Forms Of Oppression Research Articles

Windows of Empathy: Creating Mediated Spaces for Education and Dialogue

In this article, I address the inadequacies in how we currently conceptualize spaces for dialogue and debate around issues involving race and religion. Even in a climate where many organizations now acknowledge equity, diversity, and inclusion requirements, there are still numerous challenges, particularly for racialized individuals, including those who may experience overlapping forms of oppression. Drawing on concepts such as intersectionality, muted group theory, and the public sphere, I suggest that many existing channels and approaches are especially inadequate for academics and activists who are racialized or belong to religions that are marginalized in Western societies, such as Islam. These avenues do not allow for an articulation of the complex, sometimes contradictory realities lived by these individuals, where choosing a seemingly progressive side consistently and publicly may mean disowning or disadvantaging one’s own family or community members. Ultimately, I argue both that we must reconsider the potential for education and dialogue enabled by seemingly one-way platforms, such as film and television, and that the platform is less important than the approach we bring to using it, since increasingly we must prioritize windows for empathy within any mediated spaces we employ for learning or dialogue.

South Sudanese Refugee Higher Education Access in Uganda: An Intersectionality Enquiry

This study was guided by the intersectionality theory, originally developed by Kimberlé Crenshaw. According to Crenshaw, the theory assumes that people have multiple biological, social and cultural identity markers that intersect, resulting in experiences of privilege or disadvantage, inclusion or discrimination. However, the theory maintains that marginalized individuals are not homogeneous and they experience discrimination and inclusion in different ways. The intersectionality theory also recognizes power dynamics and how structural, political and representational domains, intersect and produce complex patterns of discrimination, inequality and disadvantage. Ultimately, the intersectionality theory asserts that effective activism and social change require recognizing and addressing the intersections of various forms of oppression, and advocating for justice across multiple fronts. This exposes discrimination and exclusion that would have otherwise gone unnoticed, also giving voice to the disadvantaged and excluded. The study adopted a qualitative approach, an exploratory case study design, and an advocacy/ participatory philosophical lens. Twenty-seven purposively sampled participants took part in the study. They included 12 undergraduates from two private Ugandan universities, 13 government and non-governmental organization (NGO) officials, two officials from public and private universities, all involved in refugee higher education. Data was collected through a literature review, in-depth interviews with key informants and students, and a students’ focus group discussion. The study established that higher education access for South Sudanese refugees in Uganda involves multiple intersectional prohibitive and also supportive factors. The study therefore recommends that through situational analysis and needs assessment, Uganda develops clear objectives, activities and outcomes in the Education Response Plan, to establish the divergent supportive and prohibitive factors and cater for the various refugee student needs. The study also designed the refugee access and resilience (RARE) model to assist in the aforementioned regard

Doing the Inner and Outer Work: Culturally Responsive Practices in Gender-Affirming Voice Care

Purpose: This article aims to raise clinical awareness of (a) the barriers and forms of oppression that transgender and gender-expansive (TGE) people face, (b) the ways in which discrimination can subconsciously be enacted by practitioners and institutions, and (c) to provide actionable steps for providing gender-affirming voice care (GAVC) services. Method: This article draws on empirical evidence of inequitable access/barriers to resources and the heightened risk to well-being for TGE people, as well as the theoretical foundations from the field of psychology that lead to culturally responsive care of the voice. It clarifies and expands the tenets of gender-affirming practice and trauma-informed care and identifies action steps for practical application in this specialized area of voice. It highlights the need for greater self-reflection and ongoing education when providing GAVC services, particularly as it relates to the practitioner's understanding of the intersections of racism, transphobia, neurodivergence, and disability justice. Conclusions: In addition to having strong voice skills, practitioners who are lifelong learners, remain pliable to learning new ideas, and have a strong and sincere desire to provide GAVC are needed to work with this population. Those providing GAVC are recommended to first deepen their self-reflection skills and understanding of their own identities, as well as acquire a humble understanding of the 2SLGBTQIA+ community, especially in terms of the intersections of race and gender expression. The authors recommend personal and professional work through a justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion (JEDI) journey. This includes increasing one's counseling skills in order to provide tailored support that is specific to the client's needs. This article aims to provide a concrete entryway for the practice of gender-affirming care as it applies to the voice, while acknowledging that maintaining ethical gender-affirming practices requires a lifelong commitment to continuing education.

