensuring the country's food security and increasing the well-being of the population. The development of land relations and high-tech land use should be based on maximum consideration of natural, economic and social conditions and environmental requirements for preserving the environment, protecting land resources and restoring their fertility, increasing the productivity of the land fund, as well as limiting the negative impact of economic activity on flora and fauna, etc.

ОБУЧЕНИЕ КАК ВАРИАТИВНАЯ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩАЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ СОЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ БУДУЩИХ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫ В РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ТИПАХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

In the social sphere of modern Russia against the background of rapid transformation socio-economic and political processes, the phenomenon of professional socialisation has become an urgent social problem. Society's expectations from education as a key component of the social sphere are largely related to the capabilities and readiness of higher education to find the most effective ways to solve the problems of training and professional socialisation of social sphere specialists. The purpose of the article is to focus the attention of subjects of professional socialisation and scientific and pedagogical community on the necessity to comprehend the role of one of the variable components of professional socialisation of future social sphere specialists in different types of higher education institutions, namely the form of organisation of the pedagogical process - training, which determines the content of professional socialisation of future social sphere specialists. The materials presented in the article significantly expand the subject field of humanitarian knowledge and are a stimulus to conceptual understanding of the problems of professional socialisation of a person. The article is addressed to specialists, professionally interested in solving actual problems of professional socialisation, as well as adjuncts, cadets, listeners, teachers of educational organisations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, teachers and students of educational institutions of psychological, pedagogical and confession-oriented profiles

Analysis of the Arab singer Shadia’s lyrics

AbstractIn this work, we analyze the lyrics of one of the most famous and influential Arab artists in the twentieth century, namely "Image missing" (Shadia). Lyrics analysis provides a deep insight into the artist’s career evolution and her interactions with the surrounding environment including the social, political, and economic conditions. In order to perform such analysis, we had to collect and compile the lyrics of Shadia accompanied with the necessary meta-data into an organized and structured form. The data are preprocessed by removing stop words and doing some normalization operations over the songs prose. We did not perform any lemmatization or stemming as the original form of the tokens conveys much more information than the source words. We performed a lexical analysis in order to study both the lexical diversity and density over the course of Shadia’s career life. We have as well studied the most significant words, idioms, and terms played in the songs using tools such as word clouds and more quantitative measures such as term frequency–inverse document frequency. We have divided the career life of Shadia into sub-decades of length 5 years, and all analyses are done both in a yearly fashion and more coarsely over such sub-decades. Our quantitative analyses show strong correlations between the artistic lyrical work of Shadia and the state of affairs in Egypt and the Arab World during her time. In particular, Shadia’s lyrics reflect the radical changes in all aspects of the social, political, and economic conditions. This is especially relevant knowing that Shadia is very much truly considered the daughter of the generation of the 1952 revolution in Egypt. The significance of Shadia and her lyrics stem essentially from being contemporaneous to radical changes in Egypt across all sectors including political (support of liberation movements across the world and the conflict with Israel) and socioeconomic (especially changing the social class structure in Egypt). We also investigated the potential effectiveness of PoS (Part-of-Speech) tagging in genre analysis and classification.

Реализация принципа непрерывности в инклюзивном образовании в России

<p>The work is aimed at analyzing indicators for ensuring the continuity of the inclusive process in general and vocational education in Russia. The study was conducted in educational organizations in 82 regions of the country; 6377 heads of educational organizations, 60870 teachers, 92093 parents and 32039 students of secondary vocational education participated were recruited for this study. The main method was an online survey, the data analysis method is frequency. The article describes four indicators of the continuity of the inclusive process – ensuring the variability of educational programs, plans and organizational forms of education, psychological and pedagogical support for students with special needs and its staffing, ensuring the participation of all students and their parents in the educational process, the life of the educational organization, support in self-determination and choice of professional educational trajectory. The implementation of the principle of continuity, enshrined in the normative field of education, is reflected in the data of the article through indicators of the sustainability of the share of inclusion of a number of categories of students with special needs when moving from level to level. However, obstacles to the implementation of the principle of continuity are the insufficiency of mechanisms for the individualization of education, including the lack of institutionalization of the individual educational route, staffing shortages for psychological and pedagogical support of students, as well as the social and practical orientation of career guidance technologies.</p>

Networks for healthcare delivery: asystematic literature review.

Network configurations have been proposed as an efficient form of organisation and a promising area of research; however, a lack of conceptual clarity can be noted. The purpose of this review is to allow for a broad appreciation of network configurations and provide guidance for future studies of the concept. A systematic literature review was conducted based on the PRISMA method; Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for conference proceedings and journal articles describing organisational networks to integrate resources aimed at care delivery. Around 80 articles were included in the final review and analysed thematically and by use of bibliographic coupling. The last decades have seen an increase in the frequency of articles describing networks for healthcare delivery. The most common contexts are care for multiple and/or long-term conditions. Three clusters of articles were found, corresponding to different conceptualisations of networks in healthcare: efficiency-enhancing cooperation, efficiency-enhancing integration and involvement for cocreation. To increase conceptual clarity and allow the research on network configurations in healthcare to produce meta-learnings and guidance to practice, scholars are advised to provide ample descriptions of studied networks and relate them to established network classifications. The current review has only included articles including networks as a key concept, which provides a focused overview of the use of network configurations but limits the insights into similar approaches not described explicitly as networks.

