Formation Of Solidarity Research Articles

The Ukhuwah Paradigm in The Regulation on Majelis Taklim in Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to identify the values of Islamic solidarity formation in the Minister of Religious Affairs Regulation No. 29 of 2019 concerning Majelis Taklim. This qualitative research uses a literature study with a normative-philosophical approach. The trilogy of ukhuwah becomes the theory of analysis of the main object of research. Data for research was obtained using documentary techniques. While data analysis is carried out with the stages of reduction, presentation and verification. This research found the dimensions of the trilogy of ukhuwah values in regulations related to the orientation of majelis taklim in Indonesia, including the value of ukhuwah Islamiyah in increasing religiosity. Then, the value of ukhuwah wathoniyah in maintaining the integrity of social and cultural life. Furthermore, the value of ukhuwah basyariah in building a pluralist and humanist life. The results of this study confirm that the value of the trilogy of ukhuwah in Indonesia can be internalised through the orientation of the implementation of Islamic education, both formal and informal. The limitations of this research have not reviewed the role of Majelis Taklim in the community in internalising the trilogy of ukhuwah.

Russian sociologists on the foundations of solidarity: subjectivity, predictability and common feelings

Each concept of solidarity emphasises certain grounds and factors of solidarisation of society, linking them to social changes or, on the contrary, to the constants of human existence. In periods of social change, not only a decrease or increase in the degree of social consolidation takes place, but also a weakening of some forms of solidarity and the formation of others. The purpose of this study is to identify the bases of solidarity related to sociality and anthropological parameters of being. Although forms of solidarity change from society to society and at different historical stages of their development, no society remains viable and progressive in the absence of solidarity. The present study of the foundations of solidarity goes beyond both traditional sociological concepts of integration and disintegration, of normal society and anomie, and psychological theories of group needs and self-expression, that describe only the immediate preconditions and effects of solidarity. The author relies on secondary analysis of sources and theoretical analysis of sociological concepts of sociality and social reproduction. The research materials include publications by Russian scholars from the 19th century, when the first concepts of sobornost', omnipresence and positivist-practical interpretations of solidarity emerged in Russian sociology, to the present day, devoted to the issues of conditions for the formation of solidarity, consolidation and deconsolidation of society. The author identifies explicitly and implicitly present in the sources of understanding about the foundations of solidarity related to the constants of human existence and sociality: subjectivity, predictability and commonality of feelings. The subjectivity of social actors as the highest, reflexive level of subjectivity determines their ability and will to social creativity and actions in favour of the social whole. The predictability of the social environment ensures the majority's adherence to acceptable common rules, belief in common values on the basis of mutual trust and justice. Mutual aid and altruism within solidarity communities are considered as impossible without the third foundation of solidarity - the community of feelings of social subjects, associated with the commonality of their life worlds.

Imagining Otherwise: Conceptualising Sustainability in an Era of Extractivism Through an Agonistic Feminist Lens: A Response to Gendron (2024)

ABSTRACT This article explores the tension between sustainability, accounting and governance from an agonistic pluralist perspective adopting feminism as a methodology. Inspired by a commentary by Gendron (2024, in this issue) on the trustworthiness of science in the light of industry sponsorship of academic institutions, this article questions more deeply the acceptance of an extractive mindset which weaves into the organising of society as it influences what topics to prioritise and what to leave out of the mainstream narrative. The article draws in particular from the work of Mouffe (2000, 2013; see also Laclau and Mouffe, 2014) and Davis (2016). These studies, alongside other work, in particular by Black and Indigenous scholars, seeking to dismantle the oppressive bodies of capitalism, colonialism, racism, and patriarchy, have inspired my own reflections for this article. While these are all complex issues in and of themselves, which need further exploration beyond the rich body of existing literature, discussing them together and in relation to sustainability provides an opportunity to realise the equivalences in the struggles and encourage the formation of solidarity.

Death by a Thousand Cuts: A Microsociology of How University Administration Stifles Solidarity

Abstract This paper investigates how university administration influences solidarity in collaborative research and impact generation. We understand solidarity as the main stratum that makes higher education institutions function, as not to be swamped by their own complexity. Through autoethnographic case study on research impact evidencing and generation from an administrative perspective, we analyse bureaucratic dynamics that hinder solidarity formation by using Michael Lipsky's Street-Level Bureaucrats framework. We uncover how procedural issues, language barriers, and network dynamics hinder solidarity formation. We argue that rigid adherence to bureaucratic protocols and insensitivity to academic realities disconnect administrators from academics, impeding collaboration. We emphasize the importance of personal motivations in fostering collaborative environments. Our findings underscore the need for a paradigm shift toward balancing community welfare and individual well-being within academic institutions. By acknowledging administrative system biases and fostering mutual respect, we can mitigate solidarity erosion and enhance collaborative research for societal benefit.