Identifying Symbolic Violence in the Comic Version of “Cinderella”

This study aims to identify and analyze instances of symbolic violence, a concept introduced by Pierre Bourdieu, in the comic adaptation of the short story "Cinderella." Symbolic violence refers to the subtle, often invisible forms of domination and oppression embedded in social structures and practices. By employing a descriptive qualitative method and applying Bourdieu's theory, this research seeks to illuminate how power imbalances and social hierarchies are perpetuated through seemingly innocuous interactions and cultural norms. The findings reveal that Cinderella experiences various forms of symbolic violence, including acts of domination, excessive demands, favoritism, mockery, emotional manipulation, and the suppression of truth. These instances serve to maintain the status quo and reinforce power dynamics between Cinderella and her oppressors. By exposing these subtle yet pervasive forms of violence, this study contributes to the broader understanding of how symbolic violence operates in literature and society. The insights gained can inform future research on the representation of power dynamics in popular culture and the ways in which symbolic violence shapes social interactions and individual experiences. Ultimately, this study underscores the importance of recognizing and challenging the hidden forms of oppression that often go unnoticed in daily life.

From the Third World to the Global South: Definitions of Moral Geographies of Inequality in Anti‐Colonial Intellectual Traditions

ABSTRACTFor decades, the “Third World” was an expression used to refer to regions seen as lacking prosperity and progress, on the one hand, and as a rallying call for anti‐colonial struggles on the other. The concept evoked the uneven distribution of power and wealth following World War II, replaced the forms of oppression and disparities distinctive of the former colonial world, and fostered liberatory and autonomous projects. In recent discussions on intellectual decolonization, however, the Global South became a popular way of expressing purportedly similar understandings of what I name as “moral geographies of inequality.” This article reviews the genealogies, uses, lives and afterlives of these two concepts, discussing whether the “Third World” and the “Global South” refer to one and the same; the contexts in which these terms are most commonly used; why one term has been substituted for the other; and the possible repercussions of this shift.

Rebel Feminists: A Comparative Analysis of Patriarchy and Resistance in A Daughter of Isis and Dreams of Trespass

This article examines the portrayal of patriarchal systems and forms of resistance within Nawal Saadawi’s A Daughter of Isis: The Early Life of Nawal El Saadawi and Fatima Mernissi’s Dreams of Trespass: Tales of a Harem Girlhood. That is, the study navigates through the narratives, characters, and socio-cultural contexts that are depicted in both literary works while using an analytical approach. It starts with examining the influence of patriarchal structures on women’s lives, identities, and agency. By doing so, the article explores the forms and shapes of patriarchy that result in creating gender inequality. Moreover, the research sheds light on the various acts of resistance that are adopted by several characters to challenge and fight patriarchal constraints. In other words, this article explores the extent to which a multiplicity of characters fight against the oppressive system of patriarchy through various acts and behaviours. This means that the study sheds light on the enduring struggle for women’s rights and liberation in Arab societies. By examining two literary works from two different countries, the present study examines the similarities and differences between them to evaluate the extent to which Arab women are considered a homogenous group that experiences the same forms of oppression.

Perjuangan Perempuan pada Novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar Karya Tere Liye (Kajian Ekofeminisme)

This research aims to know and find the form of oppression experienced by female characters and nature as well as how women's struggle for nature and environmental preservation in the novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study are the forms of oppression against nature and women in the novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye can be seen from the many forms of oppression in the novel, based on De'Eaubonne's ecofeminism theory divided into two, namely the first exploitation of nature and women such as indiscriminate land conversion, illegal logging. The second is environmental and human degradation such as poor soil quality due to mining waste and degrading human dignity. The form of women's struggle against nature and women in the novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye can be in three aspects, namely the first liberation from the patriarchal system. Second, the protection of the environment and natural resources. Third, criticism of exploitation and capitalism.