Organizational Performance Improvement Strategies Through the Implementation of Balanced Scorecard at KPPN Jakarta VII

KPPN Jakarta VII is a vertical agency under the Regional Office of the Directorate General of Treasury of DKI Jakarta Province, Directorate General of Treasury, Ministry of Finance which has the task of carrying out the authority as the State General Treasurer, distributing financing at the expense of the budget, and administering budget receipts and expenditures through and from the state treasury based on statutory regulations. In carrying out the tasks and objectives of the organization, KPPN Jakarta VII carries out performance management based on a balanced scorecard. Balanced scorecard is a strategic management system that guides leaders and members of the organization to translate the vision, mission, and strategy of the organization into real measurable actions. Organizational performance is measured so that it can reflect the achievement of organizational goals. This is very important as part of the implementation of good governance. This paper provides an overview of the implementation of the balanced scorecard at KPPN Jakarta VII as a tool in managing organizational performance. The method used is descriptive qualitative with primary data in the form of performance improvement strategies and organizational performance achievements. As a result, the consistent and continuously improved implementation of the balanced scorecard results in an increased organizational performance score of KPPN Jakarta VII and encourages the creation of service innovations as a form of adaptive organization.

Rethinking Regulation beyond the Normative Threshold: Mechanisms of Control and Access to the Central Market of Kinshasa

The article explores regulation practices governing access to the central market of Kinshasa. It argues that, contrary to conventional ideas, urban trading places do not escape state regulation, nor are they outside the realm of legitimacy. These places and the economic activities that take place in them are highly regulated. Yet, their regulations do not always conform to official standards. The dominant binary divide of formal/informal obscures different processes and scales of effective regulation. Hence, to better understand how these places and activities are regulated, it is necessary to go beyond the binary divide. Drawing on practical norms’ literature, the article shows the multiplicity of overlapping norms, their corresponding logics, and how different actors navigate regulation. Regulations can have diverse effects on people. Some deviations from official laws have reassuring effects, leading to forms of organisation that serve traders’ needs or provide them with space for resistance against exclusion. However, certain other deviations serve to extract more resources from vendors and can lead to the (re)production of social inequalities.

From Corporate Artification to Artification in the Third Sector

ABSTRACTArtification refers to the process by which objects, practices, or entities not traditionally considered art are transformed into socially accepted art forms. A common example is graffiti, which was once regarded as vandalism but has since evolved into a recognized and celebrated form of art, but organizations and brands can also engage in artification strategies. This special issue of the Journal of Philanthropy and Marketing explores the concept of artification, with a particular focus on its application within the third sector. The six papers in this issue examine how artification fosters creativity, innovation, and social impact in non‐profits. Through case studies and empirical research, the issue demonstrates how third‐sector organizations, such as arts and culture institutions, charities, and foundations, can leverage artification not only to support the arts but also to enhance their legitimacy, build stronger community relationships, and increase credibility with stakeholders. The special issue examines studies on artification in both non‐profit organizations and corporate initiatives, emphasizing how art fosters social sustainability through creative partnerships. Collectively, these papers underscore the transformative potential of artification in the third sector, offering valuable insights for non‐profits seeking to integrate art into their strategic initiatives and enhance their social impact.

CONCEPT AND CLASSIFICATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP ENTITIES

This article provides an overview of the concept and classification of business entities, focusing on the main characteristics and legal definitions of an individual entrepreneur and family entrepreneurship. In addition, the role of regulatory measures in promoting and supporting entrepreneurial activity in Uzbekistan is discussed, with an emphasis on legislative provisions aimed at developing small businesses and private entrepreneurship as vital components of economic stability and employment. The classification of business entities in Uzbekistan is detailed according to their organizational and legal forms, types of activities and ownership structures.

Do independents like to party? The rise in independent and minor party MPs in Australian parliaments since 1970

ABSTRACT Commentary about the successes of the ‘Teals’ and the Greens in the 2022 federal election echoes scholarship regarding the ongoing fragmentation of major party support, weakening partisan alignment, and the rise of post-materialist voting since the 1970s. To explore the dynamics behind this trend, we construct a novel dataset of independent and minor party members of parliament elected to single-member electorates in Australian lower houses since 1970, empirically exploring the circumstances through which these candidates are successful. Tracing the rise of independent and minor party MPs, we observe that initially, these MPs often emerged through lower levels of government and outside organised politics, while, more recently they have succeeded through party structures and what we term ‘party-like’ forms of organisation. Our results suggest that political fragmentation is increasingly a challenge to conservative politics, especially via the rise of organised party-like independents, representing a realignment from the twentieth century.