#STOPMENSTRUALSHAMING: XIAOHONGSHU USERS’ ONLINE ADVOCACY FOR WOMEN’S ISSUES IN CHINA

This paper investigates how social media users advocate for women's issues in China, focusing on the activism against menstrual shaming on the social media platform Xiaohongshu, a culturally significant but understudied platform used primarily by women. With women accounting for 90.41% of active users, Xiaohongshu provides a unique social media environment that shapes the way users engage with feminist issues. However, despite the growing literature on digital feminism in China and the surging popularity and significance of Xiaohongshu in the Chinese social media ecosystem, no studies so far have examined the feminist activism on this platform. Our study contributes to this gap by exploring the discourse around menstrual shaming on Xiaohongshu, as a lens into the dynamics of activism on this female-oriented platform. Analyzing 329 posts and 10,336 comments under the hashtag #StopMenstrualShaming on Xiaohongshu, our study foregrounds the salient role of Xiaohongshu in helping women express their feminist values in an online space that they perceive as safe and intimate. In doing so, we employ the conceptual framework of hashtag activism, which refers to the development and spread of online activism with tangible results in the physical and digital worlds. Shining a spotlight on this significant but understudied platform, we illuminate the dynamics of Chinese digital feminism, especially the formation of solidarity, relatability and collective identity on a female-oriented social media platform.

The discursive construction of solidarity by Ghanaian female parliamentarians

Abstract Research on issues of women has largely focused attention on, among others, power asymmetries and gender stereotypes, with less emphasis on positive linguistic mechanisms of women. Drawing on a critical discourse analytical approach and using Ghanaian parliamentary debates as data, this paper examines how female members of parliament (MPs) construct solidarity. The paper finds that, first, Ghanaian female MPs construct solidarity by positioning themselves as agents and the voice of (Ghanaian) women by using the inclusive-we and our/us. Second, the MPs engage in solidarity formation for (Ghanaian) women empowerment by championing the cause of women and calling for female empowerment. Third, the MPs demonstrate solidarity through congratulatory messages that highlight the achievements of (Ghanaian) women. Finally, the MPs resist discourses that discriminate against (Ghanaian) women. This paper highlights the need for marginalized voices to be centred in CDA research and contributes to the burgeoning scholarship on reparative critical practices.

Supporting Solidarity

Supporting Solidarity

나치 독일 치하 유대계 여성들의 상호 원조와 저항 활동

In Holocaust studies, Ravensbrück has received special attention along with Auschwitz. The reason is not limited to the fact that Ravensbrück was a women's camp. Ravensbrück in the late period is a suitable place to grasp women's experiences and memories during the Holocaust, as it was a complex camp where the goals of isolation, forced labor, and extermination were implemented at the same time. It is also noteworthy that Ravensbrück was the main target of large-scale rescue operations led by Sweden and Denmark at the end of World War II. The paper first reviews the status and characteristics of the Ravensbrück concentration camp based on the research so far. Next, it deals with the living environment and the solidarity formation of Jewish women in Ravensbrück. Finally, it identifies the patterns and meanings of self-help and resistance activities developed by Jewish female prisoners for survival. The paper argues that the category of resistance in the camps should be interpreted quite widely, taking into account the harsh environment of Ravensbrück. In addition, it emphasizes that Jewish female prisoners should be fully evaluated for continuing their lives in small groups, encouraging each other not to collapse from the inside, and developing self-esteem struggles.