Epistemic (de-)colonization in the midst of Europe

ABSTRACT Roma in Europe are suffering from manifold injustices and are subject to serious discrimination; carried out both interpersonally as well as institutionally. As with most forms of oppression, the oppression of Roma has a long history in Europe. This paper shows how a genealogy of the oppression of Roma in Europe provides a more adequate understanding of the oppression that Roma face within Europe nowadays. Furthermore, the paper delineates the particular epistemic features of said oppression with the help of some examples and argues that it takes three forms: epistemic segregation, dominant intelligibility frameworks of white supremacy, and dismissal of ‘the right to be known’. The paper then uses the epistemic dimension of the ongoing oppression to argue that Roma can be accurately described as (a) internally colonized subjects and (b) as suffering from internal colonization – in the midst of Europe.

“Making America Gothic Again: Reading Alexis de Tocqueville’s Democracy in America Today”

Few historical phenomena seem less gothic than democracy, an ideal that is virtually always figured in terms of rational enlightenment and transparency, all of which made the January 6th insurrection in Washington especially unsettling: an interruption, not just of the important business of the day but of the most fundamental progressivist narratives of western civilization. But there have been other, more ominous accounts of democracy that would have figured these events more as a culmination than an interruption of the larger historical forces at work. Writing in the aftermath of the insurrection, this paper returns to Alexis de Tocqueville’s warning in Democracy in America that however precious, democracy was not the antithesis of despotism but an historically specific set of conditions that lent themselves to new, more insidious forms of despotism which would “degrade men without tormenting them.” Confronted with the spectre of this unprecedented form of oppression, Tocqueville warned in classic gothic terms that its greatest threat may have been its obscurity: “the old words of despotism and of tyranny do not work. The thing is new, so I must try to define it since I cannot name it.” It was, by all measures, a classic gothic tale: democracy as the basis for rather than safeguard against unprecedented and even unnameable forms of tyranny. This paper asks how Tocqueville’s warning can better understand our own highly polarized political situation today.

HIV and intersectional stigma among people living with HIV and healthcare workers and antiretroviral therapy adherence in the Dominican Republic.

HIV-related stigma, discrimination, and social marginalization undermines optimal HIV care outcomes. More research examining the impact of HIV-related stigma, discrimination, other interlocking forms of oppression, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence is needed to optimize HIV treatment programming. This study uses data from two clinics in the Dominican Republic to examine client and healthcare worker (HCW) perceptions of HIV and intersectional stigmas among people living with HIV. Surveys exploring demographics, HIV-related stigma, various dimensions of discrimination (race/ethnicity, HIV status, sexual orientation), healthcare engagement, and medication adherence were collected from 148 clients and 131 HCWs. Analysis of variance was conducted to examine differences in stigma by clinic and logistic regressions were used to determine predictors of optimal client medication adherence. Perceived discrimination in healthcare facilities due to clients' sexual orientation retained significance in crude and multivariable logistic regression models and was negatively associated with ART adherence (aOR:0.79; 95% CI:0.66, 0.95). Findings highlight the importance of implementing strategies to address stigma, discrimination, and social marginalization, particularly within healthcare facilities.

Fashion Curation in Latin America

This article argues that fashion curation in Latin America must be redesigned in order to disseminate the complex histories of fashion in the region, which are inherently tinted with forms of systemic oppression that stem from European invasions and colonialism. It begins with two recent case studies from Colombia before moving onto a brief overview of the development of fashion curation in Latin America, which highlights the dominance of Eurocentric views of fashion in exhibitions throughout the region. To move beyond these limited narratives, the article ends by offering some initial ideas to redirect future curatorial practices and strategies based on contemporary and critical approaches that engage with decolonial scholarship around fashion in Latin America.