Re-engineering the Innovation Chain

Since 2020, China has dramatically increased the ambition, scope, and resources of its technology and industrial policy. Besides devoting more resources, the government has also expanded direct intervention in the economy, creating new organizational forms in order to link researchers, technology providers, and firms. This program aims to re-engineer the innovation chain—and with it, the entire industrial economy. The government intervenes by creating new organizations, remaking incentives of existing organizations, and serving as a compulsory matchmaker between different organizations and firms. These new organizational interventions increase the extent to which the government steers the overall economy and is leading Beijing to take an even more comprehensive and government-directed approach to technological and industrial development.

Guangdong’s New R&D Institutes

In pursuit of technological development, China has created new organizations to promote innovation. This brief examines New Research and Development Institutes (NRDIs), which are designed to foster knowledge transfer to industry. NRDIs were pioneered in Guangdong province in the 1990s, and have gained prominence in China’s national science, technology, and innovation policies since the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016–2020). NRDIs are defined by their market orientation and extremely flexible organizational form. They work by establishing “innovation platforms” with local governments and private knowledge actors to carry out research and development (R&D), commercialize scientific and technological achievements, incubate local technology industries, and cultivate high-end talent. NRDIs have been instrumental to regional development in Guangdong, and especially Shenzhen, where they have succeeded in attracting talent from outside the region. NRDIs have important policy implications for international competition for talent. Understanding NRDIs is crucial for other countries that want to improve their own inter-regional innovation resources and respond to the challenge of China’s drive to attract global talent and knowledge resources.

A Review on the Gas‐Phase Modeling Study of Aluminum Combustion in Various Environments

AbstractAluminum combustion is an area of intense research due to its wide‐ranging applications in the aerospace, automotive, energy storage carrier and defense industries. Gas‐phase reaction mechanism plays an important role on the prediction of the combustion intermediates and final products, which can significantly affect the combustion heat releases and combustion organization forms. In recent years, researchers have developed some gas‐phase reaction mechanisms to predict the combustion phenomenon and behavior of aluminum in different environments. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of the art in gas‐phase modeling study on aluminum combustion with various oxidizers, including oxygen, steam, carbon dioxide and so on. The primary oxidation reactions of aluminum were concluded, and the rate coefficients of these reactions were also reviewed and compared in this work. Besides, the simulations by using the gas‐phase reaction mechanisms were reviewed and the main oxidation reaction pathways of aluminum with various oxidizers were analyzed based on modeling analysis results. Combining phase change reactions and surface reactions, gas‐phase reaction mechanism will become more important for prediction the combustion speed, combustion temperature and combustion mode of aluminum in future.

TRANSFORMACIONES EN LA CONFIGURACIÓN Y FUNCIONALIDADES DE LA PERIFERIA URBANA NOROESTE DE LA GRAN ÁREA METROPOLITANA DE COSTA RICA (GAM)

The peripheries are generally conceived as scenarios for expanding various economic activities in central cities, and their land uses usually explain both their functionality and territorial organization. However, the literature shows that the logic that configures these places also goes through a framework of territorialized human relations and that their forms of organization are also linked to social valuations. Given the above, the research emphasizes the importance of taking a comprehensive look, based on spatial structures, to understand the changes and contemporary functionalities of the periphery under study. For this, a qualitative methodology of an ethnographic type was considered, based on observing land uses and the practices of the different users. As a result, the spatial structures approach made evident other activities and relationships between society and the environment, such as forms of recreation on agricultural land, the agriculturization process, agro-productive diversification, and changes in residential models, which must be taken into account for current and future planning of the periphery. Keywords: Land Use, Transformations in Urban Peripheries, Functionalities, Geographic Space, Social Valuation, Gran Área Metropolitana.

A Study About Family Businesses in Kanyakumari District

Family Businesses are the oldest form of commercial organization and plays a crucial role in the development of the economy. It is a distinctive organization form with concentrated ownership, deep-rooted tacit knowledge, and lengthy family tenures. These are commercial organizations which are passed on from generations to generations and hence, the members in the family tend to influence the business decision making process (Baltazar et al. 2023). Family business aids in the survival of an individual when there is high unemployment rate and it provides job opportunities as well. However, there are problems involved in family businesses such as inability to incorporate business knowledge to the other family members. This can cause hindrance in the development of the business and even lead to the closure of the business. (Amenah et al. 2023) The research objective of the study is to analyse the issues faced in family businesses and providing the required suggestions. The primary data collection is through convenience sampling, and the sample size is 120. The secondary data collection was through journals, books, websites and databases. The statistical analysis revealed significant differences between age groups and the advantages of family businesses, particularly in areas such as long-term vision, commitment, trust, and agility. Similarly, key challenges like family conflicts, lack of succession planning, and resistance to change were found to significantly impact family businesses, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.