The role of religion in the formation of solidarity and social cohesion in independent Ukraine

The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of the religious factor in the formation of solidarity and social cohesion in Ukraine during the period of independence. The relevance of this topic is substantiated by the fact that during the years of independence Ukraine has been going through the path of socio-political transformations, which are marked by important social processes of departure from the Soviet "inheritance" and building social relations on a new democratic basis. These transformational processes take place with certain points of particular aggravation and tension - crises, during which Ukrainians demonstrate an extremely high level of social cohesion, solidarity and readiness for self-sacrifice for the protection of common values. The authors investigate social and transformational processes in Ukrainian society, trying to apply the theoretical and methodological approach and conceptualization of the concept of solidarity carried out by Emile Durkheim and describe the experience of the transition from the USSR and gaining independence of Ukraine as the process of changing the types of solidarity from "mechanical" to "organic". Considerable attention is paid to social factors that affect the social cohesion of society in general and in Ukraine in particular. The article explores the potential of religion as a social institution that unites communities of various levels. The authors, analyzing the main trends of religious life in Ukraine during Ukraine's independence, as well as the state of public trust to the church, religious leaders, as well as the level of tolerance in society, testify the significant influence of the religious factor on social cohesion and solidarity in Ukraine. The courage, sacrifice and absolute unity of Ukrainians in resisting the full-scale aggression of Russia became another vivid confirmation of the "organic" type of solidarity that has formed in Ukraine. Different political forces, state structures of different levels, military, volunteers, civil society organizations and religious organizations acted as a single solidarity organism in defense of common values of freedom, sovereignty, territorial integrity of Ukraine, human dignity and identity. The scientific result is the substantiation of the influence of the religious factor on the formation of social cohesion through indicators of religious pluralism, the level of tolerance on religious grounds, the level of trust in religion. Indicators are derived from the methodological guidelines of E. Durkheim (in particular, his concept of different types of solidarity) and others, as well as modern approaches of international organizations engaged in research on social cohesion. The data of sociological studies of different years conducted in Ukraine, as well as the secondary analysis of sociological results, became the basis for the conclusion that religious organizations in Ukraine are active and equal subjects of civil society, which influenced and influence the formation of public attitudes and positions, and therefore social cohesion and solidarity in society.

Understanding the Inter-Ethnic Solidarity Formation in A Plural Charismatic Community

This study describes the inter-ethnic solidarity in the charismatic Mawar Sharon church in Medan City, Indonesia, also known as the Connect Group Church.The qualitative and ethnographic approaches were used to determine the solidarity in Charismatic Churches where people are separated by ethnicity. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with respondents actively involved in the activities of the religious connect groups, such as sponsors, coaches, and team leaders. The results showed that the activities in the community include fellowship, ice breakers, praise and worship, and material sharing as a form of learning about inter-ethnic solidarity among members. Furthermore, active members such as team leaders, sponsors, and coaches play significant roles in these activities. Meanwhile, music and church songs are used to strengthen the relationship between members.

메타버스 플랫폼을 활용한 창의융합 프로젝트 사례 연구

The purpose of this study was to propose implications for the use of the metaverse platform in terms of education through the case of operating the creative convergence project of A university case using the metaverse platform. To this end, the metaverse platform observed participation in the activity process in the project learning activity environment designed in the virtual space, Gathertown, and conducted a survey and interview with learners after the activity. As a result of the study, the survey showed high interest in the metaverse platform, the necessity of pre-education on how to use it, the degree of intimacy formation, interaction, solidarity formation, reality, team activity immersion, satisfaction with the team activity process, and team activity results. In the in-depth interview, the positive effects of using other metabus platforms were confirmed such as self-expression for non-face-to-face identity, achievement of cooperative problem solving, collaboration and creativity through various tools, learning contextual experience through sharing of game and learning contents, in-depth learning and space design. Based on the results of this study, various implications for the use of the metaverse platform for creative convergence education at the university level were derived. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for the educational use of metaverse in universities.

팬데믹 이후 온라인 무용 공연 활성화를 위한 관객 참여의 다양한 방향 모색

This study was conducted to find a method for the active participation of the audience as an audience rather than a creative method as a way to revitalize the online dance performance that appeared as a pandemic. Therefore, from the point of view of online performance, a plan was presented for the audience to actively participate in the online dance performance to revitalize the performance. First, it is necessary to plan a new concept that actively induces audience participation in online dance performances. Second, in order to make audience participation easier, the development of a dance platform should be preceded. Third, it is necessary to develop a technical device that can make it easier for audiences to access in order to build a platform specialized in dance. Fourth, in order to induce active audience participation, free solidarity formation must be possible.