Depiction of Oppression of the LGBTQ+ Community in the Dialogues of the Youtube Film Series “Sakristan”

“Sakristan” is a 20-minute film series with eight episodes directed by Darryl Yap; it shows that love goes beyond religion and gender. The research analyzed if there are sources of inaccurate portrayals that may have harmful repercussions such as hatred, oppression, and stereotypes toward the LGBTQ+ community. The study employed a qualitative content analysis method wherein the researchers observed the film’s mise-en-scene in relation to its dialogues to better understand how ‘Sakristan” portrayed the LGBTQ+ community. By utilizing Burke’s (1945) Pentadic Analysis, Green and Brock’s (2000, as cited in Green et al., 2004) Narrative Transportation Theory, and Queer Theory, results show that there is a pervasive presence of stereotyping and mockery as prominent ideologies within the series, the portrayal of oppression through the mise-en-scene of Sakristan (2020) varied across different scenes, and negative implications constructed various forms of oppression that were evident in the whole series which were powerlessness, exploitation, violence, and marginalization. Within the context of globalization and expanding reach of media, cinematic productions possess the capacity to transcend geographic and cultural limitations, diffusing LGBTQ+ identities to a global audience. Furthermore, this serves as a reference to develop a deeper understanding toward the community and how society can promote inclusivity worldwide. This also allows the media to know their potential to exert influence on international perceptions and attitudes toward queer individuals.

Invisible no more: the intersectionality of Asian American immigrants experiences

ABSTRACT Violence against individuals of Asian ancestry is frequently overlooked and dismissed as a personal issue. This conceptual paper aims to critically analyze the roots of anti-Asian violence as a sociopolitical problem and investigate the systematic oppression that leads to the invisibility of Asian American experiences. To begin, we introduce two conventional paradigms that function as forms of systemic oppression, contributing to the marginalization of Asian American immigrants. Subsequently, we present the concept of intersectionality as an alternative paradigm for understanding the diverse experiences within the Asian American community. Furthermore, we offer suggestions for the training of social workers to better equip them to assist Asian American individuals and families who find themselves caught between the Black/White and Native/Alien binaries.

A Conflict between Tradition and Modernity: Analysis of Marital Issues in Chetan Bhagat’s Select Works

Traditional values, beliefs, practices, and norms are the target of modernism. Modernism’s goal is to eliminate the unfairness, exploitation, and other forms of oppression at the heart of its philosophy. Modern man is eager to learn and grow but also calculating and manipulative. In every aspect of our lives, we have the impact of modernism. Modernism has influenced people’s everyday lives, customs, and habits in today’s society at the fundamental level. Because of these elements, Chetan Bhagat’s fictional tales are traced back to this process of structural transformation. Our society is undergoing fundamental transformation because of these developments. 2 States: The Story of My Marriage and Revolution 2020 by Chetan Bhagat are two great examples of this. This paper attempts to analyse the conflict between tradition and modernity in the marital issues through two novels.

Exploring intersectional approaches to waste through grassroots innovations in the U.K.

ABSTRACT Waste is an urgent global challenge. Patterns of excessive resource consumption and disposal are causing immense environmental and social damage. This paper argues that solutions to the waste crisis must be intersectional – addressing the ways in which multiple, overlapping forms of oppression are embedded in resource consumption and the generation of waste. Existing approaches to reducing waste in the U.K. and other Global North contexts have largely failed to take such an approach, but we identify grassroots innovations as a movement which may be well positioned to confront waste challenges in an intersectional way. Drawing on 19 interviews with practitioners and experts in the field of Grassroots Waste Innovations (GWIs), as well as analysis of select documents relating to key waste prevention projects, the article investigates the extent to which GWIs are taking an intersectional approach, and what this looks like. The research finds that GWIs are not generally understood in an intersectional way, but some compelling examples can be found. Framings, project design, and coalition-building emerge as key features of an intersectional approach. However, there are also some significant constraining factors. These include concerns that placing too much emphasis on multiple political causes will be off-putting to participants, lack of capacity, unhelpful funding structures, and the risk of tokenising people from marginalised groups in an attempt to increase diversity.