Normalizing and Resisting the New Precarity: A Case Study of the Indonesian Gig Economy

The article examines the effects of the normalization of a new form of precarious work—tied to the gig economy and shaped by the imperatives of neoliberalism—in impeding the formation of solidarity that would enable workers to challenge structural issues that shape their precarity, although without entirely preventing collective organization. While the article focuses on the manifestation of the new precarity and workers’ responses in the app-based transport service in Indonesia, it seeks insights from the different experiences of other countries. It is argued here that the historical absence of the Standard Employment Relationship (SER), and the historically rooted ineffectiveness of labor and broader society movements aggravate problems in translating the precarity discourse into the organizational struggles of contemporary labor.

From “Trans-” and “Post-nationalism” to “Critical Cosmopolitanism”. Notes on the Controversy Over Nationalism in the Western Academy

This article provides an overview of theoretical efforts to overcome nation-centrism that have been undertaken in various fields of social science, including political science, cultural studies, social anthropology and macrosociology, migration studies, and social philosophy, from the 1990s. The opposition to nationalism, characteristic of the academic literature of that time, was conducted mainly on the epistemological plane; i.e., within the framework of polemics engaging “methodological nationalism”. The researchers who defended the positions of “transnationalism” and/or “post-nationalism” dissociated themselves from nation-centric perspectives to the extent that they hindered the productive analysis of transformations of social reality. However, there was an ideological and normative component to this dissociation. Nationalism was unacceptable for many scientists both as a methodology and also as a worldview. Since cosmopolitanism was the main opponent of the nationalist worldview, critics of nationalism were obliged to turn to its associated concepts. The problematic nature of such an appeal, however, lies in the fact that the cosmopolitan tradition of Western academic literature developed mainly within a liberal ideological fold. This led toward efforts to reset cosmopolitanism as an articulation of the left-leaning agenda. This present article focuses on “critical cosmopolitanism”. If the nationalist view sees the condition for the possibility of solidarity in the very fact of community, then the critical-cosmopolitan view is that solidarity can arise from a general disagreement with oppression (in whatever forms the latter may manifest itself). Community, therefore, does not precede solidarity, but is the result of the process of its formation. The author of the article analyses and revises the terms necessary to discuss the formation of solidarity and the fight against oppression, and offers an attempt to comprehend the possibility of a post-national world.

Centering marginalized voices: a discourse analytic study of the Black Lives Matter movement on Twitter

ABSTRACT Recent studies on non-dominant or minority groups have begun to look at how their members reconstruct resistance, sculpt a positive identity for themselves and engage in solidarity formation for group empowerment. The present study contributes to this growing scholarship by examining the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement’s use of Twitter to promote an emancipatory agenda for Black communities/people. Based on the tweets produced by the BLM movement, I analyze various discursive mechanisms utilized by the movement to resist institutional oppression and systemic racism with vehemence, while advocating freedom, liberation and justice for Black people. Three discursive strategies were identified: (1) critiquing oppressive institutions and systemic racism, (2) denouncing white supremacy and redefining demeaning racial narratives and (3) calling out racist attitudes and commending people who oppose such behavior. Through these strategies, the BLM movement amplifies the voice(s) of Black people and moves issues concerning their development, progress and welfare from the margins to the center. The paper illustrates the agentive power of discourse to stimulate action towards social change.

Investigating emancipatory discourses in action: The need for an interventionist approach and an activist-scholar posture

ABSTRACT This Special Issue provides a collection of cutting-edge research that examines discourses that serve emancipatory agendas by taking a social justice approach. To this end, the issue draws on data from Africa, Latin America, North America and the Arab Levant to illuminate how members of non-dominant and marginalized (disempowered) groups sculpt a positive image for themselves, engage in solidarity formation for group empowerment and reconstruct their experiences in a manner that gives them voice, agency and a positive identity. The issue argues for a more interventionist stance in ideologically oriented discourse analysis and demonstrates why (critical) discourse analysts must not only expose and resist the inequities or injustices in society but, more crucially, also adopt an activist-scholar posture in order to push for positive social change.

Maritime Labour, Circulations of Struggle, and Constructions of Transnational Subaltern Agency: The Spatial Politics of the 1939 Indian Seafarers’ Strikes

AbstractThis paper explores the relations between maritime labour, the circulation of struggles between different sites, and constructions of transnational subaltern agency. It does this through engaging with the interconnected strikes of Indian merchant seafarers in ports and ships across the British Empire in the Autumn of 1939. These strikes broke out after the outbreak of the Second World War and were in part mobilised against the racialised inequalities which structured maritime labour. The paper foregrounds the relations between practices of blockading ships in ports through refusing to crew them and the circulation of the strikes between ships. I argue that this combination of spatial tactics shaped transnational forms of networked subaltern agency (Balachandran 2012, Globalizing Labour? Indian Seafarers and World Shipping, c. 1870−1945). To engage with the dynamics of subaltern agency through the strikes the paper explores the relations between trajectories of organising, the circulation of demands, and the formation of solidarities.

Solidarity as Value in Journalism

The paper is researching the value of solidarity in contemporary Russian journalism, actualized in its professional and civic aspects. The pandemic has contributed to the development of practices of solidarity and mutual aid, and a surge in discussions about this value. Journalism reflects the processes of the birth of new practices and the reincarnation of traditional ones, and takes part in the formation of solidarity, sharing its humanist and civic character. At the same time, solidarity in journalism is actualized as a professional value, allowing the media community to resist external pressure. The object of the study is civil and professional values in journalism; the subject of the study is the value of solidarity. Monitoring of posts and comments in social networks, primary and secondary data analysis, and case analysis were used as methods of research. The empirical material includes cases from contemporary journalistic solidarity practice.The author examines the circumstances that become the background for journalistic solidarity, its traditional and new actors. The fragmented and discrete nature of journalism also manifests itself in the interaction (or lack thereof) between the various actors of journalistic solidarity. The digital nature of the modern media environment makes its contribution: solidarity is being implemented in an online format and the role of the community manager is increasing. Other trends of journalistic solidarity are its publicity, its mediatization, and monetization. The palette of solidarity tools in journalism is constantly expanding, incorporating tools from other fields. Modern solidarity absorbs elements of social projection, taking the form of public campaigns and mobilization projects. Manifestations of journalistic solidarity are situational, often centered around a particular media outlet, an iconic or high-profile event, or a journalist in a particular short period of time. Publicity becomes the primary goal. Examples of extended solidarity are rare and forced to be informationally recalled, interest maintained and moderated. The author concludes that various solidarity practices in journalism are built on the actualized value of solidarity and offers an understanding of it.

A Self-Critical Public: Cumulation of Opinion on Belarusian Oppositional YouTube before the 2020 Protests

YouTube-based discussions are a growing area of academic attention. However, we still lack knowledge on whether YouTube provides for forming critical publics in countries with no established democratic tradition. To address this question, we study commenting to Belarusian oppositional YouTube blogs in advance of the major wave of Belarusian post-election protests of 2020. Based on the crawled data of the whole year of 2018 for six Belarusian political videoblogs, we define the structure of the commenters’ community, detect the core commenters, and assess their discourse for aggression, orientation of dialogue, direction of criticism, and antagonism/agonism. We show that, on Belarusian YouTube, the commenters represented a genuine adversarial self-critical public with cumulative patterns of solidarity formation and find markers of readiness for the protest spillover.

Classical and contemporary approaches to the study of solidarity: Challenges and perspectives under destructuration

Since the 19th century, when the development of the modern society accelerated, social cohesion factors have become relevant for theory and practice. Such issues as the national states development and emerging political parties, the division of labor and class and professional forms of solidarity have formed the agenda of both academic and policymaking debates. In recent decades, there has been another round of interest in the study of social cohesion and sustainability under de-colonization, emancipation, inequality and technological changes. Under the global pandemic, the issue of solidarity has become particularly acute. The covid-19 has created a new reality: millions of people live in the forced social isolation, and such key social institutions as education, culture and healthcare have been reconstructed with the usual forms of interpersonal interaction eliminated. This situation requires rethinking the rights and obligations of individuals together with the forms of appropriate social control and regulation. For instance, the ability of individuals to take initiative at the micro-level (like volunteer projects) turned out to be especially important for the public well-being. The authors consider the research on solidarity in social sciences taking into account the current trends of structural instability or destructuration. The authors analyze both classical theories of solidarity and contemporary related concepts to prove that microsociology focuses primarily on the reproduction of social structures rather than on their transformation by proactive individual or group agency. Moreover, the tradition of structural macro-analysis also ignores the formation of solidarity at the micro-level. The authors refer to the works of P.A. Sorokin and M. Archer who consider individuals as capable of proactive formation of solidarity. In contemporary studies, the authors identify two main approaches to the analysis of solidarity - rational and structure-determined, and analyze other prospective approaches developing at the intersection of philosophy and psychology. The authors conclude by suggesting some directions in the study of the solidarity-oriented individual action and its impact on societal development.