Dampak Bulying Pada Psikologi Anak Usia Dini Dan Progam Pencegahan Pemerintah

Bullying is any form of oppression or violence, which is carried out intentionally by a stronger person or group. The purpose of bullying is to hurt other people and is done continuously. This research aims to explore the impact of bullying on individual mental health, especially in children and adolescents. A qualitative approach is used to understand the experiences and perceptions of bullying victims, as well as the psychological and social impacts they have. Through in-depth interviews with bullying victims, parents, teachers and school staff, as well as participatory observation in the school environment, data was collected and analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Findings show that victims of bullying often experience depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and feelings of insecurity and protection in the school environment

Alice Walker's Portrayal of inequality and unfair treatment towards Women in the Novel "The Color Purple"

This research paper explores Alice Walker's poignant portrayal of inequality and unfair treatment towards women in her seminal novel, "The Color Purple." Through a close analysis of key instances in the text, this paper examines the various forms of oppression faced by female characters, including Celie, Sofia, and Shug Avery. By delving into themes of sexism, racism, and misogyny, this paper aims to highlight Walker's powerful commentary on the systemic injustices endured by women in a patriarchal society. "The Color Purple." Through a comprehensive analysis of key instances in the text, this paper elucidates the pervasive themes of sexism, racism, and misogyny, as experienced by characters such as Celie, Sofia, and Shug Avery. By delving into the socio-cultural context of the early 20th century South, this paper aims to contextualize Walker's portrayal of systemic oppression and its impact on female characters, ultimately underscoring the novel's significance as a powerful commentary on gender and race relations.

Analisis Dampak dan Tindakan Pencegahan Bullying Dikalangan Pelajar dalam Persepsi Hak Asasi Manusia

Bullying is any form of oppression or violence, which is done deliberately by a stronger person or group to intimidate or dominate others who are perceived as weaker. Both physical, verbal, and nonverbal bullying (spicy). Bullying often occurs in the school environment. This study uses a literature study study method. The main source of this research is research articles published on various sources, namely Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. The keyword used in literary livelihood is "bullying". The dtaa analysis was carried out qualitatively consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings of this study are that bullying has a huge impact on the victim's mental health, confidence, the victim feels depressed and will even injure himself or commit suicide. Indonesia is a country of law and human rights cannot be violated because human rights are highly respected. By protecting human rights, the goal is to prevent bullying behavior and minimize human rights violations. This study aims to determine the impact and prevention of bullying among students on the perception of human rights

Policy and laboratory practice: How quality control procedures for genetic testing perpetuate biological essentialism and discrimination against transgender, gender diverse, and intersex people.

Transgender, gender diverse, and intersex (TGDI) individuals face significant health disparities due to individual and systemic experiences of discrimination, impacting their access to healthcare. While clinical genetic testing has become increasingly accessible to the general population, the field of clinical genetics perpetuates a narrative of biological essentialism, which creates barriers for TGDI patients. Biological essentialism upholds that sex is a binary, fixed, and innate characteristic, a misconception that has been historically weaponized against the TGDI community in both individual experiences of discrimination and anti-trans legislation, among other systemic forms of oppression. Rejecting this discriminatory framework requires careful consideration of, and changes to, long-established practices that often go unquestioned, such as quality control metrics in genetic testing, in order to improve TGDI patients' outcomes and access to genetic services. The sex-check, comparing an individuals reported sex against their sex chromosomes, is an example of how laboratory genetics practices reinforce the narrative that sex is determined purely by chromosomal composition. Additionally, the sex-check "outs" TGDI people in clinical settings, creating a discriminatory and unsafe environment for these patients. Alternative quality control procedures and inclusive practices, such as clearer delineation of sex and gender on test requisition forms, are proposed to improve TGDI patient experiences. Genetic counselors and other clinical providers have a responsibility to address historical discrimination and advocate for changes to laboratory practice, so as to create affirming experiences for TGDI patients.

Perspectives on the Intersection of Gender, Customary Laws and Land Rights in India

Abstract For centuries, tribal communities in India have maintained distinct social and cultural identities, often with communal land ownership practices that were inclusive of women. The struggle of tribal women in India for land rights is a poignant manifestation of their fight against intersecting forms of oppression rooted in patriarchy, traditional power structures, and historical marginalisation. Given the existing background, this article discusses the intersection of property rights and gender relations in India, making a case for independent property rights for tribal women. It analyses the role of customary laws of inheritance in a legal pluralistic India and its conflict with positive law. The article also focuses on the role of the Indian judiciary in remedying the systemic discrimination against tribal women in India. It analyses the approach of the Indian courts in maintaining a balance between the autonomy granted to the tribes by the Indian Constitution and ensuring justice to women who are victims of such self-governance.